A. S. Mujumdar

• M.Eng.,Ph.D.
• Professor (Full) at McGill University

The introduction of DeepSeek R1, an AI language model developed by the Chinese AI lab DeepSeek, has made a significant impact in the tech world [1]. Within a week of its release, the app surged to the top of download charts, triggered a massive $1 trillion (£800 billion) sell-off in tech stocks, and prompted intense reactions from Silicon Valley. A...

Global health is still seriously threatened by tuberculosis (TB), especially considering the increasing incidence of strains of the disease that are extensively drug-resistant (XDR) and multidrug-resistant (MDR). These TB superbugs necessitate innovative therapeutic strategies to improve treatment efficacy and patient compliance. Spray-drying techn...

The emergence of nano spray drying has revolutionized conventional spray drying by offering a simple and streamlined approach to obtaining ultrafine powders in the submicron and nanoscale range. Unlike traditional approaches, this innovative technology enables the direct conversion of solutions into dried nanoparticles, with high yields of up to 90...

This study aims to develop and evaluate flurbiprofen-loaded polymeric nanoparticles to achieve sustained drug release, enhancing therapeutic efficacy and minimising dosing frequency for improved patient outcomes. Flurbiprofen-loaded polymeric nanoparticles were prepared using a tubular microreactor and spray drying, optimised via Box-Behnken Design...

Background Vildagliptin (VLG), an antidiabetic agent, presents a potential solution to this widespread affliction. It exhibits notable attributes, such as a high solubility and a shorter elimination half-life. The current study uses a microreactor to fabricate sustained-release VLG-encapsulated cross-linked chitosan–dextran sulfate nanoparticles (V...

In present study, Spanish cherry pulp (SCP) was dried using refractance window (RW) dryer at varying temperatures (50 to 90 ºC) to investigate the impacts on drying kinetics and physicochemical properties and compared with freeze dried samples. An increasing RW drying temperature from 50 to 90 ºC reduced drying time from 320 to 80 min. The water an...

Nutritional management has emerged as an effective strategy to mitigate the risks of malnutrition and disease‐related mortality among patients. The emergence of novel food types, particularly foods for special medical purposes (FSMPs), has garnered increasing attention from researchers and businesses. 3D printing (3DP) technology, alternatively kno...

Drying is a widely adopted unit operation that enhances the stability of pharmaceuticals. Conventionally, freeze-drying has been chosen, as evidenced by the numerous freeze-dried products available on the market. However, there are drawbacks related to freeze drying, extended drying times, freezing and processing-related stresses, and it operates a...

The osmotically dehydrated orange juice sacs can serve as materials for heterogeneous 3D printing. Moreover, physical field-assisted such as ultrasound and vacuum, along with their combined application, were employed to enhance the impregnation of green tea polyphenol (GTP) and ascorbic acid (AA) during osmotic dehydration of orange juice sacs. Thi...

Hot air–assisted radio frequency drying (HARFD) is a recently developed food dehydration method to enhance thermal efficiency while retaining the quality of the fresh produce. This investigation is aimed at exploring the potential for the application of portable near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy for rapid real-time assessment of the quality of apple...

Super reconstructed foods (SRFs) have characteristics beyond those of real system in terms of nutrition, texture, appearance, and other properties. As 3D/4D food printing technology continues to be improved in recent years, this layered manufacturing/additive manufacturing preparation technology based on food reconstruction has made it possible to...

Nowadays, consumers are increasingly demanding processed food products with high levels of beneficial components. Bitter melon and apple are both nutritious foods rich in bioactive compounds. In this study, restructured bitter melon and apple chips were processed using four drying techniques: hot-air drying with/without exhaust air recirculation (E...

This investigation used a tubular microreactor to produce Vildagliptin (VLG) loaded ethyl cellulose (EC) nanoparticles (NPs) for sustained delivery of a drug. A central composite design was used to quantify the influence of independent variables on the desired responses. The independent factors selected to achieve the desired entrapment efficiency...

The demand for fresh food has become a frequent high demand commodity in everyday living and accounts for a larger share of the retail consumer market. As the quality of fresh foods deteriorates from harvest to consumption due to internal or external factors, it is important to label or mark fresh products or their package directly on the surface o...

