A. Manut

• Doctor of Philosophy
• MARA University of Technology

Due to its unique electrical and optical properties, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is a promising material for photodetector applications. However, one major issue is the variability in the reduction process, which can result in rGO with varying levels of reduction, structural and electrical properties. The variability can impact photodetector perfo...

Glucose determination method had gain significant interest from the industry for a fast and efficient response especially in the medical area for diabetes patient. Reduced graphene oxide (RGO) had been reported to help and improve the sensitivity of a sensor. The investigation for the optimum pH concentrations using FESEM, EDX, XRD analysis and Ram...

Pristine zinc oxide (ZnO) has various limitations that severely limit the development of ZnO as humidity sensors. However, doping, co-doping, and the implementation of composite structures are excellent methods for improving ZnO nanostructures’ structural, optical, and electrical properties. This review will reveal and discussed various dopant impu...

Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) possesses remnant oxygen functional groups, hydrophilic characteristics, and a large surface area, making it a one-of-a-kind material with unique qualities that are attributed to the reduction of graphene oxide (GO) process. There are numerous ways that can be utilized in the reduction process; however, it has not yet b...

In this work, ZnO thin films were deposited on glass substrates using spin coating method. Different annealing temperature from 400 to 550°C significantly distresses the nature of electrical and optical properties of ZnO thin films have been investigated. The effect of annealing temperature on optical and electrical properties of nanostuctured ZnO...

Low-power circuits are important for many applications, such as Internet of Things. Device variations and fluctuations are challenging their design. Random telegraph noise (RTN) is an important source of fluctuation. To verify a design by simulation, one needs assessing the impact of fluctuation in both driving current $\Delta {I}_{d}$ and thresh...

MATLAB is widely used in all areas of applied mathematics, in education and research at universities, and in the industry. MATLAB stands for MATrixLABoratory and the software is built up around vectors and matrices. This makes the software particularly useful for linear algebra but MATLAB is also a great tool for solving algebraic and differential...

Ion Sensitive Field-Effect Transistor (ISFET) is a kind of sensor that able to differentiate the ion by replacing the gate of the FET with electrode and the membrane. Membrane acts as selector for the ions whereas the sensor detects the ions and converts it into electrical signal. However, the sensor has weakness to detect main ion from the interfe...

Negative bias temperature instability (NBTI)-generated defects (GDs) have been widely observed and known to play an important role in device's lifetime. However, its characterization and modeling in nanoscaled devices is a challenge due to their stochastic nature. The objective of this paper is to develop a fast and accurate technique for character...

To predict the negative bias temperature instability (NBTI) toward the end of pMOSFETs' ten years lifetime, power-law-based extrapolation is the industrial standard method. The prediction accuracy crucially depends on the accuracy of time exponents, n. n reported by early work spreads in a wide range and varies with measurement conditions, which ca...

As CMOS scales down, hot carrier aging (HCA) scales up and can be a limiting aging process again. This has motivated re-visiting HCA, but recent works have focused on accelerated HCA by raising stress biases and there is little information on HCA under use-biases. Early works proposed that HCA mechanism under high and low biases are different, ques...

As CMOS scales down, hot carrier aging (HCA) scales up and can be a limiting aging process again. This has motivated re-visiting HCA, but recent works have focused on accelerated HCA by raising stress biases and there is little information on HCA under use-biases. Early works proposed that HCA mechanism under high and low biases are different, ques...

For nanometer MOSFETs, charging and discharging a single trap induces random telegraph noise (RTN). When there are more than a few traps, RTN signal becomes complex and appears as within a device fluctuation (WDF). RTN/WDF causes jitters in switch timing and is a major challenge to low power circuits. In addition to RTN/WDF, devices also age. The i...

The deposition of Indium doped ZnO thin films using sol gel spin coating technique will be discussed in this paper. The concentrations of indium doping of the thin films were varied from 1.0-5.0 at. % indium. The effect of various doping concentrations 1.0-5.0 at. % indium on electrical, optical properties and gas sensing application were studied....

In this paper report a review on electroluminescent efficiency using a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) complex as an electron blocking layer (EBL) material in emitting organic light emitting diode (OLED). The resulting called BioLED showed a high luminous efficiency. The DNA-based BioLED was as much more efficient and brighter than their OLED counterpa...

In this work, ZnO thin films were deposited on glass substrates using spin coating method. Different annealing temperature from 400 to 550°C significantly distresses the nature of electrical and optical properties of ZnO thin films have been investigated. The effect of annealing temperature on optical and electrical properties of nanostuctured ZnO...

