Abhinandan Surgonda Patil

Agharkar Research Institute · Genetics and Plant Breeding Group

Aim: Genetic engineering of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) via the genes encoding for the coat protein (CP gene) of a Tobacco streak virus(TSV) and nucleocapsid protein (NC gene) of a Peanut bud necrosis virus(PBNV) were used to impart concurrent resistance against the stem and bud necrosis diseases. The main objective of this study was to determine...

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is known to be sensitive to genotype-by-environment interaction (GEI) effects. While previous studies have reported strong GEI effects on peanut yield, most of those studies involved a relatively small number of unrelated genotypes. We examined the extent of GEI effects in elite Virginia-type peanut using a large popul...

Background Pod constriction is an important descriptive and agronomic trait of peanut. For the in-shell Virginia marketing-type, this trait has commercial importance as well, since deeply constricted pods have a tendency to break, which makes them unmarketable. Classical genetic studies have indicated that pod constriction in peanut is controlled b...

The orientation of fruits is a distinguishing morphological feature of pepper (Capsicum spp.) varieties. The pendent (downward curved) growth of the fruit stalks, known as pedicels, is highly correlated with fruit weight and pedicel length. A previous genetic analysis revealed that the pendent fruit orientation is governed by a dominant gene, and i...

High levels of soil salinity inhibit the growth of legumes such as soybeans, significantly reducing their productivity. This research aimed to assess the salt tolerance of soybean genotypes by evaluating seed germination at varying salt concentrations (100 mM, 150 mM, and 200 mM NaCl) from two seed source locations. A total of 198 soybean genotypes...

Linseed oil is extracted for both industrial and culinary purposes, and it has gained recognition as a valuable nutraceutical due to its high content of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), an omega-3 fatty acid. The ALA content in linseed oil ranges from 34.1% to 63.0%. However, the high concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly ALA, makes...

Finger millet (Eleusine coracana L. Gaertn) is a food and feed crop for semi-arid regions. The crop is suitable for dry and hot environments, and it yields well even with minimal inputs. Its nutritional composition ranks higher than maize. Limited research studies have been done to improve the crop's productivity and even to breed sustainable finge...

Background Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) belongs to an exceptional group of legume plants, wherein the flowers are produced aerially, but the pods develop under the ground. In such a unique environment, the pod’s outer shell plays a vital role as a barrier against mechanical damage and soilborne pathogens. Recent studies have reported the uniqueness...

All modern pepper accessions are products of the domestication of wild Capsicum species. However, due to the limited availability of genome-wide association study (GWAS) data and selection signatures for various traits, domestication-related genes have not been identified in pepper. Here, to address this problem, we obtained data for major fruit-re...

Phytophthora capsici (Leon.) is a globally prevalent, devastating oomycete pathogen that causes root rot in pepper (Capsicum annuum). Several studies have identified quantitative trait loci (QTL) underlying resistance to P. capsici root rot (PcRR). However, breeding for pepper cultivars resistant to PcRR remains challenging due to the complexity of...

Plant height (PH) and habit (PHa) are important plant architectural traits that can influence photosynthetic efficiency, early maturity, lodging resistance and yield performance of pepper (Capsicum spp.) plants. Here, we constructed a genetic map based on 116 F2 plants from a cross between Ca. annuum ‘Jeju’ and ‘Micropep Red’ to identify the PH and...

Three omics are derived from the field of biochemistry and involves the analysis of small-molecule metabolites and polymers such as nucleic acid, protein, starch. Although this field is relatively new, there have been significant recent advances and there is scope for many direct applications in plant biotechnology. Metabolomics might be considered...

Mango quarantine is based mainly on heat treatment, with a possible deterioration of fruit quality. We studied the efects of cold quarantine (19 days storage at 2°C) on fruit quality of commercial mango cvs. Keitt and Shelly for three consecutive years. Chilling injury (CI) occurs in mango fruit stored at temperatures lower than 12°C. By reanalysin...

Improving seed quality traits is one of the most important goals in peanut breeding. Since many of these traits are relatively difficult to phenotype, an alternative indirect selection by markers is needed. Yet, peanut has very low degree of polymorphism especially among cultivated varieties that hindered the development of mapping tools. The aim o...

Despite the many genes that have been identified in association with drought stress, much of the data is descriptive, with the functions of only a few of the encoded proteins established. The production of mutants using an antisense- RNA approach is a powerful technique that should continue to elucidate certain aspects of stress tolerance, but it h...

Branching habit is an important descriptive and agronomic character of peanut. Yet, both the inheritance and the genetic mechanism that control this trait are not clear. In addition, the low degree of polymorphism among cultivated peanut varieties hinders fine-mapping of this and other traits in non-homozygous genetic structures. Recently we report...

The growth habit of lateral shoots (also termed “branching habit”) is an important descriptive and agronomic character of peanut. Yet, both the inheritance of branching habit and the genetic mechanism that controls it in this crop remain unclear. In addition, the low degree of polymorphism among cultivated peanut varieties hinders fine-mapping of t...

List of the 34 hypothetical SNPs with the highest (>10) BFR. The table indicates the location of the SNP, the change of the nucleotide and the statistic score for the change. Also, the table presents further Sanger sequencing analysis of six SNPs with high BFR ratio. For this, six F2 individual plants were sampled, from which three spreading (green...

