# International Journal of Theoretical Physics (INT J THEOR PHYS)

Publisher: Springer Verlag

## Journal description

International Journal of Theoretical Physics publishes original research and reviews in theoretical physics and neighboring fields such as mathematics and the biological sciences. Dedicated to the unification of the latest physics research this journal seeks to both map the direction of future research arising from new analytical methods including the latest progress in the use of computers as well as to complement traditional physics research by providing fresh inquiry into quantum measurement theory relativistic field theory and other similarly fundamental areas.

## Journal Impact: 0.93*

*This value is calculated using ResearchGate data and is based on average citation counts from work published in this journal. The data used in the calculation may not be exhaustive.

## Journal impact history

2016 Journal impact Available summer 2017 0.93 1.33 1.37 1.09 1.06 0.86 0.67 0.78 0.76 0.82 0.81 0.64 0.65 0.79 0.54 0.57

## Journal impact over time

Journal impact
.
Year

Cited half-life 5.90 0.33 0.01 0.17 International Journal of Theoretical Physics website International journal of theoretical physics (Online), International journal of theoretical physics 0020-7748 39501197 Document, Periodical, Internet resource Internet Resource, Computer File, Journal / Magazine / Newspaper

## Publisher details

This journal may support self-archiving.

## Publications in this journal

• ##### Article: Research on Quantum Authentication Methods for the Secure Access Control Among Three Elements of Cloud Computing
[Hide abstract] ABSTRACT: Cloud computing and big data have become the developing engine of current information technology (IT) as a result of the rapid development of IT. However, security protection has become increasingly important for cloud computing and big data, and has become a problem that must be solved to develop cloud computing. The theft of identity authentication information remains a serious threat to the security of cloud computing. In this process, attackers intrude into cloud computing services through identity authentication information, thereby threatening the security of data from multiple perspectives. Therefore, this study proposes a model for cloud computing protection and management based on quantum authentication, introduces the principle of quantum authentication, and deduces the quantum authentication process. In theory, quantum authentication technology can be applied in cloud computing for security protection. This technology cannot be cloned; thus, it is more secure and reliable than classical methods.
Article · Aug 2016 · International Journal of Theoretical Physics
• ##### Article: Entanglement Dynamics of Electrons and Photons
[Hide abstract] ABSTRACT: Entanglement is a fundamental feature of quantum theory as well as a key resource for quantum computing and quantum communication, but the entanglement mechanism has not been found at present. We think when the two subsystems exist interaction directly or indirectly, they can be in entanglement state. such as, in the Jaynes-Cummings model, the entanglement between the atom and the light field comes from their interaction. In this paper, we have studied the entanglement mechanism of electron-electron and photon-photon, which are from the spin-spin interaction. We found their total entanglement states are relevant both space state and spin state. When two electrons or two photons are far away, their entanglement states should be disappeared even if their spin state is entangled.
Article · Aug 2016 · International Journal of Theoretical Physics
• ##### Article: Feynman’s Proof and Non-Elastic Displacement Fields: Relationship Between Magnetic Field and Defects Field
[Hide abstract] ABSTRACT: We consider the relationship between the magnetic field and the non-elastic displacement field including defects, from the viewpoints of non-commutativity of the positions and non-commutativity of the derivatives. The former non-commutativity is related to the magnetic field by Feynman’s proof (1948), and the latter is related to the defect fields by the continuum theory of defects. We introduce the concept of differential geometry to the non-elastic displacement field and derive an extended relation that includes basic equations, such as Gauss’s law for magnetism and the conservation law for dislocation density. The relation derived in this paper also extends the first Bianchi identity in linear approximation to include the effect of magnetism. These findings suggest that Feynman’s approach with a non-elastic displacement field is useful for understanding the relationship between magnetism and non-elastic mechanics.
