Adam Klimowicz

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• Prof. PharD, DSc
• Profesor at Pomeranian Medical University

People are paying more and more attention to their physical appearance. One way is the use of cosmetics containing antioxidants that slow down the skin ageing process. The application of photoprotective agents is another factor that protects the skin against ageing. Preparations based on natural raw materials are considered to be more safe. The eva...

Eugenol (EU) and isoeugenol (IZO-EU) are naturally occurring compounds known for their strong antibacterial properties, which makes them ideal candidates for application as preservatives in cosmetic products. Primarily derived from clove oil, EU demonstrates potent antibacterial effects against a wide range of microorganisms, including Gram-positiv...

Substances that delay the skin aging process have become very popular lately. Undoubtedly, this is influenced by all kinds of efforts to maintain a youthful appearance for as long as possible. Plant-derived antioxidants are a group of compounds that exhibit protective properties against the degenerative effects of oxidative stress on skin aging. An...

Introduction Sanguisorba officinalis L. is classified as a medicinal plant and used in traditional medicine. The root of this plant is mainly used as a medicinal raw material, but the above-ground parts are also a valuable source of health-promoting biologically active compounds. Method The study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity and tota...

α-Pinene is the bicyclic, unsaturated terpene hydrocarbon present in many plants. Due to its beneficial chemical properties, this compound is of great interest and has found numerous applications as a raw material in many chemical industries as well as in medicine and cosmetics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant activities of et...

Introduction: Free radicals are formed mainly as a result of environmental pollution, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, and stress. These factors contribute to the formation of oxidative stress, which is involved in the aging process of the skin, among other things. Antioxidants are compounds found naturally in plant products that have beneficial effects...

Introduction: Skin ageing is a natural process caused by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors, such as exposure to solar radiation, smoking, environmental pollution, improper skin care, improper lifestyle, stress and lack of sleep. These factors accelerate the ageing process of the skin by impairing and limiting many of its functions. In order to p...

Introduction. Proper nutrition is one of the preconditions for maintaining good health. Even small dietary modifications, including, for example, the introduction of more vegetables and fruits, may reduce the risk of some chronic non-infectious diseases. Fruits and vegetables are a valuable source of active compounds with broad ranging biological a...

In the treatment of pain, especially chronic pain, the rule of multimodal therapy applies, based on various painkillers mechanisms of action. The aim of the conducted study was to evaluate the in vitro penetration of ketoprofen (KET) and lidocaine hydrochloride (LH) through the human skin from a vehicle with transdermal properties. The results obta...

Epilobium angustifolium L. is a medicinal plant well known for its anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties related to its high polyphenols content. In the present study, we evaluated the antiproliferative properties of ethanolic extract of E. angustifolium (EAE) against normal human fibroblasts (HDF) and selected ca...

The diet rich in fruits is widely recommended for health-promoting properties. Regular consumption of fruits could reduce the risk of many diseases. The fruit-based alcoholic beverages have been produced for centuries and, in many countries, are still very popular. ‘Nalewka’ is a traditional name of Polish liqueur, i.e., an alcoholic beverage made...

Ferulic acid (FA) has been widely used in the pharmaceutical and cosmetics industry due to its, inter alia, antioxidant, antiaging and anti-inflammatory effects This compound added to cosmetic preparations can protect skin because of its photoprotective activity. However, the usefulness of FA as a therapeutic agent is limited due to its low solubil...

Introduction: Human skin is constantly exposed to harmful external factors that are often the cause of premature aging. Antioxidants (including vitamins and flavonoids) are an important group of compounds that are necessary to scavenge harmful free radicals. As a result of the universally functioning cult of beauty, cosmetics manufacturers increasi...

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of introducing structural modification of ibuprofen in the form of an ion pair on the permeability of ibuprofen through the skin and the properties of the adhesive layer of the medical patch produced. The active substances tested were the salts of ibuprofen obtained by pairing the anion of ibuprofen with orga...

Introduction: Antioxidants, in addition to their general positive effect on health, inhibit the aging of the skin. Many plant extracts are a valuable source of natural antioxidants that can be used in the production of cosmetics and cosmetology. Syringa vulgaris L. is a plant that contains flavonoids, one of the most important groups of natural com...

The plants of the genus Rubus (R.) are applied as antiseptic agents in the treatment of skin diseases. Despite the great interest in plants of this genus, there are few reports on the antioxidant and biological activities of preparations obtained from the leaves of these plants. Therefore, we decided to evaluate the antioxidant activity of preparat...

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.896706.].

