Industria Textila

In the study, the effects of different model characteristics of garments on cutting and sewing times have been investigated. Following the experiment, a method for determining cutting and sewing times for sample product groups has been created. Product groups subject to the study are skirt and men's coat. In the study, 8 different models to the chosen skirt group and 7 different models to the men's coat group were applied. Total number of pieces, perimeter of pieces, cutting time, and sewing time were investigated. Pearson correlation was used in the study. Regression analysis was conducted to investigate the effects of other happenings on the observed process. Following the investigations of all factors and their degrees of effect, it was observed that a characteristic of a model is one of the important factors that affect the productivity and time in apparel company. The paper provides that different model characteristics of garments is very important for cutting and sewing times.

In recent decades, unique physiochemical properties and a wide range of applications of metal nanoparticles have received particular attention in a wide range of fields. Biosynthesis technique and applying microorganisms, have emerged as an eco-friendly, clean and benefit alternative to physicochemical techniques. In the present study, the biosynthesis of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) by using cell-free culture supernatant of Halomonas elongata IBRC-M 10214 was investigated. The CuNPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy. It was illustrated that the average particles size was 56-73 nm with spherical shapes. The influencing factors such as CuSO4, glucose and NaCl concentrations were also studied. In addition, antibacterial activity of copper nanoparticles against multidrug resistant pathogens like Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was evaluated by the agar well diffusion technique as standard cultures. Antibacterial assay of Cu NPs showed antibacterial activity toward the pathogenic bacterial strains of Escherichia coli by 1 cm and Staphylococcus aureus by 0.87cm for maximum zone of inhibition. Also, Coating CuNPs onto textile samples showed inhibition zone diameters for E. coli and S. aureus were 0.35 and 0.53 respectively. Based on this study, green method is easy and safe for CuNPs synthesis with relative purity of the NPs obtained. However, the results of this research illustrate the concentrations interaction of CuSO4, glucose and NaCl and their effects on amount of CuNPs synthesis.

With the integration of information science into the fashion field, both industry and university expect more informatics technology to be utilized in the fashion-related course and teaching of practical exercises. Among this informatics technology, virtual simulation, as an important experiment tool, has become very popular support for fashion students since it is possible to validate design ideas very efficiently and fast. However, because virtual simulation is quite technical, and it is very difficult to gain all the essential skills about the operation of the virtual simulation software within a short time, in the process of virtual simulation exercises, students largely rely on the guidance of teachers, which leads to the negative impact on students’ learning motivation. To optimize the application of virtual simulation in the fashion-related course and teaching of practical exercises, this paper proposes a teaching method based on collaborative learning for fashion virtual simulation exercise teaching. 3D virtual fitting exercises realized by virtual simulation were adopted as the research object to verify its effectiveness. Two groups of students were involved in the experiments. One group was taught traditionally while another group was taught by the proposed collaborative learning. Through a set of learning and teaching process evaluation, experiment results demonstrated that collaborative learning will be beneficial to improving students’ learning interest, efficiency, quality and facilitate the comprehensive capacity of autonomous learning, communication and cooperation, reduce the individual distinction and enhance self-confidence. This paper provides support for the future application of collaborative learning in other fashion related virtual simulation courses and exercises.

Making clothing in the industrial system is not possible without a dimensional typology that reflects all morphological features of the populations. In the European Union, several countries have conducted anthropometric studies aimed to update sizes tables. Our country is aligning to these requirements. During 2007-2009, an extensive anthropometric research was carried out on adult population, women and men, by the 3D scanning method. This paper presents the partial results of the aforementioned survey conducted on Romanian women population, after processing all raw data from the 3D body scanner, using statistical-mathematic methods. Under analysis were the main dimensions of the female body - body height, bust perimeter and hip perimeter - which are currently used to characterize the body shape and to structure the anthropometric standards of the adult wearer.