Article · Aug 2016 · International Journal of Theoretical Physics
• ##### Article: f(R) Black Holes as Heat Engines
[Hide abstract] ABSTRACT: With the cosmological constant considered as a thermodynamic variable in the extended phase space, it is natural to study the thermodynamic cycles of the black hole, which is conjectured to be performed using renormalization group flow. We first investigate the thermodynamic cycles of a 4-dimensional asymptotically AdS f(R) black hole. Then we study the thermodynamic cycles of higher dimensional asymptotically AdS f(R) black holes. It is found that when ΔV ≪ ΔP, the efficiency of isobar-isochore cycles running between high temperature TH and low temperature TC will increase to its maximum value, which is exactly the Carnot cycles’ efficiency both in 4-dimensional and in higher dimensional cases. We speculate that this property is universal for AdS black holes, if there is no phase transition in the thermodynamic cycle. This result may deepen our understanding of the thermodynamics of the AdS black holes.
Article · Aug 2016 · International Journal of Theoretical Physics
• ##### Article: Dynamic Equations for a Free Particle Motion in a Discrete Space-Time Geometry
[Hide abstract] ABSTRACT: One considers the discrete space-time geometry $$\mathcal {G}_{\mathrm {d}}$$, which is given on the set of points (events), where the geometry of Minkowski is given. This discrete geometry is not a geometry on lattice. Motion of a free particle is considered in $$\mathcal {G}_{\mathrm {d}}$$. Free motion in $$\mathcal {G}_{\mathrm {d}}$$ can be reduced to a motion in geometry of Minkowski $$\mathcal {G}_{\mathrm {M}}$$ in some force field. Primordial free motion in $$\mathcal {G}_{\mathrm {d}}$$ appears to be stochastic. In $$\mathcal {G }_{\mathrm {M}}$$ it is difficult to describe the force field responsible for stochastic motion of a particle. The nature of this force field appears to be geometrical.
Article · Aug 2016 · International Journal of Theoretical Physics
• ##### Article: Erratum to: Quantum Image Encryption Algorithm Based on Quantum Image XOR Operations
Article · Aug 2016 · International Journal of Theoretical Physics
• ##### Article: On Design of Parity Preserving Reversible Adder Circuits
[Hide abstract] ABSTRACT: In this paper novel parity preserving reversible logic blocks are presented and verified. Then, we present cost-effective parity preserving reversible implementations of Full Adder, 4:2 Compressor, Binary to BCD converter, and BCD adder using these blocks. The proposed parity preserving reversible BCD adder is designed by cascading the presented 4-digit parity preserving reversible Full Adder and a parity preserving reversible Binary to BCD Converter. In this design, instead of realizing the detection and correction unit, we design a Binary to BCD converter that its inputs are the output of parity preserving binary adder, and its output is a parity preserving BCD digit. In addition, several theorems on the numbers of garbage outputs, constant inputs, quantum cost and delay of the designs have been presented to show its optimality. In the presented circuits, the delay and the quantum cost are reduced by deriving designs based on the proposed parity preserving reversible blocks. The advantages of the proposed designs over the existing ones are quantitatively described and analysed. All the scales are in the Nano-metric area.
Article · Aug 2016 · International Journal of Theoretical Physics
• ##### Article: A Modular Framework for Quantum-Proof Randomness Extractors
[Hide abstract] ABSTRACT: A quantum-proof extractor is a function that is used to extract randomness from any weakly random source X in the presence of prior quantum information about X. It is known that some constructions are quantum-proof, such as Trevisan’s construction. However, these extractors are generally restrictive for applications on the one-bit output construction and the weak design. Here, we give a modular framework to combine multi-bit output extractors (not only one-bit) with pseudorandom transform, and show that it is sound in the presence of quantum side information. Then combined with the theory of operator spaces, we improve previous theoretical proofs, and discuss the security of two-bit output extractor by giving a tighter bound for it.
Article · Aug 2016 · International Journal of Theoretical Physics
