Acta Comitas

This research is based on Circular Letter 2/SE- HT.02.01/VI/2019, dated June 28, 2019 concerning the Granting of Building Use Rights for the Military Alliance (commanditaire vennootschap). This circular is a guideline for implementing the granting of HGB to the temporary Limited partnership companies (CV) when referring to Article 35 paragraph (1) of the Agrarian Law that Building Rights can only be owned by Indonesian Citizens and Legal Entities established under Indonesian law and domiciled in Indonesia, as also described in Article 19 Implementing Regulations, namely Government Regulation Number 40 of 1996 concerning Land Use Rights, Building Use Rights and Land Use Rights. Circular Number 2/SE-HT.02.01/VI/2019, dated June 28, 2019 concerning the granting of Building Rights for the Limited partnership companies(CV), cause a conflicts of legal norms between laws and regulations of one degree or another or between laws and regulations in a hierarchical manner. Furthermore is the arising of legal uncertainty from the description above, the problems that can be raised in this study are: What is the legal position of the Limited partnership companies (CV) according to the legal provisions in Indonesia and whether the Limited partnership companies (CV) can be used as the subject of the Right to Use. This research uses the Normative legal research method by using a type of approach in the form of a statutory approach and an analytical conceptual approach. Sources of legal materials used in this study include primary, secondary and tertiary legal sources. The results of this study indicate that the legal status of limited partnership (CV) in Indonesian law is that Limited partnership companies(CV) is not a legal entity but only as a business entity. This can be assessed based on the characteristics of the legal entity that is the separation of assets of the state-owned companies with the assets of business entities, so that the state-owned companies are only responsible for the limited assets owned. Meanwhile, in CV, all active (complementary) and passive (limited partnership) companies may be held liable for losses suffered by CV, as Article 21 of the Code of Business Lawthat said CV companies has jointly responsible and jointly responsible (CV) cannot be the

Pawnshop Company is a State Owned Enterprises (SOEs), which is engaged in the business of providing credit services and applicable statutory lien for anyone with a moving objects collateral requirement. In order to develop the business, so Government Regulation No. 103 of 2000 was issued, stated of the granting of the loan based on the collateral of fiduciary money. As an institution that provides credit to guarantee the fiduciary shall comply with the provisions set out in Law No. 42 of 1999, especially Article 11, paragraph (1) which states that the objects are burdened with fiduciary collateral required to be registered, but in reality there is no Pawnshop Company comply with Article 11 paragraph (1) of Law No. 42 of 1999 on Fiduciary. Based on the gap das sein and das sollen, then can be formulated the problem of how fiduciary guarantee enrollment application pursuant to Article 11 paragraph (1) of Law No. 42 of 1999 on Company Pawnshop and how execution of fiduciary insurance company that is not registered by the Company Pawnshop when borrowers are in default. Empirical legal research is used in this thesis, because it’s getting out of the gap between das Sein and das sollen. The approach used in this thesis is the legislation approach, case-based approach, and the analytical approach. The nature of the research in this study was a descriptive study, sites in the Pawnshop Company branch Denpasar and Tabanan. The data used in this thesis is the primary data / field data and secondary data / literature. Data collecting techniques used in this thesis is planned interview techniques and reading literature. Sampling techniques used in this thesis is purposive sampling and the data obtained are presented in descriptive qualitative. The results of this problem study is application of fiduciary guarantee enrollment on the Pawnshops Company, that disobedience to law number 42 of 1999 Article 11 paragraph (1) was happened, while the execution of fiduciary insurance company that is not registered by Pawnshop Company if debtor in default is done by a family way.

In order to overcome and eradicate the crime of money laundering the president has issued Presidential Regulation No. 13 of 2018 concerning The Implementation of the Principles of Recognizing Beneficial Owners of Corporations in the Context of Prevention and Eradication of Acts Crime of Money Laundering and Crime of Terrorism Funding, so the problem in this study is how is the implementation of Presidential Regulation Number 13 of 2018 in the establishment of a limited liability company and whether the beneficial owner has implemented it. This study uses empirical legal research methods, because it wants to know how the implementation of Presidential Regulation No. 13 of 2018 in the establishment of a limited liability company and whether the beneficial owner has implemented it, to find out this study uses the facta approach and the statute approach. The results of this study are officials appointed by the company to inform the data of the beneficial owner of a company in accordance with Article 18 paragraph (3) of the Presidential Regulation No. 13 of 2018, one of which is a Notary, that the implementation of Presidential Regulation No. 13 of 2018 in the establishment of limited liability companies is in the form of a Statement in which the beneficial owner states that it is true as the owner and depositor of funds within the company, but not all notaries want to implement Presidential Regulation No. 13 of 2018 because, assuming that it will make a boomerang for the notary find out who is actually the beneficial owner of the company and here the notary is still subject to and cling to the Act of Notary Position which is only pouring out what the parties want into the deed. Demi menanggulangi dan memberantas kejahatan tindak pidana pencucian uang ini presiden telah membuat peraturan Presiden No. 13 pada tahun 2018 mengenai Penerapan Prinsip Mengenali Pemilik Manfaat Dari Korporasi Dalam Rangka Pencegahan dan Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang dan Tindak Pidana Pendanaan Terorisme, sehingga permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimanakah implementasi Peraturan Presiden Nomor 13 Tahun 2018 dalam pendirian perseroan terbatas dan apakah pemilik manfaat sudah ada yang menerapkannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum empiris, dikarenakan ingin mengetahui bagaimanakah implementasi Peraturan Presiden Nomor 13 Tahun 2018 dalam pendirian perseroan terbatas dan apakah pemilik manfaat sudah ada yang menerapkannya, untuk mengetahuinya penelitian ini menggunakan suatu metode dengan pendekatan fakta atau istilah asingnya the facts approach dan dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan atau istilah asingnya the statute approach. Hasil penelitian ini adalah pejabat yang ditunjuk oleh perusahaan untuk menginformasikan data pemilik manfaat dari suatu perusahaan sesuai pada Pasal 18 ayat (3) Peraturan Presiden Nomor 13 Tahun 2018 yang salah satunya adalah Notaris, bahwa implementasi Peraturan Presiden Nomor 13 Tahun 2018 dalam pendirian perseroan terbatas adalah dalam bentuk Surat Pernyataan yang di dalamnya adalah pemilik manfaat menyatakan bahwa memang benar selaku pemilik dan penyetor dana di dalam perusahaan, namun tidak semua notaris mau menerapkan Peraturan Presiden Nomor 13 Tahun 2018 tersebut karena, beranggapan bahwa akan menjadikan bumerang tersendiri bagi Notaris yang mengetahui siapa sebenarnya pemilik manfaat dari perusahaan tersebut dan disini notaris masih tunduk dan berpegang teguh dengan Undang-Undang Jabatan Notaris yaitu hanya menuangkan apa yang menjadi keinginan para pihak ke dalam akta.