This paper presents several aspects of the multivariate analysis of electroconductive composite based on Copper (Cu) and Graphene. The analysis was developed by using the parameters (dependent and independent variables), which characterize the composite materials with electroconductive properties. The experimental samples were obtained by using 100% cotton fabrics with different structures. The goals followed through the variation of the fabric structures (e.g., plain weave, twill, panama, ribs) were to investigate if the fabric structure or ratio has or not influence on electroconductive properties of the textile materials obtained by conductive coating. The samples created were based on standard, and 3D digital printing technologies, more specifically on the textile surface, have deposited conductive paste containing copper microparticles and graphene filaments. The initial coating with conductive polymeric paste based Cu was developed by scraping of the paste on the fabric. Previously the 3D printing advanced technology by fused deposition modeling (FDM) of the Conductive Graphene filaments was used

Any manager demands "performance" from his employees, and he is also evaluated by his performances, mostly associated to obtaining benefits, to a high level of productivity and product qualities, suiting the customers demands. In order for all, the employees to participate in this, is necessary for them understand that fact that they are working in a highly performant environment. Thus can be reached the image elements of the manufacturing activity itself: order, tidiness, cleanliness, education etc. In order to offering support to production managers from the Romanian textile industry, this article presents the "5S", the most adequate concept related to this situation, as well as an original audit methodology, applicable in any phase of the technological processes and, more over, adjustable to any company.

In. this paper is performed an analysis of Romanian universities and research organizations' participation to the 7th EU Framework Programme (2007-2013), within the context of Romania's participation to this programme. The analysis highlights the separate contribution of research institutes, universities and SMEs. The main conclusions are (1) Romania's success rate to FP 7 is below the European one (2) research & development institutes (INCD) have better performed than other organizations to European research programs; (3) universities are also similarly performing, but they have to be motivated to strengthen their cooperation with INCD.

Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) can appear in critically ill patients following trauma, intra-abdominal infections and after major surgery. The treatment is decompressive laparotomy followed by a temporary abdominal wall closure (TAC) technique. The choice of material for the TAC is highly influential in regards to fistula formation, delayed closure rates and mortality. Materials and method: We compared two TAC techniques, Bogota bag and composite mesh, for 9 patients that developed ACS in our department. The composite mesh contains a polypropylene outer layer and an absorbable collagen film on the visceral surface. We used the Bogota bag system for 4 cases and the composite mesh system in 5 cases. Overall mortality was high with four deaths out of nine patients. Three intestinal fistulas developed, two for the Bogota bag, both of them resulting in death. Delayed primary closure was obtained in three cases, two for the composite mesh. Although the sample size is small we feel that the composite mesh was a better choice of TAC after decompressive laparotomy for ACS.

Repair of incisional hernias, especially for large abdominal, wall defects, can cause increases in intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) or cause abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS). The World Society of Abdominal Compartment Syndrome lists massive incisional hernia repair as a risk factor for the development of ACS. Rives-Stoppa repair, a prosthetic procedure, is considered by many surgeons as the gold standard for incisional hernia repair. 53 surgical procedures using polypropylene or ePTFE for repairing were analyzed. The aim of our study was to investigate whether textile material choice influences postoperative IAP values. American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) score, patient body mass index (BMI) and defect size were considered for the comparison. The choice of material did not influence postoperative IAP values in any of the investigated circumstance.

In this work, seam slippage, Martindale abrasion and pilling properties of the double woven upholstery fabrics, which are important physical and performance characteristics for such fabrics, have been investigated by analysis of variance. The effects of yam and fabric structural parameters such as weft densities, face weave patterns and raw materials of weft yarns, which have been analyzed and reported in this work for double upholstery woven fabrics, were not studied in the references. It has been observed that the seam slippage strength of upholstery double fabrics has increased by increasing weft density and by decreasing sateen number of face weave. While the abrasion resistance and pilling degree of upholstery double fabrics have showed similar tendencies with seam slippage strength of those by the effect of sateen number of face weave, these properties have not been affected regularly by weft setting. The seam slippage strength along both warp and weft directions and the abrasion resistance of upholstery double fabrics woven with wefts of staple polyester yarn have been higher than those of upholstery double fabrics woven with cotton wefts. The opposite has been observed for the pilling degree of upholstery double fabrics.

In this experimental study, it is investigated comparatively the effect on abrasion resistance of the presence of chenille and flock yarns, as weft yarn in the structure of woven fabrics. Fabrics under study were produced with varying weft densities and weave types. Chenille yarns are produced with different twist levels on a chenille yarn machine. Flock yarns are produced with polyester core yarn covered with adhesive and with polyester pile fibers glued to the core yam. According to the results, fabrics with high weft density and low float length have less mass loss values after abrasion test. The fabrics manufactured with flock type yams have a higher abrasion resistance than the chenille type of yarns Chenille yarns with high twist levels bring about an improvement in abrasion resistance of fabrics.

