University of Pécs

In this article, we theoretically and empirically examine why and how social identity and overwork/workaholism represent pathways to convey the effect of dark triad traits – Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy – on venture performance. By analyzing the data of 569 university students with their own businesses in the Global University Entrepreneurial Spirit Students’ Survey, we show that compulsive overwork and Darwinian social identity partially mediate the positive effect of narcissism on venture performance. Thus, our study extends the narcissism literature by exploring the mechanism of the positive impact of narcissism on venture performance and implies that narcissism is not necessarily an adverse personality characteristic in an entrepreneurial context.

Deeper understanding on natural forest dynamics requires long-term data series from forests that have not been affected by human interventions, which are often scarce especially in the Pannonian Bioregion. Unmanaged, but regularly inventoried forest reserves provide an opportunity to fill this gap. The dataset provides repeated inventory data for 233 permanent plots situated in the core areas of six forest reserves selected from primary forests (Kékes), long abandoned forests (Kecskés-galya, Szalafő, Várhegy) and abandoned ones (Hidegvíz-völgy, Nagy Istrázsa-hegy). The sampled old stands represent the four most widespread hilly forest types in Hungary: Carpathian submountainous beech forest; sessile oak-hornbeam forest; Turkey oak and sessile oak forest; downy oak forest. In each plot, stand level attributes included main mensuration variables (canopy closure, stand height, tree density, basal area, living and dead volume, lying deadwood and admixture of the main tree species). Tree level attributes (diameter at breast height, height measured and estimated, crown position in the canopy, health status, tree history of all trees or shrubs having diameter larger or equal to 5 cm) were also measured in two inventories (after 6-16 years) for a total of 6,986 individual trees sampled in all plots. Fagus sylvatica L., Quercus petraea agg., Q. cerris L., Q. pubescens Willd., Carpinus betulus L., Acer campestre L. and Cornus mas L. were the most abundant. The individual tree history classification refers to regeneration ingrowth, growing phase, mortality, decaying phase and disappearance events, that can be used for calculation of various stand dynamics attributes. The dataset offers valuable opportunities for quantifying changes in stand structures and tree population dynamic attributes after the abandonment of management. Inventory data can be integrated with environmental and climatic information to understand the drivers of forest stand dynamics under a changing climate.

Purpose: The many obstacles and difficulties to carry out research in the field of physical education are the gaps and urgency in this research. This study aims to investigate perceptions from lecturers regarding the conveniences and difficulties when carrying out research in physical education during COVID-19. Material and Methods: This study uses a qualitative approach with phenomenological methods through online-based in-depth interviews. Five lecturers from two universities in Indonesia and one lecturers from universities in Hungary were willing to participate in this research. The way to select them was by sending an email to their respective universities and only 10 people participated in this study. However, 4 people did not qualify because they did not have 10 years of research experience. All participants signed a consent letter to participate in this study. The interview started with explanation from participants regarding their research experiences, the conveniences and the difficulties faced when carrying out research during pandemic. After the activity was completed, the results of the interviews were collected and then a qualitative statistical analysis was carried out In this study, statistical analysis used thematic method in the form of interviews transcribed word for word.The transcripts were read repeatedly by researchers and three experts, coding and a collection of phrases were arranged into themes. Results: The findings of this study indicate that there were several conveniences in carrying out research physical education during the COVID-19 period, including the implementation can be done anywhere and anytime, cost-effective and saving time, data collection is easier and faster. Meanwhile, the difficulties were in obtaining research subjects, subjects who have inadequate technological literacy, poor internet network and inaccurate data. Conclusions: Thus, the conveniences and difficulties of carrying out research were important and must be continuously evaluated, in order to ensure the study able to conduct optimally even during the COVID-19 pandemic crisis.

ALG13-CDG is a rare X-linked disorder of N-linked glycosylation. Given the lack of long-term outcome data in ALG13-CDG, we collected natural history data and reviewed individuals surviving to young adulthood with confirmed pathogenic variants in ALG13 in our own cohort and in the literature. From the 14 ALG13-CDG patients enrolled into our Frontiers of Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation Consortium natural history study only two patients were older than 16 years; one of these two females is so far unreported. From the 52 patients described in the medical literature with confirmed pathogenic variants in ALG13 only five patients were older than 16 years (all females), in addition to the new, unreported patient from our natural history study. Two male patients have died due to ALG13-CDG, and there were no surviving males older than 16 years with a confirmed ALG13-CDG diagnosis. Our adolescent and young adult cohort of six patients presented with epilepsy, muscular hypotonia, speech, and developmental delay. Intellectual disability was present in all female patients with ALG13-CDG. Unreported features included ataxia, neuropathy, and severe gastrointestinal symptoms requiring G/J tube placement. In addition, two patients from our natural history study developed unilateral hearing loss. Skeletal abnormalities were found in four patients, including osteopenia and scoliosis. Major health problems included persistent seizures in three patients. Ketogenic diet was efficient for seizures in three out of four patients. Although all patients were mobile, they all had severe communication problems with mostly absent speech and were unable to function without parental support. In summary, long-term outcome in ALG13-CDG includes gastrointestinal and skeletal involvement in addition to a chronic, mostly non-progressive neurologic phenotype.

