Advanced Materials Interfaces

Fungal contaminations pose a persistent challenge in the fields of healthcare, agriculture, and industry, primarily due to their environmental adaptability and increasing resistance to antifungal agents. In this study Aspergillus niger is utilized as model organism. This work evaluates copper, brass, and steel surfaces functionalized with ultrashort pulsed laser‐induced periodic surface structures (USP‐DLIP) designed as 3 and 9 µm topographies. Fungal spore viability assays show that 9 µm periodicities on copper surfaces achieve a 99% reduction in spore viability, indicating that increased copper ion release is a key factor in enhanced antifungal effectivity. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis confirm substantial spore damage, linked to the viability testing and the measured copper ion release by inductively coupled plasma triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (ICP‐QQQ) spectrometry. Interestingly, 9 µm structured steel surfaces reveal a trend toward antifungal activity despite their inert nature. Whereas structured brass surfaces do not show significant improvement in antifungal activity. These findings suggest USP‐DLIP structuring on copper and stainless‐steel surfaces have considerable potential for antifungal applications, although interactions between surface structures, released ions, and fungal spores are highly complex. Yet, USP‐DLIP offers promising advantages for developing advanced antifungal materials.

Photothermal neuromodulation, a rapidly advancing technique in neuroscience, has been introduced as an incredibly versatile platform for the in‐depth study of neural electrophysiological signals and the development of treatments for various neurological disorders. Particularly, nanomaterial‐based photothermal neuromodulation technologies have advantages compared to optogenetic stimulation methods, such as non‐genetic modification, minimally invasive, and reduced immune response. Photothermal neuromodulation research has introduced various nanomaterials and stimulation methods to regulate thermosensitive ion channels or modify cell membrane capacitance, enabling excitation and inhibition of neural activity. Recent advances in nanomaterials have significantly improved the precision and efficiency of photothermal neuromodulation, expanding its potential applications in neuroscience research. In the photothermal neuromodulation studies, different temperature measurement methods have been used but do not satisfy all the requirements necessary to analyze this phenomenon. An ideal temperature sensor for a photothermal neuromodulation study must have high transparency, high thermal sensitivity, and high spatial and temporal resolution. This review aims to cover the current status of thermally induced neuromodulation studies and the transparent temperature sensing methodologies that can be used for photothermal neuromodulation.

Catalyst particles or complexes suspended in liquid films can trigger chemical reactions leading to inhomogeneous concentrations of reactants and products in the film. It is demonstrated that the sensitivity of the liquid film's gas–liquid surface tension to these inhomogeneous concentrations strongly impacts the film stability. Using linear stability analysis, novel scenarios are identified in which the film can be either stabilized or destabilized by the reactions. Furthermore, it is found so far unrevealed rupture mechanisms which are absent in the chemically inactive case. The linear stability predictions are confirmed by numerical simulations, which also demonstrate that the shape of chemically active droplets can depart from the spherical cap and that unsteady states such as traveling and standing waves might appear. Finally, critically discussed the relevance of the predictions by showing that the range of the selected parameters is well accessible by typical experiments.

Endoscopy, a crucial, minimally invasive medical procedure, is poised for significant advancements in the integration of cutting‐edge optical technologies. Although rare‐earth‐doped single‐crystal phosphors offer high‐luminance white light at their endoscope tips via external excitation of a wavelength conversion element, their cost, toxicity, and complex fabrication processes limit their widespread adoption. This study presents a novel approach to the development of biocompatible, cost‐effective phosphors for endoscopic applications. By incorporating carbon dots into a silica glass (xerogel) matrix via a simple sol–gel process, transparent phosphor rods is successfully fabricated. The incorporation of carbon dots reinforced the monolithic phosphor, enabling the fabrication of centimeter‐scale monolithic phosphors. These carbon dot‐doped silica xerogel phosphors exhibits efficient blue‐to‐white light conversion, making them promising candidates for next‐generation endoscopes. This approach offers a sustainable, scalable solution for the development of advanced endoscopic devices with enhanced imaging capabilities and reduced environmental impacts.

