A. B. M Amrul Kaish

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia | ukm

Recently, the adoption of recycled concrete instead of normal concrete as infill material in tubular stainless steel members has received great attention from researchers regarding environmental improvement. However, the flexural behavior of recycled concrete-filled stainless steel tube (RCFSST) beams that have been repaired/strengthened using carb...

Compressive strength performance of concrete after exposure to the elevated temperature is important for evaluating and repairing concrete structures. This paper presents an experimental study to determine the residual compressive strength of concrete used in tunnel lining after exposed to tunnel fire. Two types of concrete tunnel lining segments a...

This study investigated the structural behavior of a beam-slab member fabricated using a steel C-Purlins beam carrying a profile steel sheet slab covered by a dry board sheet filled with recycled aggregate concrete, called a CBPDS member. This concept was developed to reduce the cost and self-weight of the composite beam-slab system; it replaces th...

Bagasse is produced as a waste in the sugar production process, which is used as fuel to stoke boilers in the sugar mills. The concluding product of this burning is residual sugarcane bagasse ash (BA), which is normally dumped or used as low-quality fertilizer. The ash for this study was collected from a reputed sugar mill located in the northern r...

Research on different prefabricated cementitious composites for constructing composite concrete columns is comparatively more limited than that of concrete filled steel tube columns. The main objective of this study was to observe the axial compressive behavior of concrete-filled prefabricated cementitious composite tube (CFPCCT) specimens. In the...

Schmidt rebound hammer test was employed in this study as a nondestructive test. This test method has been universally utilized due to its non-destructiveness for quick and easy assessment of material strength properties and quality of concrete of an existing structure. Industrial waste materials (air-dried alum sludge, treated alum sludge, limesto...

The structural fire performance tests for beam-to-column connections are critical in determining their fire performance at high temperatures. The current standard fire testing methods provide the procedures for establishing the fire resistance of each construction element exposed to a standard fire. However, these methods cannot verify the fire beh...

Cracking happens in the case of restricted volumetric shrinking in cementitious materials which has a negative influence on the mechanical characteristics and longevity of concrete materials and hence, reduces the life of concrete structures. Many techniques have been developed to reduce the shrinkage cracking of concrete among which, usage of expa...

Expansive concrete are used to reduce cracking caused by drying shrinkage in concrete structures such as slabs, beams, columns, and pavement constructions. Although CaO and Sulphoaluminate based expansive agents have been used for decades, MgO-based expansive agents have demonstrated superior performance since 1970, especially for concrete dam stru...

Geopolymerization is widely used in the construction sector for its characteristics of strong compressive strengths, quick hardening, long-term durability, fire resistance, and erosion resistance. This paper has gone through the geopolymer performances utilizing coal bottom ash (CBA), CBA blended with fly ash (FA), CBA mixed together with slag, and...

Cracking happens in the case of restricted volumetric shrinking in cementitious materials which has a negative influence on the mechanical characteristics and longevity of concrete materials and hence, reduces the life of concrete structures. Many techniques have been developed to reduce the shrinkage cracking of concrete among which, usage of expa...

A full-scale tunnel fire test requires extensive preparation of the fire source and an empirical design setup of the tunnel to reach 1200 °C of tunnel fire temperature. This paper shows comprehensive experimental research on the method of designing a large scale fire test setup for new unloaded concrete tunnel segments. The thermal and spalling beh...

Water treatment plant generates alum sludge as waste during the process of treating drinking water for human consumption. Notwithstanding the benefits of treating water, there are still problems associated with the disposal of waste generated from the water treatment plant after the treatment process. Studies have shown that the conventional dispos...

This study aimed at investigating the effect of different industrial waste material as partial replacement of fine aggregate on strength properties of normal concrete. For economical and sustainability of natural resources, use of some industrial waste can demonstrate numerous benefits for the construction industry. Nevertheless, there is limited s...

