Recent publications
Bacterial infections are one of the greatest threats to wound healing, and microbial resistance has increased the demand for new antimicrobial dressings. Artificial nanozymes possess myriad considerable advantages, including low cost and high activity, for targeted biological treatments. Despite significant efforts made in nanozyme engineering, significant challenge remains that their catalytic performance is far from satisfactory in wound treatment. Herein, based on biowaste valorisation, we propose a sustainable and efficient strategy to synthesize an ultrafine‐Mn‐loaded (3.0 ± 1 nm) N,O‐doped porous nanocarbons (Mn‐PNCs) nanozyme via the Mott−Schottky effect. The nanozyme achieves mid‐temperature (45.8°C) and superior photothermal conversion efficiency (77.62%), photothermally enhanced peroxidase‐like activity that contributes to the effective treatment of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus‐infected wounds. The photo‐enzyme platform further reduced the inflammatory response, normalized epidermal tissue regeneration, and accelerated wound healing. Notably, the mechanism demonstrated that this Mott−Schottky catalyst can trigger the rapid transfer of electrons to release reactive oxygen species (ROS) species, as a heterojunction system is strongly capable of changing the electron density within the metal. Under photothermal induction, the Mott–Schottky contact can be used to fabricate other polysaccharide‐derived nanozymes in tissue engineering, or on the high‐value application of biomass resources.
Despite the conspicuous merits of Zn metal anodes, the commercialization of Zn anode‐based electrochemical energy storage devices is still constrained by uncontrollable dendrite growth and serious parasitic reactions. Herein, an innovative strategy of employing kosmotropic anions‐intensified proline additive to regulate the Zn²⁺ solvation structure and manipulate the Zn deposition interface, thus achieving highly stable Zn anodes, is proposed. The key to this strategy lies in ingeniously utilizing kosmotropic SO4²⁻ anions to enhance the affinity of proline adsorption layer on the Zn anodes and weaken the solvation of Zn²⁺. Consequently, Zn anodes in the proline‐containing ZnSO4 (ZnSO4‐proline) electrolyte deliver a remarkable lifespan over 2600 h at 1.0 mA cm⁻² and 1.0 mAh cm⁻². Even under a harsh plating/stripping condition (10 mA cm⁻² and 10 mAh cm⁻²), Zn anodes in the ZnSO4‐proline electrolyte stably operate for 650 h. Meanwhile, the Coulombic efficiency of Zn plating/stripping in the designed electrolyte is as high as 99.9% over 1100 cycles. The ZnSO4‐proline electrolyte endows Zn‐ion batteries and Zn‐ion hybrid capacitors with notably optimized long‐term cycling stability. This work is expected to be of immediate benefit to design low‐cost Zn‐based energy storage systems with ultra‐long lifespan.
Light‐responsive porous liquids (LPLs) attracts significant attention for their controllable gas uptake under light irradiation, while their preparation has remained a great challenge. Here we report the fabrication of type II LPLs with enhanced light‐responsive efficiency by tailoring the host’s functionality for the first time. The functionality of light‐responsive metal‐organic cage (MOC‐RL, constructed from dicopper and responsive ligand) is modified by introducing the second long‐chain alkyl ligand, producing MOC‐RL‐AL as a new host. A spatially hindered solvent based on polyethylene glycol, IL‐NTf2, is designed and can dissolve MOC‐RL‐AL due to the suitable interaction, creating a type II LPL (PL‐RL‐AL). Under light irradiation, the variation in propylene adsorption for PL‐RL‐AL increases by 58% compared to PL‐RL. The enhanced light‐responsive efficiency is caused by easier control in accessibility of internal cavities within MOCs and increased number of external cavities between MOCs and IL‐NTf2. This makes PL‐RL‐AL the first LPL with the probability for propylene/propane separation.
Light‐responsive porous liquids (LPLs) attracts significant attention for their controllable gas uptake under light irradiation, while their preparation has remained a great challenge. Here we report the fabrication of type II LPLs with enhanced light‐responsive efficiency by tailoring the host’s functionality for the first time. The functionality of light‐responsive metal‐organic cage (MOC‐RL, constructed from dicopper and responsive ligand) is modified by introducing the second long‐chain alkyl ligand, producing MOC‐RL‐AL as a new host. A spatially hindered solvent based on polyethylene glycol, IL‐NTf2, is designed and can dissolve MOC‐RL‐AL due to the suitable interaction, creating a type II LPL (PL‐RL‐AL). Under light irradiation, the variation in propylene adsorption for PL‐RL‐AL increases by 58% compared to PL‐RL. The enhanced light‐responsive efficiency is caused by easier control in accessibility of internal cavities within MOCs and increased number of external cavities between MOCs and IL‐NTf2. This makes PL‐RL‐AL the first LPL with the probability for propylene/propane separation.