Recurrent catheter‐associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) in catheterized patients, increase their morbidity and hospital stay at substantial costs for healthcare systems. Hence, novel and efficient strategies for mitigating CAUTIs are needed. In this work, a bio‐based nanocomposite coating is engineered with bactericidal, antibiofilm, and antioxidant properties on commercial silicone catheters using a combined ultrasound/nanoparticles (NPs) driven coating approach. This approach integrates citronellal‐loaded lauryl gallate NPs (CLG_NPs), as both antimicrobial and structural elements, with chitosan (CS), in a substrate‐independent sonochemical coating process. The hybrid CS/CLG_NPs coating shows pH‐dependent citronellal release, strong antibacterial activity toward the common CAUTI pathogens Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, alongside strong antioxidant activity, and biocompatibility to fibroblast and keratinocytes. Moreover, the nano‐enabled coating significantly mitigated bacterial biofilm formation after a week in a simulated human bladder environment, outperforming the commercially‐available silicone catheters. These results underscore the potential of the novel biopolymer nanocomposites obtained by ultrasound coating technology, offering a straightforward antimicrobial/antibiofilm solution for indwelling medical devices.

Film heaters have flexible characteristics and are used in various fields, including as important subsystems in satellite thermal control. These film heaters are produced using electrohydrodynamic (EHD) inkjet printing, which is a next‐generation inkjet printing technology. Ink applicable to printing is produced. These inks are composite materials with dispersed Ag and barium titanate (BTO). Because composite material inks have varying material properties depending on the amount added, it is necessary to derive the material property information. The material property information is derived from the heat generation characteristics by printing specific geometries with composite material inks. The derived material property information is applied to the simulation to compare the heat generation performances of the four circuit models. Through simulation, the shape is obtained that generates the best heat generation under the set conditions among the four circuit models. After that, the simulation results are verified by comparing them with the test results of the film heater. This study successfully demonstrates the simulation of various circuits and film heaters produced by EHD inkjet printing are expected to be applied in various fields.

Nano‐octahedron cobalt oxide decorated graphene nanocomposite is reported in this work for selective and simultaneous determination of dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA). The composite is synthesized using a hydrothermal method and characterized to identify the crystal structure and its shapes. The Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) images indicate the silhouette image of the nanocube decorated over graphene oxide. The Gr‐Co₃O₄/glassy carbon electrode (GCE) is utilized for the electrochemical detection of dopamine (DA). Cyclic voltammetry (CV) studies revealed a significant breakthrough such as Gr‐Co₃O₄/GCE exhibited higher electrocatalytic activity for DA oxidation than the bare GCE. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) measurements demonstrated a detection limit of 0.09 µM for DA, with a linear response range from 1 to 500 µM. For uric acid (UA), the detection limit and linear range are estimated as 0.2 and 100 to 8000 µM, respectively. The sensor selectively detects DA in the presence of UA is confirmed, with a peak separation of 250 mV between DA and UA. The reliability of the sensor is validated through using human serum specimens, paving the way for exciting potential applications in biomedical research and clinical diagnostics.

With the advent of high‐power electronic devices, communication satellites, and military radar systems, electromagnetic (EM) waves have caused significant pollution. In this work, hollow Fe3O4@C (H‐FO@C) composites are synthesized by employing an in situ polymerization and carbonization treatment. Effects of carbonization temperature on electromagnetic wave absorption of core‐shell structured H‐FO@C composites are symmetrically analyzed, and the impedance matching and attenuation ability are improved significantly by controlling carbonization temperature. The reflection loss (RL) and effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of H‐FO@C composites carbonized at 650 °C are improved to −51.85 dB and 5.36 GHz (thickness 2.1 mm), respectively. When the thickness of composites increases from 2.1 to 2.4 mm, the EAB reaches 6.24 GHz. According to CST Studio Suit, the radar cross section (RCS) reduction value can be 24.26 dB m² for H‐FO@C composites. Both experiment and simulation results confirm that the H‐FO@C composites possess excellent EWA performance. This work provides a new way for advancing EWA materials.