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of chemical modifications of the structure of active compounds on the skin permeation and accumulation of ibuprofen [IBU] from the acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive used as a drug-in-adhesives matrix type transdermal patch. The active substances tested were ibuprofen salts obtained by pairing the ibuprofen...

Epilobium angustifolium L. is an ethnomedicinal plant known as a medicinal plant in many regions of the world, among others, in various skin diseases. Despite the great interest in this plant, there are still few reports of biological activity of ready-made dermatological or cosmetical preparations containing the E. angustifolium extracts. The anti...

Epilobium angustifolium L. (EA) has been used as a topical agent since ancient times. There has been an increasing interest in applying EA as a raw material used topically in recent years. However, in the literature, there are not many reports on the comprehensive application of this plant to skin care and treatment. EA contains many valuable secon...

Modifications of (RS)-2-[4-(2-methylpropyl)phenyl] propanoic acid with amino acid isopropyl esters were synthesised using different methods via a common intermediate. The main reaction was the esterification of the carboxyl group of amino acids with isopropanol and chlorination of the amino group of the amino acid, followed by an exchange or neutra...

Introduction: Rosa rugosa Thunb., commonly known as rugosa rose, has favorable properties. Due to the content of valuable compounds such as polyphenols and vitamins, it shows antioxidant activity, which can protect the organism against oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant potential of alcoholic extracts of R. rugo...

Plant extracts are used, among others, for the production of cosmetic preparations. However, their long storage may cause the degradation of valuable substances, reducing the antioxidant activity. The Plantago lanceolata L. and the Plantago major L. are applied as agent in the treatment of skin diseases, where they show anti-inflammatory as well as...

The paper presents the synthesis, full identification, and characterization of new salts-L-proline alkyl ester naproxenates [ProOR][NAP], where R was a chain from ethyl to butyl (including isopropyl). All obtained compounds were characterized by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffracto...

Epilobium angustifolium L. is a popular medicinal plant found in many regions of the world. This plant contains small amounts of essential oil whose composition and properties have not been extensively investigated. There are few reports in the literature on the antioxidant and antifungal properties of this essential oil and the possibility of appl...

The effect of transdermal vehicle (Pentravan®) on skin permeability was examined for unmodified ibuprofen (IBU) and ion pairs of ibuprofen with new L-valine alkyl esters [ValOR][IBU]. The percutaneous permeation across the human skin and transdermal diffusion test model (Strat-M® membranes) of ibuprofen and its structural modification were measured...

This paper aimed to evaluate the effect of vehicle and chemical modifications of the structure of active compounds on the skin permeation and accumulation of ibuprofen [IBU]. In vitro permeation experiments were performed using human abdominal skin and Strat-M™ membrane. The HPLC method was used for quantitative determinations. The formulations tes...

Alzheimer’s disease, a neurodegenerative disease, is one of the most common causes of dementia if elderly people worldwide. Alzheimer’s disease leads to the alienation of individuals and their exclusion from social and professional life. It is characterized mainly by the degradation of memory and disorientation, which occurs as a result of the loss...

This study aimed to investigate the potential of photoreactive acrylate patches as systems for transdermal drug delivery, in particular, using more renewable alternatives and more environmentally friendly synthesis routes of transdermal patches. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a transdermal patch containing ibuprofen and investigate...

The essence of the invention presented herein is the use of acetone as a solvent for the DPPH radical, which may be helpful in determining the antioxidant properties of materials that are not easily soluble in ethanol, such as vegetable and animal fats or certain cosmetic preparations that contain them. To evaluate the antioxidant activity of the p...

The growing public awareness of the dangers regarding chemicals used in traditional agriculture has led to consumers seeking valuable and contaminant-free products. Ecological agriculture has become synonymous with high health value and product safety. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity and the total polyphenolic content...

The aim of the present study was to determine the antioxidant activity of the aqueous extracts from Lycopodium clavatum, Cetraria islandica and Dipsacus fullonum obtained using aqueous solutions of ionic liquids by the ultrasound-assisted extraction (IL-UAE) method. Triethanolammonium salts [TEAH]+[AA]- of four amino acids of different hydrophobici...

The effect of cream and gel vehicles containing clove water on skin permeability was compared for a new eugenol derivative (eugenyl dichloroacetate—EDChA) with antioxidant activity. In vitro permeation experiments were conducted in a Franz cell with porcine skin. The cumulative mass and skin accumulation of EDChA were investigated and compared. The...