Spray-dried Flurbiprofen (FLB) loaded polymeric nanoformulation using Eudragit L 100 and Ethylcellulose. They were optimized and evaluated. This study determined drug release (%) and encapsulation efficiency (%) by developing a nanoparticulate system using the design of experiments (DoE) approach. FLB is slightly soluble in water; it dissolves slow...

There are many kinds of tofu products, and they are mainly found in Asia. This paper mainly summarizes and classifies the tofu products of different countries through the analysis of the characteristics of different products and the differences between them. The storage conditions for most bean products are typically harsh, resulting in the shelf l...

Since fresh foods include a significant amount of water, fat, and protein, it is more likely to become infected by microorganisms causing a major loss of quality. Traditional detection techniques are less able to meet customer expectations owing to the limitations of high cost, slow response time, and inability to permit dynamic monitoring. Intelli...

To respond to the various issues of conventional drying (textural defects of collapse-shrink-age and case hardening, microbiological contamination, poor rehydrability, degradation of active molecules caused by high wet-bulb temperature, weak drying kinetics, and marketing difficulty), swell-drying has proven high relevance in combining conventional...

In recent years, the market for edible flavor has become larger and the demand for edible flavor has become more diverse. Customers are paying more attention to natural, healthy, and functional flavors. This article reviews some new technologies about flavors in recent years, including processing technology, encapsulation, and detection of flavors....

Electric field and magnetic field preservation technologies are pollution-free, safe, and healthy physical means that have been widely used in recent years. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of different intensities of electrostatic fields and static magnetic fields on the quality of cold chain transportation of green bell peppers. D...

The combination of electric and magnetic field assisted freezing has potential as a new means of improving the freeze–thaw quality of green peppers. In this work, the quality of the freeze–thawed product was assessed in terms of thawing juice loss, moisture profile, ascorbic acid content, antioxidant activity, flavor, and microstructure. Juice loss...

Edible mushrooms are nutritious, tasty, and have medicinal value, which makes them very popular. Fresh mushrooms have a high water content and a crisp texture. They demonstrate strong metabolic activity after harvesting. However, they are prone to textural changes, microbial infestation, and nutritional and flavor loss, and they therefore require a...

Drug nanonization and encapsulation efficiency enhancement are prerequisites for hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs to be delivered at the targeted site. Microfluidic technology has emerged as an efficient technique to achieve these objectives due to its ability to provide intensive mixing and yield relatively uniform nanosized particles. Furthermor...

Inspired by the natural bifurcating structures, tree-like microchannels have been applied for microelectronics cooling. In order to understand the thermal-hydraulic performance of a flat-plat tree-like microchannel, successive branching ratios of tree-like structure are optimized based on minimization of flow resistance. It is shown that the optima...

The original vivid red color of fresh grapefruit slices had faded considerably after freeze-drying, affecting visual enjoyment. The purpose of the study was to inquire the effect of high voltage electrostatic field for enzyme inactivation and gelatin-gum Arabic composite film for pigment retention on the color protection of freeze-dried grapefruit...

Unappetizing food is referred to food that has poor characteristic such as texture, nutrition and appearance, causing poor oral intake in hospitalized patients. Poor oral intake is a cause and/or consequence of malnutrition. This symptom can result in worse clinical outcomes when happens in immunocompromised patients which refers to those who have...

The effects of 1, 3, 5 kV/cm electrostatic field (EF) and 2, 5, 8 mT static magnetic field (MF) on the quality of frozen broccoli and cauliflower (B and C) were studied. The freezing parameters were significantly improved by 3, 5 kV/cm EF or 8 mT MF treatment (P < 0.05), a maximum reduction of nucleation time and phase transition time by 20.14% and...

To enhance the freezing rate and thawed product quality of pork tenderloin, an experimental study was conducted using the high voltage electric field and static magnetic field separately during freezing. Pork tenderloin pieces were frozen at −20 °C under several high voltage electric fields (10 kV/m (HVEF1), 30 kV/m (HVEF3), 50 kV/m (HVEF5)) and ma...

3D food printing has recently attracted significant attention, both from academic and industrial researchers, due to its ability to manufacture customized products in such terms as size, shape, texture, color, and nutrition to meet demands of individual consumers. 4D printing, which is a technique that allows evolution of various characteristics/pr...