Heterosis and combining ability experiment in castor were carried in thirty nine crosses combinations along with their three females, thirteen males and one check hybrid (GCH). Among hybrids, thirteen hybrids exhibited significant positive heterobeltiosis for seed yield, of these best three heterotic hybrids in order were SKP 84 × PCS 124 (112.85 p...

Thirty Desmodium gangeticum (L.) DC. accessions were evaluated for genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance for four yield attributing traits collected from different parts of India. The analysis of variance for mean squares for different characters was found to be highly significant for most of the characters under study except for la...

In the in-shell peanut market, end user favors the bright yellow shells quality of peanuts grown in sandy soils. Expanding cultivation to areas with heavier soils, though, usually results in a less desirable brown tint that reduces crop marketability. We evaluated a collection of 97 genotypes for shell color when grown in sandy or red soils and ide...

The present work has been carried out with the major objectives to characterize marker free transgenic groundnut plants for integration, expression and inheritance of coat protein gene of TSV and nucleocapsid gene of PBNV and to evaluate the transgenic plants for resistance to TSV and PBNV under glasshouse conditions. The experimental transgenic te...

A transformation protocol was optimized using Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 harbouring the binary plasmid vector pBI121 which contains the npt II (neomycin phosphotransferase) and β-glucoronidase (uidA) or gus gene under the control of cauliflower mosaic virus 35S (CaMV35S) promoter. The hypocotyl of explants were placed on selection med...

The effect of storage periods on quality of chickpea seeds was studied under laboratory condition of Seed Science and Technology, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh. Fresh seeds of three chickpea genotypes; GG 1, GJG 3 and GG 4 were sun dried to bring the moisture content to around 10 to 12 per cent and stored in different containers. The o...

A laboratory experiment was conducted in factorial completely randomized design with four repetitions in the Laboratory of Seed Science and Technology, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh from 22th April to 2nd December, 2013 to study the effect of different seed treatments on seed quality in chickpea [CicerarietinumL.] during three storage...

Bitterness has been reported in about 90 of the approximately 825 known species of the Cucurbitaceae. Bitterness is preferred by consumers in case of bitter gourd, but it is not favored in case of cucumber, summer squash etc. Cucurbitaceous vegetables are important because they are good source of carbohydrate and fiber. They have medicinal property...

In the present investigation 58 Spanish bunch groundnut genotypes were used for variability studies in 16 plant characters. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the genotypes for all the characters studied. Maximum broad sense heritability was recorded for days to 50% flowering (97.1% (S1), 97.3% (S2), 98.0% (S3) followed by...

Eleven genotypes of finger millet were evaluated with respect to genetic variability for the yield and contributing traits in three environments. There were significant differences among the genotypes with regard to all of the traits in each of the three environments. In the present study values of phenotypic coefficients of variability were greate...

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is an important oil seed crop of the world. Information on diversity for different traits of different species had an immense value in the genetic improvement of cultivated safflower. The experimental materials for morphological characterization consisting of three species viz., Carthamus lanatus, Carthamus glacu...

Groundnut is used for confectionery purpose, besides high yield and large kernels, seed with lower oil and higher protein and sucrose contents are preferred. Oil content is usually associated with lower yields. Breeding efforts will be required to break this negative association. Technological advances in genetic engineering provide an alternative...

Bacillus thuringiensis is the most successfully used biological control agent for both agriculturally and medically important insects in the orders of Lepidoptera, Diptera and Coleoptera. Prolonged application of Bt formulations and planting of Bt transgenic plants has been created the threat of evolution of Bt resistance in field insect population...

The experiments were taken up at three different dates of sowing of the year 2010-2011 viz. two summer season dates i.e., 3 rd February and 23 rd February (E 1 , E 2) and one kharif season date i.e., 1 st June (E 3) for stability analysis on 58 Spanish bunch groundnut genotypes for 16 plant characters. The material was evaluated in randomized block...

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L) is an important oil seed crop of the world. Information on diversity for different traits of different species had an immense value in the genetic improvement of cultivated safflower. The experimental materials for morphological characterization consisting of 3 species viz., C. palaestanius, C. creticus and C. tin...

ABSTRACT: The Bt brinjal is a suite of transgenic Brinjals created by inserting a crystal protein gene (Cry1Ac) from the soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis into the genome of various brinjal cultivars. The dispute over Bt Brinjal still continues and a proper decision has not yet been reached neither by the Ministry of Environment and Forests...

Helicoverpa armigera is one of the most devasting agricultural pests. Due to its polyphagous nature, it causes major loss in various economically important crop plants. To control the H. armigera use of defensive mechanism is one of the most evolving and promising approaches. Use of Proteinase Inhibitor (PI) in transgenic technology has put new dim...

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the genetic diversity in gluten subunits and protein content in seed endosperm of wheat for nutritional grading of 17 advanced varietal lines of wheat using SDS-PAGE, which is useful for agricultural development regarding quality food stuffs and breeding purposes. After calculating the standard factor in...

Moringa is an old-world dry tropical plant genus with great food, horticultural, industrial, and pharmaceutical potential. The present study is conducted at laboratory of Plant Tissue Culture, Department of Olericulture, College of Horticulture, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur. The KAU has recently released the “Anupama” a high yielding cu...

In the present investigation entitled “estimation of variability and stability parameters for yield and component traits in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)”, the information regarding variability and stability was obtained for 16 plant characters including yield and component traits in groundnut. The material for present study comprised of 58 spani...