Coffee is one of the most often consumed beverages almost all over the world. The multiplicity of beans, as well as the methods and parameters used to brew, encourages the optimization of the brewing process. The study aimed to analyze the effect of roasting beans, the brewing technique, and its parameters (time and water temperature) on antioxidan...

Bacterial cellulose membranes (BCs) are becoming useful as a drug delivery system to the skin. However, there are very few reports on their application of plant substances to the skin. Komagataeibacter xylinus was used for the production of bacterial cellulose (BC). The BC containing 5% and 10% ethanolic extract of Epilobium angustifolium (FEE) (BC...

The potential of bacterial cellulose as a carrier for the transport of ibuprofen (a typical example of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) through the skin was investigated. Ibuprofen and its amino acid ester salts-loaded BC membranes were prepared through a simple methodology and characterized in terms of structure and morphology. Two salts of...

Epilobium angustifolium L. is a popular and well-known medicinal plant. In this study, an attempt to evaluate the possibility of using this plant in preparations for the care and treatment of skin diseases was made. The antioxidant, antiaging and anti-inflammatory properties of ethanolic extracts from Epilobium angustifolium (FEE) were assessed. Qu...

This study investigated the antioxidant activity DPPH, ABTS, and Folin–Ciocalteu methods of betulin (compound 1) and its derivatives (compounds 2–11). Skin permeability and accumulation associated with compounds 1 and 8 were also examined. Identification of the obtained products (compound 2–11) and betulin isolated from plant material was based on...

Objective of the work. The aim of the study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity and the total polyphenol content of infusions of herbal tea bags and leaf teas from traditional crops, as well as infusions of leaf teas from ecological crops. Materials and Methods. Raw material consisted of dried flowers of Matricaria chamomilla, and Tilia corda...

Background: Extracts of milk thistle, particularly from seeds, are used as a valuable source of natural antioxidants in different industries, for example pharmaceutical and cosmetic. The leaves and flowers are also known to be a source of biologically active compounds, as well as those with an antioxidant capacity. The selection of the extraction...

Epilobium angustifolium L. is applied as an antiseptic agent in the treatment of skin diseases. However, there is a lack of information on human skin penetration of active ingredients with antioxidative potential. It seems crucial because bacterial infections of skin and subcutaneous tissue are common and partly depend on oxidative stress. Therefor...

The effect of various alcohols as vehicles on skin permeability was compared for unmodified ibuprofen (IBU) and ion pairs of ibuprofen with L-valine alkyl esters [ValOR][IBU], in which the alkyl chain R was changed from C1 to C8. In vitro permeation experiments were conducted in a Franz cell with porcine skin. Methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol sol...

Introduction: Due to the content of nutrients and taste attributes, the plant sprouts could become a valuable component of a healthy diet. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the antioxidant potential of various sprouts extracts depending on the processing method of the plant material. Methods: The extracts in 96%( v/v ) ethanol were pr...

The aim of the study was to determine the antioxidant activity and assess the lipophilicity and skin penetration of eugenyl chloroacetate (EChA), eugenyl dichloroacetate (EDChA), and eugenyl trichloroacetate (ETChA). Identification of the obtained products was based on gas chromatography (GC), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR/ATR), gas chromatography co...

The main focus of this work is to extend the knowledge about the complexity of issues of oxidative stress. Natural compounds play a serious role in multiple aspects of both human, leading to clear health-promoting effects. This work is focused on the potential application cosmetic formulations containing including but not limited to of clove water...

The aim of the study was to determine the antioxidant activity and assess the lipophilicity and skin penetration of eugenyl chloroacetate (EChA), eugenyl dichloroacetate (EDChA), and eugenyl trichloroacetate (ETChA). Identification of the obtained products was based on gas chromatography (GC), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR/ATR), gas chromatography co...

The antioxidant activities of extracts of purple, yellow and orange carrot varieties were evaluated by in vitro methods i.e. DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and CUPRAC. The total polyphenols concentration was evaluated using Folin-Ciocalteu technique. The content of anthocyanins, chlorophylls and carotenoids was evaluated in fresh and frozen carrots. The anthocy...

Background: The search for new sources of natural antioxidants is very important because many diseases are caused by oxidative stress. Fruit which contain antioxidants are an important part of a healthy diet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity of extracts of both the fresh and frozen peel and the flesh of Garcinia mango...

Introduction : Oxidative stress caused by an excess of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is the main reason behind many civilization diseases. The fruits and leaves of Prunus domestica L. contain antioxidants such as vitamins, polyphenols (including flavonoids) and organic acids. The aim of the study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity and total p...

