International Journal of English and Cultural Studies

Published by Redfame Publishing

Online ISSN: 2575-8101

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Print ISSN: 2575-811X

Articles


Figure 1. Round of processes adapted from Halliday's 2 nd edition of an Introduction of Functional Grammar source: https://najmoore.blogspot.com/2013/11/process-types-graphic.html?m=1
Freedom in Exile: A Linguistic-discursive Analysis of the Representations of the China x Tibet Conflict in the 14th Dalai Lama’s Autobiography
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November 2020

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1,097 Reads

Thiago Henrique Nunes dos Santos

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Solange Maria de Barros
This article is part of an undergraduate course paper that studies the autobiography of the 14th Dalai Lama of Tibet, Tenzin Gyatso: Freedom in Exile. We analyse the discursive-linguistic representations of the conflict between China and Tibet within this autobiographical narrative through systemic functional linguistics. We understand the potential of the autobiographical narrative as a means to construe and organize life experiences through language and also giving new meanings to them. In this study we employ the theoretical and methodological apparatus of critical discourse analysis and the philosophy of critical realism in the attempt to understand the representational aspect of the texts. We use a qualitative research approach. The general objective of this study is to analyse the representations that the narrator creates of the contents of his vital experience by privileging and working with the ones that emerge from the conflict between China and Tibet. The specific objectives include: (i) to identify the lexical-grammatical choices regarding the constituents that structure these representations; (ii) to explore autobiographical writing; (iii) to analyse the representations discursively, in order to proceed to an explanatory critique of the discourse; (iv) to discuss and reflect upon the intransitivity of moral values to human emancipation and meta-Reality.
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Beauty and the Beast: The Value of Teaching Fairy Tales to University Students in the 21st Century

April 2021

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613 Reads

In this essay, I suggest that fairy tales have particular value for students studying at the university level. Assigning fairy tales allows students to read familiar stories from their childhood and reconsider them from critical perspectives. When teaching a college course on fairy tales, my students and I utilize three essential frameworks for understanding fairy tales, focusing on the psycho-social development and sexual maturation of the human person, feminist critique and the need for gender equality in a patriarchal world, and audience reception and reader responses leading to emotional progress and even spiritual enlightenment. Students primarily familiar with Disney film versions of fairy tales enlarge their understanding of multiple versions of tales, both early modern and contemporary. They become familiar with classic fairy tale writers and collectors, such as Charles Perrault, Madame d’Aulnoy, the Brothers Grimm, Hans Christian Anderson, Oscar Wilde, Andrew Lang, J.R.R. Tolkien, C.S. Lewis, Anne Sexton, Angela Carter, and J.K. Rowling as well as fairy tale scholars like Bruno Bettelheim, Maria Tartar, and Jack Zipes. Their study not only results in a firm grasp of the key aspects of story in general, but in the ability to see connections between the real-world problems of the 21st century – such as poverty, starvation, disease, inequality, child abuse, human trafficking, and abuses of political power, among others – and lessons learned from fairy tales. This essay analyzes “Beauty and the Beast” as a key example of the genre and identifies pedagogical strategies for teaching it.

On the Differential Effects of Individual and Collaborative Written Corrective Feedback on the Accuracy of Iranian Female EFL Learners’ Writing

November 2018

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67 Reads

This paper aimed at examining the differential effects of individual and collaborative written corrective feedbacks on EFL learners’ writing accuracy. To this end, 60 female English language learners were selected from among 80 students of intermediate EFL learners in private language institute in Urmia (West Azerbayjan, IRI). The participants were randomly divided into two groups namely, ‘individual feedback group’ and ‘collaborative feedback group’. Two different correction procedures were provided for both groups. For the first group, the assignment papers of the participants was gathered by the instructor in order to be provided with explicit written corrective feedback for their writings in terms of grammar and mechanics, while for the second group, six participants wrote on a topic and each composition was corrected by four EFL learners. Finally, a post-test on writing was conducted for both groups, and a t-test analysis was used to compare the mean scores of both groups. The findings of the study revealed that there was a significant difference between the individual and collaborative corrective feedback groups in terms of their writing accuracy.

