Xavier School of Management

The article explores the internal challenges faced by women in leadership roles, with a focus on imposter syndrome and its manifestations. The article reflects on the persistent feelings of self-doubt, over-preparation and the tendency to downplay achievements, particularly in environments dominated by masculine leadership traits. This article illustrates the gender-based differences in how vulnerability and confidence are perceived. The article delves into common behaviours that perpetuate imposter syndrome, including the avoidance of confidence, intellectual inauthenticity and overextending to seek approval. The narrative urges women leaders to embrace their abilities, confront internal insecurities and own their successes unapologetically while fostering authenticity and supporting one another in overcoming these hidden struggles.

We undertake a laboratory experiment to evaluate whether the corporate bankruptcy procedure employed under the current Indian law simultaneously achieves the dual objectives of efficiency and fairness. As the baseline scenario, we deploy the procedure used under the current Indian bankruptcy law. The law adopts a unique mandatory auction mechanism, which combines the claim distribution mechanism with the asset deployment process of the bankrupt firm. Results reveal that, under the existing mechanism, there exists a fairness-efficiency trade-off. If the outcome is efficient, i.e. if the value of the firm is maximized, then it is often distributionally unfair, i.e. the operational creditors do not get their fair share of claim recovery. In contrast, if the outcome is distributionally fair, then it may be inefficient. We introduced a mechanism that separates the deployment and distribution processes. Efficiency and fairness simultaneously improve under the modified mechanism.

When two social media platform businesses merge, a critical decision for the merged entity is whether to keep both platforms operational. We investigate the role of user-homing and the platforms' user bases and advertiser bases in the decision. The only source of revenue for the platforms is the fees charged to the advertisers for advertising on the platforms. Different groups of advertisers have different platform preferences. The main results show that when all users single-home (multi-home), the gain from the merger is more from keeping one (both) platform operational. A merger is welfare increasing if the users single-home.

Executive Summary Technology usage and its derogatory impact on employees give the impression of a new pandemic globally. In addition, having employees from multiple generations in the same workforce has turned the situation even more complex. The available literature on generational cohorts has predominantly looked at the lives in the Western world. However, Dr Twenge highlighted that the generational psyche has been influenced by the concurrent social–economic and cultural changes that took place during the childhood of that generation. Undoubtedly, India as a society has gone through a significant shift in this context since the 1980s, different from the changes happening in the Western world at the same time. In this article, I have tried to highlight these changes and connect them with the work–family ideologies and technology usage of the current dominant generation, the ‘millennial’ in the workforce. Different genders might have developed differing work–family values even when belonging to the same generational cohort. This article gives a well-developed mediation and moderation model to understand how different generational cohorts would experience the work–family conflict mediated by perceived digital overuse (PDO), which is an outcome of technology usage mostly ‘smartphones and internet’. Gender has been highlighted as a crucial moderator in the model, like female employees might be more ready to take advantage of this phenomenon of technology usage than male employees. The efforts recovery theory ( Meijman & Mulder, 1998 ) and the conservation of resources theory ( Hobfoll, 1989 ) have contributed to this model formulation. This article will be very helpful in comprehending the work and non-work needs of different generational cohorts, mostly the dominant cohort ‘millennial’, along with a gender component in it, in deciding the work–family policy formulation.

Green product advertisements often face credibility challenges due to perceived greenwashing, contributing to the attitude‐behavior gap in green consumption. This research examines the strategic use of two‐sided messaging through five experimental studies, assessing its impact on green consumption across various product categories. We explore the nuances of message order, demonstrating that placing the negative message first can either weaken or strengthen green product purchase based on consumers' knowledge of the green product category. This finding highlights that conventional order may not always be effective, especially in green marketing, where consumer knowledge varies. Furthermore, we explore the interactive effect of consumer knowledge in two‐sided messaging involving refutational appeals. Overall, our research offers valuable insights for marketers aiming to strategically leverage two‐sided advertising to enhance green product adoption.

