Kinetic Turbine (Hydro-Turbine)

To cater to wide head & power variation , in run off river projects with head range from 5-25m , & output from 15-40 MW triple regulation bulb turbines will be very suitable option . (Triple regulation means In addition to Guide vanes & runner blade regulation , variable speed by changing excitation frequency) . Has this technology been used on actual projects ?. Which manufacturers have this technology. like GE, Voith , Andritz , Hitachi , Toshiba or other chineses / European OEMs

Any technical papers or literature on Variable speed bulb turbines with triple regulation for runoff river plants, references, what is todays status of this technology ?

The well field I'm studying has 11 wells that sit right on the edge of a major river. It's a two layer model and it is a water table aquifer. While calibrating I noticed I couldn't get heads to lower unless I decreased hydraulic conductivity which is the opposite of what I was expecting. Recharge was already very low. It seems from other reports the hydraulic conductivity is rather high. I'm using 50 ft/d for layer one and 433 ft/d in layer 2. Other reports say anywhere from 600 to 800 ft/d. Anybody have any thoughts on this? Anybody have experience modeling a well field so close to a river? It seems logical lowering K slows water coming in from the river boundary but something doesn't seem right. Any thoughts?

For which heads can we skip pressure test and embed the spiral casing without water and pressure inside. Is this imposed by standards or choice of desighner? We are talking about francis turbines. My special case has approx. 40 m head and 60 m3/sec discharge.

Thank you

Mustafa Ayranci

Mech. Engnr

Hi

I am working with a groundwater model in a dry area

The recharge is estimate on 0mm/year

There is not superficial water observation in the model, the nearest river to the model is 9930 meters out of the model

There is a farm area inside the model the recharge by this farm areas is estimated on 1.2 mm/year

There is a manmade water channel i supposed its apport to the aquifer is minimum and negligible

There are 7 well head observation where the water table is 16 to 20 meters below the ground surface

Well, I use general head for the river, recharge for the farm areas, river condition with high conductance for the manmade water channel , and I use a constant head boundary condition near the observation wells to try to adjust the heads value because i think there is poor data to construct a real model

What do you recommend in this cases ? What additional data do you recommend i need to collect to create a solid real model?

I have a number of locations for which

I need to select all the upstream catchments using HydroAtlas level 12 (huc-12), a product derived from HydroSheds. I can't wrap my head around a piece of code in R that would just do that. Anyone aware of an open tool/routine that does that? Thanks

There is a micro Kaplan hydro plant:

Flow rate: 0.58 mc/s Head: 4.85 m RPM: 625 Max electrical power: 16.5 kW Generator+gearbox efficiency: 0.89 Maximum Turbine efficiency: 0.67 Draft tube: vertical/conical, 1.5 m high

The problem is the decrease in electrical power (measured during operation) with the time up to an asymptotic value, although all the external conditions (head, flow rate, rpm, blades configurations) remain constant.

I summarize here better, by using a picture (in attach). The picture depicts the power in kW versus the time in minutes.

Let's suppose that the turbine is switched off. Then it is switched on and the ELECTRICAL power reaches in few seconds 16.5 kW. But, as you can see from the picture, then it starts to decrease approaching, over three days, 13.65 kW, and remains at 13.65 kW. Then, suppose that it is again switched off and switched on (process that last few minutes, not again plotted in the figure),  again the ELECTRICAL POWER reaches 16.5 kW as at the beginning, but then it decreases approaching 13.65 kW (after 3 days) and remains 13.65 kW. If we repeat again the switch on/off (process done in few minutes), again it reaches 16.5 kW, and then decreases up to 13.65 kW. If the turbine is not switched on/off, the power remains 13.65 kW “forever” ….. until a new switched off/on is made. Therefore, the switched off/on process last few minutes, while the decreasing trend until the lowest power value of 13.65 kW lasts few days.

Have you got general ideas?

1) Formation of a big vortex in the draft tube. If this would occur, the decreasing trend should last few minutes (the time needed for the vortex development), and the power would immediately approach 13 kW. This phenomenun should last few minutes, not days. Furthermore, by CFD simulations, the vortex in the draft tube is not powerful, and at the outlet of the draft tube flow velocities are vertical.

2) Possible inclusion of air from the conical (vertical) draft tube towards the turbine. The draft tube is immersed of slightly more than 1.1 D into the downstream water level (D is maximum turbine diameter), as recommended by engineering practice. From CFD simulations flow velocities are downward, so this point should be ok.

3) Possible electro-mechanics/electrical load problem.

4) Cavitation: during operation there are not noise, neither appreciable vibrations, but there is hub erosion due to cavitation. But cavitation should reduce the maximum power output, not generate a decreasing trend during the time.

Thanks

I'm trying to create a custom block in Simscape that convert energy from pressurized water into a torque. Here is my code :

omponent pelton_turbine % Ce composant calcule le couple généré par l'eau sur la turbine. % 🔹 Déclaration des ports nodes H = foundation.hydraulic.hydraulic; % Port hydraulique R = foundation.mechanical.rotational.rotational; % Port mécanique rotatif end % 🔹 Déclaration des paramètres parameters eta = {0.85, '1'}; % Rendement de la turbine rho = {1000, 'kg/m^3'}; % Densité de l'eau r = {0.5, 'm'}; % Rayon moyen de la roue g = {9.81, 'm/s^2'}; % Gravité end % 🔹 Déclaration des variables internes variables Q = {0, 'm^3/s'}; T = {0, 'N*m'}; % Couple généré H_head = {0, 'm'}; % Hauteur d'eau équivalente end branches % Débit hydraulique pris directement depuis le port H Q : H.q -> *; end

equations % Calcul de la hauteur d'eau (pression convertie en mètre de colonne d'eau) H_head == H.p/ (rho * g); % Calcul du couple généré par l'eau T == {eta * rho * Q * r * sqrt(H_head * 2 * g), 'N*m'}; % Transmission du couple à l’axe mécanique R.t == T; end end

My problem is that I have this error when I try to build my component :

Invalid use of a value with unit cm^3*kg/(m*s^2) when attempting to bind a unit. The value to which the unit is bound must not have an associated unit. • In pelton_turbine.pelton_turbine (line 36) eta = 0.8500 rho = {1000, 'kg/m^3'} Q = {[1x1 double], 'cm^3/s'} r = {0.5000, 'm'} H_head = {[1x1 double], 'm'} g = {9.8100, 'm/s^2'}

I don't get why the flow rate (Q) is in cm^3/s instead of m^3/s and I don't know how to change it. Do you have an idea ?

I tried using Chatgpt but all his advices seemed to be useless. Since Q is a throught varaible Ican't define his unit. I also tried changing the units in the Configuration Parameters in my .slx file (I changed cm^3/s into m^3/s for the flow rate) but it didn't have any effect on my .ssc file and I keep getting the error.

Thanks,

Nils

I am looking for complete data tables on any known Francis Turbine with Flow rate, speed, torque and wicket gate opening.

data of any medium to low head turbine is needed

Hi!

I know that this question could be very basic. But I am breaking my head right now...

Let's say that we have a Catchment with two discharge stations. One is located upstream and the other one is downstream of the river flow.

What we will expect with respect to the discharge values? the discharge would be higher at the upstream station than at the downstream station? it would be lower?

What about the volume? it would be higher at the downstream station than at the upstream station?

Thank you so much for your reply