Reviewer Acknowledgements

May 2018

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71 Reads

International Journal of English and Cultural Studies (IJECS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether IJECS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 1, Number 1 Ali Dabbagh, Gonbad Kavous University, IranLeo H. Aberion, Niversity Of San Joserecoletos, PhilippinesMałgorzata Podolak, Maria CurieSkłodowska University in Lublin, PolandMariam Nemsadze, Akaki Tsereteli State University, GeorgiaScott Edward Freer, University of Leicester, UKShaban Darakchi, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, BulgariaVesselina Anastasova Laskova, University of Udine, Italy Nina HowardEditorial AssistantInternational Journal of English and Cultural StudiesRedfame Publishing--------------------------------------------9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97006-6018, USATel: 1-503-828-0536 ext. 510Fax: 1-503-828-0537Email: ijecs@redfame.comWebsite: http://ijecs.redfame.com

Reviewer Acknowledgements

November 2018

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8 Reads

International Journal of English and Cultural Studies (IJECS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether IJECS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 1, Number 2 Torbjörn Lodén, Stockholm University, SwedenVesselina Anastasova Laskova, University of Udine, ItalyRaven Maragh, Gonzaga University, USAMariam Nemsadze, Akaki Tsereteli State University, GeorgiaScott Edward Freer, University of Leicester, UKMałgorzata Podolak, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, PolandMohammed Nasser, Wasit University, IraqLeo H. Aberion, University of San Jose-Recoletos, PhilippinesStevanus Ngenget, Catholic University of De La Salle Manado, IndonesiaChia-Cheng Lee, Portland State University , USAFarzaneh Shakki, Islamic Azad University, Iran Nina HowardEditorial AssistantInternational Journal of English and Cultural StudiesRedfame Publishing--------------------------------------------9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97006-6018, USATel: 1-503-828-0536 ext. 510Fax: 1-503-828-0537Email: ijecs@redfame.comWebsite: http://ijecs.redfame.com

Reviewer Acknowledgements
International Journal of English and Cultural Studies (IJECS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether IJECS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 3, Number 1 Ali Dabbagh, Gonbad Kavous University, IranChia-Cheng Lee, Portland State University, USAEllie Boyadzhieva, South-West University, Blagoevgrad, BulgariaJerald Sagaya Nathan, St. Joseph’s College, IndiaLeo H. Aberion, Niversity of San Jose-Recoletos, PhilippinesShashi Naidu, Ball State University, United StatesSangeeta Bagga-Gupta, Jönköping University, SwedenJelena Timotijevic, University of Brighton, United Kingdom

Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Journal of English and Cultural Studies, Vol. 5, No. 1

June 2022

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9 Reads

International Journal of English and Cultural Studies (IJECS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether IJECS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue. Reviewers for Volume 5, Number 1 Alvaro Recio, University of Salamanca, SpainEmmanuel Chibuzor Okereke, National Examinations Council, NigeriaEsther Pujolràs-Noguer, Autonomous University of Barcelona, SpainHerman, University of HKBP Nommensen, IndonesiaJelena Timotijevic, University of Brighton, United KingdomMohammed Nasser, Wasit University, IraqShashi Naidu, Ball State University, United States Nina HowardEditorial AssistantInternational Journal of English and Cultural StudiesRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97006-6018, USAWebsite: http://ijecs.redfame.com

Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Journal of English and Cultural Studies, Vol. 6, No. 1