This paper takes up the interesting phenomenon and behavior observed in practice of some firms which appears contrary to the normally expected market-share maximizing behavior. In practice, many firms have been found to not pursue market share relentlessly and aggressively, (which we refer to as the Active Phase) but prefer rather to level off their market share after a point of time (the Passive Phase) or exit the market. In this paper, we analyze such behavior through a simple mathematical model and examine whether there could be economic reasons for such behavior, and whether it would make for a good economic and financial decision. We find that in the Infinite Horizon case, it would not be optimal to withdraw from active marketing but to actively pursue market share indefinitely, whereas in the Finite Horizon case, we find that there could be a point of time where the Passive Phase could also be a viable option to pursue, and a profitable/beneficial economic decision.

Ensuring patient safety and continuity of care within in-patient healthcare settings relies upon effective communication during patient handoffs and transitions. This study delves into the implementation and outcomes of utilizing I-PASS (Illness severity, Patient summary, Action list, Situation awareness and contingency planning, and, Synthesis by receiver) methodology to enhance handoff processes. This process is mainly developed to standardize handoffs. I-PASS not only improves communication but also diminishes medical errors as well as enhances patient outcomes. This study employed descriptive research and stratified simple random sampling technique. The study was conducted in a private multispecialty hospital located in Chennai with a sample size of 120 including nurses and physicians. Demographic factors like age, marital status, gender, occupation, and experience were studied. Statistical tools like correlation, regression, and structural equation modeling were used. Results depict that factors of I-PASS and quality of care have a strong and positive relationship. Recommendations were provided for future improvements.

Objectives Mental health issues among young adults pose a significant challenge globally. Knowledge about yoga’s mechanisms of action to promote well-being in young adults is limited. This study aimed to test the efficacy of a yoga-based intervention (YBI) to promote well-being and the mediating effects of self-connection (SC) and sense of agency (SOA). Method A sample of management students (n = 152) answered questionnaires assessing well-being, SC, and SOA. The design was a randomized wait-list controlled experimental study involving a yoga group (YBI; n = 78) and a wait-list control group (WLC; n = 74), with data collected before (T1) and after the intervention (T2). The 10-day holistic YBI consisted of daily sessions of 75 minutes covering philosophy of yoga and combining breathwork, body stretching, meditation, and reflection. Results Compared to those in the WLC group, mixed-design analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated a significant positive change in SC (partial η² = 0.025) and well-being (partial η² = 0.028) for participants in the YBI group. Further, results from the mediation analysis indicated that YBI improved the levels of well-being among management students by enhancing their SC and SOA. Conclusions The study supports the effectiveness of the intervention and provides insights into how yoga improves well-being. Further, the study provides experimental evidence on the efficacy of YBI in enhancing the well-being of management students and suggests that YBI can be appropriately incorporated in higher-education institutions to support student well-being. Preregistration This study is not preregistered.

Despite extensive research on the Attention-Based View (ABV), the field remains fragmented due to its multidisciplinary nature, with varying constructs for measuring managerial attention and diverse theoretical perspectives that have not been cohesively integrated. This study conducts a systematic review of 26 years of ABV research to offer a consolidated understanding of how attention shapes organizational outcomes. Utilizing the Scopus database, we meticulously examined relevant literature, ultimately selecting and analyzing 233 peer-reviewed articles within the business domain. Our review uncovers specific emergent themes and research gaps, consolidates the linkage of ABV with multiple theories, and provides a deeper understanding of various types of attention along with a detailed understanding of the antecedents and consequences of attention. A comprehensive model for understanding ABV is proposed. Through this process, we contribute to the extant literature by providing state-of-the-art insights that serve as a springboard for future research directions.

This study investigates the creation of portfolios that effectively hedge against inflation in the context of the stock markets of Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS). Utilizing Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), Ridge, MM, and Quantile regressions, we construct portfolios that closely track the unexpected changes in Consumer Price Index (CPI) inflation. Our empirical analysis, based on data from spanning 2005 to 2023, demonstrates that statistical tracking portfolios outperform benchmark portfolios in tracking inflation, particularly during periods of low inflation uncertainty. Among all the methods, Quantile regression generally shows good tracking performance, though not universally. The findings suggest that these tracking portfolios can assist investors who are seeking to mitigate inflationary risks in volatile emerging markets. This research contributes to the literature by demonstrating out-of-sample performance of tracking portfolios and their application in less stable economic environments.

