Adam Collin

Università degli Studi del Sannio | UniSannio · Department of Engineering (DING)

The integration of low carbon technologies and more efficient power system operation are key components in the transition to a sustainable future. To support this, power system operators are leveraging data from an ever-expanding network of sensors. Due to their ability to measure several different physical parameters, fiber optic sensors are recog...

The ongoing integration of new power electronic interfaces is increasing emissions in the frequency range between 2 and 150 kHz. This paper considers the emission assessment from 0 to 150 kHz of the switch-mode power factor correction converter topologies widely utilised in modern single-phase loads. First, experimental analysis of a load constitut...

The secure operation of the transmission grid is of primary importance for any power system operator. However, the introduction of new technologies, market deregulation, and increasing levels of interconnectivity have made the analysis and assessment of power system security both more challenging and essential than ever. In this context, data-drive...

This paper proposes a novel data-driven algorithm for measurement-based coherency detection in power systems, which is based on Monte Carlo Consensus Clustering (M3C). Unlike the clustering techniques conventionally adopted for coherency detection, M3C automatically identifies the optimal and stable number of coherent groups, despite the time-varyi...

Presented at IREP 2022: 2022 IREP Bulk Power System Dynamics and Control Symposium

This paper explores the effectiveness of data-driven models to predict voltage excursion events in power systems using simple categorical labels. By treating the prediction as a categorical classification task, the workflow is characterized by a low computational and data burden. A proof-of-concept case study on a real portion of the Italian 150 kV...

The frequency of power outages being experienced in Sub-Saharan Africa mean that traditional methods of electricity demand forecasting which rely on directly observed demand data are inadequate for use in projections. Nevertheless, accurate forecasting methods are urgently required to ensure efficient power system operations and expansion planning....

A standardized measurement procedure and source specification for laboratory high frequency (HF, 2-150 kHz) emissions tests of low-voltage (LV) electronic equipment is still in development. To date, emissions have been measured by direct supply from the Mains network or a controllable Power Source (PS), but both methods are known to interfere with...

Light emitting diode (LED) lamps are now an established lighting technology, which is becoming prevalent in all load sectors. However, LED lamps are non-linear electrical loads, and their impact on distribution system voltage quality must be evaluated. This paper provides a detailed analysis of time domain and frequency domain approaches for develo...

Variability in the predicted cost of energy of an ocean energy converter array is more substantial than for other forms of energy generation, due to the combined stochastic action of weather conditions and failures. If the variability is great enough, then this may influence future financial decisions. This paper provides the unique contribution of...

According to current energy efficiency labels, the majority of LED lamps on the market are considered as highly efficient devices. This makes it difficult to distinguish between lamps with different operational characteristics and performance. This paper introduces a comprehensive experimental-based labelling methodology for comparing LED lamp perf...

With the proliferation of harmonic sources in power systems, current transformers (CTs), which are the most widely used current transducers in power systems, will have to measure and monitor signals with increasing levels of distortion. The accuracy of the measurement can be affected by the nonlinear response of the CT, which is dependent on the di...

Assessing high frequency (HF) distortion in power systems is a new challenge in the framework of in-situ power quality monitoring. The IEC suggests the use of a high-pass filter in the measurement chain, which can be analog (with a dedicated channel for HF assessment) or integrated in its digital form into the signal processing stage, in order to r...

—Assessing distortion within the IEC framework in the presence of high frequency (HF) components is considered in this paper from the perspective of signal processing. To reduce uncertainty when assessing HF distortion, the IEC suggests the use of a high-pass filter, which can be analogue (with a dedicated channel for HF assessment) or integrated i...

The paper reports on the experimental evaluation and classification of LED lamps for light flicker sensitivity. After the description of the experimental setup designed for tests, a classification based on the driving circuits is proposed. For each class, the circuit description and the Gain Factor (GF) curves versus interharmonic frequencies are r...

This paper investigates the performance of switch-mode power supplies used in desktop PCs (PC-SMPS') across the entire range of operating powers. Experimental results show that at low to medium operating powers, the input ac current might lose its periodicity with supply voltage frequency, when PCS-MPS' can be an unexpected source of interharmonics...

This paper presents a review of the main electrical components that are expected to be present in marine renewable energy arrays. The review is put in context by appraising the current needs of the industry and identifying the key components required in both device and array-scale developments. For each component, electrical, mechanical and cost co...