The design of the envelope in high-rise office buildings is a task of great importance as it can impact the entire building's energy performance. The study presented in this paper is an extension of a previous work reporting on the optimization of the façade and the shading systems of an east-west facing high-rise office building. This study aims to investigate the façade geometry design factors for other potential orientations, e.g., south, south-east, and south-west directions. The IDA ICE 4.8 complex dynamic building energy simulation program was used to assess thermal and lighting simulations. The optimization results revealed the best-performing façade configurations, appropriate for each orientation examined in terms of thermal comfort, visual comfort, and energy consumption.

The reduction in uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) was investigated for sandstones under various moisture levels. Thirty-four UK Darney sandstone samples were tested under six different moisture conditions. The time-dependent moisture gain and loss were also evaluated. For 77 sandstones identified in the literature, the loss of UCS between oven-dry and saturated conditions was up to 45%, with an average of 20%. For Darney stone, the average loss of UCS was around 20%, with UCS around 72 N/mm² when oven-dry and 58 N/mm² when fully saturated. During saturation, significant loss of UCS occurred soon after exposure to water with 80% of UCS being lost within the first 2.5–6 hours. For Darney stone 50% of UCS was lost at air-dry conditions. Results from the 78 sandstone types were compared with the equivalent compressive strength defined by BS EN 772–1:2011 for oven-dry, air-dry, and saturated conditions. The estimated values by BS EN 772–1:2011 for dry and saturated UCS agreed well with the available test data and indicated a lower-bound solution. For immersed conditions, BS EN 772–1:2011, however, overestimates the reduction in UCS for a large number of samples and provides an average, instead of a lower-bound solution.

People with albinism in sub-Saharan African countries have long struggled for equal rights and the understanding of society at large, fighting stigmatisation and, in numerous cases, for their lives against wrongdoings in the form of killings and other physical atrocities. This article examines the Tanzanian context and adds to the ongoing academic discourse by presenting tangible manifestations of awareness-raising and education in village communities. It summarises the efforts and results of NGOs in Northern Tanzania working with and run by persons with albinism (PWAs) and presents an analysis of both success and failure. It highlights the work of the NGO named Peacemakers for Albinism and Community (originally Albino Peacemakers). The article argues that safeguarding the vulnerable groups of PWAs remains a task at all levels of society, from remote villages via central governments to the international community; therefore, educating people about this condition – even PWAs themselves – carries the highest relevance.

Background and Objectives The efficacy of deep brain stimulation of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus (ANT DBS) in drug resistant epilepsy (DRE) patients was demonstrated in the double-blind Stimulation of the Anterior Nucleus of the Thalamus for Epilepsy (SANTE) randomized controlled trial. The Medtronic Registry for Epilepsy (MORE) aims to understand the safety and longer-term effectiveness of ANT DBS therapy in routine clinical practice. Methods MORE is an observational registry collecting prospective and retrospective clinical data. Participants were at least 18 years old, with focal DRE recruited across 25 centers from 13 countries. They were followed for at least 2 years in terms of seizure frequency (SF), responder rate (RR) , health-related quality of life (Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory 31, QOLIE-31), depression, and safety outcomes. Results Of the 191 patients recruited 170 (mean (SD) age of 35.6 (10.7) years, 43% female) were implanted with DBS Therapy and met all eligibility criteria. At baseline, 38% of patients reported cognitive impairment. The median monthly SF decreased by 33.1% from 15.8 at baseline to 8.8 at 2 years (P<0.0001) with 32.3% RR. In the subgroup of 47 patients that completed 5 years of follow-up, the median monthly SF decreased by 55.1% from 16 at baseline to 7.9 at 5 years (P<0.0001) with 53.2% RR. Factors influencing SF reduction included number of implants per center. In patients with cognitive impairment, the reduction in median monthly seizure frequency was 26.0% by two years compared with 36.1% in patients without cognitive impairment. The most frequently reported adverse events were changes (e.g. increased frequency/severity) in seizure (16%), memory impairment (patient reported complaint, 15%), depressive mood (patient reported complaint, 13%) and epilepsy (12%). One definite Sudden Death in Epilepsy (SUDEP) case was reported. Discussion The MORE registry supports the effectiveness and safety of ANT-DBS therapy in a real-world setting in the 2-years following implantation.

