International Journal of Advanced Research

Legal liability may arise as public accountant gives professional services. The objective of this research is to gain insight into awareness of legal liability on the part of public accountant in gender perspective. This research is qualitative in interpretive paradigm that seeks to understand legal liability awareness of public accountant. Phenomenology is used as approach to seek meaning in the research site. Gender in dual ideologies, masculine and feminine are used to frame derived insights. Explorations in the realm of practices produce synthesized insight into legal liability such as: firstly, legal liability as evidence of professionalism; secondly, legal liability as a form of individual protection; thirdly, legal liability as manifestation of observance and finally fourthly, legal liability as part of moral responsibility. Therefore a conclusion can be drawn that the meaning of professionalism as masculine values, whereas the meaning of self-protection, observance and morality as feminine values.

Background: Modified radical mastectomy (MRM) may be associated with severe post-operative pain, leading to chronic pain syndrome. We evaluated whether dexamethasone 0.1ml/kg as an adjuvant to ropivacaine improves analgesic efficacy of Paravertebral block (PVB) in MRM . Method: This double-blind, randomised study was conducted on 60 adult females, scheduled for MRM with axillary dissection. They were allotted into two groups – group R( ropivacaine) (n=30) and group D (ropivacaine + dexamethasone) (n=30) . After inducing general anaesthesia , patients were administered ultrasound-guided thoracic PVB at T4 with 20 ml of 0.2% ropivacaine with and without dexamethasone0.1mg/kg , both as a single level injection. Time to first rescue analgesia, number of rescue analgesia required in 24 hrs and any adverse effects were recorded. Quantitative variables were compared using the unpaired t-test between the two groups. Qualitative variables were compared using the Chi-square test . Results: The duration of analgesia (mean ± Standard deviation [SD]) was significantly longer in the PVB group with dexamethasone (p value- <0.05). Number of rescue analgesic requirement was significantly reduced in dexamethasone group as compare to without dexamethasone.(p value- 0.001) Conculsion:Paravertebral block with ropivacaine and dexamethasone has a longer duration of analgesia than with plain ropivacaine.

Thin-film transistor (TFT) with various layers of crystalline Poly-vinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/CuO percolative nanocomposites based on Anthracene as a gate dielectric insulator have been fabricated. A device with excellent electrical characteristics at low operating voltages (<1V) has been designed. Different layers (L) of the film were also prepared to achieve the best optimization of ideal gate insulator with various static dielectric constants (εr). Capacitance density, leakage current at 1V gate voltage and electrical characteristics of OFETs with a single and multi layer films have been investigated. This device was showed highest field effect mobility of 2.27 cm2/Vs, a threshold voltage of -1.6V, an exceptionally low sub threshold slope of 380 mV/decade and an on/off ratio of 106. Such a High-ε three layered (3L) PVDF/CuO gate dielectric appears to be highly promising candidates for organic non-volatile memory, sensor and field-effect transistors (FETs).

Aim:The aim of this clinical trial was compare of anaesthetic efficacy of articane 4%, bupivacaine 0.5% and lidocaine 2% for infraorbital nerve block. Materials And Methods: 75 patients were randomly assigned in to 3 groups where they were injected with eitherarticane 4%, bupivacaine 0.5% and lidocaine 2% and their anaesthetic efficacy was checked . Normality testing was done using the Shapiro-Wilk test. Data for EPT failed normality and hence, non-parametric tests were used for analysis. The EPT scores for pain threshold were compared between the three groups using Kruskal-Wallis test (non-parametric ANOVA) at pre-dosing, post-dosing, 1 hour, 2 hours and 3 hours. Post-hoc Mann-Whitney U test was used for pair-wise comparisons at all time periods. Results:As per the results obtained from the present study, the post-dosing results with electronic pulp tester was highest with Articaine followed by lignocaine and was least with bupivacaine. This showed that the Articaine had early onset amongst all three and bupivacaine showed late onset. Conclusion:This study shows that statistically significant difference was observed between lidocaine, Articaine and bupivacaine.Articaine has a faster onset and provides clinically effective anaesthesia in root canal treatment and other restorative procedures.