Kesatuan Masyarakat Hukum Adat ataupun masyarakat yang berada dalam Kawasan tertentu, dalam hal ini masyarakat yang berada dalam kawasan hutan dan perkebunan dapat mengajukan Hak Komunal dengan memenuhi persyaratan yang ditentukan dalam Peraturan Menteri Agraria/Tata Ruang dan Kepala BPN Nomor 10 Tahun 2016. Keberadaan Hak Komunal apabila ditinjau dari UUPA tidak termasuk sebagai salah satu jenis hak atas tanah , khususnya dalam Pasal 16 ayat 1 h UUPA, di mana jenis hak atas tanah dapat dikelompokkan menjadi tiga yaitu Hak atas tanah yang bersifat tetap, Hak atas tanah yang ditetapkan oleh undang-undang yaitu hak atas tanah yang akan hadir kemudian yang akan ditetapkan oleh undang-undang dan Hak atas tanah yang bersifat sementara sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 53 UUPA, karena Hak Komunal sendiri ditetapkan berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Agraria/Tata Ruang dan Kepala BPN Nomor 9 Tahun 2015 yang kemudian dicabut dan dinyatakan tidak berlaku, serta kemudian ditetapkan berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Agraria/Tata Ruang dan Kepala BPN Nomor 10 Tahun 2016, yang hampir 80 persen isinya sama dengan Permen Nomor 9 Tahun 2015. Kondisi ini dapat menimbulkan keraguan akan diperolehnya kepastian hukum atas kepemilikan Hak Komunal itu sendiri. Jenis penelitian yang dipergunakan dalam tesis ini dikualifikasikan sebagai penelitian normatif dengan beberapa pendekatan yaitu Pendekatan Perundang-undangan, Pendekatan Konsep), Pendekatan Sejarah dan Pendekatan Perbandingan serta mempergunakan tiga bahan hukum yaitu bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder dan bahan hukum tersier. Teori-terori yang dipergunakan dalam melakukan analisis adalah Teori Kepastian Hukum, Teori Negara Hukum, Teori Perjenjangan Norma, Teori Fungsional dan Teori Legitimasi dan Validitas serta Teori Kemanfaatan. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa pengaturan Hak Komunal yang ditetapkan dengan Peraturan Menteri Menteri Agraria/Tata Ruang dan Kepala BPN Nomor 10 Tahun 2016 belum memberikan jaminan kepastian atas Hak Komunal itu sendiri baik dilihat dari dasar penetapannnya maupun dilihat dari beberapa isi pasal-pasalnya.Untuk itu baik Legislatif maupun Pemerintah Pusat perlu menetapkan Hak Komunal itu dalam bentuk undang-undang, sehingga sesuai dengan UUPA sebagai Hukum Pertanahan yang berlaku di Indonesia sehingga dapat memberikan jaminan kepastian hukum bagi pemegang Hak Komunal.

Notaris sebagai pejabat umum yang berwenang membuat akta otentik sebagaimana diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2004 tentang Jabatan Notaris sebagaimana yang telah diubah dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2014. Notaris sebagaimana diatur dalam Undang-Undang Jabatan Notaris wajib merahasiakan isi akta yang dibuatnya. Namun dalam akta notaris terdapat pula peranan 2 (dua) orang saksi yaitu saksi instrumentair yang dalam hal ini adalah karyawan notaris. Permasalahan yang dihadapi yaitu bagaimanakah kedudukan hukum saksi instrumentair dalam kaitannya dengan adanya kewajiban notaris untuk merahasiakan segala sesuatu yang berkenaan dengan akta yang dibuatnya dalam Pasal 16 ayat (1) huruf f UUJN Perubahan? dan sejauhmana tanggungjawab saksi instrumentair akta notaris sejalan dengan Pasal 16 ayat (1) huruf m UUJN Perubahan? Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif Penelitian hukum Normatif mencakup penelitian terhadap sistematika hukum, penelitian terhadap taraf sinkronisasi hukum, penelitian sejarah hukum dan penelitian perbandingan hukum. Penelitian ini beranjak dari terjadinya konflik norma antara Pasal 16 ayat (1) huruf f dengan Pasal 16 ayat 1 huruf m UUJN Perubahan. Sumber data yang dipergunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu data primer dan data sekunder. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Saksi instrumentair dalam kaitannya dengan adanya kewajiban notaris untuk merahasiakan segala sesuatu yang berkenaan dengan akta yang dibuatnya dalam Pasal 16 ayat (1) huruf f UUJN Perubahan, oleh undang-undang tidak diwajibkan secara tegas kepada para saksi untuk merahasiakan isi akta tersebut, sehingga apabila saksi instrumentair ini membocorkan isi dari suatu akta, maka perbuatan tersebut merupakan suatu perbuatan melawan hukum. dalam hal melakukan pengetikan dan penyusunan rancangan akta, karyawan notaris bertanggung jawab terhadap hasil pengetikan tersebut. Dalam peresmian akta, karyawan notaris memiliki tanggung jawab terhadap apa yang diperintahkan atau ditugaskan atau diminta oleh notaris untuk menjadi saksi dalam peresmian akta. Dengan demikian karyawan notaris tidak bertanggung jawab terhadap isi akta yang ditandatanganinya sebagai saksi, mengingat dari sifat kedudukannya sebagai karyawan yang hanya ditugaskan oleh notaris yaitu hanya sebatas untuk mempersiapkan akta tersebut.

