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Publications (132)
Abstract
This chapter focuses on different aspects of fathers’ neglect of children. The chapter discusses the concept of fatherhood and fathering, neglect and abuse, different forms of neglect, rate of neglect in the United States, theoretical perspective of neglect with special focus on neglect as construed in interpersonal acceptance and rejecti...
This chapter contains a brief description of parental acceptance- rejection theory (PARTheory), definitions of the major concepts used in PARTheory, and its basic assumptions, especially the assumptions of the theory's personality subtheory. This chapter also presents an overview of the attachment theory along with a brief comparison of these two t...
The study was designed to explore relationships between gender, cultural orientations, and psychological adjustment of Bangladeshi ethnic minority male and female young adults. The study sample included 412 ethnic minority youth (mean age 22 years, ranging from 18 through 30 years). The sample consisted of 40% female and 60% male, who were taken fr...
This article is an overview of 12 meta-analyses conducted to test the basic postulates of interpersonal acceptance-rejection theory (IPARTheory). These meta-analyses are based on a total of 551 (48% unpublished and 52% published) studies on the theory. The studies were conducted over period of 42 years, from 1975 through 2016. They represent an agg...
Although, historically, researchers have been primarily focusing on the influence of mother love, largely ignoring the influence of father love, on children's developmental outcomes [1], a growing body of research shows that father's love, affection, and care often have as strong or even stronger effects on children's psycho-social development than...
The objectives of this study were to explore the combine effects on children's psychological adjustment and maladjustment of perceived acceptance or rejection by mothers, fathers, and teachers; and also to examine the combine effects on adults' current psychological adjustment and maladjustment of perceived acceptance or rejection by mothers and fa...
Existing documentation on the history of psychology in Bangladesh offers valuable insights but often falls short of providing a comprehensive and current view of the discipline’s progress, prospects, and challenges. This paper addresses these gaps by presenting a thorough, up-to-date overview of the evolution of psychology in Bangladesh, from its o...
This study explored relationships between bicultural attitudes and psychological adjustment of Bangladeshi ethnic-minority youths. The study was conducted on 412 young adults (Mage = 22 years), 40% women and 60% men, from 18 Bangladeshi ethnic subgroups. The Bicultural Attitude Scale (BAS) and Personality Assessment Questionnaire (PAQ) were used as...
Prior multicultural meta-analyses have shown that three of the four individual expressions of parental rejection (viz., coldness/lack of affection, hostility/aggression, and indifference/neglect) tend to be significantly associated with all seven of the personality dispositions most central to interpersonal acceptance-rejection theory (IPARTheory)....
The purpose of this exploratory study was to investigate relationships between bicultural attitudes and psychological adjustment of ethnic-minority youth in Bangladesh. The study was conducted on a sample of 412 young adults (mean age 22 years), consisting of 40% women and 60% men from 18 tribal subgroups in Bangladesh. Results showed that 57% of t...
The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of perceived paternal and maternal acceptance on the bicultural orientations and psychological adjustment of ethnic-minority young adults in Bangladesh. The study was based on a sample of 412 young adults (mean age 22 years), consisting of 40% women and 60% men from 18 tribal subgroups in Banglad...
Based on some concepts and predictions of interpersonal acceptance-rejection theory, this study tested the direct and mediating effects of parental acceptance-rejection, psychological adjustment, academic self-concept, and motivation for learning on academic achievement of Portuguese adolescents. The study sample included 573 students, 257 (45%) gi...
This study examined the relations between remembered childhood parental acceptance-rejection, fear of intimacy, and psychological adjustment in adulthood among Pakistani young, middle, and older adults. The sample consisted of a total of 366 (55.7% females) participants from Gilgit-Baltistan (GB) in Pakistan. Among them 182 were young adults (60.9%...
The objectives of this study were to explore the combine effects on children’s psychological adjustment and maladjustment of
perceived acceptance or rejection by mothers, fathers, and teachers; and also to examine the combine effects on adults’ current
psychological adjustment and maladjustment of perceived acceptance or rejection by mothers and fa...
The objectives of this study were to explore the combine effects on children’s psychological adjustment and maladjustment of perceived acceptance or rejection by mothers, fathers, and teachers; and also to examine the combine effects on adults’ current psychological adjustment and maladjustment of perceived acceptance or rejection by mothers and fa...