Aluminum alloy forged wheel hubs are lightweight materials for electric vehicles. However, forming high-ribbed spokes is challenging due to potential shrinkage during high rib extrusion with plane strain characteristics. This study utilizes the finite element method to analyze the high-rib extrusion process with plane-strain characteristics. It is found that a region of tensile stress exists near the bottom fillet of the rib persisting until the high rib contour is fully filled. The position and size of this region remain largely unchanged during extrusion. Defining the occurrence of shrinkage defects as a critical state, the thickness is defined as the critical residual thickness. By constructing a stress state slip line field for plane-strain extrusion, a prediction formula for the critical residual thickness of high-rib extrusion is proposed. The proposed critical residual thickness is evaluated through finite element calculations and high-rib extrusion experiments. The results show that the critical residual thickness is linearly positively correlated with the half-width of the rib root and negatively correlated with the fillet radius of the rib root, taper angle, and shear friction coefficient. The initial blank thickness does not affect the critical residual thickness. The depth of the shrinkage increases linearly with the decrease in residual thickness. The experimental critical residual thickness can be determined by combining finite element calculations and extrusion experiments. The proposed theoretical formula for the critical residual thickness has an error of + 8.14% compared to the experimental critical residual thickness. This theoretical prediction is relatively conservative and can guide the design of high-rib extrusion forming billets to ensure defect-free high-rib forming.
With the surge of academic papers, it has become a common practice to recommend papers based on authors’ research interests. Existing methods focus on leveraging author-paper research interactions to mine authors’ research interests with coauthorship networks. However, sparse research interactions would pose a huge challenge to distinguish research interests of authors. Fortunately, inter-dependent knowledge across papers provides rich potential heterogeneous connections for author-paper interactions, offering much insights for learning authors’ research interests. Therefore, we propose a meta-relation guided knowledge coupling approach for paper recommendation. Specifically, we construct a meta-relation-guided heterogeneous graph architecture to depict the numerous inter-dependencies among authors and papers, thereby exploring complex author-paper interactions. First, a meta-relation-aware heterogeneous graph encoder is developed to extract relational structure which maintains the relation-specific representation of authors’ research interest and papers’ research relatedness. Then, a cross-meta-path attention network is designed to aggregate the characteristics of different meta-relations and obtain research features of authors and papers. Finally, a self-supervised data augmentation architecture is constructed to mine and preserve local and global graph structure information, acquiring papers with high relevance to author’s research interests through training loss. Numerous experiments are conducted on two real academic datasets, effectively demonstrating the superiority of our proposed model and validating its effectiveness in paper recommendation.
Researching the agricultural carbon emission efficiency (ACEE) of the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YEB) has significant theoretical and policy implications for promoting high− quality agricultural development and achieving China’s “dual carbon” goals. Based on the agricultural generation panel data from the YEB spanning 2001 to 2021, the Super-SBM model for undesirable outputs is employed to calculate the ACEE for 11 provinces and cities. Additionally, kernel density estimation and Moran’s I index are utilized to analyze the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of ACEE. Furthermore, a spatial Durbin model is applied to investigate the key factors influencing ACEE in the YEB and their spatial spillover effects. Empirical results indicate that from 2001 to 2021, the ACEE within the YEB has demonstrated a fluctuating upward trend, with significant geographical disparities among the provinces and cities along the route. In terms of spatial distribution, ACEE is characterized by a pattern of downstream > midstream > upstream, reflecting an overall trend of “higher in the east and lower in the west, and the ACEE in the YEB exhibits characteristics of spatial aggregation. ACEE exhibits a significant positive spatial spillover effect in theYEB. Key factors influencing the enhancement of ACEE include the level of mechanization and the agricultural industrial structure. Conversely, the use of pesticides serves as the primary constraint hindering the improvement of ACEE. Based on the research findings, policy recommendations have been proposed to promote green, low-carbon agriculture and enhance high-quality agricultural development in the YEB.
Sebum composition may be more important than amount for acne lesions, and current research on skin surface lipids (SSLs) focuses on determining their relative content. The objective of this study was to analyze the changes in the absolute content of SSLs in acne patients and their relationship with skin barrier function. To evaluate skin barrier function, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin moisture, sebum content, skin elasticity, and whiteness were measured, while SSL changes were investigated using LC-MS/MS. The results indicated that adult acne patients have reduced skin barrier function, as demonstrated by changes in skin moisture, sebum content, skin flexibility, and whitening. Notably, AGlcSiE, Cer, CL, Co, LPC, PA, PC, PE, PI, SM, So, SQDG, and TG were considerably enhanced in acne patients’ SSLs, whereas CerG1, DG, DGDG, MGDG, PG, and phSM were decreased. Furthermore, side chain analysis showed that the ratio of linoleic acid to linolenic acid in acne patients’ skin surface lipids was higher than in healthy controls, and the caprylic acid/capric acid ratio was likewise greater. The correlation study of SSLs and skin barrier function demonstrated that increasing LPC and decreasing PG are associated with skin barrier function deterioration. In conclusion, acne patients have compromised skin barrier function and altered SSL absolute content, and certain SSL species identified in this study could serve as potential targets for research into acne pathogenesis.
