A. P. Zhidkin

Lomonosov Moscow State University | MSU · Faculty of Geography

Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Research Center "V. V. Dokuchaev Soil Institute" is the leading scientific center in Russia for research in the field of soil science, methodology of soil-agroecological monitoring, rational land use and soil reclamation. The publication presents basic information about the directions of scient...

This paper presents very detailed studies of soil erosion within a small arable catchment located in the centre of the East European Plain. Sediment redistribution was estimated based on soil profile truncation, radiocesium methods and erosion modelling. WaTEM/SEDEM and State Hydrological Institute model were used for the evaluation of soil losses...

По результатам полевых оценок темпов смыва и аккумуляции на распаханном балочном водосборе Спокоевка, расположенном в бассейне р. Воробжи (Среднерусская возвышенность, лесостепная зона) проведена верификация расчетов перераспределения наносов, выполненных на основе совместного использования модели WATEM/SEDEM для расчетов ливневого смыва и модифици...

Accelerated soil erosion is a major threat to soil, and there are great variations in the rate of soil erosion over time due to natural and human-induced factors. The temperate forest zone of Russia is characterized by complex stages of land-use history (i.e. active urbanization, agricultural development, land abandonment, etc.). We have for the fi...

Digital mapping was applied for a key site located at the Southern Cis-Ural region near Ufa city (the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia). The digital soil map (DSM) was created using the open-source GIS software packages and compared to a conventional (CSM) one. As input parameters, we used standard morphometric values of the topography and field d...

Results of evaluation of sediment redistribution in a small cultivated catchment based on the basis of 10 different digital elevation models (DEM) (unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) surveys, digitized topographic maps, ALOS, SRTM, ASTER, etc.) are presented. Potential soil erosion was calculated using the WATEM/SEDEM based on the RUSLE algorithm. The r...

The paper presents assessment of the current state and risk of soil degradation of arable land (area ~800 sq. km.) from erosion. The rates of soil erosion were calculated by the WATEM/SEDEM. The obtained rates of soil erosion were converted into erosion losses of the soil profile and compared with the current thickness of the humus horizons (accord...

Soil degradation resulting from water erosion poses a serious threat to food and environmental security, therefore the research of soil erosion features and soil erosion mapping do not lose their relevance. The paper presents the results of large-scale digital mapping of the erosion degree of the arable soils in the Prokhorovsky district of the Bel...

A detailed study of 137 Cs redistribution was conducted within a small agricultural catchment in the highly contaminated Plavsk radioactive hotspot in the Tula region of Central Russia, 32 years after the Chernobyl nuclear power plant (NPP) accident, which occurred on April 26, 1986. Although more than three decades have passed since the Chernobyl...

We used the data from field surveys with more than 2500 soil sampling points at 4 research sites in various regions of Russia. The study sites are located in the European part of Russia in the most contrasting physical-geographical and socio-historical conditions of soil erosion: in the Moscow, Kursk, Belgorod regions and in the Republic of Bashkor...

В работе представлены оригинальные разработки по применению эрозионной модели WaTEM/SEDEM для крупномасштабного картографирования эрозионных структур почвенного покрова Среднерусской возвышенности. Оценка участия смытых почв в составе почвенных комбинаций распаханных склонов проведена на основе сопоставления расчетных темпов смыва с результатами по...

The article present a literature review of soil erosion studies at the Republic of Bashkortostan. The history of soil erosion development in the region is described. The data of soil losses in different climatic zones of republic during different erosion events (snow melting, rainfall, irrigation and deflation) and time intervals are shown. The ana...

To characterize the native component of the hydrocarbon status of soils in different bioclimatic zones, representative soils were studied in the East European Plain within the middle and southern taiga, forest-steppe, and semidesert zones. The samples were analyzed for the contents of hexane-soluble bitumens (bitumoids), normal and iso-alkanes (C14...

