A. Rakotonirainy

Queensland University of Technology | QUT · Centre for Accident Research and Road Safety (CARRS - Q)

Practitioner Summary Conditional AV drivers are expected to take-over control during failures. However, drivers are not informed about the AV’s planned manoeuvres. A visual display that presents the shared intended pathway is proposed to help drivers mitigate silent failures. This online photo experiment found the display helped anticipate failures...

Automated Vehicles (AVs) are designed and programmed to follow traffic rules. However, there is no separate and comprehensive regulatory framework dedicated to AVs. The current Queensland traffic rules were designed for humans. These rules often contain open texture expressions, exceptions, and potential conflicts (conflict arises when exceptions c...

Car drivers are primarily responsible for crashes between cars and bicycle and motorcycle riders (two-wheelers; TWs). A lack of exposure and riding experience with TWs among car drivers may contribute to the occurrence of these crashes. The current research investigates if car drivers with different TW riding experience levels act differently durin...

Road traffic injuries are one of the primary reasons for death, especially in developing countries like Bangladesh. Safety in land transport is one of the major concerns for road safety authorities and other policymakers. For this reason, contributory factors identification associated with crashes is necessary for reducing road crashes and ensuring...

Human errors contribute to 94% (±2.2%) of road crashes resulting in fatal/non-fatal causalities, vehicle damages and a predicament in the pathway to safer road systems. Automated Vehicles (AVs) have been a potential attempt in lowering the crash rate by replacing human drivers with an advanced computer-aided decision-making approach. However, AVs a...

Connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) are expected to revolutionise transport worldwide and transform urban life. However, there are many unknowns concerning the impacts of these technologies in terms of sustainability, justice, and safety. It has been suggested that CAVs may exacerbate inequities and safety disparities concerning the interaction...

Stress and driving are a dangerous combination which can lead to crashes, as evidenced by the large number of road traffic crashes that involve stress. Therefore, it is essential to build a practical system that can classify driver stress level with high accuracy. However, the performance of such a system depends on hyperparameter optimization choi...

Following the most energy-efficient route can have a significant impact on reducing energy consumption. While most eco-routing research has focused on reducing energy consumption and travel time, the safety aspect of route choice is currently neglected. In this paper, a multi-objective optimization methodology is formulated to concurrently minimize...

It is crucial to validate driving behaviour against current road rules to improve Autonomous Vehicle (AV) safety. Validating the AV behaviour is challenging due to the way Queensland Overtaking Road Rules are written, as it includes vague terms and exceptions. This research introduces a Defeasible Deontic Logic (DDL) based framework to validate AV...

Full Detail in Slide. Similar Research Full Paper link: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/16/7198/htm

Full Paper Link: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9720968

The technology and popularity in the domain of Electric vehicles (EVs) are growing rapidly. With the increment of EV usage, it has become necessary to plan optimized locations, pricing, and capacities while installing new charging stations. This literature provides an extreme learning machine-based approach in planning such parameters based on the...

The paper aims to develop an improved Fog-related Intelligent Driver Model (FIDM) that reproduces drivers’ car-following behaviour features by taking into account unobserved driver heterogeneity in fog condition. A multi-user driving simulator experiment was performed, and a vehicle fleet consisting of nine vehicles was tested in different fog and...

Red light running at signalised intersections is a growing road safety issue worldwide, leading to the rapid development of advanced intelligent transportation technologies and countermeasures. However, existing studies have yet to summarise and present the effect of these technology-based innovations in improving safety. This paper represents a co...

In this work, we proposed a hybrid pointer network (HPN), an end-to-end deep reinforcement learning architecture is provided to tackle the travelling salesman problem (TSP). HPN builds upon graph pointer networks, an extension of pointer networks with an additional graph embedding layer. HPN combines the graph embedding layer with the transformer’s...

Objective The study aims to investigate the potential of using HUD (head-up display) as an approach for drivers to engage in non–driving-related tasks (NDRTs) during automated driving, and examine the impacts on driver state and take-over performance in comparison to the traditional mobile phone. Background Advances in automated vehicle technology...

Automated vehicles are an emerging technology that operate with differing levels of automatic control (SAE levels). The current study explored participants’ acceptance of a conditional (Level 3) automated vehicle (AV) before and after riding as a passenger for 10 min on open, public roads in uncontrolled traffic. Additionally, participants were ask...

Trajectory movement labelling is an important pre-stage for predicting connected vehicle (CV) movement at intersections. Drivers’ movement prediction and warning at intersections ensure advanced transportation safety and researchers use machine learning-based data-driven approaches to implement these technologies. However, prediction of drivers’ mo...

In this work, a novel idea is presented for combinatorial optimization problems, a hybrid network, which results in a superior outcome. We applied this method to graph pointer networks [1], expanding its capabilities to a higher level. We proposed a hybrid pointer network (HPN) to solve the travelling salesman problem trained by reinforcement learn...

Automated driving seems promising to reduce crashes caused by human error. However, in the transition towards automated driving, a human is still required in some automation levels in some circumstances. Specifically, in conditional automation or SAE Level 3, a human needs to be able to continue the driving task any time the vehicle requests it. Th...