• ##### Article: Generating Entangled State Between the Signal Modes in Forward Three-Wave Mixing
[Hide abstract] ABSTRACT: We present a scheme for generating entangled state with three-wave mixing. By analytic derivation and numerical calculation, we see that the entangled state can be generated by adjusting the phase of the pump field, the effective interaction length and the total number of photons.
Article · Aug 2016 · International Journal of Theoretical Physics
• ##### Article: Infinitive Operator-Sum Representation for Damping in a Squeezed Heat Reservoir via the Thermo Entangled State Approach
[Hide abstract] ABSTRACT: Using the thermo entangled state approach, we successfully solve the master equation of a damped harmonic oscillator affected by a linear resonance force in a squeezed heat reservoir, and obtain the analytical evolution formula for the density operator in the infinitive Kraus operator-sum representation. Interestingly, the Kraus operators M l,m,n,r and $$\mathfrak {M}_{l,m,n,r}^{\dag }$$ are not Hermite conjugate, but they are still trace-preserving quantum operations because of the normalization condition. We also investigate the evolution for an initial coherent state for damping in a squeezed heat reservoir, which shows that the initial coherent state decays to a complex mixed state as a result of damping and thermal noise.
Article · Aug 2016 · International Journal of Theoretical Physics
• ##### Article: Probabilistic Cloning of two Single-Atom States via Thermal Cavity
[Hide abstract] ABSTRACT: We propose a cavity QED scheme for implementing the 1 → 2 probabilistic quantum cloning (PQC) of two single-atom states. In our scheme, after the to-be-cloned atom and the assistant atom passing through the first cavity, a measurement is carried out on the assistant atom. Based on the measurement outcome we can judge whether the PQC should be continued. If the cloning fails, the other operations are omitted. This makes our scheme economical. If the PQC is continued (with the optimal probability) according to the measurement outcome, two more cavities and some unitary operations are used for achieving the PQC in a deterministic way. Our scheme is insensitive to the decays of the cavities and the atoms.
Article · Aug 2016 · International Journal of Theoretical Physics
• ##### Article: Theory of the Half-integer Quantum Hall Effect in Graphene
[Hide abstract] ABSTRACT: The unusual quantum Hall effect (QHE) in graphene is described in terms of the composite (c-) bosons, which move with a linear dispersion relation. The “electron” (wave packet) moves easier in the direction [1 1 0 c-axis] ≡ [1 1 0] of the honeycomb lattice than perpendicular to it, while the “hole” moves easier in [0 0 1]. Since “electrons” and “holes” move in different channels, the particle densities can be high especially when the Fermi surface has “necks”. The strong QHE arises from the phonon exchange attraction in the neighborhood of the “neck” surfaces. The plateau observed for the Hall conductivity and the accompanied resistivity drop is due to the superconducting energy gap caused by the Bose-Einstein condensation of the c-bosons, each forming from a pair of one-electron–two-fluxons c-fermions by phonon-exchange attraction. The half-integer quantization rule for the Hall conductivity: (1/2)(2P−1)(4e2/h), P=1,2,..., is derived.
Article · Aug 2016 · International Journal of Theoretical Physics
• ##### Article: Hawking Radiation of the Charged Particle via Tunneling from the Kaluza-Klein Black Hole
[Hide abstract] ABSTRACT: In this paper, by applying the Lagrangian analysis on the action, we first redefine the geodesic equation of the charged massive particle. Then, basing on the new definition of the geodesic equation, we revisit the Hawking radiation of the charged massive particle via tunneling from the event horizon of the Kaluza-Klein black hole. In our treatment, the geodesic equation of the charged massive particle is defined uniformly with that of the massless particle, which overcomes the shortcomings of its previous definition, and is more suitable for the tunneling mechanism. The highlight of our work is a new and important development for the Parikh-Wilczek’s tunneling method.
Article · Aug 2016 · International Journal of Theoretical Physics
• ##### Article: Efficient Schemes of Joint Remote State Preparation for Two-Qubit Equatorial States
