This study aimed to identify the underlying factors explaining the nature of decisions related to the issuance of the Supplementary Finance Law during the period from 2000 to 2020, This was based on a set of factors, including Gross Domestic Product (GDP), budget deficit, exchange rate, oil price, inflation, and external debt, We employed the discriminant analysis methodology, which is one of the multivariate analysis methods, by focusing on the Stepwise Discriminant Analysis (SDA) method, then estimating the discriminant function to distinguish between two groups, issuing and not issuing, some testing to measure the quality of the classification. The study found a single discriminant function, with 85.7% of the years in both groups correctly classified, the budget deficit was found to have a significant impact on the decision to issue or not issue the Supplementary Finance Law, in addition to the lack of influence of some other economic variables such as gross domestic product and inflation. Therefore, this calls for the development of financial forecasting tools and strengthening governance to improve the accuracy of original financial estimates and reduce reliance on supplementary financial laws to ensure the stability of financial policies in the long term.

Purpose: The study explored how environmental performance contributes to sustainable development, focusing on its role in achieving key dimensions of sustainability. Theoretical Framework: It emphasized that essential administrative tools for environmental protection are primarily found within the legal and institutional framework, which includes various national bodies established to support sustainable development. These organizations play a significant role in raising awareness, providing training, and emphasizing the importance of adhering to environmental standards through preventive, conservation, and regulatory measures, all backed by legal authority. Additionally, civil society has a crucial role in fostering environmental awareness, particularly within economic institutions. Design/Methodology/Approach: The designof the study is descriptive and analytical. Data for this study were collected from official Algerian sources. Findings: Cleaner Production this approach is a practical implementation of sustainable development, enabling greater efficiency in production while minimizing the use of raw materials and resources, all while protecting the environment.

Abstract: This paper examined the impact of artificial intelligence and financial knowledge on financial inclusion in a sample of Arab countries. It used the main component method to create an index, which is directly correlated with financial inclusion and eliminates the problem of multi-linearity. In this context, the current study used data provided by the global knowledge index and data from the oxford report on the use of artificial intelligence so as to conduct multiple regression tests to measure whether artificial intelligence and financial knowledge affect financial inclusion. The results illustrated that education and English language skills are very important channels for high financial knowledge leading to wider financial inclusion. It also concluded that artificial intelligence has a significant impact on individuals' access to financial products. Keywords: financial knowledge, artificial intelligence, financial inclusion