Results of a detailed analysis of pedosediments—sediments composed of transported material of soil humus horizons—are discussed. Five main morphological features of pedosediments attesting to the origin of the transported soil material are identified; their allocation to certain types of pedosediments is shown. A map of pedosediments for a small ca...

A study was done of soils in the Moscow, Omsk, and Samara oblasts subjected to hydrocarbon pollutant fluxes from industrial enterprises of the same production profile (carbon black plants) differing in (a) the type and environmental safety of production technologies, (b) the time of operation, and (c) the spatial location with respect to other poss...

The composition and distribution features of the main components of soil hydrocarbon complex― organic (noncarbonate) carbon, hexane bitumoids, and individual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)―in the area of depleted Bakhilovo asphalt deposit (Samara oblast) have been studied. According to their proportions, three genetic types of soil hydroca...

Contents of 11 most prevalent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in snow and soils of arable, fallow, and forest areas significantly remote from impact technogenic sources of polyarenes have been examined in the Torzhok district of Tver oblast. From the analysis of snow samples, the volumes and composition of PAHs coming from the atmosphere on...

The PAHs concentrations in snow and soil were compared and the indication significance of the relations of individual polyarenes was identified to establish the characteristics of their input from the atmosphere and transformation in soils under different combinations of natural and technogenic factors. The studied area was subjected to the long-te...

Contents and compositions of bitumoids, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and free and retained hydrocarbon gases in soils along a transect at different distances from the local industrial source of atmospheric pollution with soot emissions have been studied. The reserves of PAHs progressively decrease when the distance from the source incre...

Approaches to the quantification of the vertical translocation rate of soil solid-phase material by the magnetic tracer method have been developed; the tracer penetration depth and rate have been determined, as well as the radial distribution of the tracer in chernozems (Chernozems) and dark gray forest soils (Luvisols) of Belgorod oblast under nat...

It is important to study sources and concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the agriculture soils within areas without intensive contaminations. Our studied object was soil and snow cover in the taiga zone (Tver region, Russia). A total of 52 surface (0–30 cm) and 31 subsurface (30-50 cm) soil samples, and 13 snow samples were...

Получен комплекс данных, характеризующих пространственные и временные параметры лате- ральной миграции твердофазного вещества (ЛМТВ) почв в пределах широколиственно-лесного участка лесостепи на территории Белгородской области. Объектами исследования были естествен- ные лесные и распахиваемые почвы склонов с разной длительностью сельскохозяйственног...

The work is devoted to the study of natural features of the hydrocarbon status (HCS) of middle taiga soils with different texture and under different vegetation cover, soil aeration conditions, including soils forming under spontaneous free flow of hydrocarbon-rich gases. A comparison between the composition and content of the main components of HC...

Spatial and temporal parameters of the lateral migration of solid-phase matter (LMSM) of soils were determined for the key sites in Belgorod Region, Russia. We studied virgin forested and arable slopes with different period of plowing. The average annual rates of migration and accumulation of soil solid phase matter decrease on young croplands (plo...

The hydrocarbon status (HCS) of soils has been characterized using a set of quantitative parameters, which can be obtained in the routine laboratory studies of soil samples. This is a general quantitative and qualitative characterization of hexane bitumoids and individual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons prevailing in natural objects. Field survey...

The spatial distributions of Mn, Cu, Ni, Co, Cr, Zn, Pb, Mo, Ti, Zr, and Fe, as well as particle sizes and humus, in the surface horizon of soils in the Lokna River small watershed (Tula oblast) have been studied. The relationships of the studied parameters have been characterized by statistical methods. Little change in particle size distribution...

An assessment of the sediment spatial redistribution on two facing slopes of the site Gracheva hollow (Kursk region) was fulfilled. Soil-morphologic method, magnetic tracers, radioccsium dating, LISEM, and physicalstatistical empirical model were used. By the complex of field methods related to different time intervals (150, 140 and 21 y.) regulari...