Electroluminescence behavior of Poly [2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy) −1,4-phenylenevinylene] (MEH-PPV) as the emissive layer has been investigated in organic light emitting diode (OLED). The typical structure of polymer light emitting diode (PLED) is gold (Au) / MEH-PPV / ITO (Indium Tin Oxide). In this study, we investigated the EL behavior of sing...

CIGS (Copper (Cu), Indium (In), Galium Ga), Diselenide (Se2)) solar cell is the developing technology because of its low cost production and reliability of CIGS semiconductor itself. In this paper the difference of total current density and the IV curve of the CIGS solar cell will be shown when polysilicon was used as a contact window to replace al...

The renewable-energy sector is fast gaining ground as a new growth area for numerous countries with the vast potential it presents environmentally and economically. Solar energy plays an important role as a primary source of energy, especially for rural area. This paper presents the design and development of high-efficiency dual-axis solar tracking...

This paper reports on the development of the electrical test setup for microfluidic field effect transistor (FET). Testing of the device commences during the fabrication process where various resistivity, grown layer thickness and other parameters are measured. However, these limited measurements do not give insights towards the final device perfor...

This paper presents the development of the prediction algorithm of lubricant degradation based on Beer Lambert's transmittance theory by using Multiple Linear Regressions (MLR). Recently, an increasing amount of wasted lubricant has been due to the unnecessary changing of lubricant even though the lubricant still remains its lubrication behavior. T...

This paper reports on experimental results of radar measurements of basic targets using Ultra Wide Band (UWB) signals. The measurement was conducted in a laboratory room using UWB signals with frequency up to 1 GHz bandwidth. Targets used in this experiment are flat square plate and a square cube made from aluminum plates. It was observed that impr...

This paper discussed about design and characterization of the Inter Digital capacitor. The main objective is to study the effects of width and spacing of the capacitor electrode on capacitance value. Water levels sensors are studied by using Inter Digital Capacitor (IDC) technique on Printed Circuit Board (PCB). IDC technique is used to make the ca...

The fabrication and characterization of static microfluidic transistors on p-silicon is demonstrated. A three photo mask level fabrication process, allows the construction of the microfluidic transistor with multiple channel widths which are 50μm, 100μm and 500μm. The basic device consists of two reservoirs connected via a channel which forms the b...

This paper presents a study of Planar Fringing Electric Field (FEF) as a pH sensor. Fringing Electric Field or FEF is widely used as a structure to detect capacitance in material under test (MUT). The study is carried out using Inter Digital Capacitor (IDC) technique on Printed Circuit Board (PCB). This study is to investigate the effectiveness of...

This paper is to investigate correlation between doping technique towards diffusion rate and oxide growth rate. There are two types of doping technique that has been investigated such as Solid Source, SS and Spin on Dopant, SOD. Four inches wafers were used to investigate the effects of doping technique towards diffusion rate and oxidation rate. Th...

This paper discussed about design, fabrication and characterization of pH transducer on printed circuit board (PCB). The main objective is to explore the possibility of pH transducer by using interdigital capacitor (IDC) on PCB and to study the performance of interdigital capacitor on PCB. The transducer can be used to sense the pH value for a solu...

In this study, a fringing electric field (FEF)- capacitance based wireless soil moisture sensor has been designed, fabricated and tested to measure the volumetric water content (VWC) of soil for application in precision agriculture. Typically, the performance of the sensor is evaluated based on parameters such as penetration depth, signal strength,...

Mechanical geometry such as flexure's beam width, beam length, shin length and movable plate's size variations have effects on the resonance frequency because it's change the values of spring's constant and mass of the structure. This paper presents the effects of these mechanical geometries on resonance of MEMS out-of-plane accelerometer using Arc...

In the design of a capacitive accelerometer, good mechanical sensitivity is desirable. A study of the optimization of flexure geometry in out-of-plane capacitive accelerometer for mechanical sensitivity enhancement is presented in this paper. The movable proof mass is suspended over the stationary electrodes by means of flexures anchored onto the s...

A MEMS lateral capacitive accelerometer was designed and simulated. The accelerometer used in the study is based on gap-difference principle. It consists of 74 pairs of fingers and the proofmass suspended by two straight truss springs at both ends. Important parameters such as displacement, differential capacitance, harmonic response and sensitivit...