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Introduction
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Publications
Publications (236)
In an open randomized controlled trial, we compared one vial (10 mL) to two vials (20 mL) of EchiTAb-plus-ICP (EPI) antivenom among children with systemic carpet viper ( Echis romani ) envenoming of moderate severity in northeastern Nigeria. Systemic envenoming, presenting with incoagulable blood, was diagnosed using the 20-minute whole blood clott...
HIV infection continues to be a major public health issue, with significant morbidity and mortality especially in resource poor areas. Infection with HIV results in an increased risk of opportunistic infections and other complications, which may lead to hospital admission and death. Morbidity and mortality patterns among hospitalized persons living...
Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a disease that primarily affects Black African women. The history of peripartum cardiac failure in Africa dates to the 1960s, before the availability of echocardiography. With the availability of echocardiography in the late 1970s, studies on well-characterized PPCM began to be reported. To date, there is no popu...
Snakebite envenoming is a neglected tropical disease that causes >100,000 deaths and >400,000 cases of morbidity annually. Despite the use of mouse models, severe local envenoming, defined by morbidity-causing local tissue necrosis, remains poorly understood, and human-tissue responses are ill-defined. Here, for the first time, an ex vivo, non-perf...
The African meningitis belt (AMB) countries experience recurring epidemics of \textit{Neisseria meningitidis} (Nm) meningococcal meningitis. This study presents a Susceptible-Carrier-Infected-Recovered (SCIR)-based dynamic model to analyze Nm transmission dynamics in this region, incorporating the impact of pentavalent vaccines. The model serves as...
Background
Progress in snakebite envenoming (SBE) therapeutics has suffered from a critical lack of data on the research and development (R&D) landscape. A database characterising this information would be a powerful tool for coordinating and accelerating SBE R&D. To address this need, we aimed to identify and categorise all active investigational...
A mechanistic model that incorporates public health enlightenment, treatment, and snake developmental stages is developed and rigorously analyzed. The model is used to gain more insights into the dynamics and control of snakebite envenoming (SBE). Some interesting equilibrium points that demonstrate the presence and absence of snakes in a given pop...
Snakebite envenoming is a debilitating neglected tropical disease disproportionately affecting the rural poor in low and middle-income countries in the tropics and sub-tropics. Critical questions and gaps in public health and policy need to be addressed if major progress is to be made towards reducing the negative impact of snakebite, particularly...
Snakebite is a major public health problem with an estimated global burden of 5 million people per annum. Data on snakebite envenoming in children are very limited and is unclear whether there is a significant difference in severity between adults and children. We therefore conducted a meta-analysis of observational studies on snakebite in children...
Résumé
Contexte
Les essais cliniques sur les morsures de serpent ont souvent utilisé des critères de décision hétérogènes qui demandent à être standardisés.
Méthode
Un groupe d'acteurs clés mondialement représentatifs s'est réuni pour parvenir à un consensus sur un jeu universel de critères de décision de base. Les domaines d'intérêt et les instr...
Conventional polyclonal antibody antivenoms are the mainstay of snakebite therapy. They have not been proven to be efficacious in randomized placebo controlled clinical trials among severely envenomed patients. There is also paucity of evidence on effectiveness especially in routine use. The current study evaluated their effectiveness in post marke...
Introduction
Envenoming by Echis spp. (carpet or saw-scaled vipers) causes haemorrhage and coagulopathy and represents a significant proportion of snakebites in the savannah regions of West Africa. Early diagnosis of envenoming is crucial in the management of these patients and there is limited evidence on the utility of the 20-minute whole blood c...
Snakebite envenoming is a major global public health problem and disproportionately affects children. To study the differences in clinical presentation and outcomes between children and adults, 2922 snakebite patients of whom 30.3% were children were analysed. Most bites (>75%) were in the lower. Features of local envenoming were commoner among chi...
In Africa, pastoral populations face several underrecognized health issues. The livelihoods of pastoralists revolve around possession of livestock and they are constantly moving in search of water and pasturage. They are predisposed to chronic zoonotic infections but may also suffer from non-acute non-zoonotic cosmopolitan infectious and non-infect...