Brain movement significantly impacts the biocompatibility of neural probes, primarily due to continuous loading and strain on neural tissue. This study investigates the strain profile at the electrode–tissue interface under various brain displacements—vertical, lateral, diagonal, and torque—across different brain models (linear elastic, hyperelastic, and viscoelastic). The safety margin for tissue damage is assessed by evaluating a 5% strain threshold using two probe widths (30 µm and 100 µm) in tethered and floating configurations. The probe dimensions are informed by previously developed devices implanted in rats for 12 weeks, allowing to correlate the findings with existing immunohistochemical data. A comprehensive simulation studies accounting for various conditions, such as different brain displacements and physics, has not been reported elsewhere. These results challenge the conventional 5% strain threshold for tissue damage, revealing that strains below this critical limit may still pose risks depending on probe geometry and brain model. Furthermore, these simulations underscore the necessity of size‐dependent micromotion models for accurate predictions in untethered conditions. This work highlights the feasibility of integrating immunohistological data into simulation studies, offering valuable insights for researchers while minimizing the need for extensive animal testing during initial probe design phases.

A 3D‐printed origami‐inspired magnetic scaffold has been developed to investigate the influence of physical cues on guided cellular proliferation in a 3D microenvironment. Microscale channels are first constructed and populated with NIH/3T3 fibroblast and/or A549 cancer cell clusters that are initially bioprinted within the channels. Once these channels are fully populated, a permanent magnet is applied to fold the scaffolds. By varying the channel width and incorporating an intermediate extracellular matrix hydrogel (IE) layer along with origami folding, the scaffold provides geometric and gravitational cues to influence cellular proliferation. In both monoculture and coculture, i) cells tend to proliferate more in a tapered manner, ii) scaffolds with enhanced media flow lead to a higher volume of cell growth, and iii) cells form homogeneous distributions under gravity after dispersion. In coculture, the expansion of fibroblast clusters within their seeded channels increased, facilitating the proliferation of cancer cell clusters into the non‐seeded channels. This origami scaffold offers valuable insights into tissue engineering and cancer research, serving as a versatile tool for examining cellular interactions and growth dynamics.

Porous materials based on graphene attract attention due to their potential applications as sorbents or catalytic materials. However, achieving a freestanding structure without the use of additional bonding agents remains a major challenge. This article presents a self‐supporting graphene foam fabricated from an aqueous suspension of graphene oxide and hydrazine. The porous structure is obtained by the reaction of graphene oxide with hydrazine vapor. The foam is subjected to structural and chemical composition studies. Microscopic investigations, BrunauerEmmettTeller (BET), and X‐ray tomography are carried out to characterize its internal structure, including the nature and size of the pores, and to determine the specific surface area. The strength parameters of the foams are then measured, i.e., Young's modulus, tensile strength, and compressive strength. Next, tests are performed for functional applications. The ability of the foam to remove free chlorine from water is investigated. This ability far exceeds that of activated carbon (AC). The foam removes 97% of chlorine at the same time, whereas AC removes only 38%. The sorption dynamics are almost six times higher than those of AC. Cyclic sorption studies demonstrate that the foam can be used multiple times for this purpose.