Fresh foods such as fruits, vegetables, grains, nuts, and meats are generally rich in water and are susceptible to microbial contamination. Drying and dehydration processes can reduce water content, but low water activity foods may not be microbiologically safe. Several novel drying techniques have demonstrated varying degrees of effectiveness in m...

This study evaluated the effect of mono-frequency ultrasound (MFU, 20 kHz), dual-frequency ultrasound (DFU, 20/40 kHz), and tri-frequency ultrasound (TFU, 20/40/60 kHz) on mass transfer, drying kinetics, and quality properties of infrared-dried pineapple slices. Pretreatments were conducted in distilled water (US), 35 ˚Brix sucrose solution (US-OD)...

Air impingement drying of a planar sheets of porous materials offers advantages of high and controllable heat and mass transfer rates. The governing heat and mass transfer phenomena involve multi-scale physical mechanisms ranging from mesoscopic pore scale to macroscopic jet scale. This work presents a pore-scale heat and mass transfer model of an...

Baked pancake (BP) was unevenly heated during 2450 MHz microwave reheating (MR) and the water migrated by the temperature difference resulted in poor eating quality. The strategies to improve the edible quality of MR‐BP were explored in terms of dielectric properties and reheating mechanisms. The only outer distribution of salt and sugar reduced th...

The research study reflects the development of novel voriconazole (VCZ) loaded nanoparticles (NPs) for prolonged delivery for the management of ocular diseases. The in situ ophthalmic gel was prepared by incorporating NPs into carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCh) and poloxamer. The central composite design was used to optimize the process for the preparat...

The world’s urban population is expected to double by 2050. Urbanization is changing food consumption patterns, and the global market is flooded with functional foods, specifically probiotics, for their gut health advantages. Awareness about the healthy human microbiome among the consumer has prompted them to demand probiotic foods. Due to their po...

Anthropological activities along with increase in population over several decades engender several global environmental issues including climatic change and food security. According to FAO, the current rates of food insecurity prevalence (9.7%) and the food loss index (13.8%) show an alarming trend which invigorates food industries in working towar...

Drying temperature, air velocity, material thickness during hot air drying usually have a significant influence on drying kinetics and quality attributes of fruits and vegetables. However, under constant drying temperature, the influence of relative humidity (RH) of hot air on heat and mass transfer is often ignored in drying practice. On the other...

BACKGROUND Fresh shiitake mushrooms are rich in nutrients, but have high water content, a fast metabolism after harvest, and deteriorate extremely easily. Therefore, the drying of shiitake mushrooms has become a research direction. However, the role of different drying techniques on shiitake mushroom quality is limited. Therefore, the purpose of th...

Tomatoes are a valuable highly perishable agricultural product that are dried on a large scale for extending shelf life. The drying of both tomatoes and tomato processing waste can yield valuable products. The dried forms serve as raw material for different commercial products, as an ingredient for functional foods. It is also used all over the wor...

To achieve intelligent control of the drying terminal point in pulse-spouting microwave freeze drying (PSMFD) of raspberries, low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) was used to monitor the moisture status and moisture content changes during drying. As expected, three states of water were observed: bound water, immobile water and free water (...

Background Resistant starch (RS) has been unanimously identified as a replacement for dietary fiber due to its balanced nutritional functionality and sensory implications. Main source of resistant starch is presently from tubers and cereals. However, on the basis of dependence on resource intensiveness, these crops were questioned recently and a ne...

Solid-state fermented Omar’s was dried using microwave vacuum drying (MVD) and infrared freeze-drying (IFD). Hot air drying (AD) and traditional vacuum freeze-drying (FD) were used as controls. The effects of different drying methods on the drying kinetics, physicochemical properties (such as water retention capacity, oil retention capacity, swelli...

Numerical study was conducted using two synthetic jet actuators attached underneath a micro-channel. By fixing the oscillating frequency and diaphragm amplitude, the effects on the heat transfer within the micro-channel were investigated with two synthetic jets being in-phase and 180° out-of-phase at different orifice spacing. There was a significa...

Oral candidiasis is an infection that occurs inside of the cheek and oral cavity which is very painful. Treatment of oral candidiasis is very important for its commonness and the inadequate medication options are available for the treatment. Synthesis and evaluation of Poly (acrylamide) loaded thymol nanogelalternative for conventional creams was t...