Background:
Given the lack of studies on snakebite envenoming knowledge in the general population, we examined the lifetime prevalence of snakebite and knowledge of snakebite and its prevention and first aid among recent Nigerian graduates in national service.
Methods:
This questionnaire-based cross-sectional study involved 351 consenting nation...
The role of epidemiologic and spatiotemporal factors affecting access to care among snakebite patients in Nigeria are determined. In 2021 a total of 2,942 snakebite patients were prospectively studied at four designated Health Facilities for Managing Snakebites (HFMS). The patients came from 94 Local Government Areas (LGAs) in 12 states in northern...
Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has emerged as an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.
The aim of this study is to identify the clinical predictors of mortality among patients with COVID-19 pneumonia during first and second waves in a treatment center in northwestern Nigeria.
Methods
This was a retrospective cohort...
Snakebite clinical trials have often used heterogeneous outcome measures and there is an urgent need for standardisation. A globally representative group of key stakeholders came together to reach consensus on a globally relevant set of core outcome measurements. Outcome domains and outcome measurement instruments were identified through searching...
Africa remains one of the regions with the highest incident and burden of snakebite. The goal of the World Health Organization to halve the global burden of snakebite by 2030 can only be achieved if sub-optimal access to antivenoms in the most affected regions is addressed. We identified upstream, midstream, and downstream factors along the antiven...
The 20 min Whole Blood Clotting Test (20WBCT) was evaluated in 1541 snakebite patients at 3 hospitals in Nigeria. It was useful in detection, monitoring, guiding antivenom therapy and prognostication of coagulopathy, with initial sensitivity of 84.7% (95%CI:82.7-86.5%) and specificity of 64.3% (95%CI:50.4-76.7%) compared to clinical envenoming. It...
Background: Since the emergence of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), many countries have experienced at
least three wave patterns of the pandemic. The aim of our study is to compare the characteristics, and disease severity
during the first and second waves of the pandemic in Kano, North-West Nigeria.
Methods: This was a retrospective cohor...
Monkeypox virus (MPXV) continues to pose severe threats to global public health, especially in non-endemic areas. Like all other regions, Africa faces potential public health crises due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and other infectious disease outbreaks (such as Lassa fever and malaria) that have devastated the region and overwhelmed the health...
Snakebite envenoming is an acute medical emergency which affects hundreds of thousands of people worldwide, primarily in remote rural areas of low-and middle income countries in the Global South. A considerable proportion of snakebite patients turn to traditional healers (THs) for help, driven by a number of push and pull factors. These include soc...
Background:
Staphylococcus aureus is a cosmopolitan and pathogenic microorganism associated with various diseases spectra and antimicrobial resistance of public health importance.
Aim:
This study determined the phenotypic characteristics of S. aureus isolated from patients in healthcare institutions in Zaria metropolis.
Study design:
A cross-s...
Importance:
The global impact of COVID-19 has led to an increased need to continuously assess disease surveillance tools. The utility of SARS-CoV-2 serologic tools in determining immunity levels across different age groups and locations in helping to quickly assess the burden of COVID-19 with significant health policy implications is unknown.
Obj...
Background: The emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 has raised questions, especially with regards to the socioeconomic, geographic, and public health factors driving the pandemic. We studied the socioeconomic, geographic, and public health factors driving the pandemic using country level data.
Methods...
Cobra is a common snake throughout Africa and Asia, however, there are few literatures reporting neurotoxic cobra bite from Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), including Northern Nigeria. Here, we report 3 cases that were bitten by cobra in the savannah region of Nigeria. All the 3 cases presented with features of severe neurotoxic envenomation: generalized...
Abstract
Background: Staphyloccocus aureus is an important global bacterial
pathogen causing a wide spectrum of hospital and community-acquired
infections. It has been a challenge for clinicians for more than half a
century because of its multidrug resistance. This study assessed the
molecular characteristics of Staphyloccocus aureus isolated from...
In this paper, we develop an in-host mathematical model of snakebite envenoming that includes tissue, red blood and platelet cells of humans as specific targets of different kinds of toxins in the snake venom. The model is use to study some harmful effects of cytotoxic and hemotoxic snake venom on their target cells under the influence of snake ant...