[Hide abstract] ABSTRACT: Recently, Binayak S. Choudhury (Quantum Inf. Process 13, 239 2014), proposed a protocol of joint remote state preparation of an equatorial two-qubit pure quantum state using GHZ states. According to their scheme the probability of success is 0.25. In this letter, an improved scheme is proposed, which can enhance the probability of success to 100 %. Moreover, we propose a scheme to prepare the two-qubit pure quantum state whose coefficient is more general.
Article · Aug 2016 · International Journal of Theoretical Physics
• ##### Article: Novel Designs of Quantum Reversible Counters
[Hide abstract] ABSTRACT: Reversible logic, as an interesting and important issue, has been widely used in designing combinational and sequential circuits for low-power and high-speed computation. Though a significant number of works have been done on reversible combinational logic, the realization of reversible sequential circuit is still at premature stage. Reversible counter is not only an important part of the sequential circuit but also an essential part of the quantum circuit system. In this paper, we designed two kinds of novel reversible counters. In order to construct counter, the innovative reversible T Flip-flop Gate (TFG), T Flip-flop block (T_FF) and JK flip-flop block (JK_FF) are proposed. Based on the above blocks and some existing reversible gates, the 4-bit binary-coded decimal (BCD) counter and controlled Up/Down synchronous counter are designed. With the help of Verilog hardware description language (Verilog HDL), these counters above have been modeled and confirmed. According to the simulation results, our circuits’ logic structures are validated. Compared to the existing ones in terms of quantum cost (QC), delay (DL) and garbage outputs (GBO), it can be concluded that our designs perform better than the others. There is no doubt that they can be used as a kind of important storage components to be applied in future low-power computing systems.
Article · Aug 2016 · International Journal of Theoretical Physics
• ##### Article: Two Types of Maximally Entangled Bases and Their Mutually Unbiased Property in ℂ d ⊗ ℂ d ′ \$\mathbb {C}^{d}\otimes \mathbb {C}^{d^{\prime }}
[Hide abstract] ABSTRACT: We first construct a new maximally entangled basis in bipartite systems $$\mathbb {C}^{d} \otimes \mathbb {C}^{kd}\ (k\in Z^{+})$$ which is diffrent from the one in Tao et al. (Quantum Inf. Process. 14, 2291 (2015)), then we generalize such maximally entangled basis into arbitrary bipartite systems $$\mathbb {C}^{d} \otimes \mathbb {C}^{d^{\prime }}$$. We also study the mutual unbiased property of the two types of maximally entangled bases in bipartite systems $$\mathbb {C}^{d} \otimes \mathbb {C}^{kd}$$. In particular, explicit examples in $$\mathbb {C}^{2} \otimes \mathbb {C}^{4}$$, $$\mathbb {C}^{2} \otimes \mathbb {C}^{8}$$ and $$\mathbb {C}^{3} \otimes \mathbb {C}^{3}$$ are presented.
Article · Aug 2016 · International Journal of Theoretical Physics
• ##### Article: Efficient Generation of Frequency-Multiplexed Entangled Single Photons
[Hide abstract] ABSTRACT: We present two schemes to generate frequency-multiplexed entangled (FME) single photons by coherently mapping photonic entanglement into and out of a quantum memory based on Raman interactions. By splitting a single photon and performing subsequent state transfer, we separate the generation of entanglement and its frequency conversion, and find that the both progresses have the characteristic of inherent determinacy. Our theory can reproduce the prominent features of observed results including pulse shapes and the condition for deterministically generating the FME single photons. The schemes are suitable for the entangled photon pairs with a wider frequency range, and could be immune to the photon loss originating from cavity-mode damping, spontaneous emission, and the dephasing due to atomic thermal motion. The sources might have significant applications in wavelength-division-multiplexing quantum key distribution.
Article · Aug 2016 · International Journal of Theoretical Physics
• ##### Article: The Nonclassicality and Decoherence of a Superposition State Generated in a Resonant Cavity
[Hide abstract] ABSTRACT: We discuss nonclassicality of a superposition of coherent states in terms of sub-Poissonian photon statistics as well as the negativity of the Wigner function. We derive an analytic expression for the Wigner function from which we find that the function has some negative region in phase space. We obtain a compact form of the Wigner function when decoherence occurs and study the effect of decoherence on the state. We demonstrate the behaviour of the nonclassicality indicator.
Article · Jul 2016 · International Journal of Theoretical Physics