Fire exposure can have a significant impact on the structural integrity and robustness of precast concrete beam-to-column connections. Given the importance of fire safety in the design of a structure, it is critical to understand the damage that may occur in the event of a fire to be able to prevent the building from collapsing. No comprehensive st...

The effectiveness of a new structural material, namely textile-reinforced mortar (TRM), was investigated experimentally in this study as a means of confining circular RC columns with two layers at different wrapping design. Four circular columns with size 600 mm height and 150 mm diameter were wrapped with glass fibre mesh at different types of wra...

Rapid growth in industrial development has raised the concern of proper disposal of the by-products generated in industries. Many of them may cause serious pollution to the air, land, and water if dumped in open landfills. Agricultural and municipal wastes also cause environmental issues if not managed properly. Besides, minimizing the carbon footp...

Workability is a function of the rheological properties of concrete which consist of stability, consistency and compatibility, it is also attributed to the physical property of a newly mixed concrete that determines the homogeneity at which a mix will be placed in form and finished without segregation of the individual materials. This paper present...

Due to the negative environmental effect involved in cement production researchers are now sourcing for sustainable materials that can be used as a replacement of cement in construction work. Material like fly ash-based geopolymer which is a sustainable material has been used in several studies as replacement of cement. This study focused on develo...

Non-destructive testing (NDT) of concrete to evaluate its properties has been observed getting attention increasingly in many countries. One of such NDT method is ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) test. However, limited amount of research have been reported to investigate properties of self-compacting concrete (SCC) where Portland cement is replaced...

Self-compacting or self-flowing fibre reinforced mortar (FRM) is required for strengthening of structural concrete utilizing cementitious composites. In this study, high- strength FRM with self-flowing properties is developed using high volume (50% by weight of cement) blended pozzolans and low-cost nylon fibre. A mixture of fly ash, slag and silic...

Proper design of mixing proportions is the key factor to appreciate the benefits and advantages of self-compacting concrete (SCC). Determining a proper water-to-powder ratio is a crucial step in designing SCC. Mini slump flow test of mortar, as recommended by the EFNARC, is popularly used to check the water-to-powder ratio in the design process. Th...

Materials management is a vital element in managing projects as materials contribute more than 60% of the total project cost. It also plays a key role because the success of every construction project relies heavily on having materials on time and at a reasonable cost. Thus, it affects the overall project performance. Despite the importance of mate...

Ferrocement jacketing is an effective strengthening tool for RC column. The installation of ferrocement jacket is very easy; it does not require highly skilled labor to install. However, its’ installation is time consuming over the commonly used technique, like fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) jacketing. It also requires 4 weeks curing to achieve str...

The type of concrete called Self-compacting concrete (SCC) is well accepted nowadays by construction industries because of its flowability. In this study, the effect of natural zeolite (NZ) (Clinoptilolite) on the behaviour of self-compacting concrete was observed. Different percentages of NZ (5, 10 and 15%) by weight of cement were used in replaci...

Malaysia alone generates approximately 30,000 tons of rubbish every day containing around 13% of solid plastic waste. Besides conventional recycling and landfilling, an alternative disposal of this waste is required for sustainable development. Adding plastic waste as a fiber in concrete would play an important role to reduce plastic waste. This st...

The challenge of repairing cracked or damaged concrete has been increasing worldwide. Several cement-based materials, such as ferrocement, fiber-reinforced cementitious mortar (FRCM), and textilereinforced mortar (TRM), have been developed and used to address the aforementioned challenge. Self-consolidating mortar is required to accelerate structur...

Disposal of cathode ray tube (CRT) glass is becoming a major threat to the environment all over the world. Due to the inclusion of latest technology (LCD, LED) in TV monitor manufacturing, CRT is no longer recycled to new CRT monitor. CRT glass has now been sent to the landfilling due to high cost for recycling it to other type of glass; because it...