The purpose the reseach is determined of the background of issuance of Permenkumham Number 17 of 2018 and legal certainty of the mandatory fellowship registration firm after the issuance of Permenkumham No. 17/2018. The kind of research using legal normative research, with primier legal material, secondary and tertiory, from these legal materials can be drawn the conclusions by using descriptive analysis methods. The results showed that in order to meet the dynamics of society in the registration of CV, firms and Private Company and registration of their deeds of establishment through an online system to make it faster, efficient and in one instant, the government issued Permenkumham No. 17/2018. But the issuance Permenkumham No. 17/2018 is different from Article 23 and Article 28 of the Indonesian Commercial Code regarding the registration of Firm business entities which must be registered at the Registrar's Office of the District Court where the Firm is located and then the deed must be announced in the News of the Republic of Indonesia. Because of the KUHD has a higher legal hierarchy than a Permen, the Permen cannot override the existing regulations, because by law all its obligations and regulations must still be considered to exist and apply. Permenkumham No. 17/2018 is not in line with the KUHD which is on the legal hierarchy, so it is necessary to conduct an examination at the Supreme Court, in order to obtain results regarding legal certainty from the Permenkumham. Abstrak Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tentang latar belakang diterbitkannya Permenkumham Nomor 17 Tahun 2018 dan kepastian hukum wajib daftar persekutuan firma setelah terbitnya Permenkumham No. 17/2018. Jenis penelitian dari penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif, dengan bahan hukum primier, sekunder dan tersier, dari bahan hukum tersebut dapat menarik kesimpulan dengan menggunakan metode analisa diskriptif. Adapun hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa untuk memenuhi dinamika masyarakat dalam pendaftaran firma, CV dan persekutuan terbatas, dimana Pendaftaran Akta Pendiriannya melalui online system agar lebih cepat, efisien dan dalam satu pintu instansi, maka pemerintah menerbitkan Permenkumham No. 17/2018. Tetapi terbitnya Permenkumham No. 17/2018 terdapat perbedaan dengan Pasal 23 dan Pasal 28 Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Dagang tentang pendaftaran badan usaha Firma yang mana wajib didaftarkan di Kepaniteraan Pengadilan Negeri tempat kedudukan firma tersebut dan kemudian aktanya wajib di umumkan dalam Berita Acara NKRI. Karena KUHD hirarki hukumnya lebih tinggi dari Permen, sehingga Permen tidak dapat mengesampingkan peraturan yang ada diatasnya, karena demi hukum segala kewajiban dan peraturannya harus tetap dianggap ada dan berlaku. Permenkumham No. 17/2018 tidak selaras dengan KUHD yang berada pada hirarki hukum diatasnya, sehingga perlu dilakukan pengujian di Mahkamah Agung, agar memperoleh hasil tentang kepastian hukum dari Permenkumham tersebut.

Tujuan dalam artikel ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaturan restrukturisasi kredit di dalam hukum Indonesia, bagaimana force majeure nisbi dalam pandemi Covid-19 dan bagaimana kebijakan restrukturisasi kredit dalam Perpu Nomor 1 Tahun 2020 bagi UMKM di era pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini didasarkan pada metodologi penelitian hukum normatif. Artikel ini menyimpulkan bahwa regulasi yang telah digunakan dalam restrukturisasi kredit di era Covid-19 adalah UU No.37 Tahun 2004 dan Perpu Nomor 1 Tahun 2020. Situasi pandemi Covid-19 merupakan force majeure nisbi yakni pembebasan pemenuhan kewajiban bersifat penundaan kewajiban bagi debitur sampai situasi atau kondisi membaik. Restrukturisasi kredit dengan dikeluarkannya Perpu Nomor 1 Tahun 2020 dapat membantu masyarakat terdampak Covid-19 sehingga tidak bisa menuntaskan kewajibannya untuk membayar utang serta menyokong dunia ekonomi sehingga dapat bertahan di tengah krisis Covid-19.

Pada tanggal 23 oktober 2017 ditetapkan Keputusan Menteri Agraria Dan Tata Ruang/Kepala Badan Pertanahan Nasional Nomor 276/KEP-19.2/X/2017 Tentang Penunjukan Desa Pakraman Sebagai Subyek Hak Pemilikan Bersama (Komunal) Atas Tanah. Keputusan Menteri tersebut telah memberikan penegasan terhadap pengakuan desa pakraman sebagai masyarakat hukum adat di Provinsi Bali. Adapun rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini, bagaimanakah memaknai konsep komunal atas tanah yang digunakan dalam Keputusan Menteri Agraria Dan Tata Ruang/Kepala Badan Pertanahan Nasional Nomor 276/KEP-19.2/X/2017 terkait keberadaan desa pakraman dan bagaimanakah konsekuensi yuridis Keputusan Menteri Agraria Dan Tata Ruang/Kepala Badan Pertanahan Nasional Nomor 276/KEP-19.2/X/2017 terhadap desa pakraman sebagai subyek hak pemilikan bersama (komunal) atas tanah. Untuk menjawab rumusan masalah tersebut penulis menggunakan jenis penelitian hukum normatif, menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan analisis dan konsep hukum. Sebagai hasil kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah makna komunal atas tanah yang digunakan dalam Keputusan Menteri Agraria Dan Tata Ruang/Kepala Badan Pertanahan Nasional Nomor 276/KEP-19.2/X/2017 menegaskan bahwa hak komunal yang dimaksud merupakan hak pemilikan bersama masyarakat hukum adat dan merupakan hak atas tanah yang dapat disertipikatkan dan Konsekuensi yuridis terhadap penunjukan desa pakraman sebagai subyek hak pemilikan bersama (komunal) atas tanah menimbulkan hak dan kewajiban yang melekat bahwa tanah-tanah desa pakraman dapat didaftarkan ke kantor pertanahan dan desa pakraman berhak untuk mengurus urusan wilayahnya untuk membuat perjanjian dengan pihak ketiga sesuai dengan kesepakatan. Kata Kunci : Desa Pakraman, Hak Komunal, Pendaftaran Tanah