The Kendari City BPNs refusal to change the name and the judges considerations granted the determination of Nurmiatis mothers grant on the grounds that the Petitioner has controlled the land parcels of the grant object and has no objections to the possession of the land is very much contrary to the intent and purpose of granting the grant which is immediately applicable or legally transferring the grant object to the recipient of the grant if the terms of the grant are met. The Kendari Religious Court Judges decision sets a bad precedent for the legal certainty of a grant made by the grantor unless it is proven otherwise that the awarding of the grant does not fulfill the legal requirements of the agreement as stipulated in Article 1320 of the Civil Code. The purpose of this research is to analyze the legal standing of grants given based on hand-to-hand grants and to analyze the Kendari Religious Courts decision NO.0053 PDT-P/2013/PA KDI. Regarding this determination, private grants are based on the mastery of the grantee. The research method used is normative research, which is a process to find legal principles, legal principles, and legal doctrines to answer the legal problems faced. The results of the research are that giving private grants invalid, because the position and authority of the grant that has permanent legal force to make the grant deed is a notary appointed by the government as a general official with authority in accordance with the rules stipulated in government regulations. No. 24 of 1997 concerning Land Registration. Whereas proof of a grant letter under the hand where the grantor has died, in the process of transferring names cannot be carried out by the recipient of the grant at the time of the Land Office. So the deed under the hand must get a court order in advance so that it has legal force later when the name changes to the beneficiary.

Coronary artery ectasy is a rare coronary disease often revealed by an acute myocardial infarction.The management of this pathology is not well established.We are reporting two cases of ST-elevation myocardial infarction associated with coronary artery ectasy.These cases were reported using electrocardiography and coronary angiography data and the modalities of treatment.Then a discussion was made on the basis of the literature concerning the topic of coronary artey ectasy and myocardial infarction.Our work adds to the literature by providing additional data on the link between artery coronary ectasy and acute myocardial infarction as well as the management modalities.

Food supplements are playing an increasingly important role in ourdiet. Moringa and Spirulina are twofoodsupplementsproduced and marketed in the Ivory Coast. However, verylittle data exists on the level of consumption of thesefoodsupplements. The objective of thisstudywas to assess the level of knowledge and consumption of thesetwoproducts in six communes of the Abidjan district. To achievethis, a questionnaire wasadministered to 446 households. The studyrevealedthat 100% of the householdssurveyedknew about Moringa, while 43.5% knew about Spirulina.71.75%ofthe householdssurveyedhadalreadyconsumedtheseproducts. For 90.4% of the householdssurveyed, theseproducts are consumed in powderform. And the reasons for consumptionwere due in 72.84% of cases to healthproblems. However, 45.40% of household respondentssaidtheyhadexperienceddiscomfort as a result of consuming Moringa. This studyreveals the effectiveness of the dietary use of Moringa and/or Spirulina in the householdssurveyed. However, the mention of undesirableeffectsreportedshouldbe the subject of furtherstudy on the healthquality of thesesupplements, which are becomingincreasinglypopular.

Modern society continues to depend heavily on the wealth and services generated by highly automated and mechanised systems. Therefore, physical assets, including manual and automated systems, must be directed and safeguarded. When these assets fail, life, property, credibility, and trust are typically lost. In the face of rapidly changing technology and maintenance philosophies, one way to avoid failures and catastrophes is to learn from past failures and implement the lessons or recommendations derived from such analyses and reports. Nigeria, like other nations, has experienced disasters caused by asset failures in businesses, factories, and residences.Consequently, the purpose of this article is to raise public awareness and alarm regarding the repercussions of the Nigerian aviation industrys failure to learn from past failures and disasters. As a case study, it employs a documented Dana Air aircraft accident report. In addition, it employs Fault Tree Analysis (FTA), a deductive failure technique, and Reliability Block Diagram (RBD) to gain a deeper understanding of the aircraft accident and its root causes. As a result, a feedback loop is established for the development of additional ideas and actions to prevent future disasters in Nigeria.