Cracking is a common problem in concrete structures in real-life service conditions. In fact, crack-free concrete structures are very rare to find in real world. Concrete can undergo early-age cracking depending on the mix composition, exposure environment, hydration rate, and curing conditions. Understanding the causes and consequences of cracking...

The disposal of alum sludge (AS) produced from drinking water treatment plants is gradually becoming a threat to the environment. The conventional disposal by landfill is not feasible because AS is considered as hazardous waste. By contrast, treated alum sludge (TAS) contains useful chemical compounds (silicon dioxide and aluminium trioxide which a...

Ferrocement jacketing is an effective strengthening tool for RC column. The installation of ferrocement jacket is very easy; it does not require highly skilled labor to install. However, its’ installation is time consuming over the commonly used technique, like fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) jacketing. It also requires 4 weeks curing to achieve str...

Cement production industry is one of the largest industries, which is becoming one of the biggest environmental concerns of the world. About 6% of the global CO2 emission comes from this industry. An improvement in cement quality and application process can result in a lot of savings in terms of resources and environmental pollution without hinderi...

The retrofitting and strengthening of concrete structures are becoming integral parts in construction and structural engineering practices owing to various situations that necessitate the enhancement in the capacity of structural members. Ferrocement composites are widely used for structural strengthening and rehabilitation in developing countries....

Pervious concrete is an exclusive type of concrete that permits high volume of water to pass through it and a photocatalyst is a material that has capacities as an impetus (changes the rate of a synthetic response) when presented with light. This paper reviews the scientific literature on the utilization of photocatalyst in pervious concrete for st...

Bangladesh has about 710 km long coastline at its southern part. This huge coastal region is very much prone to tidal surge and cyclones; and approximately in every 5 years devastating cyclonic storm hits these coastal areas. The entire coastline suffers serious damage of locally built traditional or non-engineered houses in almost every year. Ther...

Ferrocement technology is becoming more and more important these days for strengthening and retrofitting of concrete structures mainly due to its inherent strength properties. However, its labour intensive nature makes it undesirable for rapid strengthening works. In narrow spaces, strengthening with conventional ferrocement is very critical and al...

Artificial photosynthesis is copying in practically less complex structure to achieve the consequences of natural photosynthesis. The process includes coupling solar powered driven water splitting and CO2 reduction. It takes place in a way that dispenses with the requirement for an external, sacrificial electron donor is one of the colossal difficu...

Self-flowing mortar (SFM) is being popular in recent time. Its’ easy-placement nature makes it suitable for narrow or congested reinforced places. To comply with modern-age needs, many supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) are gaining importance nowadays. Using industrial and agricultural wastes as SCM, ensures proper management of many hazar...

The utilization of pozzolans in cementitious system (concrete and mortar) minimizes both cost and energy. It also enhances mechanical strength and durability of the system. The total contribution of pozzolans can be categorized into two: (i) physical or filler effect which is attributed by the fineness of the particles and (ii) chemical or pozzolan...

A variety of materials and methods have been tried to strengthen a shear deficient RC column. Ferrocement exhibits high in-plain shear strength, thus the material will perform well when it is used to confine RC columns to enhance their seismic performance. A number of models have been proposed for shear strengthening of RC columns. However, none of...

Visually impaired students (VIS) are unable to get visual information, which has made their learning process complicated. This paper discusses the overall situation of VIS in Bangladesh and identifies major challenges that they are facing in getting education. The Braille system is followed to educate blind students in Bangladesh. However, lack of...

Applications of Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCM) in construction industry are getting priority due to environmental friendly behavior as well as enhanced mechanical and durability properties. Considering the characteristics of SCM, properly burnt and ground Rice Husk Ash (RHA) has significant potential on account of rich reactive silica (...

In this paper an alternative way of releasing heat of building is investigated in order to reduce energy demand of building built in tropical environment. Underground soil is considered as a source for extracting heat from building through thermal conductivity pipes. Thermal conductivity pipes are considered to be fixed on the inner faces of the wa...