May 2023

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11 Reads

International Journal of English and Cultural Studies (IJECS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether IJECS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue. Reviewers for Volume 6, Number 1Abdelhamid M. Ahmed, Helwan University, EgyptAli Hashemi, Yazd University, IranAna Maria Costa Lopes, Higher School of Education of Viseu, Viseu Polytechnic Institute, PortugalEllie Boyadzhieva, South-West University, Blagoevgrad, BulgariaGillian Steinberg, SAR High School, USAHerman, University of HKBP Nommensen, IndonesiaJânderson Coswosk, Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo, BrazilJoseph Hokororo Isamail, Institute of Judicial Administration Lushoto, TanzaniaKeeley Megan Buehler Hunter, Southern New Hampshire University, SwitzerlandNicolau Nkiawete Manuel, Agostinho Neto University, AngolaShashi Naidu, Ball State University, United StatesVasfiye Geckin, Bogazici University, TurkeyZhongfeng Huang, Beihang University, China Nina HowardEditorial AssistantInternational Journal of English and Cultural StudiesRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97006-6018, USAWebsite: http://ijecs.redfame.com

Reviewer Acknowledgements

May 2019

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21 Reads

International Journal of English and Cultural Studies (IJECS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether IJECS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 2, Number 1 Abdelhamid M. Ahmed, EgyptAli Dabbagh, IranAlvaro Recio, SpainAna Costa Lopes, PortugalChia-Cheng Lee, USAElena Orduna, SpainEllie Boyadzhieva, BulgariaEmmanuel Chibuzor Okereke, NigeriaFarzaneh Shakki, IranGillian Steinberg, USAJerald Sagaya Nathan, IndiaJonah Uyieh, NigeriaJoseph Hokororo Isamail, TanzaniaKeeley Megan Buehler Hunter, SwitzerlandLeo H. Aberion, PhilippinesMałgorzata Podolak, PolandMariam Nemsadze, GeorgiaMohammed Nasser, IraqNeil Mc.Caw, UKNicolau Nkiawete Manuel ,University, AngolaRaven Maragh, USAShashi Naidu, United StatesSilvia Pellicer-Ortín, SpainStevanus Ngenget, IndonesiaTorbjörn Lodén, SwedenVasfiye Geckin, TurkeyVesselina Anastasova Laskova, Italy Nina HowardEditorial AssistantInternational Journal of English and Cultural StudiesRedfame Publishing--------------------------------------------9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97006-6018, USATel: 1-503-828-0536 ext. 510Fax: 1-503-828-0537Email: ijecs@redfame.comWebsite: http://ijecs.redfame.com

Reviewer Acknowledgements

April 2021

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1 Read

International Journal of English and Cultural Studies (IJECS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether IJECS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue. Reviewers for Volume 4, Number 1Gillian Steinberg, SAR High School, USAKeeley Megan Buehler Hunter, Southern New Hampshire University, SwitzerlandAna Costa Lopes, Higher School of Education of Viseu, Viseu Polytechnic Institute, PortugalNicolau Nkiawete Manuel, Agostinho Neto University, AngolaFatma Benelhadj, University of Sfax, TunisiaEllie Boyadzhieva, South-West University, Blagoevgrad, BulgariaEmmanuel Chibuzor Okereke, National Examinations Council, Enugu State Office, Enugu, NigeriaShashi Naidu, Ball State University, United StatesJelena Timotijevic, University of Brighton, United KingdomJânderson Coswosk, Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo, BrazilHerman, University of HKBP Nommensen, Indonesia Nina HowardEditorial AssistantInternational Journal of English and Cultural StudiesRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97006-6018, USAWebsite: http://ijecs.redfame.com

Developmental Errors Created by the Subject:
First Language Acquisition, Developmental Errors in Vocabulary: A Case Study of a Four -Year- Old Iranian Child

April 2020

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1,324 Reads

This case study aims to discover the process of first language acquisition of a 4–year-old Iranian child. The focus of the research is on developmental errors the child has created in his language development, i.e. the words which are not correct. To do so, the researcher, during four months, observed and recorded the subject's produced strange words. The recording was done by two ways, Interval recording strategy and event sampling.Developmental errors or strange words are part of the learning process. These words are created due to different reasons. The research shows that during four months and in thirty three records, eleven strange words and expressions were produced. These eleven errors were investigated in this study in details. A table was presented by the researcher in which these errors were thoroughly described.

