Is there an agreed up on, comprehensive framework for evaluating effectiveness of the budgeting system in hospitals ?

I have a 4th year medical undergraduate who is going to be spending 11 weeks with me and wants to explore spiritual care in acute hospitals. Note, this is not just religious / chaplaincy care, but all aspects of spiritual and existential care.

Does anyone have any thoughts of gaps in our knowledge or in the research in this area? Our literature search is still being done, but it thought it might be useful to ask opinions.

The UMC provide a Guidelines for setting up and running a pharmacovigilance centre, is it enough in resource-limited country hospital setting? Are there others considerations? I am looking for your opinion about it and documented experience if it is possible?

Is it a safer option than just 'warehousing' patients in an ED? In comparison, what are some limitations?

When demands for urgent and emergent care continue to mount and no Emergency Department (ED) care spaces are available for these emergent and urgent patients and all usual actions for rapid admissions to inpatient beds have been maximized, the Over Capacity Protocol should be initiated. This protocol is intended to ensure systematic actions are undertaken to ensure admitted patients being cared for in the ED will be appropriately admitted to an inpatient unit. The protocol may be extended to other areas of the hospital, for example critical care, as required. (Fraser Health).

Ratios, in addition to frontier analysis, is one of the statistical/mathematical methods used for measuring efficiency.

Are there studies and what instruments or data gathering methods do they use in determining if there is a relationship between medical house call programs and Emergency Room visits or hospital admissions and re-admissions?

How can we reduce the length of stay of patients through these 2 factors? Patients can be classified under any category but mostly "long stay patients" and their benefits.

I am looking for any good papers or case studies around how BIM might be used to improve hospital design and also FM services delivered in hospitals

We have an overutilization of sitters in our hospital and are working to decrease the use of them.  I would like to revise our tool we use to assess the need for a sitter, but am having trouble finding one that is relevant for pediatrics.