Conventional drying technologies generally rely on drying processes driven by using hot air, where these processes have significantly high energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. With our knowledge based on the limited nature of fossil fuels and the impact of climate change, it is clear that every technology has to be cleaner, cheaper, and...

A new pretreatment method using high humidity hot air impingement blanching (HHAIB) followed by pulsed vacuum drying (PVD) was employed for Thompson seedless drying. The effect of this dehydration technique on phytochemicals content (ascorbic acid, total phenols and chlorophyll), antioxidant capacity (tetraethylammonium chloride, TEAC, ferric ion-r...

Background: Mushrooms are increasingly popular around the world as a nutritional food which is an excellent source of vitamin D2. Although natural mushrooms often contain very little vitamin D2 as many are grown in the dark, they are rich in ergosterol, a precursor to vitamin D2. Ergosterol can be converted to vitamin D2 under ultraviolet radiatio...

Pirfenidone (PFD) is a drug of choice for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. For the preparation of sustained release microparticles of PFD, Ethyl cellulose (EC 300) with Eudragit RS 100 in combination was used as encapsulating agents. The 3-level 2-factorial design was employed for the design of experiments (DoE). The spray dried micr...

Herbs and spices play a vital role in flavoring food, coloring, perfuming, and health care. Proper processing is essential because the fresh plants contain high moisture content and microorganisms. Drying is a common technique used to reduce moisture content to a safe level. However, consumers' demand for high‐quality dried products has increased....

Vaccines are the most important life-saving prophylactic medicines administered in maintaining global health. In a pandemic situation, the manufacturing, formulation followed by preservation of vaccine are challenging areas of concern looking at the dire need of administering it to several billion people on the planet in a pandemic like situation....

Repaglinide (RPG, antidiabetic) and Diltiazem HCL (DIL, antihypertensive) loaded ethyl cellulose (EC) nanoparticles were prepared by the spray drying process using Placket Burman Design (PBD). The amount of EC (A, mg), Methanol (B, ml), Inlet temperature (C, OC), Feed rate (D, rpm), Nozzle diameter (E, mm) and Aspiration (F, rpm) were considered in...

Flavor changes of garlic during drying process were monitored using LF-NMR combined with partial least squares (PLS) and back-propagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN). Results show that with elapsed drying time, the free water (A23) and total moisture content (A) of garlic decrease with different drying conditions. Correspondingly, the sulfid...

The inactivation of S. Typhimurium and A. flavus along with quality degradation kinetics was studied during combined microwave-infrared (MW-IR) heating of paprika. The spatial changes in the distribution of temperature and variation in water activity (aw) of the paprika samples resulted in a 7.389 log reduction in S. Typhimurium, and 6.182 log redu...

The eye is a challenging organ for ophthalmic drug delivery due to the barriers associated with the anterior and posterior segments like nasolacrimal drainage, blinking, induced lacrimation, impermeability of corneal epithelial membrane, and blood-ocular barrier. Although there are conventional approaches, such as eye drop, ointment, suspension, im...

In this study, the effect of oscillation amplitude on the pulsed impinging jets in different nozzle to surface distances and Reynolds numbers investigated. Generally, the heat transfer increases by increasing frequency and amplitude. For distances smaller and longer than the length of the jet potential core the threshold frequency is highly depende...

Featured Application The paper not only provides method and theoretical guidance for the preparation of long-term stable high-performance hybrid nanofluids, but also gives support for their efficient applications in phase change cold energy storage. Abstract Thermal ice storage has gained a lot of interest due to its ability as cold energy storage...

We hope that this concise e-book will be of wide interest to readers in a wide range of disciplines. We feel that it is high time everyone needs to do her/his part in ensuring food security in the next several decades. The topic of food security indeed needs an encyclopedia to do justice to all the topics and subtopics that are crucially important...

This study is aimed at comparing swell drying versus conventional shade drying and optimizing the texturing by instant controlled pressure drop (DIC) of green okra pods. Differences in quality attributes such as the content of flavonoids, carotenoids, and chlorophyll pigments, functional characteristics such as the antioxidant activity (AOA), micro...

Fungal infection in immuno compromised patients causes skin syndromes and problems. At Present, innovative alternatives are required to cure skin disorders and infections. Luliconazole is a novel, broad spectrum, imidazole antifungal agent. The purpose of this study was to develop biodegradable, pH responsive, chemically cross-linked and Poly (acry...