Honey is produced by bees (Apis mellifera) from flower nectar and insect secretions. Like other bee products it is used as an adjuvant for treatment of many diseases. It also finds its uses for producing cosmetics. The main components of honey include carbohydrates, which represent approximately 80% of the dry matter, and water. Monosaccharides, ma...

New ibuprofen derivatives were made via conjugation with L-valine alkyl esters (ValOR), where R was changed from an ethyl to a hexyl group. The ionic structure was confirmed using NMR and FTIR. Specific rotation, solubility in commonly used solvents, thermal properties including phase transitions temperatures, and thermal stability were also determ...

Background: The supplementation of antioxidants, in particular those of plant origin, may help to prevent the development of diseases caused by oxidative stress. Therefore, it is important to study plants for their antioxidant contents. Up to now, only a few reports on the antioxidant activity of different varieties and parts of grapefruit have be...

Introduction : St. John’s Wort ( Hypericum perforatum L.) is a plant from the Hypericaceae family commonly occurring in Europe, Asia, Africa and North America. It is used for medical purposes, for example in depression, viral or bacterial diseases, as well as diseases of the digestive system. St. John’s Wort is a source of hypericin as well as flav...

Introduction : Dandelion ( Taraxacum officinale L.) has been commonly used in traditional and contemporary medicine due to its diuretic and hepatoprotective properties. It contains polyphenols, vitamins and terpenes – i.e. compounds with antioxidant potential. Natural antioxidants protect organisms against oxidative stress, an important factor in t...

Introduction: Fireweed ( Epilobium angustifolium (L.) Holub) is a common weed growing on meadows, roadside and agricultural wasteland, creating vast, rapidly spreading fields. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity of extracts from fresh fireweed, harvested at three ripening stages. Methods: Analysis of antioxidati...

Introduction: Hop ( Humulus lupulus L.) is a common plant in Europe, with many beneficial health effects. In addition to the use in brewing, hops are a valuable source of active substances used in conventional and folk medicine, such as humulones and lupulones, as well as antioxidants, including phenolic compounds. Objective: The aim of the study w...

Introduction: The aim of this in vitro study was to assess the pH values of selected calcium-silicate root canal sealers in comparison with AH Plus resin-based root canal sealer.Materials and methods: Six root canal sealers were included in this study: BioRoot RCS (Septodont, France), GuttaFlow bioseal (Coltėne/Whaledent, Switzerland), MTA Fillapex...

Introduction: Quince ( Cydonia oblonga Mill.) is a plant of which both the fruits and the leaves are sources of compounds with antioxidant potential. Such activity could be helpful to prevent the development of so-called oxidative stress. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the antioxidant properties of ethanolic, methanolic and acetoni...

Introduction: Antioxidants, isolated from different plant parts, are widely used due to their ability to prevent the development of so-called oxidative stress. Sea buckthorn ( Hippophae rhamnoides L.) is one of the plants with expected antioxidant properties. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity of ethanolic, met...

ABSTRAKTWstęp: Ananas jest powszechnie znanym owocem tropikalnym, cenionym zarówno ze względu na walory smakowe, jak i właściwości odżywcze, gdyż stanowi źródło związków pozytywnie wpływających na zdrowie. W skład owocu wchodzą witaminy C, A i B1, beta-karoten, enzymy proteolityczne, cukry, a także flawonoidy i polifenole, które zaliczane są do sze...

ABSTRAKTWstęp: Antyoksydanty zawarte w niektórych owocach i warzywach chronią organizm przed stresem oksydacyjnym, który odgrywa główną rolę w patogenezie starzenia oraz chorób układu sercowo-naczyniowego, nowotworowych i neurodegeneracyjnych. Papryka jest ważnym warzywem, wykorzystywanym przede wszystkim jako potrawa, ale także jako przyprawa. Świ...

Introduction. Plants are a valuable source of biologically active compounds, including antioxidants, which could prevent the development of oxidative stress. The members of Rosaceae family such as Sorbus aucuparia L. and Cydonia oblonga Mill. are the examples of plants contained antioxidants. Aim. The aim of the study was to evaluate the antioxidan...

The role of interleukin-23 is crucial in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, and IL23A, IL12B and IL23R genetic variants have been associated with the disease in genome-wide association studies. In the current paper we have conducted a confirmation study of the abovementioned genetic factors in a case-control analysis of 507 psoriatic patients and 396 c...

ABSTRAKTWstęp: Parabeny są obecnie jednymi z częściej stosowanych konserwantów w produktach kosmetycznych i leczniczych. Pod względem chemicznym są to estry kwasu p-hydroksybenzoesowego. Swoją popularność zawdzięczają dużemu spektrum działania przeciwko drobnoustrojom, możliwości zastosowania w szerokim zakresie pH, jak również niskim kosztom produ...