On the Hypothetical Source of Fake News: Apagogical Reasoning in the Interpretation of Q. CORNIFICIUS’ RHETORICA AD HERENNIUM

April 2022

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10 Reads

Q. Cornificius’ Rhetorica ad Herennium (CORN., II.25.39) sets forth arguments that are considered to be flawed by the Roman rhetorician, although theyresemble apagogical arguments. The article is devoted to the analysis of this passage from Rhetorica ad Herennium. The author shows that they can be considered either quasi-enthymematic reasoning or an imperfect form of apagogical reasoning, and maybe also abductive reasoning.This type of reasoning, according to the researcher, is one of the sources of fake news and an example of the so-called “bullshit”.

Types, working definitions, and examples of presuppositions in ads
Percentage of Four Types of Pragmatic Presuppositions in the sample
Functions of Pragmatic Presuppositions in Advertisements: Promoting Cosmetics on Instagram

January 2023

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221 Reads

Presuppositions as pragmatic strategies have been a much-discussed topic, yet there need to be more studies on the pragmatic presupposition in advertisements on social media platforms. The present study explores the distribution and functions of different types of presuppositions in cosmetics advertisements on Instagram to fill the gap. Fifty advertisements posted by the ten most-followed beauty brands on Instagram were chosen as samples. It is found that advertisers prefer fact presupposition over other types of presuppositions since it is helpful when it comes to persuading customers to buy a particular product. This paper contributes to studies on presuppositions in ads on social media platforms and advances our understanding of the functions of pragmatic presuppositions.

Figure 3. Strategies finding the word refers to
Figure 4. Strategies of synonym
An Analysis of Previewing Reading Strategy in Business Texts: A Think Aloud Protocol Study

February 2021

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488 Reads

Students who study business and economics might read business texts related to their major. Some students get problem in finding main ideas or detail information. Finding main idea is not an easy job for EFL students since they need to understand the context and learn a lot of business vocabularies. To make it easier, there is one technique in reading which is called previewing. The business texts are previewed by students by reading the tittle, discussing the topic, and answering questions. This paper seeks to identify the effects of having previewing strategies used by EFL students and strategies most used by students in finding main idea and supported detail information. The qualitative research aimed at analyzing of how previewing can help students to find main ideas and detail information. This research also tried to decide whether students answered the questions correctly after using previewing strategy. Think Aloud Protocol (TAP) and interview collecting data techniques are carried to identify students’ strategies. TAP is data collecting technique that involves verbal thought. This methodology is used to determine what goes on students’ head while they are reading, finding main ideas and answering detail questions from business text. The research participants consist of thirteen students of the seventh semester in the Accounting major at ABFI Perbanas Institute Jakarta, Indonesia. The result shows that the participants used four parts of strategies in reading business text: (1) strategies of finding main idea, (2) strategies of finding detail information (strategies to find the word refers to, strategies of synonym, strategies to find definition), (3) previewing strategies, and (4) accuracy and inaccuracy to answer questions from reading business texts. The strategy that is often used by students in finding main idea is taking from the first sentence in paragraph. The strategies that are frequently used by students in finding detail information are referring to subject in previous sentence, choosing the right word from the option provided, finding the answer from dictionary and mentioning the place and time directly.