A simple and highly efficiently method for the synthesis of 9-aryl-6- (3- methylphenyl)[1,2,4]triazolo [4,3-a]quinolines 8 by the oxidation of the corresponding aryl aldehyde 1-[3-(3-methylphenyl)quinolin-2- yl]hydrazones 7 using iodobenzene diacetate [PhI(OAc)2] in the solid state at RT under grinding conditions is described. The yields are very good and purity is high. The structures of compounds 3-8 were confirmed by their spectroscopic (IR, 1H NMR and MS) and analytical data. The compounds 8 have been tested for their antibacterial and anti- inflammatory activities.

An efficient, simple, environmentally benign, cost-effective and expeditious etiquette for the construction of biologically momentous 3-substituted-5-carbonylmetyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole derivatives in one-pot has been developed by the reaction of methyl β-ketoesters with an assortment of amidoximes via transamidoximation transformation, which further experience intramolecular cyclization followed by dehydration at 110°C. The current environmentally benign protocol offers the advantages of simple methodology, cost-efficiency, short reaction times, neat reaction profiles without solvent and catalyst shows a novel direction in green synthesis along with great yield.

Aim: The aim of this randomized controlled clinical trial was to assess the clinical and radiographic effects of 1.2% Atorvastatin (ATV) gel as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in treating chronic periodontitis patients with and without Type II diabetes. Materials and Methods: 40 subjects ageing between 30 to 50 years were included in the study and were divided into two groups: Group A (chronic periodontitis) and Group B (Type II diabetics with chronic periodontitis). Periodontal status was assessed by using plaque index, modified sulcular bleeding index(mSBI), probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level(CAL) at baseline and 6 months. Intrabony defect depth fill was assessed by comparing periapical radiographs taken at baseline and at 6 months. Results: Both the groups showed significant improvements in all the parameters from baseline to 6 months with no significant difference during the intergroup comparison. However, in Group A, there was greater fill in mean intrabony defect compared to Group B with statistical significance during intra and intergroup comparison Conclusion: Local delivery of 1.2% ATV showed beneficial effects on periodontium with improvement in all clinical parameters. Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that ATV, can be used for periodontal regeneration in angular defects due to chronic periodontitis.

Hydranencephaly is a rare entity with incidence of 1 in 10000 live births and is characterized by near total absence of cerebral cortex and basal ganglia which are replaced by cerebrospinal fluid. Various aetiologies of hydranencephaly have been suggested which include: Infarction, leukomalacia, diffuse hypoxic-ischemic brain necrosis, intrauterine infections leading to necrotizing vasculitis. Ultrasonography, Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging can easily detect and diagnose hydranencephaly. We present a case of 2-month-old term infant diagnosed with hydranencephaly on computed tomography.