Introduction. Oxidative stress, caused by a reactive oxygen species (ROS) imbalance, is a major ethiological and pathogenic factor in most civilization diseases. The fruits of Mopan Persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) and Passion Fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims.) contain mineral compounds as well as vitamins and polyphenols, which are natural antioxidants....

Introduction: Antioxidants contained in plant raw materials prevent oxidative stress, and reduce the degenerative effects of free radical reactions and damage caused by UV radiation. Antioxidant activity is exhibited, for example, in raspberry (Rubus idaeus), and blackberry (Rubus fruticosus), which have a high content of tannins, flavonoids, phen...

Healthy skin influences the well-being and is one of the determinants of beauty. Cosmetic industry, engaged in production of suitable products for its care, is still a growing branch, which important components are the formulations of preparations. Their biological active ingredients that affect the cosmetics effects, are often plant-derived. Some...

Background: Recent studies have revealed the pivotal role of Th17 cells and interleukin-17 (IL-17) in plaque psoriasis development and treatment outcome. The IL-17 family consists of 6 structurally related cytokines (IL-17A, IL-17B, IL-17C, IL-17D, IL-17E, IL-17F), of which IL-17A and IL-17F mediate similar biological effects. Objectives: The ai...

Psoriasis has been considered to involve a specific genetic background (1,2), and epidemiological studies together with genetic analyses have confirmed the significance of HLA-Cw6 as a disease susceptibility marker (3,4). However, the HLA-Cw6 findings did not explain the predisposition to the disease of the 35–40% of people with psoriasis who do no...

Inulin, a natural oligomer of fructose, is classified as a food component. It can be found in some plants and vegetables, i.e. chicory, Jerusalem artichoke, elecampane, and dandelion. Following ingestion, inulin reaches the lower part of the gastrointestinal tract where it is fermented increasing the bifidobacterial population of the colon. The gro...

The properties of hyaluronic acid used for treatment of acute and chronic joint disease are known for many years and this compound is widely used both in humans and animals. To obtain a therapeutic effect of a certain drug, the appropriate concentration in the target organ or tissue is important. The application of labeled compounds is one of the f...

Vitiligo is an idiopathic chronic skin disease that is notable for depigmented macules forming by destruction of melanocytes mediated by cells of the immune system. Vitiligo occurs in 1-2% of the population irrespective of race and without predilection to gender or age. The dynamics and extent of the disease vary widely, ranging from stable cases w...

Introduction: Hypersensitivity to cosmetic ingredients is a significant clinical issue due to their common usage. Among the substances contained in cosmetics, contact allergy may be caused by fragrance additives, preservatives, vehicles and dyes. Aim: To assess the frequency of contact allergy to selected cosmetic ingredients and other allergens ba...

Systemic antifungal drugs are widely used to treat superficial dermatomycosis as well as invasive fungal infections. Similarly to other therapeutic agents, these compounds may also cause adverse effects and drug-drug interactions. In the majority of these processes transmembrane transporter P-glycoprotein and cytochrome P-450 isoenzymes are involve...

Cytochrome P450 comprises many enzymes that are involved in phase I metabolic pathways, including oxidation of endo- as well as exogenous compounds. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widespread therapeutic agents. Several isoenzymes, including CYP2C9, CYP2C8, CYP3A4 and CYP1A2, catalyze biotransformation of these drugs as well as m...

Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of lymphopro-liferative disorders. Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas make up 4.5% of all cancers and 12%-15% of all lymphomas have T-cell origin. The subject is a 24- year-old man, who was admitted to the Department of Dermatology from the Contagious Department with the chief complaints of weight loss (12...

Every adverse and undesirable event observed after administration of the therapeutic dose of the drug is defined as adverse drug reaction. The aim of the study was to evaluate the incidence frequency of cutaneous adverse drug reactions, to define the drugs inducing such reactions and to define the type of the most frequently found lesions in patien...

The paper presents current opinions on aetiopathogenesis of dry skin including its occurrence in the course of certain dermatological disorders. A meaning of natural moisturizing factor, lipid barrier as well as epidermal differentiation processes in the maintenance of the proper skin moisturization is described. The importance of topical treatment...

Androgenetic alopecia is a fairly common disorder which causes serious aesthetic and psychological problems. The paper discusses the etiology, diagnostics and possible treatment of androgenetic alopecia in women. Preparations for both general and external use in treatment of this dermatosis have been presented herein.