The confinement effect over the cross-section of a square column is non-uniform compared to the same of a circular column. Concentration of stresses and subsequent cracking in the confining external jacket occurs at the corners of a square column; and thus the effectiveness of external jacket in such column is reduced significantly. The conventiona...

Rice husk is an agro-industrial by-product with high silica content. With proper incineration and controlled burning, this husk becomes a pozzolanic material that can be used for replacement of cement at various percentages of dosage. Proper techniques of combustion and grinding are two main factors for producing reactive rice husk ash (RHA). The n...

An experimental investigation analysing the behaviour of ferrocement confined cylindrical concrete specimens under axial compression is presented. A total of 12 cylindrical concrete specimens of three different sizes (150 mm, 100 mm and 75 mm diameters) were tested. Each type of specimens were jacketed with ferrocement having single layer of welded...

The filler effect of pozzzolanic materials is defined as proper arrangement of small particles into the microstructure that fill the voids and contribute towards improvement of compressive strength without any chemical reaction. This effect of pozzolan plays a vital role for the production of high strength mortar. The filler effect is dominating wh...

The photocatalytic degradation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the indoor air is an established method for improving the indoor environment. This paper investigates the photocatalytic degradation of ethyl benzene and toluene by using a new photocatalyst LiNbO 3 . LiNbO 3 is applied as a coating material on the concrete surface and investi...

Rice Husk Ash (RHA) is an established supplementary cementitious material (SCM). Extensive research has been carried out to incorporate RHA as a SCM in casting concrete and mortar. RHA contributes in two fold of effects in concrete or mortar; i.e. filler effect and pozzolanic effect. Replacement percentages of RHA used in various previous studies w...

This study focuses on the improvement of square jacketing technique in effective restrengthening of existing RC building column. Square jacketing technique can’t effectively provide lateral confinement due to stress concentration and subsequent cracking at the corners. In order to overcome this problem, two different approaches are taken into accou...

Corrosion is the main problem in Reinforced concrete (RC). RC usually absorbs carbon dioxide from surrounding environment in operational period. This carbon dioxide reacts with the calcium oxide, which is already present in RC and forms a calcium carbonate an acidic compound that enhances corrosion on the surface of the reinforcement. Addition of p...

This paper focuses geo energy based cooling of building in tropical country like Malaysia where temperature rises in daytime and goes beyond to a comfortable limit. In this study inside temperature of the room in daytime is considered to be reduced by adding thermal conductivity media inside the room elements such as walls through its connectivity...

Conventional square ferrocement jacketing (square jacketing with single or multiple layers wire mesh) cannot provide lateral confinement effectively in restrengthening of square RC column due to stresses concentration at the column corners. Therefore, improvement of conventional square ferrocement jacketing technique is focused in this study. Three...

Portland cement is the primary constituent of concrete and is produced and used in large quantities. However, cement production involves significant CO2 emissions. CO2 emits from both industrial process and fuel combustion in cement production. During the industrial process CO2 is emitted due to the heating of limestone to obtain calcium oxide (CaO...

The paper computes the two-dimensional incompressible flow through one-sided lid driven square cavity based on finite element method (FEM). Unlike the existing finite element method for incompressible flow simulation, which was based on primitive-variables Navier–Stokes equations, the target macroscopic equations of the present model are vorticity-...

The paper focuses on simulation of turbulent flow in a two-sided lid-driven square cavity containing an incompressible fluid using a finite element method (FEM). The flow is driven by the parallel motion to two facing walls. The top and bottom horizontal walls of the cavity are moving parallel to each one on its own plane at a constant while the le...

This paper investigates the behaviour of ferrocement encased square reinforced concrete (RC) columns subjected to monotonically increasing small eccentric load. Three different types of square jacketing techniques have been studied experimentally to find out the effectiveness of ferrocement confinement of RC columns against eccentric loading. Six s...