Surface properties are crucial for ensuring the long‐term safety and effectiveness of cardiovascular stents. This study comprehensively investigates the influence of nanostructured 316L stainless steel (SS) surfaces on corrosion, endothelization, endothelial cell functions, and platelet interactions for cardiovascular stent applications. Toward this goal, nanodimple (ND) and nanopit (NP) morphologies, with feature sizes ranging from 25 to 220 nm, are fabricated on 316L SS surfaces via anodization. The nanostructured surfaces, regardless of their morphology or feature size, enhance the corrosion resistance of 316L SS. In vitro results show that human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) responded favorably to the nanostructured topography, demonstrating improved proliferation on the ND and NP surfaces. Additionally, higher HUVEC migration, enhanced angiogenesis‐related cellular functions and the upregulation of angiogenesis‐related genes are observed for the nanostructured surfaces. Furthermore, all nanostructured surfaces, independent of morphology and feature size, significantly reduced platelet adhesion and hemolysis rates. Notably, the ND200 surfaces, with 200 nm sized ND features, exhibited superior corrosion resistance, enhanced in vitro HUVEC functions, and improved hemocompatibility compared to the conventionally‐used 316L SS surfaces. Overall, the fabrication of nanostructures on 316L SS offers an innovative approach that may address clinical complications such as poor endothelization, and thrombus formation.

This study scales up the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process for graphene growth using CH₄ and H₂ mixtures on large molten Cu substrates using a liquid metal catalyst (LMCat) reactor. In situ optical microscopy and ex situ Raman spectroscopy reveal key differences from previous studies on smaller molten Cu surfaces. Graphene grown on large molten Cu exhibits improved quality and uniformity at low [CH₄]/[H₂] ratios. A shift in the growth mechanism is observed: at low [CH₄]/[H₂], single‐front growth yields high‐quality graphene, whereas higher ratios cause multiple nuclei to merge, forming a nucleation‐flow‐merger pattern. Raman spectroscopy confirms uniform graphene quality at low [CH₄]/[H₂]. At intermediate [CH₄]/[H₂], few‐layer graphene grows uniformly on larger Cu substrates. Finite element analysis using COMSOL Multiphysics shows that efficient heating of reaction gases by molten Cu enhances graphene growth. An empirical model, developed from experimental data, reliably predicts the fastest graphene growth on large liquid Cu substrates. These findings address critical challenges and advance the feasibility of continuous, industrial‐scale graphene production using molten metal catalysts.

The chemical and electronic structure of the CdS/(Ag,Cu)(In,Ga)Se2 (CdS/ACIGSe) interface for thin‐film solar cells, involving an absorber with a bulk [Ag]/([Ag]+[Cu]) (AAC) ratio of 0.06, a state‐of‐the‐art RbF post‐deposition treatment (PDT), and a chemical‐bath deposited CdS buffer layer, is studied. To gain a detailed and depth‐resolved picture of the CdS/ACIGSe interface, synchrotron‐ and laboratory‐based hard X‐ray, soft X‐ray, and UV photoelectron spectroscopy, inverse photoemission spectroscopy, and X‐ray emission spectroscopy are combined. Compared to the bulk of the absorber, a Cu‐ and Ga‐poor ACIGSe surface is found, with a slightly increased AAC ratio. Strong evidence of a Rb–In–Se species (possibly with some Ag) at the absorber surface is compiled, with a corresponding band gap of 2.79 ± 0.12 eV. This finding is in clear contrast to comparable Ag‐free Cu(In,Ga)Se2 absorbers with RbF‐PDT. The Rb–In–Se surface species is not removed by the (wet‐chemical) CdS deposition process, while some Se diffuses into the CdS layer and segregates at its surface. The CdS buffer layer shows a band gap of 2.48 ± 0.12 eV, and a cliff (≈ −0.4 eV) is determined in the conduction band alignment at the interface between the Rb–In–Se species and the CdS buffer.

