A. M. Abd El-Rahman

• Ph.D.
• Professor at King Abdulaziz University

In2O3 and In2O3/CuO multilayer films were prepared using dc reactive magnetron sputtering for the possible usage as Vis-light photodetector. The structural, morphological, optical, and I–V characteristics were examined. X-ray diffraction revealed the presence of polycrystalline cubic In2O3 and monoclinic CuO phases. The EDAX elemental mapping of In...

The purpose of this research is to look into the production of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using an efficient and surfactant-free hydrothermal process for use as a photocatalytic agent in the purification of organic polluted water. The structural characteristics, optical properties, and photocatalytic performance of ZnO NPs have all been stu...

Photocatalytic degradation of dyes is an important issue in environmental science and pollution research. The dyes present in water are highly toxic, carcinogenic, and xenobiotic towards living organisms. Herein, titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) were synthesized by a surfactant-templated hydrothermal technique at low temperature (75°C) for...

N:TiO2 thin films were sputtered on glass, Si(100) and FTO substrates at various nitrogen to total reactive gas flow ratio (η). Tetragonal anatase phase were indexed for all prepared films. The incorporation of nitrogen into the TiO2 film did not have significant influence on the crystal structure. Slight decrease in the peak intensities and grain...

Nitriding, annealing, and carbonitriding processes are conducted to modify the surface of AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel via radio frequency plasma. A ~20 μm thick nitride layer is obtained in ten minutes at a plasma power of 450 W. Hence, all nitrided samples are annealed under vacuum for one hour at 400 ˚C. The nitrided-annealed samples are...

Pure In2O3 and mixed Mn2O3–In2O3 nanomaterials were synthesized via vapor transport method. The X-ray diffraction patterns demonstrated the cubic crystalline phase for pure In2O3 sample, whereas a combination of cubic In2O3 and orthorhombic Mn2O3 phases were observed for the mixed sample. The scanning electron microscopy images revealed the formati...

This study investigates the production of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) utilizing an efficient and surfactant-free hydrothermal method for use as a photocatalytic agent in the purification of organic polluted water. The structural features, optical properties and photocatalytic performance of ZnO NPs have been investigated. XRD, SEM, HR-TEM, F...

Iron-based shape memory alloys (Fe-SMAs) are used in civil engineering. However, acid-induced corrosion is a major concern for such applications. In this study, the surfaces of shape memory Fe63Mn27Si4Cr6 alloy samples were treated with plasma at different powers (300–450 W). The treatment procedure was accomplished via applying a gaseous mixture c...

The UV irradiation method has been used to activate titanium dioxide nanoparticles in order to improve the performance of organic solar cells by improving the properties of the photoactivated nanocomposite layer (TiO 2 NPs). Polymer solar cells were created using an FTO/(PAni-TiO 2)/Ag system. PAni-TiO 2 nanocomposite films were formed using a seri...

Severe research efforts are still underway to improve the performance of polyaniline (PAni)-based photoactive layers, which are one of the cheapest materials used in the production of organic solar cells. Polymer solar cells were created using an ITO/(PAni-TiO 2)/Au system. To improve the efficiency of the synthesised solar cells, the photoactive l...

TiN films with different thicknesses (17.9–102.8 nm) were prepared using rf magnetron sputtering to study the effect thickness on the plasmonic, electrical, and optical properties. X-ray diffraction revealed the amorphous-like structure for thinner films with thicknesses lower than 50.3 nm, whereas polycrystalline of face-centered cubic TiN structu...

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO 2 NPs) were synthesized by a surfactant-templated hydrothermal method at low temperature (75 0 C) for photocatalytic applications. Investigation of structural, optical and photocatalytic properties of TiO 2 NPs were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution tran...

In this work, the nanotechnology procedure was utilized to improve both the adhesion force and surface properties of graphene oxide (GO) films. GO has been obtained in a powder form by oxidation purified graphite using the modified Hummer's technique. Different films of GO nanoparticles (NPs) were deposited using several types of solvents distilled...

Oxygen radio-frequency (RF) plasma technique is one of the most novel directions used to improve the physical and chemical properties of graphene oxide (GO). Herein, plasma treatment is used to enhance the chemical functionalization and reduced levels of the GO material for electronic and solar cell applications. GO films were chemically synthesize...

Graphene Oxide (GO) has attracted strong research interest due to its unique mechanical, thermal, electrical, and magnetic properties. Herein, a simple oxygen plasma process is used as an eco-friendly, novel and effective surface treatment technique to enhance the microstructure, adhesion force, and electrical properties of the GO films. GO films w...

Severe research attempts are still in progress to improve the performance of polyaniline (PAni) based photoactive layers as one of the cheapest materials used for manufacturing organic solar cells. Herein, polymer solar cells were fabricated with ITO/(PAni-TiO2)/Au system. The photoactive layers (PAni-TiO2) were treated with a hydrogen-plasma disch...