Pasal 3 ayat 2 Undang-Undang Perkawinan dinyatakan bahwa dalam hal bilamana suami yang hendak beisteri lebih disini pengadilan dapat memberi ijin, namun asalkan di kehendaki fihak-fihak yang bersangkutan, yang di anut Undang-Undang Perkawinan ialah asas monogami terbuka artinya tidak menutup kemungkinan untuk poligami. Dalam hal suami boleh melakukan poligami salah satu syaratnya adalah sebagaimana dalam pasal 4 ayat 2 huruf a menyatakan “isteri tidak dapat menjalankan kewajibannya sebagai isteri”. Didalam pasal tersebut kata kewajiban menjadi kabur karena tidak dijelaskan sejauh mana serta apa saja yang mencangkup kewajiban tersebut. Penulisan ini tujuannya mengetahui apa-apa sajakah yang menjadi syarat suami dapat melakukan poligami dan sejauh mana isteri dikatakan tidak dapat menjalankan kewajibannya sebagai isteri sebagaimana dalam pasal 4 ayat 2 huruf a Undang-Undang Perkawinan. Penelitian yang penulis gunakan ialah penelitian hukum normatif. Kesimpulan dari penulisan ini adalah suami dapat melakukan poligami diatur dalam pasal 4 Undang-Undang Perkawinan serta pengadilan masih akan memeriksa persetujuan dari sang isteri, dalam hal perkawinan sebagaimana pasal2 ayat 1 Undang-Undang Perkawinan tidak luput pula dari peran agama serta adat istiadat, sehingga kewajiban isteri dalam pasal 4 ayat 2 huruf a Undang-Undang Perkawinan juga ditinjau dari segi adat dan agama kepercayaan calon suami isteri

The Power of Attorney of the Encumbrance Rights (SKMHT) is a special power of attorney which includes the power to impose the provision of encumbrance by the encumbrance grantor to the recipient of the encumbrance or other person authorized to it. The Power of Attorney of the Encumbrance Rights (SKMHT) must be made in two forms namely the notarial deed or the deed of the land deed official (PPAT) as stipulated by the provisions of Article 15 paragraph (1) of the Law Number 4 of 1996 on the Encumbrance Rights of the Land Along with Bodies Relating to Land. The enactment of the National Land Agency Regulation Number 8 of 2012 requires that the SKMHT shall be made ??in accordance with the format of the attachment of the Regulation. . While the SKMHT in the form of notarial deed shall be made ??in accordance with the provisions of Article 1868 of the Civil Code, the Article 38 of the Revised Law on the Position of the Land Deed Official (UUJNP), and the Article 15 of the Law on The Encumbrance Rights (UUHT). This results in the different arrangements resulting in the lack of uniformity of the SKMHT forms made ??by a notary or the land deed official (PPAT) which giving rise to the legal uncertainty of the form of the SKMHT and the legal effect of the SKMHT made in the form of a notarial deed. The study is a normative legal research, intended to examine the differences in the SKMHT arrangement between the provisions of Article 15 paragraph (1) of The Encumbrance Rights (UUHT) with the Regulation of the Head of National Land Agency (Perkaban) Number 8 of 2012. The study uses the statutory approach that is supported by the literature, legal theory, the opinions of the scholars, as well as the legal dictionaries, as its legal materials. The findings of the study show that the Regulation of the Head of National Land Agency (Perkaban) Number 8 of 2012 does not abolish the SKMHT in the form of a notarial deed as provided in Article 15 paragraph (1) of The Encumbrance Rights (UUHT). the SKMHT in the form of a notarial deed shall be made ??in accordance with the provisions of Article 1868 of the Civil Code, the Article 38 of the Revised Law on the Position of the Land Deed Official (UUJNP), and the Article 15 of the Law on The Encumbrance Rights (UUHT), while the SKMHT in the form of the land deed official (PPAT) shall be made in accordance with the provisions of the Regulation of the Head of National Land Agency (Perkaban) Number 8 of 2012 along with its attachments. It is expected that the firm provisions which regulate the SKMHT in the forms of the notarial deed should be enacted in order to create its legal certainty.

The Land Deed official (the PPAT) is a public official given the authority to make an authentic document related to the conveyance of land. In the land conveyance, many parties employ a power of attorney or a proxy to represent him or herself in committing an act of law, one of which is the act of buying and selling of land. The problem formulation of this thesis is how the implementation of the provisions of article 39 paragraph (1) letter d of the Government Regulation Number 24 of 1997 about the practices of making the land sale deeds by the PPAT in the Klungkung Regency, and what the responsibilities of the PPAT in carrying out their duties as officials who make the land sale deed based on an absolute power of attorney. The research methodology used in the study is juridical empirical research. It can be seen from the scope of discussion namely on what is written in the legislation (das sollen) and the deviations found in the practices of making the land sale deeds made by the PPAT (das Sein). This thesis uses the nullification, the legal affectivity, the responsibility, and the law enforcement theories. The findings of the research showed that there were some irregularities of the implementation of Article 39 paragraph (1) letter d related to the land sale deed by an absolute power of attorney found in the Regency of Klungkung, for instance, there was an indication that a PPAT accepted a privately-made absolute power of attorney to make a land conveyance certificate. This was made because of the creditor's debt agreements. Other irregularities found, that there was a land conveyance certificate made under a stand-alone power of attorney that irrelevant to the land deed of sale. The accountability of a PPAT who accepts an absolute power of attorney in making the land conveyance certificate lies exclusively on his/her own discretion because the PPAT is not under a government agency. It is always possible that those who feel harmed by the malpractice shall be entitled to a civil action for redress. By the routine monitoring and guidance, it is expected that no violations shall be committed by the PPAT otherwise, he or she may be exposed to a lawsuits in the future.

Trips Agreement is an agreement who have a rules about law of industrial design including Indonesia. This research analyzes how the legal protection against industrial design and Transformation Trips Agreement Against Article 5 Paragraph 1 of the Industrial Design Law. This study aims to know and understand the legal protection of industrial design and Transformation Trips Agreement Against Article 5 Paragraph 1 of the Industrial Design Law. This research uses normative juridical research approach. The conclusion derived from this research is the protection system adopted by the Industrial Design Law is a combination of a system of approaches to copyright and patent rights, TRIPs Agreement Transformation to Article 5 Paragraph 1 is period of time given protection about design industry at least 10 years long counted from the received date and shall not be extended. Trips Agreement adalah perjanjian yang merupakan dasar dari aturan tentang kekayaan intelektual salah satunya desain industri bagi Negara anggota WTO termasuk Indonesia yaitu dengan dibentuknya UU Desain Industri. Penelitian ini menganalisis bagaimana perlindungan hukum terhadap desain industri dan Transformasi Trips Agreement Terhadap Pasal 5 Ayat 1 UU Desain Industri. Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dan memahami perlindungan hukum terhadap desain industri dan Transformasi Trips Agreement Terhadap Pasal 5 Ayat 1 UU Desain Industri. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan penelitian yuridis normatif. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah sistem perlindunganyang dianut oleh UU Desain industri adalah kombinasi sistem pendekatan hak cipta dan hak paten serta Transformasi TRIPs Agreement terhadap Pasal 5 Ayat 1 UU Desain Industri adalah jangka waktu perlindungan yang diberikan terhadap hak desain industri adalah 10 tahun terhitung sejak tanggal penerimaan dan tidak dapat diperpanjang.