The Weibull distribution is very effective in modelling many different failure mechanisms given its intrinsic flexibility to represent different hazard functions via suitable selections of the shape and scale parameters. Given that the shape parameter of the distribution directly controls the hazard rate, we discuss a Shiryaev–Roberts (SR)–type scheme for monitoring the shape parameter with a fixed scale parameter when using Type II right‐censored Weibull lifetime data. A comparative analysis with existing schemes from the literature is provided by the average run length (ARL), along with the standard deviation of run length (SDRL) and some run‐length percentiles. The average extra quadratic loss (AEQL), the relative mean index (RMI) and the performance comparison index (PCI) are also considered to assess the overall performance. Our simulation results display certain advantages of the SR‐type scheme compared to those of traditional charts in detecting changes in censored lifetime data. An example based on the breaking strengths of the carbon fibre is also presented to demonstrate the proposed method's effectiveness in real situations.

Green attribute trade‐offs have been identified as one of the significant antecedents of the green gap phenomenon (i.e., the discrepancy between pro‐green attitudes and purchase behavior of green products) in literature. This paper focuses on the strategic role of trade‐off‐related context effects (i.e., compromise effect and asymmetric dominance effect) as behavioral nudges in green marketing. We suggest that the benefit association of green attributes can influence the scope of these two context effects. We use three studies with experimental design to illustrate the said effect across three trade‐off scenarios, a range of product categories, and a diverse set of samples. Study 1 (307 participants), Study 2 (312 participants), and Study 3 (259 participants) investigated the hypotheses for trade‐offs between green attributes and other conventional product attributes, particularly price, functional performance, and usage/procurement convenience, respectively. The results reveal that when green attributes are associated with user‐benefit, the target green option performs better as a compromise option than as an asymmetrically dominant option, whereas when the green attributes are associated with environmental‐benefit, the target green option performs better as an asymmetrically dominant option than as a compromise option. Further, this difference in efficacy under environmental‐benefit association is less pronounced for individuals high on interdependent self‐construal. Additionally, we find that under the environmental‐benefit association, an independent self‐construal attenuates the efficacy of the compromise effect.

This paper examines the landscape of contactless transport payment systems in developing countries, focusing on data ownership, regulatory challenges, advantages, disadvantages, and implications. It explores the roles of city authorities, contractors, and consumers in managing and utilising data generated through these systems, emphasising the need for robust cybersecurity measures and comprehensive regulatory frameworks. Despite offering enhanced convenience and operational efficiencies, these systems present challenges such as cybersecurity risks, adoption barriers, and ethical concerns over data commercialisation. Plans include integrating these systems with international travel apps, developing user-friendly applications, and enhancing security protocols. The paper highlights the theoretical contributions and opportunities for future research, urging further exploration into regulatory effectiveness, consumer behaviour, technological advancements, ethical dilemmas, regional comparisons, and long-term impacts on urban mobility.

This study provides valuable insights into the theoretical aspects of AI adoption risks and offers practical implications for real-world scenarios. We examined the impact of AI adoption risks, including job displacement and regulatory constraints, on capital investment in high-technology production to provide actionable recommendations for businesses. We investigated the effects of random fluctuations in a firm’s Total Factor Productivity (TFP) due to challenges in AI integration or skilled labour acquisition. We also studied the impact of background risks, such as regulatory policies, on optimal investment decisions. Our research assessed how changes in expected value and volatility in a firm’s TFP and policy-related background risk affect optimal investment. Additionally, we examined the impact of covariance changes between these risks on optimal investment. Using a mean-variance utility model, our study found that AI integration and improved skilled labour acquisition lead to significant productivity gains and increased capital investment, while increased TFP volatility reduces optimal investment. Risk-averse entrepreneurs may not definitively forgo profitable opportunities to avoid increased background risk. Improved alignment between these risks may prompt firms to invest more to mitigate their combined impact.

This essay critiques the trend in consumer research that deliberately excludes subjects considered exceptional. Drawing from multiple traditions in sociological literature, we analyse the interaction of factors that create persistent paradoxes in social imaginaries - paradoxes that have also impacted the academic community. While the majority of scholarly publications tend to take a reductionist view of consumer concerns, the vulnerabilities faced by queer groups and sex workers are largely ignored, with sex workers being pushed to the absolute margins. The relentless pursuit of tokenism, quantified by novel contributions or citations, has further marginalized invisible narratives of hope and resilience. The article advocates for a more inclusive approach in the development of new areas of consumer research, particularly in the domains of macro marketing, public policy, and transformational consumer research.