This study proposed a novel detection method for crayfish weight classification based on an improved Swin‐Transformer model. The model demonstrated a Mean Intersection over Union (MIOU) of 90.36% on the crayfish dataset, outperforming the IC‐Net, DeepLabV3, and U‐Net models by 17.44%, 5.55%, and 1.01%, respectively. Furthermore, the segmentation accuracy of the Swin‐Transformer model reached 99.0%, surpassing the aforementioned models by 1.25%, 1.73%, and 0.46%, respectively. To facilitate weight prediction of crayfish from segmented images, this study also investigated the correlation between the projected area and the weight of each crayfish part, and developed a multiple regression model with a correlation coefficient of 0.983 by comparing the total projected area and the relationship between the projected area and the actual weight of each crayfish part. To validate this model, a test set of 40 samples was employed, with the average prediction accuracy reaching 98.34% based on 10 representative data points. Finally, grading experiments were carried out on the crayfish weight grading system, and the experimental results showed that the grading accuracy could reach more than 86.5%, confirming the system's feasibility. The detection method not only predicts the weight based on the area but also incorporates the proportional relationship of the area of each part to improve the accuracy of the prediction further. This innovation makes up for the limitations of traditional inspection methods and shows higher potential for application. This study has important applications in industrial automation, especially for real‐time high‐precision weight grading in the aquatic processing industry, which can improve production efficiency and optimize quality control.
A dual-responsive probe 8-N, N-diethylamino-3-(1H-benzoimidazol-2-yl)-2H-pyrano[2,3-b]quinoline-2-imino (PQI), pyrano[2,3-b]quinoline as fluorophore, two nitrogen atoms as receptor sites, was developed for the colorimetric and fluorescence detection of Hg²⁺ and COCl2 in different solvents. PQI showed good recognition ability for Hg²⁺ via the absorbance decrease, fluorescence quenching by the formation of PQI-Hg²⁺ complex in MeOH/H2O (4/1, V/V). In addition, PQI could specifically react with COCl2 via intramolecular cyclization to form a cyclic urea product, which exhibited absorption and fluorescence emission changes, and then realized the detection of COCl2. Moreover, the optical responses of PQI to Hg²⁺ and COCl2 featured high selectivity, fast response (within 30 s), and low detection limit (73 nM for Hg²⁺ and 25 nM for COCl2, respectively). Furthermore, PQI could detect Hg²⁺ in real water samples with good recoveries and small relative standard deviations, and could be prepared as a PQI-loaded test strip to monitor gaseous COCl2 in an in-site, real-time, highly sensitive manner, demonstrating the practicability of PQI in Hg²⁺ and gaseous COCl2 detection.
Lignin is the only natural polymer compound containing a benzene ring on earth, and its conversion to monophenolic compounds is attracting more attention. Cu‐dopped CuCo2O4 is synthesized and further used to catalyze the oxidative conversion of lignin to monophenolic compounds. It is found that the conversion of lignin is affected by the molar ratio of Cu to Co, the amounts of catalyst and H2O2, reaction temperature and time, and CuCo2O4 exhibits excellent catalytic performance. Under the optimized reaction conditions, the total yield of monophenolic compounds reaches 21.7%. CuCo2O4 also possesses good recyclable performance, and the total yield of monophenolic compounds slightly drops to 17.6% after four cycles. A plausible mechanism for the conversion of lignin to monophenolic compounds is proposed. During the depolymerization of lignin, CO and CC bonds are broken to form monophenols. This work provides an effective catalyst for the conversion of lignin to monophenol and expands the way of high‐value utilization of biomass.
Ginsenosides R2 and F2 are key active components of Panax japonicus var. major which exhibit a wide range of pharmacological effects. However, few UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) involved in Rh2 and F2 biosynthesis have been identified. In this study, 12 UGTs from Panax japonicus var. major were predicted and characterized. Among them, one UGT (PjvmUGT45) exhibited superior catalytic activities by catalyzing the C3 hydroxyl glycosylation of protopanaxadiol (PPD) and compound K to form Rh2 and F2, respectively. Especially, PjvmUGT45 showed certain substrate specificity and regional specificity at the C-3 sites of PPD-type ginsenosides. Site-directed mutagenesis showed that Gln334, His349, Ser354, and Asp373 were key residues for PjvmUGT45, and the K280A mutant highly improved its activity. Our results revealed the biosynthetic mechanism of ginsenosides in Panax japonicus var. major, providing a novel alternative UGT for ginsenoside Rh2 production by synthetic biological methods.
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