Business School International Alumni: A Story of Grit

September 2020

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9 Reads

Business is a top choice of study for international students in countries such as the U.S., UK, Australia, and Canada; however, knowledge about the post-graduation experiences of international business school graduates varies across hosting countries and is somewhat limited. Few business schools in the U.S. survey alumni to determine how their learning experiences have impacted their professional success. Fewer still have explored the role of English language proficiency for these graduates. This study collected data from online surveys to examine the on-campus and post-graduation experiences of international alumni to determine factors that impacted their academic and professional success, with an emphasis on English language development. Findings identified five themes—achievement-oriented, long-term commitment, involvement, sense of belonging, and experiential learning. Although participant success was largely due to their own grit, schools of business and their professors could do more to contribute to this success, particularly in the areas of curriculum and pedagogy.

Tolerance of Ambiguity and the Linguistic Intervention Program

November 2018

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161 Reads

The study examines the process of foreign language learning. The aim was to investigate dynamics and stability of the variable tolerance of ambiguity in the process of learning a foreign language through the means of specifically designed linguistic intervention program. The investigation aimed to find out the impact of the intervention called The Linguistic Intervention Program in the process of foreign language learning and tolerance of ambiguity in the foreign language performance. Moreover, the purpose was to investigate long-lasting changes in the selected periods, after one year. The focus was put on the ability to create a cognitive structure, especially the ability to achieve cognitive structuration. The linguistic intervention program represented a method of active social learning, and autonomous learning.The approaches we used were the following: relaxation, cooperative techniques, communication techniques, and the techniques aimed at social perception and intercultural communication in a foreign language. The linguistic intervention program was based on the natural approach of foreign language acquisition. The research method called the scale of the ability to achieve cognitive structure AACS was used on the sample of 256 college students enrolled for the foreign languages teaching programs. The results showed unique findings in the process of dynamics and stability of the examined variable, tolerance of ambiguity through the means of the linguistic intervention. They showed statistically significant higher score in AACS and statistically significant score in long-lasting changes in time. AACS appeared to be a stabile characteristic in the foreign language learning.

Islam, Modernity, Theatre Ambivalent Tensions in the Muslim World

May 2019

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408 Reads

This article seeks to revisit, perchance re-ignite, the debate around the nature of both Islam and modernity, as well as the role theatre played in disseminating Modernist discourses in contemporary Muslim cultures. In the Muslim World, the debate is locked in a time warp or at best stimulated by secular paradigms that do not seem to budge despite their unruly discordancy with Islamic views of life at a time when Islam seems to be strongly making a comeback to the world arena. The question why and how Muslim cultures embraced theatre and modernity is competing indeed; yet the debate it prompted is misplaced and unguarded, and in some respects misplacing, if not totally misguiding. To remove this misleading misplacement and give the debate a new (im)pulse, the article deems it needful to revisit Constantine the Great’s and Darwin’s modernist project. Seen from the Islamic perspective, modernity comes out as a jahili way of life brought to contemporary Muslim cultures by theatrical emissaries from the White World, which has bilged and infected the Muslim World with a strange existential duality. Thanks to these emissaries, which convinced their avid-for-reform-and-modernity victims of the need to climb on the bandwagon of modernity, this world is now Muslim in the heart and the mosque and secular in life and conduct, which is not only schizophrenic and psychosistic, but also absurd and futilitarian.

A Corpus Analysis of Changes in the Use of British and American English Modals and Semi-Modals

February 2018

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361 Reads

This research has two main purposes. The first one is to test the modal replacement hypothesis proposed by Smith (2003) and discussed by Leech (2003), on the basis of data from the Hansard Corpus (THC- 1.6 billion words, 1800-2000) and the Corpus of Historical American English (COHA - 400 million words, 1810-2000). The second purpose of the study was to draw upon time series models to generate insights about how modal and semi-modal frequencies have changed over time. Cumulatively, these two forms of analysis addressed an acknowledged gap in the current literature on modal and semi-modal frequency change, namely the question of whether modals are being replaced by semi-modals.