Road crash fatality is a universal problem of the transportation system. A massive death toll caused annually due to road crash incidents, and among them, vulnerable road users (VRU) are endangered with high crash severity. This paper focuses on employing machine learning-based classification approaches for modelling injury severity of vulnerable r...

The chapter discusses the rise of technology usage in cities, and how the recent COVID-19 crisis provided an opportunity for technologists to meaningfully consider how their technologies could be useful in cities. We also provide an overview of current technology trends such as AI and robotics, Internet of Things, Intelligent Transport Systems, Aut...

As illustrations of what constitutes the Automated City, this chapter highlights (among many) three types of technologies: (1) automated vehicles, (2) robots in indoor public spaces and outdoors (on city streets, e.g., cleaning robots, delivery robots, and other applications), and (3) drones (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) in urban environments, discuss...

The previous chapter discussed particular issues in relation to Automated Vehicles, urban robots and urban drones. This chapter discusses visions, perspectives and challenges of the Automated City more generally, including aspirational visions of future cities, what must be overcome or addressed towards a favourable notion of the Automated City, an...

We conclude this book by discussing several questions on the city that are on a more philosophical tone.

This chapter reviews the notion (and visions) of the Automated City in popular press, and in research publications, and then attempts to outline a conceptualisation of the Automated City. We first discuss what form the Automated City can take, from a mainly technological perspective. But a city is really constituted by its human inhabitants. We the...

(1) Background: Passenger vehicles equipped with advanced driver-assistance system (ADAS) functionalities are becoming more prevalent within vehicle fleets. However, the full effects of offering such systems, which may allow for drivers to become less than 100% engaged with the task of driving, may have detrimental impacts on other road-users, part...

Substantial research is required to ensure that micro-mobility ride sharing provides a better fulfilment of user needs. This study proposes a novel crowdsourcing model for the ride-sharing system where light vehicles such as scooters and bikes are crowdsourced. The proposed model is expected to solve the problem of charging and maintaining a large...

Trajectory movement classification is an important pre-stage for predicting connected vehicle (CV) behaviour at intersection. Driver's behaviour prediction and warning at intersection ensures advanced transportation safety and researchers use different data driven approaches to implement these technologies. However, the early prediction of vehicle...

Prediction of drivers' movement at intersection is a significant approach of intelligent transportation system. Early prediction of drivers' movement facilitates in transmitting safety warning through co-operative messages among vehicle to vehicle and vehicle to intersection. This ensures transportation safety for traffic as well as pedestrians and...

Road Crash Fatality is a universal problem of the transportation system. A massive death toll caused annually due to road crash incidents, and among them, vulnerable road users (VRU) are endangered with high crash severity. This paper focuses on identifying machine learning-based classification approach for modelling injury severity of vulnerable r...

Drivers continually interact with other road users and use information from the road environment to make decisions to control their vehicle. A clear understanding of different parameters impacting this interaction can provide us with a new design approach for a more effective driver assistance system-a personalised trajectory prediction system. Thi...

Substantial research is required to ensure that micro-mobility ride sharing provides a better fulfillment of user needs. This study proposes a novel crowdsourcing model for the ride-sharing system where light vehicles such as scooters and bikes are crowdsourced. The proposed model consists of three entities: suppliers, customers, and a management p...

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229289.].

In this manuscript, a control strategy for electric vehicles is developed to optimise the energy consumption while respecting constraints associated with both inter-vehicle safety and comfort, which is a challenge in typical optimal control solution methodologies. Firstly, the long-term optimal control is developed using Pontryagin’s Maximum Princi...

With the growing development of Cooperative, Connected, and Automated Mobility (CCAM), questions arise about the real impact of this innovative mobility on our daily life. CCAM originally promised to improve road safety. It is now a holistic solution for future mobility: the CCAM is there to optimize traffic, which can translate into strategies for...

Stress and driving are a dangerous combination which can lead to crashes, as evidenced by the large number of road traffic crashes that involve stress. Motivated by the need to address the significant costs of driver stress, it is essential to build a practical system that can classify driver stress level with high accuracy. However, the performanc...

Naturalistic driving studies (NDS) are a method in transportation research that is increasingly used to bridge the gap between epidemiological research (e.g., using population crash databases) and individual level or experimental research (e.g., self-reported surveys or driving simulators). This article begins with defining NDS and providing a brie...

The book outlines the concept of the Automated City, in the context of smart city research and development. While there have been many other perspectives on the smart city such as the participatory city and the data-centric city, this book focuses on automation for the smart city based on current and emerging technologies such as the Internet of Th...

Automatically assessing driving behaviour against traffic rules is a challenging task for improving the safety of Automated Vehicles (AVs). There are no AV specific traffic rules against which AV behaviour can be assessed. Moreover current traffic rules can be imprecisely expressed and are sometimes conflicting making it hard to validate AV driving...

Automated vehicles(AV) have been tested on the public roads, where the human drivers take over the vehicle's control when there is an automated vehicle disengagement. Understanding the probable risk at the interaction between autonomous vehicles and vulnerable road users (VRU) is critical to understand the situations where the autonomous vehicle al...