Background
Mycobacterium tuberculosis with resistance to first line and second line anti tuberculous drugs is a serious setback in the treatment of tuberculosis (TB). The COVID-19 pandemic constitutes a serious threat that could unwind the recent gains made thus far in the control of tuberculosis. This study aims to explore the pattern of drug resi...
As the COVID-19 pandemic poses serious threats to global public health, Nigeria faces a potential public health crisis owing to COVID-19 and other infectious diseases, such as Lassa fever (LF) and malaria. In this study, we discuss the possible determinants behind the decreased number of LF cases in Nigeria, which was likely due to the synergistic...
Background:
The COVID-19 pandemic poses serious threats to public health globally, and the emerging mutations in SARS-CoV-2 genomes has become one of the major challenges of disease control. In the second epidemic wave in Nigeria, the roles of co-circulating SARS-CoV-2 Alpha (ie, B.1.1.7) and Eta (ie, B.1.525) variants in contributing to the epide...
Despite universal immunization coverage on a global scale among children, the vast majority of immunocompromised adults, and particularly the elderly, remain unvaccinated. Considering that a significant proportion of mortality from pneumococcal disease occurs among the elderly, preventive measures through pneumococcal vaccination in adults, especia...
Access to safe, effective, quality-assured antivenom products that are tailored to endemic venomous snake species is a crucial component of recent coordinated efforts to reduce the global burden of snakebite envenoming. Multiple access barriers may affect the journey of antivenoms from manufacturers to the bedsides of patients. Our review describes...
Introduction
The COVID-19 pandemic continues to overwhelm health systems across the globe. We aimed to assess the readiness of hospitals in Nigeria to respond to the COVID-19 outbreak.
Method
Between April and October 2020, hospital representatives completed a modified World Health Organisation (WHO) COVID-19 hospital readiness checklist consistin...
A mathematical model is designed to assess the impact of some interventional strategies for curtailing the burden of snakebite envenoming in a community. The model is fitted with real data set. Numerical simulations have shown that public health awareness of the susceptible individuals on snakebite preventive measures could reduce the number of env...
Background
Adverse reactions to antivenom considerably complicate the clinical management of snakebite envenomed patients because it necessitates a temporary suspension of life-saving antivenom, increases costs and can compromise patient outcomes. This study sought to explore the association between cattle-herding occupation and ethnic group and th...
Snakebite envenoming is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in rural communities throughout the tropics. Generally, the main clinical features of snakebites are local swelling, tissue necrosis, shock, spontaneous systemic hemorrhage, incoagulable blood, paralysis, rhabdomyolysis, and acute kidney injury. These clinical manifestations result fr...
Background:
The emergence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DRTB) has continued to pose a threat to public health in sub-Saharan Africa and globally. Despite the high burden of tuberculosis (TB) in Nigeria, there are paucity of data on the safety and efficacy of newer agents and repurposed drugs used in the treatment of DRTB.
Methods:
This prospec...
Abdulhameed, Yunus A.Habib, Abdulrazaq G.McClintock, Peter V. E.Stefanovska, AnetaWe show how a non-autonomousNon-autonomousdynamicsDynamical system, non-autonomous approach using time-resolved analyses of power spectra and phase coherencePhase coherence can help in the noninvasive diagnosis of malaria. The work is based on studying oscillationsOsc...
Snakebite envenoming is a neglected tropical disease that predominantly affects impoverished rural communities in sub-Saharan Africa, Asia, and Latin America. The global efforts to reduce the impact of this disease must consider the local national contexts and, therefore, comparative studies on envenomings in different countries are necessary to id...
Background:
As part of the Global Action Plan against antimicrobial resistance (AMR), countries are required to generate local evidence to inform context-specific implementation of national action plans against AMR (NAPAR). We aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) regarding antibiotic prescriptions (APR) and AMR among physi...
Nursing staff has a significant role to play in the control of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) through infection control and patient education. We studied the knowledge of nurses on AMR for purpose of planning AMR control efforts. A cross-sectional study was conducted between 21 st June and 30 th July 2017, among nurses working at Federal Medical Ce...
Nigeria, with a population of over 190 million people, is rated among the 10 countries with the highest burden of infectious and zoonotic diseases globally. In Nigeria, there exist a sub-optimal surveillance system to monitor and track priority zoonoses. We therefore conducted a prioritization of zoonotic diseases for the first time in Nigeria to g...