Severe research attempts are still in progress to improve the performance of polyaniline (PAni) based photoactive layers as one of the cheapest materials used for manufacturing organic solar cells. Herein, polymer solar cells were fabricated with ITO/(PAni-TiO 2)/Au system. The photoactive layers (PAni-TiO 2) were treated with a hydrogen-plasma dis...

To improve the performance of organic solar cells by enhancing the properties of the photoactivated nanocomposite layer, the UV irradiation process was used to activate titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO 2 NPs). Herein, polymer solar cells were fabricated with FTO/(PAni-TiO 2)/Ag system. A series of mixed polyaniline (PAni) with 20% of activated T...

The aim of the study was to examine the properties of SnO2 and SnO2−xNx nanowires (NWs) grown on the walls of the boat of the vapor transport system. Nanowires of SnO2 and SnO2−xNx were synthesized using Ar plus O2 and N2 plus O2 gas mixtures, respectively. The obtained chemical compositions were SnO2 and SnO1.71N0.18. In both cases, tetragonal sin...

To optimize the tribo-mechanical performance of thick Ti-Si-CN nanocomposite coatings for a wide range of harsh industrial applications, reactive gases of nitrogen and trimethylsilane were employed with specific flow rates of PEMS process. Plasma-enhanced magnetron sputtering (PEMS) was employed for depositing thick Ti-Si-C-N nanocomposite (22-27 µ...

Owing to the desired mechanical and biomedical characteristics of TiN-based coatings and the encourage features of pulsed magnetron sputtering, the current study was conducted to deposit Ti-Al-N thin film on AISI 316 using DC pulsed magnetron sputtering. All processing parameters were constant excluding the pulsed magnetron power which was varied f...

Abstract. In this work, the nanotechnology procedure was utilized to improve both the adhesion force and surface properties of graphene oxide (GO) films. GO has been obtained in a powder form by oxidation purified graphite using the modified Hummer’s technique. Different films of GO nanoparticles (NPs) were deposited using several types of solvents...

Titanium oxynitride (TiOxNy) films capped with 10 nm titanium oxide (TiO2) layer were prepared using reactive direct current magnetron sputtering from pure Ti target. Part of the samples was annealed. Energy dispersive analysis of X-ray revealed that all the samples contain nitrogen and the incorporation of nitrogen into the oxynitrides is not line...

The DC-pulsed magnetron sputtering was employed to deposit Ti–Zr–N thin film on AISI 316 substrates. All the plasma parameters were kept to be constant except the plasma-processing power which was varied from 125 to 250 W. The structure, tribological, electrochemical and biocompatibility properties of Ti–Zr–N films have been investigated. X-ray pat...

Metal plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition (MPIIID) is employed to produce TiAlN hard coatings on Ti substrate. To improve the load-bearing capacity of Ti substrate, nitrogen PIII is used to prepare a bearing TiN layer on Ti-base substrate. The MPIIID process is performed using Ti50:Al50 target for different nitrogen/argon gas fractions...

In the present study, Ti-Al-V-N coatings were synthesized onto Ti-6AI-4V substrates by plasma enhanced magnetron sputtering (PEMS) of two commercial sputter targets of Ti-6A1-4V in an Ar/N-2 gas mixture. After that, the as-synthesized coatings were annealed in air atmosphere at temperature ranging from 500 degrees C to 900 degrees C. The as-synthes...

Titanium oxynitrides combine the properties of metallic oxides and nitrides. In this presentation, titanium was oxynitrided using inductively coupled RF plasma in a gas mixture containing 80% N 2 and 20% O 2. The effect of plasma-processing power from 350 up to 550 W on microstructure, mechanical , tribological, wettability and electrochemical prop...

AISI 321 austenitic stainless steel was treated using rf plasma carbonitriding with the intention of use low-cost orthopedic implant material in biomedical applications. The treatment process was carried at low working gas pressure of 0.075 mbar in nitrogen-acetylene gaseous mixture to form a superficial carbonitrided layer. The samples were treate...

AISI 321 austenitic stainless steel was treated using rf plasma carbonitriding with the intention of use low-cost orthopedic implant material in biomedical applications. The treatment process was carried at low working gas pressure of 0.075 mbar in nitrogen-acetylene gaseous mixture to form a superficial carbonitrided layer. The samples were treate...

Plasma-immersion ion implantation (PIII) is a potent method to obtain hard and wear-resistant surface on Ti by nitrogen implantation. This presentation is one part of a sequence of experiments to optimize the microstructure and physical properties of TiN through adapting the plasma-processing parameters. In this work, nitrogen ions were implanted i...

Nitrided surfaces and composition gradients in thin films exhibit interesting mechanical, electrical, and optical properties. Therefore, amorphous hydrogen-free silicon (a-Si) thin films were deposited by electron beam evaporation and subsequently nitrided by an inductively coupled rf plasma. The effects of successive plasma-processing cyclic time...

Titanium nitrides have good mechanical, biomedical and optical properties, therefore they are used to harden and protect cutting and sliding surfaces and as a non-toxic exterior for bio-medical applications. Nitrogen plasma immersion implantation (PIII), in which the diffusion of nitrogen from low pressure r.f. plasma is combined with the implantat...