This paper presents an overview of changing patterns of family relations, family norms and values, and socio-cultural lives of Bangladeshi immigrant families in new socio-cultural settings in the United States and Canada. The paper specifically focuses on a brief immigration history, basic demographic information, acculturation and identity issues,...
The present study tested whether a set of variables in a hypothesized model derived from Interpersonal Acceptance-Rejection Theory influence academic achievement. More specifically, the study examined the extent to which perceived parental acceptance/rejection [2] contributed to academic performance of Portuguese teenage students. Additionally, the...
This research-based book covers the core components of modern parenting and child development across multi-ethnic and cross-cultural contexts in Asia, Africa, Europe, and North and South America, with a focus on the United States. Parenting and Child Development: Across Ethnicity and Culture is based on a cohesive framework that links physical, psy...
The present study examined relationships between childhood parental acceptance–rejection and the current psychological adjustment and rejection sensitivity of young adult men and women. The study also explored independent effects of childhood parental acceptance–rejection on the current psychological adjustment and rejection sensitivity of young ad...
This study assesses interpersonal acceptance-rejection theory’s (IPARTheory’s) prediction that adults’ (both men’s and women’s) remembrances of parental (both maternal and paternal) rejection in childhood are likely to be associated with adults’ fear of intimacy, as mediated by adults’ psychological maladjustment and relationship anxiety. The study...
Extensive cross-cultural evidence supports the conclusion that children and adults everywhere understand themselves to be cared about (accepted) or not cared about (rejected) by the people most important to them (e.g., parents) in four ways. These four ways include the perception of warmth/affection (or coldness/lack of affection), hostility/aggres...
The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of bicultural attitudes on the psychological adjustment of ethnic-minority adults in Bangladesh. The study was based on a sample of 412 young adults (mean age 22 years), consisting of 40% women and 60% men from 18 tribal subgroups in Bangladesh. Measures used were Bicultural Attitude Scale (BAS)...
This comprehensive research-based book is a next-generation study of intimate relationships that explores implications for health and well-being across cultures, genders, and traditional as well as non-traditional relationships. This book fills the need for a contemporary analysis of intimate relationships and their implications for people's health...
culture should find culturally appropriate ways to communicate love, warmth, and affection. Moreover, parents should avoid behaviors that indicate coldness, hostility/aggression, and indifference/neglect that induce a feeling of rejection in children. 3. Compared to children who feel loved, children who feel unloved are likely to develop a pattern...
This article is an overview of 12 meta-analyses conducted to test the basic postulates of interpersonal acceptance–rejection theory (IPARTheory). These meta-analyses are based on a total of 551 (48% unpublished and 52% published) studies on the theory. The studies were conducted over period of 42 years, from 1975 through 2016. They represent an agg...
Children's perceptions of parental rejection in the forms of indifference, neglect, hostility, and aggression have been found to have negative outcomes on their psychological adjustment and personality development almost universally-regardless of culture, gender, ethnicity, and geographical boundary [1,2]. Perceived parental rejection has been foun...
The purpose of this study was to explore the effects perceived paternal and maternal acceptance on thebicultural orientationsand psychological adjustment of ethnic-minority young adults in Bangladesh. The study was based on a sample of 412 young adults (mean age 22 years), consisting of 40% women and 60% men from 18tribal subgroups in Bangladesh. M...
Purpose of the present study was to address three questions: (1) Is there any relations between perceived maternal and paternal rejection of young adults in childhood, and their current rejection sensitivity, and psychological maladjustment? (2) Do young adults’ perceived maternal and paternal rejection have independent effect on their rejection se...
The purpose of this meta-analysis is to explore relations between children’s perceptions of parental hostility/aggression, and their psychological maladjustment, and negative personality dispositions as postulated in interpersonal acceptance and rejection theory. The meta-analysis was based on 35 studies from 16 countries in four continents involvi...
The purpose of this paper is to report evidence of psychometric properties of two Bicultural Attitude Scales (BASs) developed by the author. The paper provides evidence of the reliability and validity of the two versions of the BAS (i.e., Parents version and Children versions) based on two studies. The first study was conducted on a sample of 66 Ba...