Background: Considerable success has been recorded in the global fight against the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Retention in care is the key to the attainment of set goals in the fight against the disease. We aim to determine the factors associated with loss to follow-up (LTFU) among people livin...
Background
As part of the Global Action Plan against antimicrobial resistance (AMR), countries are required to generate local evidence to inform context-specific implementation of national action plans against AMR (NAPAR). We aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) regarding antibiotic prescriptions (APR) and AMR among physici...
Background
A pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged and affected most of the world in early 2020. To inform effective public health measures we conducted a knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) survey among a Hausa Muslim society in Nigeria in March 2020.
Methods
The study is an analytic cross-sectional survey with questionnaires...
Background:
Since the first case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Africa was detected on February 14, 2020, the cumulative confirmations reached 15 207 including 831 deaths by April 13, 2020. Africa has been described as one of the most vulnerable region with the COVID-19 infection during the initial phase of the outbreak, due to the fact...
Snakebite in children can often be severe or potentially fatal, owing to the lower volume of distribution relative to the amount of venom injected, and there is potential for long-term sequelae. In the second of a two paper series, we describe the pathophysiology of snakebite envenoming including the local and systemic effects. We also describe the...
Snakebite disproportionally affects children living in impoverished rural communities. The WHO has recently reinstated snakebites on its list of Neglected Tropical Diseases and launched a comprehensive Strategy for the Prevention and Control of Snakebite Envenoming. In the first of a two paper series, we describe the epidemiology, socioeconomic imp...
Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious disease of public health concern, mainly in low- and middle-income countries. Most of these countries have challenges in diagnosis and treatment of TB in people with smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis (SNPTB), which remains a significant public health challenge because of the global burden of the disease. We evalua...
Global pandemics call for large and diverse healthcare data to study various risk factors, treatment options, and disease progression patterns. Despite the enormous efforts of many large data consortium initiatives, scientific community still lacks a secure and privacy-preserving infrastructure to support auditable data sharing and facilitate autom...
Global pandemics call for large and diverse healthcare data to study various risk factors, treatment options, and disease progression patterns. Despite the enormous efforts of many large data consortium initiatives, the scientific community still lacks a secure and privacy- preserving infrastructure to support auditable data sharing and facilitate...
Background:
There are challenges in the diagnosis of TB in people with smear-negative pulmonary TB (SNPTB) in resource-limited settings. We evaluated the diagnostic usefulness of Xpert MTB/RIF compared with TB culture among SNPTB.
Methods:
The study was a cross-sectional study among patients with SNPTB. The Xpert MTB/RIF tests and sputum culture...
Since the first case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was detected on February 14, 2020, the cumulative confirmations reached 834 including 17 deaths by March 19, 2020. We analyzed the initial phase of the epidemic of COVID-19 in Africa between 1 March and 19 March 2020, by using the simple exponential growth model. We estimated the exponenti...
Background Since the first case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was detected on February 14, 2020, the cumulative confirmations reached 15207 including 831 deaths by April 13, 2020.
Methods We analyzed the initial phase of the epidemic of COVID-19 in Africa between 1 March and 13 April 2020, by using the simple exponential growth model.
Resu...
Background:
Snakebite is a major public health problem among impoverished rural populations causing considerable morbidity and mortality in West Africa. Despite the huge burden of snakebite in this region, psycho-social impairment following snakebite has not been evaluated. In this study, we assessed for features of posttraumatic stress disorder a...
Background
Invasive Staphylococcus aureus infection (ISA) is increasingly being recognized as an important cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. This problem is confounded by the increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant S. aureus . The aim of the study was to describe the clinical presentation and antibiotic susceptibility...
Background:
Available data on antibiotic resistance in sub-Saharan Africa is limited despite its increasing threat to global public health. As there is no previous study on antibiotic resistance in patients with clinical features of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in Sierra Leone, research is needed to inform public health policies. Our st...
Background
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is highly endemic in Nigeria. The primary objective of this study is to describe the knowledge, self-reported vaccination status, and intention of healthcare workers to receive hepatitis B vaccine at a tertiary referral center in conflict-ravaged northeastern Nigeria.
Methods
This was cross-sectional an...