Introduction: The indications for thyroid surgery are currently well defined and specified in the consensus recommendations for the management of thyroid nodules, which would allow on the one hand to reduce the excessive number of thyroidectomies, and on the other hand would not allow a malignant lesion to evolve. Objectives: Our study aims to evaluate the epidemiological, clinical and paraclinical characteristics of patients who have undergone thyroidectomy and to discuss the different surgical indications. Patients and methods: This is a retrospective study spread over one year, from January to December 2019, involving 103 patients hospitalized for thyroid surgery, in the ENT (ear nose throat) department of Moulay Ismail military hospital in Meknes. Results: The average age of our population was 50.68 years and the sex ratio W/M was 5.86. The time to consultation was more than 2 years in half of the patients. The reason for consultation was cervical swelling in 88 cases, signs of hyperthyroidism in 27 cases and compression in 15 cases. All our patients have benefited preoperatively from a TSH assay and a cervical ultrasound. A cervico-thoracic scan was performed in all patients with plunging and/or compressive goiter. Cytopuncture could only be performed in 10 cases.Surgical indications were retained in case of suspected malignancy (56.31%) hyperthyroidism (26.22%), compressive goiter (14.56%), aesthetic discomfort (1.94%) and recurrent thyroid cyst (0.97%)The surgical procedure consisted of a total thyroidectomy in 81.5% of cases, a lobo isthmectomy in 8.7% of cases and secondary totalization in 9.7% of cases. The pathological study revealed thyroid cancer in 11.65% of cases. Postoperative follow-up was marked by the occurrence of a compressive hematoma in one patient, transient unilateral recurrent paralysis in 2 patients, transient hypoparathyroidism in 6 patients, and tumor recurrence in one case Discussion: Surgical indications have been proposed, primarily in case of suspected thyroid neoplasia, mainly based on clinical and ultrasound criteria. The cancer/benign tumor ratio was 13.2%. It was therefore important to develop the cytopuncture.Autonomous goiters/nodules and compressive and/or plunging goiters were the main other indications for surgery with low morbidity, but at the cost of permanent hypothyroidism. Conclusion: Surgery is the gold standard treatment for symptomatic thyroid goiters/nodules. However, its contribution must be constantly reassessed according to the evolution of new diagnostic procedures and alternative techniques.

Vietnam contains diverse marine ecosystems with the high biodiversity of marine organisms, including gorgonian corals of Alcyonacea order. In order to support traditional classification of these corals, in this study mitochondrial barcoding markers msh1 and nuclear 28S rDNA were developed for analysis of 11 specimens collected in 2015 and 2016 from different islands and bays along the North Central coast of Vietnam. Phylogenetic analyses based on msh1 and 28S sequence polymorphism showed that all specimens belonged to Anthozoa class, Octocorallia sub-class and Alcyonacea order. At lower taxa levels, they were divided into 4 sub-orders, 7 families and 7 genera according to 7 distinct clades with bootstrap values from 99-100%.The identifications of 7 out of 11 specimens including Sinularia brassica (2 specimens)and Sinularialeptoclados, Dichotellagemmacea, Annella reticulata, S. conferta and S. nanolobata were in concordance between morphological and molecular methods. The other 4 specimens were only identified at genus levels of Astrogorgia sp., Melithaea sp. Scleronephthya sp. and Muricella sp. by either msh1-morphology or msh1-28S markers. These results highlight the importance of molecular markers to elucidate patterns of biodiversity and species identification of soft coral.

This study had used Mixed Methods and pre-experimental design one-group pretest-posttest to determine the effects of Problem-Based Learning on students conceptual understanding and problem-solving skills. This study was participated by 73 Grade 11 students from one of the laboratory schools in Albay and had covered nine (9) lessons that include the topics on hypothesis testing, correlation, and regression. The findings of the study revealed that the performance of the students in their pretest-posttest had increased wherein from the overall mean score of 16.41 in the pretest, it became 40.92 after the posttest which had a mean gain of 24.51. Hence, the computed overall proficiency level had increased from 33% to 83.02% after the posttest. It was also revealed that after computing its computed t-value the result was 38.62 and was interpreted as highly significant at 0.05 level of significance. This data indicated that the Grade 11 students conceptual understanding was enhanced. On the other hand, the results of the performance of the students for problem-solving skills was computed through getting the 75% mastery level of every lesson presented to the students. It was found out that majority of the nine lessons had passed the 75% mastery level quota. This result implied that the students were able to solve the problems with proper solutions and had arrived at the expected answers as they were presented with the teaching strategy, Problem-based learningin their Statistics and Probability subject.

This study presents the results of eleven years of measurement of a sulfur dioxide campaign, in three places in Zenica City between January 1 2006 and December 31 2016. This Study was performed to analyze the periods of activation/deactivation of domestic heating as a source of pollution. Sulfur dioxide was measured using the British standard number 1747 (24-hour samples). Analysis of temporal variations of SO2 showed an uprising trend of pollution in the city of Zenica with a strong connection to activation/deactivation of the domestic heating period.