This study tested whether remembrances of parental rejection in childhood predict fear of intimacy in adulthood. A total of 542 university students (56% women) ranging in age from 18 through 28 years participated. Bangla translated measures included adult versions (short forms) of the Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire (PARQ) for mothers a...
Psychometric Properties of a Bicultural Attitude Scale: An Update
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to report evidence of psychometric properties of the Bicultural Attitude Scale (BAC) developed by the author. The paper provides evidence of the reliability and validity of the two versions of the BAC (i.e., Parent version and Children versions...
This comprehensive reference analyzes psychological and anthropological studies concerning child and adolescent development across cultures, digging into often-forgotten topics like street children, child soldiers, and parenting in war-torn countries.
Traditionally, research on child and adolescent development has focused on American youth, inadver...
The purpose of this study was to explore relations between acculturation patterns of mothers and fathers, and parents and children. The sample consisted of 102 children (52 boys and 50 girls) and 204 parents (102 mothers and 102 fathers) drawn from three cities in the Eastern United States. Children ranged in age from nine through 13 years (M = 11...
This cross-cultural meta-analysis is based on 220 studies involving 33,081 respondents from 23 nations across five continents. The study addressed a major question drawn from the basic postulates of interpersonal acceptance–rejection theory (IPARTheory): Is the psychological adjustment of both males and females universally (i.e., panculturally) ass...
The purpose of this study was to measure and compare differential effects of perceived maternal and paternal acceptance of adult sons and adult daughters during childhood on their current psychological adjustment. The sample consisted of 200 young adults (100 males and 100 females) from Bangladesh. Measures used were Adult versions of the Parental...
The present study tested the effects of interparental conflict on adolescents’ psychological adjustment as mediated by cognitive (threat, self-blame, and triangulation) and contextual (maternal and paternal rejection) factors. The sample for this study consisted of 524 high school students (48 % boys and 52 % girls) ranging in age from 11 through 1...
This chapter contains a brief description of parental acceptance-rejection theory (PARTheory), definitions of the major concepts used in PARTheory, and its basic assumptions, especially the assumptions of the theory’s personality sub-theory. It presents an overview of the attachment theory along with a brief comparison of these two theories. Discus...
This cross-cultural meta-analysis tests the contribution of teachers’ and
parents’ acceptance to youth’s psychological adjustment and school
conduct. It is based on nine studies involving 2,422 school-going youth
in 12 nations. The study addressed two questions drawn from one of
the basic postulates of interpersonal acceptance–rejection theory
(IPA...
This article explored the effects of perceived maternal and paternal acceptance, power, and prestige on children's psychological adjustment. The sample consisted of 254 children (59% boys) ages 9 through 12 years (M = 10.88) from Bangladesh. The measures used were the child versions of the Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire for mothers and...
The objective of this meta-analysis is to address three questions drawn from one of the basic postulates of parental acceptance–rejection theory: (1) To what extent is children’s perceptions of parental indifference/neglect related to their psychological maladjustment? (2) To what extent is children’s perceptions of parental indifference/neglect re...
This cross-cultural meta-analysis tests the contribution of teachers’ and parents’ acceptance to youth’s psychological adjustment and school conduct. It is based on nine studies involving 2,422 school-going youth in 12 nations. The study addressed two questions drawn from one of the basic postulates of interpersonal acceptance-rejection theory (IPA...
The ethnographic record shows that children in all societies of the world experience at least three essential elements of parenting from their major caregivers. These include varying degrees and expressions of warmth (acceptance-rejection), behavioral control (permissiveness-strictness), and discipline (e.g., corporal punishment and others). Becaus...
Ronald P. Rohner (b. 1935) is professor emeritus of family studies and anthropology at the University of Connecticut, where he is also director of the Ronald and Nancy Rohner Center for the Study of Interpersonal Acceptance and Rejection.
Keywords:
cross-cultural psychology;
lifespan and development psychology;
parenting
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects on adults' current psychological adjustment of perceived acceptance or rejection by mothers and fathers in childhood and by intimate partners in adulthood. The sample consisted of 1,709 adults (35% male and 65% female), including 1,645 individuals in the multiple acceptance group and 64 in the mu...