Рассмотрены изменения природной среды Белгородской области под влиянием татарских шляхов в период их функционирования (16–17 вв.). Косвенные воздействия татарских шляхов на ландшафты и деятельность населения отражались в периодических поджегах степей как средстве обороны против татар, в особенностях расселения и разной длительности сельскохозяйстве...

В статье представлен литературный обзор существующих представлений об эрозии почв (в результате плоскостного смыва) в Белгородской области. Проведена оценка степени изученности вопроса и выявлены основные направления исследований. Представлены авторские взгляды на перспективность развития некоторых направлений изучения эрозии почв в данном регионе.

Pedoturbations are widely known and good classified by scientists. It is known 10 types of pedoturbations, allo-cated by F.D. Hole (1961) and supplemented by D.L. Johnson and collaborators (1987). They influence on many soil properties and also on migration substances (including pollutants). But there is a lack of data of quantitative assessments o...

The primary objective of this research was to determine the soil erosion rates in cropland of west central Illinois using a magnetic tracer (fly ash) and radio-cesium (cesium-137). The fly ash and cesium-137 accumulation on a stable cropland/hayland summit was determined using a spiral transect. This reference site was used as a baseline and then c...

Thorough studies of the lateral migration of the solid soil material and the large scale mapping of the soil cover have been performed within a landscape geochemical arena in the small catchment area of the Lokna River basin (Tula oblast). Podzolized clay illuvial agrochernozems are the predominant soils in the catchment area. Nine soil types from...

Many factors, including land use, management history, soil type, climate, and soil landscape processes, affect the dynamics of soil organic carbon (SOC). The primary objective of this research was to determine the SOC level in a timberland of west-central Illinois and then to compare the level with the SOC levels in adjacent cropland and pasturelan...

A typification of soil catenas on slopes from the manifestations of soil erosion and accumulation processes studied at several key plots in the central part of the East European Plain and in the Mid-West of the United States is suggested. The magnetic tracer method was used for assessing the rate of lateral mechanical migration of the products of p...

The dynamics of soil organic carbon (SOC) are affected by many factors including land use, management history, soil type, climate, and soil landscape processes. The primary objective of this research was to compare the storage of SOC on sloping woodland and cropland landscapes of northwestern Illinois. The cropland area was cultivated using a moldb...

Data on the rate of the erosion-accumulation processes within the sloped junctions of soils studied on key plots in Tula, Kursk, and Belgorod oblasts were analyzed. Using the method of different-age tracers characterizing the erosion-aggradation of the soils during the last 140–150 years (the magnetic tracer) and during the last 20–25 years (the ra...

A new method of magnetic tracer was applied by the authors for a quantitative assessment of erosional processes. The rates of erosion were determined for cultivated and virgin soils (predominantly, chernozems) on slopes in different parts of the United States and Russia. Quantitative parameters of soil loss and soil deposition for the slopes of dif...

An analysis is made of the data on magnetic susceptibility, content of spherical magnetic particles (SMP), content of organic carbon and morphological properties of chernozems within a small catchment of the Kursk region. A comparative analysis of the magnetic tracer methods and the soil-morphological method revealed manifestation characteristics o...

Data on the rates of erosion and accumulation processes in soils on the slopes under plough and forest/meadow-steppe vegetation were obtained using a new method of magnetic tracer. Changes in specific features of soil wash-out and deposition under different types of land use are described. Quantitative parameters of organic carbon loss from eroded...

Features and factors of the hydrocarbon status of soils developed in oil-producing karst regions were considered using an oilfield as an example. The notion of the hydrocarbon status of soils involves the proportions of the gas, bitumen, and polyarene components of the total hydrocarbons and their radial and lateral variations. The following types...

This paper is based on the results of the study of soils and soil-forming rocks on five key sites in Iceland, including the coastal plain (the Hvammur key site), piedmont plain (the Hveragerði key site), the Holocene lava plateau (the Reykjanes key site), and the zone of modern hydrothermal activity in the north of the rift zone of Iceland (the The...