This paper presents the results of the experimental evaluation of electrical characteristics of 28 LED lamps from 13 different manufacturers. The tested LED lamps are with rated powers in range 3 W-25 W and are available on the EU market for use in typical residential lighting applications. Presented results confirm significant differences in elect...

Continuous increase of numbers of various modern power electronic (PE) devices requires careful investigation of their impact on both operation of distribution networks and other connected equipment. This paper discusses typical harmonic models and modelling techniques, using as examples electric vehicle battery charger (EVBC) and compact fluoresce...

This paper presents results of comprehensive tests of 18 different on-board electric vehicle battery chargers (EVBCs), representing the majority of currently available passenger-car-type EVs in the European market. The presented analysis compares the harmonic characteristics of EVBCs, concentrating on the impact of variations in supply voltage magn...

As a significant increase of electric vehicles (EV) is expected in the future, studies of the impact of this new technology on the harmonic levels in distribution grids are very important. Realistic simulation results require reliable and accurate models of EV chargers, which generally utilize complex circuits including control algorithms for the a...

This paper introduces a techno-economic analysis framework to assess different transmission options for marine energy converter (MEC) farms. On the technical front, the feasibility of the transmission options considering supply quality constraints and the optimal sizing of reactive power compensation to allow maximum real power transfer capability...

A detailed study of the potential impact of low voltage (LV) residential demand-side management (DSM) on the cost and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is presented. The proposed optimisation algorithm is used to shift non-critical residential loads, with the wet load category used as a case study, in order to minimise the total daily cost and emissio...

This paper presents results of experimental and analytical evaluation of power-dependent harmonic emission of three common types of modern low-voltage (LV) power-electronic (PE) devices. After a detailed analysis of comprehensive test results, based on both existing and new waveform distortion indices, the development of component-based models of P...

This paper reviews typical circuit topologies and control algorithms for on-board unidirectional single-phase electric vehicle battery chargers (EVBCs) and provides simple yet reasonably accurate component-based models for their representation for power system analysis. The accuracy of the developed models is validated against measurements of actua...

This paper presents a simulation tool for the design and analysis of offshore ocean energy array networks. The tool integrates a number of modules which are divided into two core functions: the automation of the cable laying algorithm and subsequent creation of the network model, and the other performing the power flow analysis. The results of the...

This paper applies optimal power flow (OPF) to evaluate and maximize network benefits of demand-side management (DSM). The benefits are quantified in terms of the ability of demand-responsive loads to relieve upstream network constraints and provide ancillary services, such as operating reserve. The study incorporates detailed information on the lo...

Modern compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) are reported to have very high levels of current total harmonic distortion, which may have strong negative impact on the quality of supply in distribution networks. This paper demonstrates how a novel circuit-based modelling approach can be used to investigate and quantify the effect of cancellation of harmon...

Increasing numbers of various power electronic equipment, used both as passive devices (e.g. front-end rectifier loads) and as active devices (e.g. inverter-interfaced generation), is one of the main contributing factors to the higher harmonic distortion levels in low voltage distribution networks. The analysis and results presented in this paper d...

This paper presents and discusses some initial results of the measurement and assessment of the harmonic characteristics of electric vehicle (EV) chargers and photovoltaic (PV) inverters, which are tested individually and when connected in different combinations to the same phase of a programmable three-phase LV supply in the laboratory. The range...

This paper presents a component-based modelling approach for developing time-varying harmonic current injection models of the residential load sector. Some initial results of the model are also presented to demonstrate the temporal variations in low-voltage (LV) residential harmonics. The level of detail afforded by the model is illustrated using t...

The paper presents a detailed study of the potential impact on the cost and greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) through low voltage (LV) residential demand-side management (DSM). The proposed optimisation algorithm is used to shift non-critical residential loads, with the wet load category used as a case study, in order to minimise the total daily cost...

Over the last several years, there has been a renewed interest in both industry and academia for load modelling due to appearance of new types of loads, offering increased efficiency and controllability. Different types of modern non-linear power electronic loads are now responsible for a significant part of the total demand in almost all load sect...

Although power system load modelling is a mature research area, there is a renewed interest in updating available load models and formulating improved load modelling methodologies. The main drivers of this interest are the introduction of new types of non-conventional (e.g. power electronic interfaced) loads, the requirement to operate power supply...

This paper, which is the second part of a two-part series, considers the influence of distributed energy resource functionalities on reliability performance of active networks. The reliability and network equivalent models defined in the Part 1 paper are used to assess the potential improvements that different demand-side management and energy stor...

