Aaron Sidder

Bat Conservation International | BCI · Conservation

Geoengineering approaches such as stratospheric aerosol injection hold the promise of limiting warming, but among the many potential risks and concerns, their impacts on agriculture remain largely unexplored.

Reconstructing past ocean conditions with oxygen isotopes could provide more information about how Earth’s climate evolved over time, but methods for reconstructing these data can yield varying results.

Compound weather events—such as extreme cold or heat combined with severe dryness or precipitation—have a greater effect on wetland methane emissions than discrete weather extremes do.

Climate change is altering permafrost thaw cycles and leading to unique Arctic erosional problems.

A new study highlights the co-occurrence of magnetic bacteria and polymetallic nodules and may offer insights into how the mineral-rich nodules form on the ocean floor.

The greenhouse gas budget developed for Europe highlights carbon sources and sinks across the continent and will serve as a baseline for years to come.

A survey of experts revealed that uncertainty in estimates of global methane levels stems largely from data on fresh water, vegetation, and coastal areas.

A new paper argues that too little consideration of high-impact, low-likelihood events has left us unprepared for the worst of climate change.

As drought becomes a more regular occurrence, a new study looks at the U.S. Drought Monitor, the nation’s preeminent drought classifier, to see how it has reflected climate change since 2000.

The SPRUCE ecosystem in northern Minnesota offered a setting to research exactly how a snowy environment responds to rising temperatures.

The Philippine capital is the latest city to address rampant plastic pollution through a community-guided protocol.

Scientists zero in on a Delaware salt marsh to study what shapes methane emissions in wetland environments.

A new synopsis details how the past 20 years have changed our understanding of soil respiration and revealed its critical effects on the climate system.

Surface heat flux data shed light on conditions deep below Earth’s surface, at a tectonic plate interface where major earthquakes initiate.

A 3D printed model of a fault served as the setting for a hydrofracturing experiment exploring the mechanisms behind slow earthquakes.

Wetland tree stem emissions have emerged as a significant contributor to the global methane budget. A new study tracks how they vary by season, location, and hydrological conditions.

Scientists investigate the importance of a Pacific buoy network in monitoring and predicting the El Ni�o–Southern Oscillation.

New research shows that home flood insurance coverage is often a reactive purchase in response to flooding, while top-down policies that focus on community resilience may offer more robust protection.

The Tibetan Plateau is a major force in the global climate system and a hot spot for climate change. A new review summarizes the state of knowledge and identifies research needs related to the region.

Production of the weak, water-bearing mineral at the interface between the Cocos and North American Plates could contribute to the occurrence of poorly understood episodic tremor and slow slip.

Underrepresented in global carbon budgets, tropical rivers like Brazil’s Tocantins are in need of study to establish their baseline characteristics in the face of increasing global change.

Cooler and saltier than even the water just below it, the ocean skin plays a critical role in ocean-atmosphere gas exchange.

A growing population requires more food and energy, which compete for limited space…unless they don’t.

A global collaboration inventoried greenhouse gas emissions from rivers, lakes, and streams.

A new study investigates iron’s form at the planet’s interior. The findings have repercussions for understanding the inner core’s structure.

Cold surface water in the Southern Ocean is a critical component in ocean carbon uptake. A new study profiles it using state-of-the-art research techniques.

New research reveals that blooms of the widespread gelatinous zooplankton—along with their feces, daily vertical migrations, and carcasses—increase marine carbon export.

Researchers explored the patterns and drivers of variability in fjords linking the Greenland Ice Sheet and the Atlantic Ocean using numerical simulations and in situ observations.

Researchers labeled anthropogenically emitted carbon and tracked it with an ocean circulation model to determine whether it winds up in the sky or sea.

Under the combined stress of growing populations and current warming trends, many African nations will face increasing shortfalls in food production in the coming decades.

Using a global data set of zircon trace elements, new research demonstrates the power of machine learning algorithms to accurately identify and locate porphyry copper deposits.

Hillslopes play a critical role in linking ecosystems. Understanding the forces that drive their connections can help us to better understand adaptation in the face of climate change.

Researchers measured the processes driving heat exchange between the Pacific Ocean and the atmosphere.

To study a landslide along China’s Three Gorges Reservoir, researchers deployed underground fiber-optic sensors to monitor temperature, moisture, and strain.

Benefits might accrue for both wildlife and climate resiliency if more floodplains along the lower Missouri River were allowed to flood.