In this research, cotton fabrics were treated with carboxylated chitosan, loaded by the pad-dry-cure method for investigating the absorption of heavy metals and the Ultraviolet (UV) protection properties of fabric samples. For this purpose, chitosan-treated cotton fabrics were soaked in CuSO4 solution to investigate the rate of heavy metal absorption. The surface morphology of cotton fabrics was investigated using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. Inductively coupled Plasma Spectroscopy (ICP) analysis was employed to examine the amount of heavy metals' absorption upon chitosan-treated cotton fabrics. Besides, reflection and transmission spectrophotometry analyses were used to examine the optical properties of cotton fabrics. The results show a noticeable increase in copper absorption by increasing the amount of chitosan. The maximum absorption of Cu belongs to the %6 chitosan-treated sample by 7357.6 PPM, equal to %7.35. The more concentration of chitosan in the fibre causes a higher rate of UV protection. Therefore, the chitosan-treated cotton fabrics examined in this work can be used for various water filtration purposes, notably to eliminate toxic metals. Also, It can be used as a wearable textile for protecting against harmful UV rays.

For the purpose of the research on the acceptability of the dual model of education in higher education, 30 companies from the textile sector were selected. The obtained results show that the respondents accept the dual model of education in a large percentage, ranging from 80% to 83.33%. From the answers related to decision-making on accepting the dual model of education in their companies, the respondents showed a positive attitude in the percentage ranging from 56.66% to 73.33%. A lower percentage of eligibility indicates that respondents will not make an immediate decision without additional information. From the answers related to the large administration and the number of documents for the inclusion of the company, the respondents believe that this administration is unnecessary. Only 13.33% of respondents believe that the existing administrative conditions are not an obstacle to companies’ acceptance of dual education.

Gastrointestinal obstruction is a life-threatening condition that is usually caused by accidental ingestion of inedible objects, through play or food indiscretions. Ingested foreign objects generate the mechanical obstruction of the gastrointestinal segment, characterized by a relatively typical set of symptoms, depending on the location. The aim of this study was the clinical and imaging description of some cases of gastrointestinal obstruction in dogs and cats, caused by swallowing textile foreign bodies. The study included 12 dogs and 8 cats of different breeds and ages, belonging to both sexes, which showed clinical signs suggestive from a clinical-anamnestic point of view for gastrointestinal obstruction. These patients had symptoms with acute or chronic progressive evolution of the gastrointestinal tract, including restlessness, deviation, vomiting (single or repeated episodes), abdominal tenderness, constipation and tenesmus. The diagnosis was confirmed by radiographic examination, simple and with contrast medium, and ultrasound, completed in some situations with laparotomy. Ingested textile foreign bodies were represented by socks/stockings (5 dogs and 3 cats), underwear (3 dogs), rope (1 dog and 3 cats), carpet fragments (2 dog and 1 cat), toy fragments (1 dog and 1 cat), and they were located in the stomach (7/12; 58.33%, respectively 4/8; 50%), in the gastro-duodenal segment (2/12; 16.67%, respectively 3/8; 37.5%), in the jejunum (3/12; 25%, respectively 1/8; 12.5%) and in the colon (1/12; 8.33%, respectively 1/8; 12.5%). Gastrointestinal obstruction in pets, caused by accidental ingestion of textile foreign bodies, is a medical emergency and imaging examinations are the main diagnostic tool in the establishment of a subsequent therapy with maximum efficiency.

"The return to nature" is a current trend in the of the textile industry. On the global level, the use of "rare" animal fibers, also known under the name of "noble precious, special fibers": mohair, cashmere, vicuna, has increased considerably in the recent years. Taking into account the global trends in the field, the acclimazation of a nucleus of Angora goats in Romania, the setting up of a new autochthonous base of valuable raw material and the evaluation of the possibilities of efficient processing of these fibers, represent an alternative for the Romanian zootechnical sector and a challenge for the scientific research and textile industry of this country. This has a direct and positive influence on the increase of their competitiveness, in the challenging economic context due to Romania's adhesion to the European Union.