The Ideals of Renewal of European Spiritual Movements in the Americas

November 2018

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43 Reads

This article aims at revealing the connections between the ideals of renewal contained in the European devotions of the Late Middle Ages and those of the missionaries during the first wave of the Evangelization of Mexico. Inspired by a variety of spiritual movements aimed at building an indigenous church and centred on upholding the Law of Christ, these missionaries concur with both the reformers of the Brethren of the Common Life and Luther’s political philosophy of attaining a perfect communitas. This research focuses on demonstrating how the ideals of spiritual renewal articulated by Franciscan mystics and missionaries in the Americas embraced the same theological sources as those used by Groote, Eckhart and à Kempis in the Late Middle Ages.

The Components of the Announcements
A Pragmatic Study of Strategies for Crisis Communication in the Announcements Made by Chinese Listed Pharmaceutical Enterprises

January 2023

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45 Reads

Drug safety issues have grown increasingly common in China and have been much concerned by the public, having exerted a huge impact on the development and survival of related pharmaceutical enterprises. Consequently, the involved corporations have to respond properly to the crisis with a view to not only resume the corporations’ operation but also rebuild the public’s confidence in the pharmaceutical industry. Although scholars have conducted abundant research on corporate apologies, announcements, a quasi-apology or a substitute for apologies, as a common way to respond to crises in China, have not gained due attention from academia. Therefore, the paper intends to analyze components of Chinese pharmaceutical enterprises’ announcements and pragmatic strategies employed herein for better elucidating the formation of announcements and highlighting the role of announcements in managing crises. Based on Boy’s (2011) seven apology components and Xu’s (2021) pragmatic strategy set, qualitative research is carried out. It is found that, unlike conventional apologies, six components are identified in the announcements and corresponding pragmatic strategies conducive to managing crises are explored: (1) revelation: explanation (blunt statement); (2) responsiveness: timeliness (attitudinal meaning devices); (3) responsibility: internal attribution and external attribution (grounders); (4) remorse: guilt (IFID); (5) reform: change (attitudinal meaning devices, hedges and vagueness) and (6) impact on operations: minor impact, huge impact and undetermined impact (blunt statement, hedges and vagueness). The findings would not only shed light on research on corporate crisis communication, but also provide the practitioners with some insights into how to issue the announcements.

An Analysis of the Anti-Japanese National United Front and Its Formation Process from the Perspective of Game Theory

April 2021

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83 Reads

The united front is a magic weapon for the victory of the revolution, construction and reform of the Communist Party of China. The formation process of the united front is a kind of game, starting from the perspective of game theory, using the assets exclusiveness theory of economics, combining the Nash equilibrium and historical events, building a game model, analyzing the Anti-Japanese National United Front and its formation process, are of great significance to improve the scientific cognition level of historical research work and united front work.

Frequency of IFIDs Used in Corporate Apologies
Frequency of Intensifiers Used in Corporate Apologies
Frequency of Hedges Used in Corporate Apologies
A Contrastive Study of Image Repair Strategies Between Chinese and English Corporate Apologies

April 2020

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330 Reads

In the era of globalization, social media have become important communication tools for enterprises in crisis. Corporate apologies are issued via social media to repair the tarnished corporate image, which might affect their survival. However, the way of apologizing varies from language/culture to language/culture. This study aims to investigate how Chinese and English corporate apologies are linguistically presented and to explore how damaged corporate image in different culture is repaired respectively. Under the framework of Benoit’s image repair strategies and CCSARP, and based on quantitative and qualitative analysis of the collected data, this paper makes a contrastive study of Chinese and English corporate apologies. The results show that Chinese and English corporate apologies share great similarities in using the strategies of mortification and corrective actions, while they are different in terms of other specific tactics such as bolstering, good intentions, defeasibility and minimization. It is also found that the denial is the least used strategy by both Chinese and English corporations to repair their tarnished image. Furthermore, they are quite t similar in using IFIDs, while intensifiers and hedges are more frequently employed in Chinese corporate apologies.