Nitrided surfaces and composition gradients in thin films exhibit interesting mechanical, electrical and optical properties. Therefore, silicon (Si) thin films were prepared by electron beam evaporation and nitrided by an inductively coupled rf plasma. The effects of successive plasma processing power on structural and optical properties as well as...

Nitrided surfaces and composition gradients in thin films exhibit interesting mechanical, electrical and optical properties. Therefore, silicon (Si) thin films were prepared by electron beam evaporation and nitrided by an inductively coupled rf plasma. The effects of successive plasma processing power on structural and optical properties as well as...

An anticorrosive and wear-resistant superficial top layer was distinctly produced in AISI 321 austenitic stainless steel by rf plasma carbonitriding. Details about the elemental distribution profiles and the microstructure of the carbonitrided samples, as a function of treatment temperature, were characterized by glow discharge optical spectroscopy...

Carbonitriding of AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel was performed at a plasma-processing power of 450 W using inductively coupled radio frequency (rf) plasma in a gas mixture of 50% N2 and 50% C2H2. The rate of carbonitriding, microhardness, phase structure of the compound layer, surface microstructure and cross-section morphology were studied be...

The surface of a component is very critical to maintain the proper functions when it is directly exposed to a very harsh environment. Various commercial treatments are available to enhance the surface properties including heat treatment and painting. For over a half of a century, plasmas have been studied for enhancing the surface properties of mat...

AISI-304 austenitic stainless steel has been nitrocarburized in N2 and C2H2 ambient using high-voltage plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII) technology. The use of different PIII treatment times revealed important hints with respect to the microstructural, mechanical and corrosion properties of the nitrocarburized layer. Grazing incidence X-ray...

Surface of 304 AISI austenitic stainless steel has been modified using duplex treatment technique of nitriding and carbonitriding. A thick modified nitrided layer, of approximately 20 µm, has been achieved when rf inductively coupled plasma was adjusted at 450 W for processing time of only 10 min. After performing the nitrided layer, the nitrided s...

In this work, duplex treatment has been carried out using radio frequency (rf) plasma nitriding process and direct current (dc) magnetron sputtering of titanium. Nitriding of AISI 304 stainless steel, using rf plasma technique, created a thick modified layer of approximately 20 μm for short plasma processing time of 10 min. After nitriding process,...

Zirconium oxynitride films were deposited onto glass and Si (1 0 0) substrates at room temperature by pulsed reactive dc magnetron sputtering of a metallic Zr target in an Ar/O2/N2 atmosphere. The structural, compositional and optical properties of the deposited films were found to depend on the ratio of nitrogen partial pressure to the total react...

The present work describes the surface improvement and biocompatibility of TiAl24Nb10 intermetallic alloy using rf plasma nitriding. The nitriding process was carried out at different plasma power from 400 W to 650 W where the other plasma conditions were fixed. Grazing incidence X-ray diffractometry (GIXRD), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), trib...

ZnO thin films were prepared by thermal oxidation of metallic Zn films and nitrided by an inductively coupled rf plasma. The effects of successive plasma processing cyclic times on structural and optical properties as well as electrical resistivity were examined by different characterization techniques. A small amount of nitrogen was detected at th...

Plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII) has been employed for nitrocarburizing 304 stainless steel. The sample was treated at relatively low gas pressure of nitrogen and acetylene in the range of 10−3 mbar. The microstructure variation, the austenite lattices spacing and the phase transformations were studied in-situ during heating up to 800 °C an...

The depth dependence of elemental composition, phase distribution, and cross-sectional morphology of rf plasma nitrocarburized 304 austenitic stainless steel were investigated using glow discharge optical spectroscopy (GDOS), grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD), and optical microscopy, respectively. A step-wise mechanical polishing method w...

Plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII) has been used to modify the surface properties of 304 austenitic stainless steel (AISI). The influence of working gas pressure, 0.2–1.0 Pa, and substrate temperature, 300–500 °C, on the microstructure, treating rate, nitrogen/carbon concentration depth profile, and surface microhardness was investigated. A g...

Adding C2H2 gas to nitrogen gas during r.f. plasma processing has significant influence on the properties of 304 austenitic stainless steel. The elemental depth profiles of the compound layer were investigated by glow discharge optical spectroscopy. Different treatment gas compositions of N2/C2H2 mixtures (0–100% in steps of 10 or 5% in some cases)...

Radio frequency (rf) inductively coupled plasma was used for carbonitriding the surface of AISI-304 austenitic stainless steel (ASS) samples at different input plasma powers (300–650 W). The morphology and the microstructure of the treated surfaces of carbonitrided austenitic stainless steel samples (CNASS) were examined by optical microscopy (OM)...

The rf plasma carbonitriding of AISI-304 austenitic stainless steel was examined as a function of plasma time. The properties of the carbonitrided layer were determined using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and microhardness testing. For the sample treated for 10 min, the rate of carbonitriding was calculated to...