Every summer, a low-oxygen pool settles off Canada’s western coast. A new study uses robust modeling to track the origins of the dense water.

Using data collected from Hawaii to Alaska, a new study sheds light on calcium carbonate cycling in the ocean, an understudied component of the global carbon cycle.

A shallow-water oceanic model showed agreement with satellite observations of atmospheric waves produced by the eruption of the underwater volcano.

Data from deep wells and a Bayesian modeling framework shed new light on one of Iceland’s valuable geothermal reservoirs.

Research on the habitat ranges of microorganisms in Yellowstone’s hot springs reveals an overlap between cyanobacteria and algae.

Two studies chart new territory for the fledgling deep-sea mining industry through advances in the identification and analysis of seafloor hydrothermal mounds.

The emplacement of the Samail Ophiolite in Oman has been a source of disagreement among geologists. New state-of-the-art research offers a fresh perspective on its timing and geometry.

A novel approach to weather forecasting uses convolutional neural networks to generate exceptionally fast global forecasts based on past weather data.

Satellite imaging and remote sensing offer unique insights into the Amazon’s complex hydrology. A new review summarizes decades of findings and charts a path forward for new remote sensing missions.

Tree throw from extreme wind events plays an important role in the movement of sediment and erosion on forested hillslopes. A new theory offers a novel way to measure its impact.

Global methane budgets suffer from a lack of field studies in African forests, but new research sheds light on methane emissions and uptake from upland forests in the Congo Basin.

A new study uses its data to show that diesel traffic is the largest source of pollution inequality across racial and economic divides

New research finds that Actinobacteria in lava caves fix carbon and survive independent of surface inputs, offering a fresh perspective in the search for life beyond Earth.

A new study looks into how air movement in the atmospheric boundary layer affects ozone removal by deciduous forests, which are a significant ozone sink.

New research teases out variations in strain rates and explores potential earthquake hazards across the southern Basin and Range and Colorado Plateau.

Severe wildfires strip away plant cover and reduce the soil’s ability to hold water. A new study develops a model to better understand landslide risk following a burn.

A new study examines the relationship between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and dementia, finding that air pollution may be responsible for up to 2 million dementia cases each year.

A new technique using dissolved noble gas tracers sheds light on how water moves through an aquifer, with implications for water resources and their vulnerability to climate change.

NASA’s ICESat-2 satellite recorded the cleaving of a 315-billion-ton iceberg from Amery Ice Shelf in 2019, as well as years of subtle cracking and splitting prior to the calving event.

A study of trends in wildfire occurrence over the past 30 years shows that environmental, climatic, and human-related factors can point out regions with high fire probabilities.

Increased seawater exposure from flooding and storms is altering how coastal forests cycle methane, leading to more greenhouse gas accumulation in tree stems and soil.

Fracturing during microearthquakes can cause groundwater pH drops. The change is temporary but can be equivalent to the difference between water and vinegar.

Individual paleohurricane records extracted from the sediments of storm-battered islands do not clearly implicate climate as having shaped hurricane frequency over the past millennium.

Researchers in Kentucky have merged results from home test kits with the state’s geologic map to produce a map of indoor radon potential based on the geology underlying homes in the state.

Videos de Twitter y YouTube ayudaron a los cient�ficos a descubrir los mecanismos f�sicos que generaron el gran tsunami en Palu Bay despu�s de un terremoto de magnitud 7.5.

Monetizing environmental services of biofuel feedstocks could incentivize farmers to take advantage of marginal agricultural lands while also benefiting the landscape.

Precise measurements of the Earth’s vertical surface motion help to elucidate the hazards of faults in an earthquake-prone region.

Many oceanic properties are not directly observed but are instead estimated using proxy measurements. A new method uses physics-based correlations to reduce uncertainty in this relationship.

Rapid temperature spikes in the stratosphere above Antarctica can influence weather and spark cyclones in the Northern Hemisphere’s tropics.

Largely spared from disruptive tectonic activity, the South African coastline offers a natural setting to study sea levels from when Earth’s atmospheric carbon dioxide last reached today’s levels.

Handprint thinking, a concept developed about a decade ago, is meant to complement ecological footprints and frame human actions in terms of how much good they can do to promote sustainability.

Videos from Twitter and YouTube helped scientists tease out the physical mechanisms that generated the large tsunami in Palu Bay after a magnitude 7.5 earthquake.