UUPA tidak mengatur tentang jangka waktu pemberian hak sewa untuk bangunan. Jangka waktu pemberian hak sewa untuk bangunan hanya didasari oleh kesepakatan pihak pemberi sewa dengan pihak penyewa. Merujuk pada Pasal 1548 KUHPerdata disebutkannya “waktu tertentu” menimbulkan pertanyaan terkait apa yang dimaksud dengan waktu tertentu karena pada sewa menyewa tidak perlu disebutkan untuk berapa lama barang itu disewanya, asalkan sudah disetujui harga sewanya untuk satu hari, satu bulan atau satu tahun. Karenanya juga terdapat kekaburan terhadap rumusan Pasal 1548 KUHPerdata terkait dengan apa yang dimaksud “waktu tertentu” dan terhadap mutlak atau tidaknya suatu waktu didalam perjanjian sewa menyewa. Dalam praktek terdapat perjanjian sewa menyewa tanah tertanggal 5 Januari 2005 dengan mencantumkan kalausula seumur hidup dan terhadap perjanjian tersebut telah diputus dan dinyatakan sah oleh Mahkamah Agung dalam putusannya Nomor 2785K/Pdt/2011. Sementara itu menurut Pasal 1339 KUHPerdata suatu perjanjian mengikat juga terhadap kepatutan, kebiasaan dan Undang-Undang. Permasalahan yang dapat diangkat dalam penelitian ini adalah apakah pencantuman klausula seumur hidup di dalam perjanjian sewa-menyewa tanah tertanggal 5 januari 2005 tidak bertentangan dengan asas kepatutan dalam ketentuan pasal 1339 KUHPerdata dan apakah dasar pertimbangan hakim di dalam memutus perkara perjanjian sewa-menyewa tanah yang dilangsungkan seumur hidup pada putusan Mahkamah Agung No. 2785 K/Pdt/2011 telah mencerminkan syarat sahnya perjanjian menurut ketentuan pasal 1320 KUHPerdata Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan jenis pendekatan yang digunakan meliputi pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan kasus dan pendekatan analisis konsep hukum. Sumber bahan hukum yang digunakan dalam penelitian terdiri dari bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder dan bahan hukum tersier. Teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum menggunakan sistem kartu. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pencantuman klausula seumur hidup pada perjanjian sewa menyewa tertanggal 5 Januari 2005 tidaklah patut atau bertentangan dengan asas kepatutan didalam Pasal 1339 KUHPerdata dan dasar pertimbangan Majelis Hakim dalam memutus perjanjian sewa menyewa tertanggal 5 Januari 2005belum mencerminkan syarat sahnya perjanjian didalam Pasal 1320 KUHPerdata. Oleh karenan itu kedudukan perjanjian sewa menyewa tertanggal 5 Januari 2005 menurut hukum perjanjian yang berlaku adalah batal demi hukum sehingga tidak memiliki kekuatan untuk mengikat para pihak. Kata Kunci : perjanjian, sewa menyewa, seumur hidup, asas kepatutan.

Notary Supervisory Regional Assembly (MPD) is an institution that is based upon the provisions of Article 66 and Article70 (a) of Law No. 30 of 2004 Regarding Notary. The presence of MPD in the practice of providing protection for the notary public to call as a witness to the deed is made?? for the purpose of investigations or proceedings in a civil or criminal case. Based MKRI’s Decision Number 49/PUU-X-2012 dated May 28, 2013, authorized the MPD as a protective institution notary office to be reduced, so that each call-related notary deed made?? in the examination as a witness or as a defendant/suspect by police, prosecutors and following a court decision photo copy minute deed or notarial protocol in storage no longer require the approval ofthe MPD. Issues arising under the MKRI’s decision are the lack of legal protection forthe notary, but notary publicis an officer who makes authentic act that has legal force and position it perfectly guaranteed by law. Based on the problems, can be formulated in concerns about how the form of legal protection for the office of notary public in the event ofa notary as a witness by calling the police or the courts after the birth of the MKRI Judgment and Decision MKRI whether it also resulted in the provision of Article 70 (a) does not need to be implemented by the MPD in relation to the result of calling the notary deed is made.

One action of realizing the objective of the enactment of the Basic Agrarian Law is the implementation of land registration by using a Land Deed Official certificates as proof of registration of land. The existence of the certificate forms of the Land Deed Official regulated by the Regulation of the Head of National Land Agency Number 3 of 1997 which was then amended by the Regulation of the Head of National Land Agency Number 8 of 2012, both of them regulate about the Land Deed Official certificate using the land certificate forms. The legal consequences of the abovementioned fact raises questions of the followings: What is the legal standing of the land certificate forms issued by a Land Deed Official under the Regulation of the Head of National Land Agency Number 3 of 1997 which has been used by a Land Deed Official as an evidence of transfer of registration of land rights in the Land Affairs Office after the date of March 31, 2013 by the enactment of the Regulation of the Head of National Land Agency Number 8 of 2012 and what efforts should be taken by the Land Deed Officials in the event that the certificate forms of the Land Deed Official issued under the Regulation of the Head of National Land Agency Number 3 of 1997 is not acceptable as an evidence of transfer of registration of land rights after the enactment of the Regulation of the Head of National Land Agency Number 8 of 2012. The study is an empirical legal research, examining the gap between the theories (das solen) with the practices (das sein) in which in the Head of National Land Agency Regulation Number 8 of 2012 Article II point 1 letter a, stipulates that a land certificate form of the National Land Agency (BPN) can still be used. Whereas, in the letter b states that the land certificate forms of the National Land Agency which are no longer being used, shall be returned. In practice, in the Land Deed Official office, the use of a land certificate form of the Land Deed Official issued under the Regulation of the Head of National Land Agency Number 3 of 1997 cannot be accepted in the Agrarian Office. The data and the data sources of this empirical legal research are primary, secondary and tertiary data. The findings of the study indicate the legal standing of the certificate forms of the Land Deed Official issued under the Regulation of the Head of National Land Agency Number 3 of 1997 after the date of 31 March 2013 by law (de jure) is no longer considered as the certificate of the Land Deed Official, but as the evidence of the legal acts set forth therein as the perfect evidence. On the other hand, in practice, the certificate cannot be used as registration evidence by the Agrarian Office, and the solution is to summon the parties to re-sign.