This study applied the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) to assess individuals’ intentions to use fully automated shared passenger shuttles when they become publicly available. In addition, perceived trust was assessed to examine the extent to which this variable could account for additional variance in intentions above the TPB constructs of attitu...

Abstract: As the Autonomous Vehicle (AV) industry is rapidly advancing, the classification of non-motorized (vulnerable) road users (VRUs) becomes essential to ensure their safety and to smooth operation of road applications. The typical practice of non-motorized road users’ classification usually takes significant training time and ignores the tem...

During the past two decades of e-commerce growth, the concept of a business model has become increasingly popular. More recently, the research on this realm has grown rapidly, with diverse research activity covering a wide range of application areas. Considering the sustainable development goals, the innovative business models have brought a compet...

During the past two decades of e-commerce growth, the concept of a business model has become increasingly popular. More recently, the research on this realm has grown rapidly, with diverse research activity covering a wide range of application areas. Considering the sustainable development goals, the innovative business models have brought a compet...

Eco-safe driving is a promising approach to improve road safety while reducing transport emissions. The application of an eco-safe driving system is feasible with the support of vehicle-to-vehicle/infrastructure technologies. To guarantee system usability and safety appropriateness, a key precondition is to ensure that driver mental workload and vi...

As the Autonomous Vehicle (AV) industry is rapidly advancing, classification of non-motorized (vulnerable) road users (VRUs) becomes essential to ensure their safety and to smooth operation of road applications. The typical practice of non-motorized road users' classification usually takes numerous training time and ignores the temporal evolution a...

Guided by the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), this study examined the beliefs underpinning , and feasibility of the factors in predicting, individuals' intentions to use a conditional (Level 3) automated vehicle (AV) and a full (Level 5) AV. Australian drivers (N = 505) aged 17-81 years (Mean age = 33.69, SD = 18.79) were recruited and completed...

Red light running at signalised intersections is a growing road safety issue worldwide, leading to the rapid development of advanced intelligent transportation technologies and countermeasures. However, existing studies have yet to summarise and present the effect of these technology-based innovations in improving safety. This paper represents a co...

Micro-mobility ride-sharing is an emerging technology that provides access to the transit system with minimum environmental impacts. Significant research is required to ensure that micro-mobility ride-sharing provides a better fulfilment of user needs. In this study, we propose a novel business model for the micro-mobility ride-sharing system where...

With the fast advancements of the Autonomous Vehicle (AV) industry, detection of Vulnerable Road Users (VRUs) using smartphones is critical for safety applications of Cooperative Intelligent Transportation Systems (C-ITSs). This study explores the use of low-power smartphone sensors and the Recurrence Quantification Analysis (RQA) features for this...

E-scooter-sharing and e-bike-sharing systems are accommodating and easing the increased traffic in dense cities and are expanding considerably. However, these new micro-mobility transportation modes raise numerous operational and safety concerns. This study analyzes e-scooter and dockless e-bike sharing system user behavior. We investigate how aver...

Railway level crossing closures can disrupt traffic flow significantly, especially in peak hours. The current increases in road and rail traffic worsen the situation and can result in congestion known to significantly increase road users’ travel times. In this study, seven of the most problematic level crossings around Brisbane, Australia, were sur...

This paper introduces a methodology for the encoding of rules into a semantic logical format to facilitate the automated reasoning process. We demonstrate how to identify, capture, combine, and thus formulate all the components from rules into a computationally-oriented formalism. The need for the methodology is motivated by the desire for automate...

Highly automated vehicles relieve drivers from driving tasks, allowing them to engage in non-driving-related-tasks (NDRTs). However, drivers are required to take over control in certain circumstances due to the limitations of highly automated vehicles. This study focused on drivers’ eye-movement patterns during take-overs when an NDRT (watching vid...

Cooperative Intelligent Transportation Systems (C-ITS) are being deployed in several cities around the world. We are preparing for the largest Field Operational Test (FOT) in Australia to evaluate C-ITS safety benefits. Two of the safety benefit hypotheses we formulated assume a dependency between lane changes and C-ITS warnings displayed on the Hu...

Mobile phone use is often considered to be the main source of distraction on the road. Gap acceptance at intersections is a frequent and complex driving task that requires high visual attention from drivers. This study aims to investigate the effect of mobile phone use on the gap acceptance manoeuvre at intersections. Different mobile phone use pos...

Dimensionality reduction in the machine learning field mitigates the undesired properties of high-dimensional spaces to facilitate classification, compression, and visualization of high-dimensional data. During the last decade, researchers proposed many new non-linear techniques for dimensionality reduction based on the assumption that data laying...

Automated vehicles and advanced driver-assistance systems require an accurate prediction of future traffic scene states. The tendency in recent years has been to use deep learning approaches for accurate trajectory prediction but these approaches suffer from computational complexity, dependency on a specific environment/dataset, and lack of insight...

First/last mile trips are getting more expensive and detrimental to the environment, within dense cities. Recently, electric dock-less e-scooters have emerged as a micro mobility mode and as a potential solution for large crowded cities. According to the National Association of City Transportation Officials, in the U.S. alone, more than 38.5 millio...