Electroless plating is a solution‐based metal deposition technique through redox reaction, without external power. Due to its simple, versatile, and low‐cost process, coupled with high compatibility with various metals, electroless plating has become a key technology in many industrial fields such as electronics, automotive, aerospace, and biomedical engineering. Recent advances in electroless plating have enabled sophisticated plating on polymers and three‐dimensional surfaces, making it a prominent technology in emerging fields such as selective laser sintering, additive manufacturing, and wearable technology. This review provides a comprehensive overview of electroless plating, from its core theory to the latest research trends. Initially, the detailed mechanism of electroless plating is described, followed by an examination of the plating process. Then, the compositions of a typical electroless plating bath are introduced, and the critical operating parameters are categorized. Next, the evaluation factors of electroless plated surfaces are discussed, along with the current limitations of electroless plating technology. Finally, the various applications of electroless plating studied to date are presented, and future directions for this technology are suggested.

Oxide heterointerfaces are extremely common in both natural and artificial composite structures, including corroded structural materials. Often, key properties such as segregation and atomic transport are dictated by the structure of these interfaces. However, despite this critical link, very few heterointerfaces have been studied in any detail at the atomic scale. Here, one important oxide heterointerface is examined, between spinel and corundum, using the chemical system FeCr2O4/Cr2O3 as a representative and technologically important case. Using atomistic simulation techniques, it is found that the structure, particularly the local chemistry, of the interface depends on the crystal chemistry at the interface. This atomic and chemical structure further impacts important properties such as defect segregation and mass transport. It is found that defects can nucleate at some regions of these interfaces and migrate back and forth across the corundum layer, suggesting high atomic mobility that may be important for the evolution of spinel/corundum composite structures in extreme conditions.

Local structure analysis in physically adsorbed small molecule systems on metal surfaces remains challenging. The structural models of monolayers formed by weakly adsorbed CO molecules on Ag(111) surfaces have long been controversial. In this study, the structure of the CO monolayer is determined through high‐resolution atomic force microscopy (AFM) observations at 4.5 K. Contrary to a previously proposed model based on scanning tunneling microscopy experiments [Phys. Rev. B 71, 153405 (2005)], it is found that the CO monolayer adopts a close‐packed structure. Additionally, a superstructure associated with higher‐order commensurate between the 31×31$\sqrt {31} \times \sqrt {31}$ lattice of Ag(111) and the 4 × 4 lattice of CO is identified. A structural model, involving the tilt of the CO molecular axis, is proposed based on AFM observations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Thermal fluctuations of the CO molecules are also observed, and the energy barrier derived from the hopping rate aligns with estimates from DFT calculations. These results indicate that AFM is powerful for atomic‐level analysis of physisorption systems.

Extracellular vesicle (EV)‐incorporated hydrogels have emerged as promising scaffolds for tissue repair due to their ability to present biological cues. However, the encapsulation efficiency and distribution of EVs within hydrogels still require improvement to enhance tissue healing outcomes. In this study, a novel approach is developed that uses EVs as crosslinkers for hydrogel formation, ensuring that EVs are present at every crosslinking point and thereby achieving both functional incorporation and uniform distribution of EVs. Amphiphilic molecules with various functional groups are successfully inserted into the EV membrane, enabling crosslinking with hydrogel macromers, which is versatile for multiple crosslinking chemistries. EV‐crosslinked hydrogels exhibited faster stress relaxation properties due to EV stretchability compared to hydrogels crosslinked with traditional elastic polymers, promoting enhanced cell spreading and proliferation. Additionally, it is demonstrated that EV crosslinkers could present proteins throughout the hydrogel network while maintaining their biological activity. Using VEGF‐loaded EV crosslinkers, induced endothelial cell clustering and sprouting are successfully, indicating early angiogenic responses. These results underscore the potential of EV‐crosslinked hydrogels for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, offering tunable mechanical properties and the capacity for effective protein delivery.