Decision of the Constitutional Court No. 49 / PUU-X / 2012 which cancels the phrase "with the approval of the MPD" resulting in the authority of the MPD stipulated in Article 66 paragraph (1) of Law No. 30 of 2004 concerning the Position of Notary (UUJN) resulting in the loss of MPD's authority to give approval to investigators, prosecutors or judges for judicial proceedings involving notary public. Then the article was the subject of a lawsuit to be petitioned for material testing at the Constitutional Court, which was then terminated in Decision of the Constitutional Court No. 22 / PUU-XVII / 2019. However, the ruling of the Constitutional Court's ruling gave rise to a ruling that was different from the previous ruling, which stated that "Article 66 paragraph (1) UUJNP does not contradict the 1945 Constitution". The purpose of this paper is to find out changes to the regulations of the position of the Notary public after Decision of the Constitutional Court No. 49 / PUU-X / 2012 and to assess the inconsistency of the Constitutional Court's Decision on the review of material in Article 66 UUJN. This research is a normative legal research using the law approach, conceptual approach and case approach. The analyzed legal materials are primary and secondary legal materials with descriptive, comparative, evaluative and argumentative analysis techniques. Amendment to the regulation of the Notary Public after Decision of the Constitutional Court No. 49 / PUU-X / 2012 which abolished the MPD's authority in giving approval, has been replaced by MKN as stipulated in Article 66 paragraph (1) of the UUJNP. Inconsistencies that occur in Decision of the Constitutional Court No. 49 / PUU-X / 2012 and Decision of the Constitutional Court No. 22 / PUU-XVII / 2019 in the case of material testing of Article 66, due to differences in the Constitutional Court's considerations which resulted in differences in ruling on the previous Decree declared contrary to the 1945 Constitution whereas the most recent Decision was stated not to contradict the 1945 Constitution. The legal implications of the inconsistency have resulted in legal uncertainty and decreased public confidence in the judiciary. Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi (MK) No. 49/PUU-X/2012 telah membatalkan frasa “dengan persetujuan Majelis Pengawas Daerah” Pada Pasal 66 ayat (1) Undang-Undang No. 30 Tahun 2004 tentang Jabatan Notaris (UUJN) mengakibatkan hilangnya kewenangan MPD yakni terkait pemberian persetujuan terkait proses peradilan oleh penyidik, penuntut umum, atau hakim. Namun dengan lahirnya Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2014 tentang Perubahan Atas UUJN (UUJNP) kembali menghadirkan frasa yang pernah dibatalkan oleh putusan MK dengan nama badan yang berbeda yaitu “Majelis Kehormatan Notaris (MKN)” di pasal yang sama yang pernah dibatalkan oleh MK yakni Pasal 66 ayat (1). Kemudian pasal tersebut kembali menjadi pokok gugatan perkara untuk dimohonkan pengujian secara materiil di MK yang kemudian diputus dalam Putusan MK No. 22 /PUU-XVII/2019. Namun amar putusan MK ini memunculkan amar yang berbeda dengan putusan sebelumnya, yang menyatakan bahwa “Pasal 66 ayat (1) UUJNP tidak bertentangan dengan UUD 1945”. Adapun tujuan dari penulisan ini yakni untuk mengetahui perubahan peraturan jabatan Notaris pasca adanya Putusan MK No. 49/PUU-X/2012 dan untuk mengkaiji mengenai inkonsistensi Putusan MK terhadap pengujian materi pada Pasal 66 UUJN. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan undang-undang, pendekatan konseptual dan pendekatan kasus. Bahan hukum yang dianalisa berupa bahan hukum primer dan sekunder dengan teknik analisa deskriptif, komparatif, evaluative dan argumentatif. Perubahan pengaturan Notaris pasca Putusan MK No. 49/PUU-X/2012 yang menghapuskan kewenangan MPD dalam memberi persetujuan, telah digantikan oleh MKN yang tertuang dalam Pasal 66 ayat (1) UUJNP. Inkonsistensi yang terjadi dalam Putusan MK No. 49/PUU-X/2012 dan MK No. 22/PUU-XVII/2019 dalam hal pengujian materiil Pasal 66, disebabkan karena perbedaan pertimbangan MK yang mengakibatkan perbedaan amar pada Putusam sebelumnya dinyatakan bertentangan dengan UUD 1945 sedangkan pada Putusan terbaru dinyatakan tidak bertentangan dengan UUD 1945. Implikasi hukum akibat inkonsistensi tersebut mengakibatkan adanya ketidakpastian hukum dan menurunnya kepercayaan publik kepada peradilan.

Changes to the implementation of the affairs of labor inspection with the enactment of Law Number 23 Year 2014 on Regional Government impact on the implementation and reporting procedures for compulsory labor report in the company, namely: 1) How the implementation of compulsory reporting of employment in the company at the office of the office in charge of manpower in the districts /city? 2) How is the reporting procedure required to report employment in the company following the enactment of Law Number 23 Year 2014? To find and find solutions to the problem formulation to be studied, then in this writing is done by normative legal research methods with the approach of legislation. As regulated in Article 4 paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) of Law Number 7 of 1981 concerning Obligatory Reporting of Employment in the Company, employers or managers of the company shall report in writing any establishment, termination, reestablishment, transfer or dissolve the company to the Minister who is responsible in the field of manpower or appointed official in this matter who is entrusted with the task of supervision in the field of manpower. Perubahan terhadap penyelenggaraan urusan pengawasan ketenagakerjaan dengan berlakunya Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah berdampak pada pelaksanaan dan tata cara pelaporan wajib lapor ketenagakerjaan di perusahaan, yakni: 1) Bagaimanakah pelaksanaan wajib lapor ketenagakerjaan di perusahaan pada kantor dinas yang membidangi ketenagakerjaan di kabupaten/kota? 2) Bagaimanakah tata cara pelaporan wajib lapor ketenagakerjaan di perusahaan setelah berlakunya Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014? Untuk mencari dan menemukan pemecahan atas rumusan masalah yang akan dikaji, maka dalam penulisan ini dilakukan dengan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan. Sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 4 ayat (1) dan ayat (2) Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 1981 tentang Wajib Lapor Ketenagakerjaan di Perusahaan, pengusaha atau pengurus perusahaan wajib melaporkan secara tertulis setiap mendirikan, menghentikan, menjalankan kembali, memindahkan atau membubarkan perusahaan kepada Menteri yang bertanggung jawab dalam bidang ketenagakerjaan atau pejabat yang ditunjuk dalam hal ini yang diserahi tugas pengawasan di bidang ketenagakerjaan.