The paper tackles a key issue for the area of technical textiles items, such as filtering-separating the solid particles out of a fluid, having a textile support as a filtering medium. Depending on the actual conditions from the filtering installations, filters for both dry medium as well for wet medium have been experimented. A filtering material for the dry medium filtering is presented, destined for retaining the solid particles from a gas mix in the filtering installation from the ferroalloy manufacturing sections of the metallurgical industry. For the wet filtering was experimented a filtering support material for the waste waters in the mining industry, ceramic industry and the urban environment. The filtering materials have been obtained from multifilament polyester, polyamide or polypropylene yarns, depending on the area of usage.

The efforts to improve management accounting must transform it from a record of past activities with low informational power into an appropriate managerial tool necessary to Inform quickly and accurately as a preceding stage of the decision-making process and therefore increase the speed of response to the complex phenomena that influence an enterprise's activity. For the enterprises in the textile industry among the directions for improving managerial accounting, without which no efficient management of internal work can be achieved, the following ones would be required: the organization of accounting and cost calculation on the cost centres, diversifying the management accounting methods and cost calculation as well as giving up the monthly calculation of the actual cost for quarterly calculation and monthly reporting of the results of the direct (variable) costs of the cost centres.

The paper presents aspects regarding the complexity of the structural construction of the special apparel, which derive from its destination. It presents the results of the ergonomics study of the products type overalls and two piece suit formed of jacket and trousers meant for the workers in the auto service stations with a view to optimising the characteristics of ergonomics of the mentioned products. The ergonomics correspondence has been studied form the perspective of its components antropometric correspondence, hygienic correspondence and psychological and physiological correspondence under exploitation conditions. We present variants of constructive and technological solutions and recommendations regarding the structure of the protection apparel meant for the workers in auto services stations.

The article presents 52 new benzotiazolic azoic dyes, which have proved a very good affinity at the dyeing of the ovine fur lined leather. Since the series of dyes (II), produced from derivates of 2-amino-6-metoxi-benzotiazol blend of sulphonated acids 5 and 7 coupled with 12 coupling components, proved a better solubility, the application of 3 dyes (yellow, orange and red) is illustrated at the dyeing of the furs through triple chromaticness, blended with a Sellacid blue PF dye. Eight colors produced with unitary dyes that have formed the base of the triple chromaticness and the two colors produced through triple chromaticness have been tested with Colorindex(xl) soft, thus acquiring the colorimetric parameters for each color.

One of the most important processes in textile dyeing is the colour recipe prediction. Fluorescent dyes present difficulties for colour recipe prediction due to complex and non-linear mechanism of the dyes and dyeing process. For this reason, in this study, an artificial neural network technique is used to predict the colour recipes to match the reference colours of 100% acrylic knitted fabrics dyed by a combination of three basic dyes which are C.l. Basic Yellow 40, C.l. Basic Violet 39, and C.l. Basic Blue 3. C.l. Basic Yellow 40 and C.l. Basic Violet 39 are fluorescent, and C.l. Basic Blue 3 has a brilliant blue shade. The neural network developed is a multilayer perceptron network. The inputs are the spectral radiance factors at wavelengths from 400 nm to 700 nm at 10 nm intervals and the target outputs are dye concentrations. The results show that the artificial neural network is an appropriate and powerful tool for colour recipe prediction in dyeing acrylic fabrics with fluorescent dyes.

The paper is tackling the practical problem of Romanian enterprises running the operations in the textile industry with respect to the difficulty of raising their business performance. As they are facing with an acerb competition, their competitiveness is won and maintained based on a continuous improvement of internal processes and on the conformation to the changing requirements of the market The aim of the paper is to address the trans-disciplinary challenge between engineering management and information technology fields by applying the process thinking and by modeling the process of aggregate production planning from the process management group, as an effective solution that allows decisional factors from textile and Clothing manufacturing sectors to make managerial decisions rapidly, correctly, and cost effective. The authors have applied the SIMPLE BMP modeling applications developed by the AVANTERA Romanian enterprise and, finally, share their views regarding how using this innovative tool could draw useful information about the aggregate production planning process, in a straightforward and cost-effective manner.