Continental shelves and estuaries are natural sources of nitrous oxide, but current global estimates of these emissions carry a lot of uncertainty, a problem that calls for regional studies.

The planetary boundaries framework defines how much human disturbance various Earth system processes can take, but it may not adequately depict the water cycle or the extent to which we’ve altered it.

Signals in layers of sedimentary rock hint at climates and ecosystems come and gone. Understanding this history can help us forecast the future, but challenges abound.

A new study uses the planetary boundaries concept to formulate an approach to water management that considers both global and local limits to water cycle modifications.

Low-lying coastal estuaries are intertwined with tropical cities around the world. Yet little is known about these water bodies, which affect millions of people globally.

Reforestation has been shown to cool surface temperatures, and a novel study suggests it may also reduce air temperature up to several stories above the ground.

A new tool links nitrogen and phosphorus applications to land use classifications to better understand where and how much of the nutrients enter watersheds in the U.S. Great Lakes Basin.

A theoretical study explores why small earthquake sources can produce quasiperiodic sequences of identical events, whereas earthquakes on large faults are intrinsically more variable.

Climate models struggle to accurately portray clouds because the models cannot resolve the scales at which clouds form. A new study demonstrates a potential fix for the problem.

An energized air-sea interface facilitates exchange between the atmosphere and the ocean. A new study looks at the formation of sea spray, an important component of this exchange.

The tule fog in California’s Central Valley is notorious for causing delays and accidents throughout the region; however, a decrease in air pollutants is reducing the fog’s frequency.

Firn aquifers—pockets of meltwater beneath the surface of an ice sheet—could have far-reaching impacts on subglacial hydrology, a new study finds.

Several factors make long-term climate predictions difficult. New research looks at how to improve model predictability by separating climate signals from the noise.

A new study finds that magnetism in volcanic ash tuff forms through varied processes, calling into question previously reliable signatures used to study variations in Earth’s magnetic field.

A new model will help climate models better interpret paleoclimate reconstructions derived from lake sediment and could improve predictions of future climatic conditions.

A new model improves predictions for sediment movement in vegetated shoreline zones and reveals a universal predictor that could change the understanding of coastal landscape evolution.

Although methane emission estimates from underground coal production appear to be accurate, the calculated emissions from natural gas production are underreported.

A new study tracks how climatic factors like sea ice cover and ocean circulation affect the life span and distribution of polychlorinated biphenyls in the world’s oceans.

A new study unveils the increasing exposure of coastal communities to minor and extreme floods as sea levels rise.

Students from around the country recently convened for the National Collegiate Soils Contest and promptly crawled into backhoe-scraped pits to dig into soil science.

Large stones in streams provide crucial habitat for fish. Modeling the boulders and streamflow offers fresh insights into how water engineering projects alter aquatic habitats.

When the blue dye resazurin encounters living microorganisms, it transforms into fluorescent pink resorufin and helps scientists understand ecosystem respiration, but it has its limitations.

The first movie of Jupiter’s infrared aurora gives scientists a new look at the Jovian magnetic field.

A new study offers novel insights into the mechanisms driving gas releases in agricultural regions.

Using modern techniques, scientists tested an old hypothesis about carbonate mud production to shift the thinking about rocks that are used as seawater archives and a source of petroleum.

A novel statistical approach demonstrates how to reduce bias in remote sensing estimates of soil moisture and latent heat flux coupling strength and clarifies the relationship between the variables.

Infrared emissions from nitric oxide and carbon dioxide in Earth’s upper atmosphere, which are closely tied to incoming solar radiation, are drastically lower than in the previous solar cycle.

Tree ring chronologies fill in gaps in the historical record and offer insights into the natural flow of China’s Yellow River.

Particulate matter in the atmosphere derives from industrial and environmental sources. The size of the particle determines how it deposits in the body and leads to different health challenges.

Sediments from the Curiosity rover and experiments using tanks of gas and laser beams helped reveal how water continued to flow on Mars after the planet lost its atmospheric carbon dioxide.

Evapotranspiration is the exchange of water vapor between land and the atmosphere, and it is hard to measure and model. A new study shows promise for its estimation over large, vegetated landscapes.

Wizened bristlecone pines in California reveal past climate trends, and new research shows how slight variations in landscape position drive different growth patterns in trees’ annual rings.

Cities can reduce surface runoff and increase groundwater recharge by encouraging their residents to implement simple, hydrologic modifications on individual buildings and single-family parcels.