Indonesian Civil Code, Act Number 1 of 2011 and Government Regulations Number 14 of 2016 does not regulate firmly on the terms of the option rights. Whereas in practice, a lease agreement that includes an option lease term extension lease clause has generated a dispute between the parties in court. The formulation of the issues to be discussed in this thesis is 1). Is the Denpasar district court decision number 467 / Pdt.G2014 / PN.Dps in relation to the lease term extension option is in compliance with the principles of contract law? 2). What are the legal consequences of the extension of the lease term option in the lease agreement? The type of research in this thesis is normative legal research because it departs from the void norm in the Indonesian Civil Code, Act Number 1 of 2011 and Government Regulation Number 14 of 2016 is related to the option right to extend the lease term. The types of approaches used are legislation approach, legal concept analysis approach and case approach. Sources of legal materials used are primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. The technique of collecting legal materials is done by document study. The technique of analysis of legal materials used is technique description, evaluation, and argumentation. The results of research on the issues studied are the court ruling that overrides the tenant's option rights is incompatible with the principle of contract law, the principle of pacta sunt servanda, the principle of good faith and the principle of propierty. The tenant has the option to extend the lease term as stipulated in the lease agreement and the exercise of the right option is done in good faith.

The enactment of Minister of Agrarian and Spatial Planning Number 29 of 2016 concerning Procedures for Granting, Releasing, or Transferring the Right to Ownership of Residential Houses by Foreigners Domiciled in Indonesia has not sufficiently accommodated the interests of Foreign Citizen while in Indonesia. This is evidenced by the lack of sufficient rules to protect the interests of foreign national while implementing a sale and purchase agreement on ownership of a residence during their domicile in Indonesia. This research is a normative legal research. Normative legal research consists of statute approach and legal concepts. The legal material collection technique was by using snowball techniques. The results of the study show that the regulation of residential property that can be owned by foreign nationals while domiciled in Indonesia is not sufficient to provide legal protection for foreign nationals in the event of losses, which require foreigners to pay for the shortage of the nominal purchase of a residential house due to the transition of legislation. The importance of establishing new legislation regarding the ownership of housing by foreigners during their domicile in Indonesia as an effort to realize legal protection for foreign nationals who have contributed to the development of the national economy. The Indonesian government should immediately make or amend the laws and regulation concerning the ownership of houses by foreigners. This must be done so as not to reduce the trust of foreign nationals to invest in Indonesia, which will certainly have an impact on the national economy.

The issuance of Government Regulation Number 29 Year 2016 concerning Changes in the Authorized Capital of Limited Liability has an impact on the founders of the company related to the cost reduction of the establishment of a Limited Liability Company which gives freedom to the founders of the company in determining the legal basis of a Limited Liability Company. Limited Liability Company is a company that carries out trading activities. Every company that carries out trading activities is obliged to take care of the Trade Business License. The making of Trade Business License is regulated in the Minister of Trade's Regulation No. 46 / M-DAG / PER / 9/2009 concerning Issuance of Trading Business License. One of the conditions is to have a wealth of Rp 50,000,000 (fifty million rupiah). From this regulation arises a norm conflict between the Government Regulation and the Ministerial Regulation. The problems arising from this research are the process of establishing a limited company and how is the legal implication of establishing a limited company in making a trade business license with government regulation number 29 of 2016. This research is a normative study with a legal approach and a legal concept analysis approach. The process of establishing a limited liability company is by ordering the name of the company online, then making the deed of establishment of a Limited Liability Company with the conditions set. After all is fulfilled, then the registration is done online on the web https://www.ahu.go.id. the legal implications of establishing a Limited Company in making Trade Business License with Government Regulation Number 29 of 2016 is that the company's founder can make Trade Business License with an authorized capital based on the agreement of the company's founders. Terbitnya Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 29 Tahun 2016 tentang Perubahan Modal Dasar Perseroan Terbatas berdampak pada pendiri perseroan terkait keringanan biaya pendirian Perseroan Terbatas (PT) yang memberikan kebebasan bagi para pendiri perseroan dalam menentukan bersaran modal dasar Perseroan Terbatas. Perseroan Terbatas merupakan perusahaan yang didalamnya melakukan kegiatan perdagangan. Setiap perushaaan yang melakukan kegiatan perdagangan wajib untuk mengurus Surat Izin Usaha Perdangan (SIUP). Pembuatan SIUP diatur dalam Perautran Menteri Perdagangan Republik Indonesia Nomor 46/M-DAG/PER/9/2009 tentang Penerbitan Surat Izin Usaha Perdagangan. Salah satu syaratnya adalah memiliki kekayaan sebesar Rp 50.000.000, (lima puluh juta rupiah). Dari peraturan tersebut timbul konflik norma antara Peraturan Pemerintah dengan Peraturan Menteri tersebut. Adapun permasalahan yang timbul dari penelitian ini adalah Bagaimanakah Proses Pendirian Persoran Terbatas dan Bagaimanakah Implikasi Hukum Pendirian Perseoran Terbatas Dalam Membuat Surat Izin Usaha Perdagangan dengan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 29 Tahun 2016. Penelitian ini berupa penelitian normatif dengan pendeketan undang-undang dan pendekatan analisis konsep hukum. Peroses pendirian perseroan terbatas yaitu dengan memesan nama perseroan secara online, lalu pembuatan akta pendirian Perseroan Terbatas dengan syarat-syarat yang telah diatur. Setelah semua terpenuhi baru dilakukan pendaftarkan melalui online di web https://www.ahu.go.id. implikasi hukum pendirian Perseoran Terbatas dalam membuat SIUP dengan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 29 Tahun 2016 adalah pendiri perseroan dapat membuat SIUP dengan modal dasar kesepakatan para pendiri perseroan.

