Question
Asked 5 January 2025

What do you think about the poor management of soil and poor agricultural practices as one of the primary contributor of air pollution?

Poor soil management contribution to air pollution
Poor agricultural management role to air pollution

All Answers (3)

W.V. Tharindu Amarasinghe
The University of Tokyo
Dear Bishal,
Whether it is poorly managed or not, agriculture is a source of air pollutants. Nitrogen fertilizer and livestock waste are the main sources. Poorly managed practices such as excess adding of N-rich fertilizers cause more release of Ammonia. I am not an expert in this field but as an environmental scientist, I can say good agriculture practices is a key to reducing the effect of agriculture on air pollution.
Abdelhak Maghchiche
University of Batna 2
Poor soil management and inadequate agricultural practices significantly contribute to air pollution through dust emissions, greenhouse gas releases, and the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Adopting sustainable agricultural practices can mitigate these impacts, improving both soil health and air quality.
Saadiyah Hasan Halos
Ministry of science and tecnology, Directorate of space technology and Communication.
Unsustainable agricultural practices lead to a reduction of organic matter in the soil, which impairs the soil's ability to break down organic pollutants. This increases the risk of releasing pollutants into the environment. In many countries, intensive crop production has depleted the soil, which threatens our ability to maintain production in these regions in the future.