This paper explored the effects of perceived maternal and paternal acceptance, power, and prestige on children’s psychological adjustment. The sample consisted of 254 children (59% boys and 41% girls) from Bangladesh. The measures used were the Child versions of the Parental Acceptance and Rejection Questionnaire for Mothers and Fathers, the Parent...
This meta-analysis tests the pancultural generalizability of two central postulates drawn from parental acceptance-rejection theory (PARTheory). The meta-analysis is based on 66 studies involving 19,511 respondents from 22 countries on five continents. All studies used the child and adult versions of the Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaires...
The purpose of this meta-analysis is to address three questions drawn from one of the basic postulates of parental acceptance–rejection theory: (1) To what extent are children’s perceptions of parental warmth related to their psychological adjustment? (2) To what extent are children’s perceptions of parental warmth related to their personality disp...
The research program reported in this article was initiated almost five decades ago in response to claims by Western social scientists that parental love is essential to the healthy social and emotional development of children. After more than two thousand studies, many inspired directly by parental acceptance-rejection theory (PARTheory) described...
Three questions drawn from parental acceptance-rejection theory were addressed: (a) Are children's perceptions of parental acceptance transnationally associated with specific personality dispositions? (b) Are adults' remembrances of parental acceptance in childhood transnationally associated with these personality dispositions? and (c) Do relations...
The present study explored relations among remembered parental (paternal and maternal) acceptance in childhood, spouse acceptance
and psychological adjustment of adults. It also explored whether remembered childhood experiences of parental acceptance mediate
the relation between perceived spouse acceptance and psychological adjustment. The sample c...
Purpose. The purpose of this article is to summarize the rich and growing body of research that draws from parental acceptance-rejection theory (PARTheory) and associated measures as used throughout the Arab world. Methodology. This body of work includes more than 100 studies that explore the reliability and validity of Arabic adaptations of severa...
This study explored relations among perceived acceptance and behavioral control by intimate partners, remembrances of parents’ acceptance and behavioral control in childhood, and adults’ psychological adjustment. The study was conducted on 98 American adults (50 men and 48 women) between ages 18 and 50 (mean 26 years). Measures used were the Adult...
This study explored the relationship between students’ perceptions of their teachers’ and parents’ (mothers’ and fathers’) acceptance, and teachers’ reports of the students’ conduct in school as well as students’ reports of their own psychological adjustment. The study was conducted on a sample of 200 high school students in Bangladesh. Results sho...
This meta-analysis addresses the following questions drawing from parental acceptance-rejection theory (PARTheory): (a) Is perceived rejection by an intimate partner in adulthood associated with the same form of psychological maladjustment that perceived parental rejection is known to be in childhood? (b) Are adults' remembrances of parental accept...
This study explored gender differences in relationships between perceived partner acceptance and psychological adjustment in relation to remembrances of maternal and paternal acceptance in childhood. Eighty-two Japanese adults (58 women and 24 men) responded to five self-report questionnaires. Results of analyses showed that men's psychological adj...
This study explored gender differences in relations among perceived parental (maternal and paternal) acceptance and behavioral control, perceived partner acceptance and behavioral control, and psychological adjustment in 166 university students in Finland. Results showed significant positive correlations between men's and women's psychological adju...
Cette recherche s'est interessee aux relations entre la syndicalisation, les attitudes professionnelles et la satisfaction au travail d'ouvriers. Elle a porte sur cent hommes tires au hasard dans quatre tanneries de Dhaka (Bengladesh); la moitie etaient syndiques. Il est apparu que les non-syndiques presentaient des attitudes plus favorables et eta...
This article summarizes concepts, methods, cross-cultural evidence, and implications of parental acceptance-rejection theory (PARTheory). The theory focuses primarily on parental love—its expressions, impact, and origins. Nearly 2,000 studies in the United States and cross-culturally confirm the widely held belief that children everywhere need acce...
The primary purpose of this study was to explore the relative level of agreement or disagreement between mothers' reports versus children's reports of maternal acceptance-rejection in Finland and Pakistan. Of special interest was the question whether the level of agreement varied significantly in loving families (as defined by children) versus less...
This chapter introduces features of parental acceptance-rejection theory (PARTheory) that can enhance and inform clinical work with couples. The authors describe three questionnaires that clinicians can use to help partners examine their subjective perceptions of the quality of relation-ships they experienced with their mothers and fathers in child...