The interface is an issue in the ferroelectric field effect transistor. In this work, the study presents a combined characterization of the subsurface structure and the electric polarization of (001)‐oriented and poled BaTiO3 crystal sheets. The first layer is found from the last ≈1.22 Å of the crystal to its Ti─O surface, which holds the empty or partly‐filled pseudo excited states of high energy levels, to set up the potential well and trap compensation charges. The second layer from ≈2.45 to ≈1.75 Å beneath the surface, accommodates the distorted lattice, and particularly, the pairs of small polarons and O vacancies at the pseudo ground state and the pseudo excited states of low energy levels. As a concreteness of the depolarization field, the second layer generates the subsurface polaron‐type polarization of reverse ferroelectricity. Between these two layers, there is a gap of states with a thickness ≈0.53 Å. The state bilayer demonstrates a method to quantify the interface, proves the parasitic capacitance, validates the parallel‐plate capacitor configuration, and gives a telltale sign to the enhanced ferroelectric polarization, the surface proximity property, the flexoelectric effect, the insulating failure, and the photocatalytic phenomena.

Effectively controlling the motion of water droplets on open surfaces is crucial in digital microfluidics. Therefore, this study develops a triboelectric method that involves using a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) rod on the back side of a substrate for controlling the movement of water droplets on the opposite side of the substrate. Glass substrates with silica nanowires are prepared, and surface treatment is then performed to ensure superhydrophobicity. Results indicate that the triboelectric static electricity generated on a PTFE rod is sufficient for driving water droplets on the prepared substrates. The droplets can be controlled to move along specific trajectories over an extended period without any water being lost; the droplets’ speed and acceleration can exceed 100 mm s⁻¹ and 10 000 mm s⁻², respectively. Droplets with various volumes can be controlled using the aforementioned method, which enables the method to be effective even when droplets mix to produce larger droplets. Moreover, water droplets can be collected over long distances by leveraging electrostatic forces, and the proposed method is effective even in hexane solvents. Finally, Raman signal detection can be enhanced for trace molecules by mixing water droplets containing silver nanoparticles and rhodamine 6G molecules after rapidly oscillating them by using the proposed method.

Lanthanide double‐decker phthalocyanine (LnPc2) complexes are highly coveted for their prospective uses in ultrahigh‐density data storage and quantum computing. Notably, the quantum spin systems comprising these complexes and superconducting substrates exhibit unique quantum magnetic interactions. Through scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy (STS) experiments, the interaction between the magnetic double‐decker DyPc2 molecules and the superconducting Pb(111) substrate is investigated. Three distinct adsorption patterns of DyPc2 on Pb(111) are experimentally observed. Combined with DFT calculations, it is found that the ligand spin of the normal DyPc2 molecules in the self‐assembled monolayer (SAM) is quenched, which is attributed to strong charge transfer from Pb(111). However, special DyPc2 molecules embedded in the SAM maintain ligand spin due to weak charge transfer, forming a complex quantum spin system with the superconducting substrate. Similarly, DyPc2 molecules located on the second layer exhibit the same behavior. Under zero magnetic field, the Yu–Shiba–Rusinov (YSR) resonances are observed within the superconducting energy gap of both spin quantum systems. The Kondo resonance and the superconducting pairing occur at similar energy scales, indicating their coexistence and competition. This ultimately results in a Kondo‐screened state. By controlling the sample bias, the special molecule can be switched to a normal molecule.

Although GaN has successfully epitaxy growth on 4H‐SiC substrate, its kinetics mechanism, and how to control the morphology and polarity of epitaxial GaN have not been revealed yet. Herein, by investigating the epitaxial process of GaN growth on 4H‐SiC substrate, we found that the Si‐TH and C‐MT configurations are stable for Ga‐N co‐adsorption, S nucleation and epitaxy growth. Ga‐polar GaN has been found in the Si‐TH configuration, whereas potential N‐polar GaN has been realized in Si‐TM and C‐TH configurations. Besides, the predicted novel 4|8 GaN with non‐polar has been found in the C‐MT configuration, resulting from the polarity competition of GaN nucleation. Both layered GaN and novel 4|8 GaN exhibit quantum effects here. Our work not only reveals the kinetics mechanism of GaN epitaxy growth on 4H‐SiC substrate in‐depth, but also provides a potential way to control the structure and polarity of epitaxial GaN with precise configurations in situ.