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Call For Papers, Interested?
Question
2 answers
  • Dimitrios KatsanosDimitrios Katsanos
Special Issue title: Satellite Remote Sensing for Meteorological Disaster Monitoring and Forecasting
Dear Colleagues,
Satellite remote sensing has changed meteorological science by allowing detailed and solid observation of Earth’s atmospheric and surface conditions. The climate change-driven increase in meteorological disasters like floods, droughts, heatwaves and wildfires makes remote sensing fundamental for monitoring, analyzing and forecasting such events. Satellite technology advancements provide crucial knowledge for disaster management, enhancing understanding and improving early warning systems. State-of-the-art monitoring and forecasting techniques are needed to mitigate possible impacts.
The aim of this Special Issue is to present recent developments in the use of satellite remote sensing for the monitoring and forecasting of meteorological disasters. It is expected to address core areas of geospatial science and environmental monitoring. Invited contributions may cover innovative techniques, data integration methods, and case studies that highlight the application of remote sensing for real-time disaster tracking, early warning, and post-disaster assessment.
In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. To provide a versatile survey of satellite remote sensing for meteorological disaster monitoring and forecasting, we invite submissions across a range of topics, including (but not limited to) the following:
  • Techniques for integrating satellite data with ground-based observations and model outputs;
  • Advanced data assimilation methods to improve meteorological disaster forecasting;
  • Real-time systems for early detection of meteorological hazards;
  • Recent satellite missions (e.g., GOES, Sentinel) designed for atmospheric monitoring;
  • Algorithm for automating disaster detection and tracking;
  • Studies linking satellite observation to climate-induced changes in disaster patterns;
  • Remote sensing for evaluating the impacts of meteorological disasters;
  • Techniques for assessing recovery and resilience in affected areas;
  • Novel remote sensing technologies (e.g., radar) that enhance disaster monitoring capabilities;
  • Applications of AI and machine learning in analyzing satellite data for forecasting.
Global Warming Problems and Solutions
Discussion
5 replies
  • Deleted profile
1. Global warming issues
1. Rising temperatures
⦁ Global average temperatures rise due to greenhouse gas emissions, leading to frequent extreme weather.
2. Glacier melting
⦁ The melting of Arctic and Antarctic ice caps and glaciers accelerates, causing sea level rise and threatening coastal cities.
3. Ecosystem destruction
⦁ Biodiversity decreases, many species face the risk of extinction, and the ecological balance is destroyed.
4. Food security
⦁ Climate change affects agricultural production, leading to food shortages and rising prices, threatening global food security.
5. Water shortage
⦁ Drought and extreme climate lead to water shortages, affecting human drinking water and agricultural irrigation.
6. Health issues
⦁ Hot weather, increased pollution, and the expansion of the spread of diseases are not conducive to human health.
🔖 2. Solutions to global warming
1. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions
⦁ Promote renewable energy (such as solar and wind energy) to replace fossil fuels.
⦁ Improve energy efficiency and encourage the use of efficient appliances and transportation.
2. Afforestation
⦁ Plant trees on a large scale to restore forest ecosystems and absorb carbon dioxide.
⦁ Increase the proportion of urban greening and increase the carbon sink capacity of cities.
3. Promote sustainable agriculture
⦁ Adopt organic farming to reduce the use of fertilizers and pesticides.
⦁ Promote methods such as crop rotation and intercropping to improve soil health and biodiversity.
4. Develop a circular economy
⦁ Improve resource utilization efficiency and reduce waste generation.
⦁ Encourage recycling and reuse to reduce the environmental impact of production and consumption.
5. Policy and legislation
⦁ Formulate and implement strict emission standards to encourage companies to reduce carbon emissions.
⦁ The government should invest in infrastructure construction to promote the development of a low-carbon economy.
6. Public education and participation
⦁ Raise public awareness of climate change and encourage individuals to adopt environmentally friendly behaviors.
⦁ Enhance public participation and sense of responsibility through community activities and volunteer services.
🔖 III. Conclusion
Global warming is a complex and urgent issue that requires joint efforts from governments, businesses and individuals to solve. By taking effective mitigation and adaptation measures, we can create a more sustainable future for the next generation.
Why have changes in the North Atlantic Oscillation increased during the 20th century? Can climate change be predicted in the future?
Discussion
1 reply
  • Abbas KashaniAbbas Kashani
Why have changes in the North Atlantic Oscillation increased during the 20th century? Can climate change be predicted in the future?
The North Atlantic Oscillation explains a large part of the climate variability across the North Atlantic Ocean From the east coast of North America across Europe, many studies of the North Atlantic Oscillation in extreme weather conditions in this region, especially in Winter is relevant. It has motivated a significant study of this pattern. However, an overlooked feature is how the North Atlantic Oscillation has changed over time. There is a significant increase in the variance of the pattern. The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) increased during the 20th century from 32% in 1930 to 53% at the end of the 20th century. Whether this change is due to natural variation, a forced response to climate change, or a combination thereof is not yet clear. However, we found no evidence for a forced response from the Model Comparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) set of 50 pairwise models. All of these models showed significant internal variability in the strength of the North Atlantic Oscillation, but were biased toward it. In the region, this has direct implications for both long-term and short-term forecasting where regional climate changes are extreme. The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is a pattern of variability associated with sea surface pressure over the North Atlantic Ocean with a subpolar low and subtropical high. The NAO is associated with large-scale changes in the position and intensity of both the storm track and the jet stream over the North Atlantic, and therefore plays a direct role in shaping the atmospheric transport of heat and moisture across the basin (Fasullo et al., 2020). ). It has also been shown that the NAO has a large effect on the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation and therefore the oceanic heat transfer, and this is the largest time scale of 20-30 years, which leads to changes in northern hemisphere temperatures of a few tenths. a degree (Delworth and Zeng, 2016). NAO has positive and negative. It shows significant interannual phase and changes. The positive phase of NAO shows between the two phases of pressure below the normal limit in the subpolar region and high pressure above the normal limit in the subtropics. It is often associated with a decrease in temperature and precipitation, an anomaly in southern Europe and an increase in precipitation, an anomaly in northern Europe, the effects of the NAO across the basin and the positive phase are also associated with it. Positive temperature anomaly in the eastern United States. The opposite pattern and its effects are observed during the period when the NAO is in its negative phase (Weisheimer et al., (2017). It has long been established that the NAO dominates climate variability over a large part of the Northern Hemisphere. The eastern coast of North America across Europe to the center of Russia and from the Arctic in the north to the subtropical Atlantic Ocean (Horrell et al., 2003) is one of the important components of winter variability and is related to the frequency and intensity of weather extremes. in Europe (Hilock and Goodes, 2004; Scaife et al., 2008; Fan et al., 2016). Therefore, it is necessary to understand the scale of natural variability in the NAO, how the NAO responds to changes in external forcing, and whether these If current climate models fail to account for natural variability or NAO forcing, this could lead to radical predictions of extreme climate change in Europe on time scales of decades to centuries.An index for the NAO is often identified in one of two
ways. The first approach is to calculate the normalized difference in surface pressure between the subtropical high (Azores High) and subpolar low (Icelandic Low) over the North Atlantic sector. The second approach is to perform an Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis on sea level pressure over the North Atlantic region. An EOF analysis separates the variability in the sea level pressure into orthogonal modes, with the first mode containing the largest proportion of the variability and each subsequent mode containing progressively less. When an EOF analysis is used to calculate the NAO, the first mode indicates the NAO index, while the second and third modes usually provide the North Atlantic ridge and Scandinavian blocking patterns (Cassou et al., 2004).

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