This paper, which is part one of a two-part series, presents a general methodology for reducing system complexity by calculating the electrical and reliability equivalent models of low and medium voltage distribution networks. These equivalent models help to reduce calculation times while preserving the accuracy assessment of power system reliabili...

This article presents a comprehensive statistical analysis of data obtained from a wide range of literature on the most widely used appliances in the UK residential load sector, as well as a comprehensive technology and market survey conducted by the authors. The article focuses on the individual appliances and begins by consideration of the electr...

This paper presents a comprehensive statistical review of data obtained from a wide range of literature on the most widely used electrical appliances in the UK residential load sector. It focuses on individual appliances and begins by consideration of the electrical operations performed by the load. This approach allows for the loads to be categori...

Reducing peak system demand is generally regarded as a crucial step in deferring investment in electricity networks and improving overall performance. Several utilities have explored the used of voltage control for peak reduction but the results are inconclusive. This paper presents results of an ongoing study of the potential of voltage control fo...

This paper presents a Markov chain approach for developing low-voltage (LV) residential load models for use in the analysis of future smart grids. The motivation is to obtain a better understanding of load use and user behaviour at the LV level which will allow future electricity network performance to be improved by understanding the impact of ene...

To fully assess the impact of possible demand-side management (DSM) actions on a system-wide scale, detailed low-voltage (LV) load models are required. This paper describes the development of a flexible, bottom-up approached profiling tool that transforms user activity profiles into load models. That will allow studying the grid and the influence o...

This paper discusses possible benefits of coordinated deployment of renewable-based micro-generation (MG) systems and energy storage schemes on reliability performance of distribution networks. Particular attention is given to continuity of supply of low voltage residential customers and potential scenarios to improve service quality by reducing th...

This paper presents a general methodology for a more accurate assessment of performance of networks with a high penetration of wind-based energy generation and fully enabled responsive demand capabilities. The presented methodology allows to include in the analysis wind-based generation at all scales of implementation, starting from highly disperse...

This paper, which is part one of a two-part series, analyses the influence of demand-side management (DSM) on the overall performance of distribution networks, particularly with respect to the quality of supply of low-voltage residential customers. The paper uses detailed network configurations and load models to assess changes in active/reactive p...

This paper, which is the second part of a two-part series, considers the influence of microgeneration technologies on the overall network performance and quality of supply of low-voltage residential customers in future “smart grids”. The paper uses the network models and demand-side management (DSM) scenarios developed in the Part 1 paper to furthe...

The paper discusses possible impact of demand-side management (DSM) functionalities on the improvement of reliability performance and formulation of novel reliability assessment procedures of future electricity networks (so called “smart grids”). Firstly, traditionally used continuity of supply metrics and indices are assessed for a given reliabili...

This paper presents simple equivalent models of electric vehicle (EV) chargers, based on the measurements of a range of actual EVs. The developed models of the EV chargers are capable of correctly reproducing instantaneous input current waveforms, retaining all relevant electrical characteristics, including harmonic content. To analyse the effects...

This paper, which is part one of a two-part series, presents a general methodology for the development of improved aggregate load models for steady state power system analysis. Using the UK residential load sector as an example, the paper shows how component-based low voltage (LV) aggregate load models can be obtained using measurements, statistica...

This paper is part two of a two-part series on the development of improved aggregate load models for steady state power system analysis. Part one paper presented a general methodology for building component-based low voltage (LV) aggregate load models from statistical information on load structure and measurements of active/reactive power demands....

All relevant studies indicate that future electricity networks will see a significant increase in renewable-based distributed generation (DG) and much wider application of load management and intelligent network technologies. The impact of DG and demand-side actions is direct and easily observed in the distribution networks. Their effects on transm...

Correct modelling of renewable-based generation technologies implemented in urban areas is not a simple task, as it requires an adequate representation of highly dispersed and uncontrolled generation systems, which are small in size, but high in numbers, and usually experience large variations in available renewable energy inputs. This paper presen...

Aggregate load models traditionally used for steady state analysis of power systems are based on standard constant impedance/current/power representation of static load component, with induction motor representation of dynamic load component. These traditional load models cannot accurately represent characteristics of non-linear power electronic lo...

Switch-mode power supplies (SMPS) are one of the most common category of loads, typically found in large numbers in modern power supply systems. These devices usually draw non-linear current and are, therefore, significant sources of harmonics. Although it is well known that the presence of harmonics will result in negative effects (e.g. higher the...