Radiation combined wound injury (RCWI) presents significant healing challenges due to radiation‐induced immune suppression, organ dysfunction, and disruption of growth factors and extracellular matrix dynamics. Conventional dressings like gauze are inadequate for these complex injuries. Hydrogels have emerged as a promising solution for radiation‐induced skin and mucosal injuries, offering superior mechanical strength, cell‐regeneration support, and multifunctional biochemical properties, including antimicrobial, antioxidant, and adhesive capabilities. They create a moist, biocompatible environment that promotes cell proliferation, migration, and tissue repair, while enabling sustained drug delivery, free radical scavenging, inflammation suppression, and Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA） repair. Despite their potential, a systematic comparison of wound dressings for radiation injuries remains lacking. This review addresses this gap by focusing on multifunctional hydrogels as supportive matrices and therapeutic enhancers, exploring radiation‐impaired healing mechanisms, highlighting hydrogel advancements, and comparing their efficacy in common versus radiation‐induced wounds. It also provides future research directions and clinical practice insights, emphasizing the potential of hydrogels in RCWI treatment. By bridging current knowledge gaps, this review aims to guide future research and improve clinical practices in radiology and trauma medicine.

Concrete is extensively used in construction, roadways, and other engineering fields. However, its hydrophilic and porous structure renders it susceptible to oxidative corrosion, sand erosion, and acid rain when exposed to outdoor environments. Therefore, developing superhydrophobic coatings with superior waterproofing properties is a critical strategy to protect concrete. Nevertheless, existing superhydrophobic concrete coatings suffer from issues, such as poor durability, complex application processes, restricted color options, and difficulties in large‐scale production. Herein, a spraying method is developed that utilizes nano‐SiO2, epoxy resin, cetyltriethoxysilane, and iron oxide dyes to produce a robust, corrosion‐resistant, and multicolored superhydrophobic concrete coating with red, yellow, blue, and green colors. The produced coatings exhibit a water contact angle (CA) of 156° ± 1° and a sliding angle (SA) of 5° ± 1°. The hydrophobicity of the coatings arises from the synergistic effects of cetyltriethoxysilane, which provides low surface energy, and SiO2, which creates micro and nanoscale roughness on the coating surface. Meanwhile, the coating's robustness stems from the adhesive properties of epoxy resin and hydrogen‐bonding interactions between SiO2 and the concrete substrate. Thus, the developed superhydrophobic coating shows significant potential for extending the lifespan of concrete building facades, enhancing decorative and waterproofing features, and ensuring surface cleanliness.

This study reports the fabrication and performance of single‐crystal organic field‐effect transistors (SC‐OFETs) based on three 5,15‐bisaryl‐tetrabenzoporphyrin (BP) derivatives: C8Ph‐BP, C8Ph‐Ph‐BP, and Ph‐BP, where C8Ph and Ph are 4‐n‐octylphenyl and phenyl groups, respectively. These compounds are designed to investigate how meso‐substituted C8Ph and Ph groups affect molecular packing and charge transport properties of BP derivatives. X‐ray crystallography analysis confirms that all derivatives exhibit a herringbone packing structure. SC‐OFETs using single crystals of each derivative demonstrate maximum hole mobilities of 1.64 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹ for C8Ph‐BP, 0.89 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹ for C8Ph‐Ph‐BP, and 1.21 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹ for Ph‐BP. The high mobility of C8Ph‐BP is attributed to its interdigitated parallel π‐stacking, enhanced by van der Waals interactions between n‐octyl groups. In contrast, Ph‐BP and C8Ph‐Ph‐BP show lower charge mobilities. This work demonstrates the influence of the n‐octyl and meso‐phenyl groups on the packing arrangements and the charge transport efficiency in SC‐OFETs, offering insights into optimizing organic semiconductors for high‐performance electronic applications.