This study discussed about provision of grants is based on governor regulation of Bali number 2 of 2017 on Guidelines for Grant and Social Assistance, focusing on the implementation arrangement based on related Governor regulation and its relations with Article Number 298 (5) on Law Number 23 of 2014, which has caused different interpretation about the grant provision arrangement implemented by Bali Provincial Government. The study is done by using normative legal research, along with several approaches, such as legislation approach, legal concept approach, as well as case-based approach utilizing primary an d secondary legal sources with combination of snowball technique and card system to obtain all laws and regulations related to the issue studied. The objective of this studyis to formulate solutiontothe conflicting norms in the existing legislation in order to provide legal certainty for the community. The study shows that grant provision arrangement implemented by Bali Provincial Government is based on Bali Governor Regulation, Provision which was formulated based on Regulation of the Minister of Home Affairs Number 14 Year 2016 on the Second Amendment to the Regulation of the Minister of Home Affairs Number 32 Year 2011. It is found that the source of the conflicting norm sinimplementing grant provision at Bali Province comes fom the inconsistency between those regulations because the afore mentioned Governor Regulation has arranged for a logical flow of grant provision to community organizations not listed in the ministerial decree in order to support cultural sustain ability and development in Bali.

Reforms have been carried out by the government through many land reform programs that regulate land ownership and legal relations between owners and land objects, so that a prosperous and productive society is created to advance the national economy and food security. One of them is the prohibition of agricultural land ownership regulated in article 10 paragraph (1) of the Basic Agrarian Law. It is expected that the owners of agricultural land will work on their own land so that productivity will be maximized, the community will be taught to work and be productive regularly and routinely. But in reality in the field in Jabalsari village Sumbergempol subdistrict Tulungagung regency there are still many people who control agricultural land absentee and interpreted the rules of ownership of agricultural land absentee not yet effective, so this research aims to find out the causes of absentee ownership of agricultural land and how a large role Tulungagung Regency National Land Agency in terms of absentee ownership of agricultural land. This research is carried out using the Empirical Juridical method namely how the law is implemented in social life. The results of research conducted in Jabalsari village Sumbergempol Sub-district Tulungagung District showed that absentee land ownership in Tulungagung District occurred due to many factors namely: community awareness factors, cultural factors, legal factors, law enforcement factors in the area, facility and infrastructure factors as well as quite a lot It was found that economic factors, and the responsibility of the National Land Agency of Tulungagung Regency still reached the supervision of certified land and improved administration of agricultural land data, this was done so that in the future it would run and orderly administration of the problem of absentee ownership of agricultural land.

Pasal 3 ayat (1) Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 224 tahun 1961 jo. Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 41 tahun 1964 menyatakan adanya larangan kepemilikan tanah pertanian secara absentee. Dalam prakteknya, kepemilikan tanah pertanian yang dimiliki oleh penduduk asli wilayah tempat tanah pertanian tersebut sudah berpindah ke pihak lain, diluar dari tempat kedudukan tanah tersebut. Hal ini dapat terjadi karena adanya kekosongan norma dalam pasal tersebut sehingga terjadi banyak pelanggaran dan penyelundupan hukum karena digunakannya surat keterangan domisili dan Kartu Tanda Penduduk palsu untuk memalsukan domisili orang yang akan membeli tanah pertanian. Adapun rumusan masalah yang akan dibahas dalam tesis ini adalah 1). bagaimana keberadaan KTP-el terhadap larangan kepemilikan tanah secara absentee? 2). bagaimana keberadaan larangan kepemilikan tanah secara absentee dengan adanya KTP-el dikaitkan dengan program pengampunan pajak? Jenis penelitian ini ialah penelitian hukum normatif karena beranjak dari kekosongan norma terkait dengan larangan kepemilikan tanah pertanian secara absentee yaitu pada Pasal 3 PP Nomor 224 tahun 1961. Pendekatan yang digunakan ialah pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan konsep dan pendekatan historis yang berkaitan dengan tesis ini. Sumber bahan hukum pada tesis ini berupa sumber bahan hukum primer dan sekunder yang berkaitan dengan tesis ini. Teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum dilakukan dengan cara membaca dan mencatat liteatur-literatur yang berkaitan dengan permasalahan dan kemudian akan disajikan dengan deskripif analitis. Hasil Penelitian terhadap permasalahan yang dikaji adalah Berlakunya KTP-el mencegah adanya kepemilikan tanah pertanian secara Absentee. Setiap penduduk hanya bisa memiliki 1 NIK. KTP-el juga dapat menanggulangi adanya kepemilikan tanah pertanian secara absentee. Terbitnya KTP-el memberikan kejelasan mengenai domisili seseorang, sehingga panitia yang bertugas untuk mengawasi program landreform khususnya mengenai program absentee akan mudah untuk mendata tanah-tanah pertanian yang dimiliki secara absentee. Setelah data-data tersebut diperoleh, maka tanah-tanah pertanian yang dimiliki secara absentee dapat didistribusikan kepada petani dalam rangka landreform. Program pengampunan pajak akan membantu mendata adanya kepemilikan tanah pertanian secara absentee. Setelah data-data mengenai kepemilikan tanah pertanian secara absentee sudah didapat, tanah-tanah pertanian tersebut dapat dikontribusikan sesuai dengan aturan yang berlaku. Dengan adanya Program pengampunan pajak dapat menertibkan kepemilikan tanah pertanian secara absentee. Kata kunci : Kepemilikan, tanah pertanian, pengampunan pajak, kartu tanda penduduk.

Online dispute resolution (ODR) is designed to facilitate the proceedings of parties dispute through online technology media such as PCSs, laptops and cell-phones. ODR is expected to facilitate an effective mediation, adjudication communication, so it can provide benefits in the form of time and cost efficiency in dispute resolution. The research questions investigated in this study are: (i) What are the advantages of the concept of proceedings by e-arbitration? (ii) Does the e-arbitration evidence collection procedure in accordance with the evidence principles of civil procedure law? This study employs the normative legal research method. The theories applied in investigating the problems in this research are the economic-legal theory and evidence principles. Through this study, it can be determined the comparison of procedure, benefit of e-arbitration evidence regulation in ShenZhen and Indonesia.

This research paper objectives to discuss the acquit and discharge of the managing role by directors and supervising role by board of commissioners of the corporation. The research used a sample of the annual general meeting of shareholders of 32 public listed companies and 1 district court decision against the directors of a finance company on charges of falsifying company documents. This research uses judicial normative research method combined empirical data. The results show that the absence of acquit and discharge of directors and board of commissioners regulated in the limited company law, acquit and discharge are not entirely an agenda at the general meeting of shareholders and directors or board of commissioners can still be held for accountable, even though acquit and discharge have been given at the annual general meeting of shareholders.