A Multimodal and Pragmatic Analysis of the Environmental-Friendly Corporate Identity of Apple

March 2021

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296 Reads

As environmental problems become increasingly serious, people are more aware of the importance of the environmental protection. Accordingly, companies have realized the necessity and significance of constructing an environmental-friendly identity. Environmental-friendly corporate identity is currently receiving an increasing amount of attention in the literature on corporate identity construction. The present study has continued that focus by investigating the environmental-friendly corporate identity of Apple. The new product conference, which is held online by Apple in October, 2020 is chosen as the research material. The present study is different from previous research on new product conferences or corporate identities, for it offers a multimodal analysis of the data within the framework of the Relevance Theory. The purpose of the study is to explore how Apple constructed its environmental-friendly corporate identity while rationalizing its announcement in the new product conference. Findings from the study indicate that the environmental-friendly corporate identity of Apple is constructed in the new product conference through the interplay of main modes, such as language, visual images, gaze and gestures. The findings of the study not only contribute to prove the feasibility of multimodal analysis of the new product conference under the Relevance Theory, but also shed light on the studies of environmental-friendly corporate identity construction.

The Philosophy of Sport as Artistic Expression

April 2018

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1,850 Reads

While there is no “expressive theory of sport”, there is certainly, according to Hyland (1984, 1990), Osterhoudt (1973), Kerr (1997) and Weis (1969) a pivotal role played by emotions and feelings in sport which amount to a type of expressive theory and in that sense it parallels expressive theories in art. In this article I will first isolate three moments that capture sports performance and parallel art. Then, I will describe sport as an expression of emotional release, which is often how one understands art. Based on such overlaps, I will argue for two philosophical observations that devolve from such a comparison, namely ineffability and the unity of mind-body (in sport). Finally, I will apply a reading of Kant to sport, in order to substantiate the idea that sport, like art draws from a philosophical heritage.Imagine three isolated “steps” in sport: the focus before performance; the performance itself and the fan’s response as they articulate the emotional basis of sport which is familiar, albeit perhaps subconscious. After a brief analysis of these imagined images, I give a simplified historical outline of sport which describes the feeling-basis of play that forms the foundation for modern sport. I then examine what I have termed the “(surplus) expressive-energy theory of sport” which I have gleaned from the above writers, a theory that argues that sport is the expression of inner emotional states. Such states are in need of expiation of both the practitioner as well as the expression of certain basic emotions on the part of the audience. A narrower version of this theory is that sport is the release of aggressiveness, which coheres with its instinctual origins and the “surplus theory”. A critique of sport as expression (of surplus energy, aggression…) follows with a view to highlight some shortcomings in the ideas presented and thus the need for further theories to account for the multi-faceted nature of sport, a similar requirement that is needed for art given the shortcomings of expressive theories as applied to the arts.

A Study on the Audio-Visual Translation of Noble Love Through the Perspective of Cognitive Psychology of Translation

April 2019

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125 Reads

Audio-visual translation is a special translation mode with its own peculiarities, which not only has the characteristics of general literary translation, but also is limited by various factors such as film technology and audience acceptance. In the process of audio-visual translation, the translator should take numerous factors into consideration, such as context, audience, and cultural factors etc., which form lots of blockage for subtitle translator. Then, facing plenty of factors, translator should be clear about how to make linguistic choice, and what aspects of subjective factors and cognitive weaknesses he or she need to avoid and overcome. Those issues are what we should make further researches on. In addition, cultural communication capacity is an important symbol of a country's cultural soft power, and it is one of China's current major policies to strengthen the ability of Chinese culture’s overseas publicity, which is conducive to re-shaping China's international image and enhancing the international influence of China's culture. Foreigners are especially interested in films and TV programs with Chinese cultural characteristics, and therefore, film and television translation has become a key link of communication between China and the West through film and television culture.This article is to make a brief evaluation and analysis on the audio-visual translation of Noble Love from the perspective of some relevant theories of cognitive psychology of translation.

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