"Stomatology" or even "Stomatognatology" is an evolution of the term "Dentistry" or "Odontology".
As science evolves, the definition of any given science evolves and as a consequence the concept must evolve.
In Venezuela the first term used was Dentistry and eventually was named Odontology (Odontología) and the previous concept was left to refer to an empirical, non-academic practice.
Even though the heart and crib of our profession are the teeth; our profession studies and treats a lot more... the entire mouth and masticatory system (stoma and gnatos), meaning soft and hard tissues that comprise and limit such system.
Some universities have adopted the use of the Stomatology noun, such as:
Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí in Mexico: http://www.estomatologia.uaslp.mx/ Facultad de Estomatología de la Habana in Cuba: http://www.facest.sld.cu/
And so on.
Besides being a "Dentist" I am a "Stomatological Physician" (Médico Estomatólogo) which is synonym to Oral or Oral and Maxillofacial Physician, but over here some medical doctors refer to me just as a Stomatologist as distinct to Dentist, which is not right.
In conclusion:
Dentist=Odontologist=Stomatologist=Stomatognatologist (a bit too complicated to use LOL).
Stomatology is the evolution of the former.