The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to determine if chronic rock climbing and climbing-specific resistance training (RT) would modify the reticulospinal tract (RST) efficacy. Sixteen healthy, elite level climbers (CL; n=16, 5F; 29.8±6.7y) with 12±7 years of climbing and climbing-specific RT experience and 15 healthy recreationally active participants (CON; n=15, 4F; 24.6±5.9y), volunteered for the study. We quantified RST efficacy by comparing the effects of a startle stimulus over reaction time (Rtime) and measured rate of force development (RFD) and surface electromyography (sEMG) in representative muscles during powerful hand grip contractions. Both groups performed two Rtime tasks while performing rapid, powerful gripping with the right hand (Task 1) or during 3-s-long maximal voluntary right hand grip contractions in response to an imperative visual signal alone (V), or combined with a auditory-non startle stimulus (A) or and startling auditory stimulus (S). We also tested the reproducibility of these responses on two separate days in CON. Intersession reliability ranged from 0.34 to 0.96 for all variables. The CL vs. CON was 37% stronger (P=0.003). The S stimulus decreased Rtime and increased RFD and sEMG in both groups during both tasks (all P<0.001). Rtime was similar between groups in all conditions. However, CL had a greater RFD from 50 to 100ms compared with CON only after the S stimulus in both tasks (P<0.05, d=0.85-0.96). The data tentatively suggest that chronic rock climbing and climbing-specific RT might improve RST efficacy, by increasing RST input to the α-motoneurons.

Since the 1980s, almost all of the Hungarian narrow-gauge railway lines underwent a complete change of function. About 120-140 years ago, narrow-gauge railways were created mainly for economic purposes. Nowadays, with a few exceptions, freight operation is completely eliminated and replaced by tourism. In my study, I deal with two questions: on the one hand, I will examine the place of the existing narrow-gauge railways in the tourism system. In this context, I will present the tourism potential of narrow-gauge railways. These include, for example, the availability of narrow-gauge railways, their inclusion in the wider tourism system, the material conditions of the basic infrastructure of narrow-gauge railways, etc. On the other hand, by presenting four railway lines from South Transdanubia, I will examine how well the opportunities offered by tourism have been exploited at the local level, what the impact of narrow-gauge railways is on tourism, and what the tourism-related significance of these lines is at all. Based on my analysis, it can be concluded that the narrow-gauge railway sector is developing within the tourism system, and compared to the period before the COVID-19 pandemic (2020–2021), investments, technical developments, and attendance have also increased. It is also clear from the South Transdanubian cases that the narrow-gauge railway system is becoming more and more important especially where it can be connected to other tourist attractions (natural parks, forest schools, etc. ), which is also evident in the attendance indicators.

Introduction Acute gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) is a life-threatening emergency with a critical economic burden. As a result of bleeding, anaemia often requires intravenous or oral iron supplementation. Elderly patients are even more prone to untoward outcomes after hospital discharge if iron supplementation is inefficient. There is a gap in current guidelines on which supplementation route clinicians should choose. We aim to investigate the effect of one dose of intravenous iron therapy versus 3-month oral iron administration on anaemia in an elderly population. Methods and analysis The FIERCE study is an open-label, randomised controlled, two-armed trial. At least 48 hours after the acute non-variceal GIB treatment, patients will be recruited in participating centres. A random sequence generator will allocate the participants to group A (intravenous ferric carboxymaltose, 1000 mg) or group B (oral ferrous sulfate (FS), ca. 200 mg every day) with an allocation ratio of 1:1 on the day of the planned discharge from the hospital. Randomisation will be stratified for participating centres and the need for transfusion within the same hospitalisation before recruitment to the trial. Quality of life assessment, functional measurement and laboratory tests will be performed at baseline, 1 and 3 months±7 days after enrolment to the trial. The primary endpoint is a composite endpoint, including all-cause mortality, anaemia-associated unplanned emergency visit and anaemia-associated unplanned hospital admission within 3 months of enrolment in the trial. Ethics and dissemination The study has been approved by the relevant organisation, the Scientific and Research Ethics Committee of the Hungarian Medical Research Council (46395-5/2021/EÜIG). We will disseminate our results to the medical community and will publish our results in peer-reviewed journals. Trial registration The trial has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov ( NCT05060731 ).

We consider a graph whose vertices are legally colored using k colors and ask if the graph contains a k -clique. As it turns out this very special type of k -clique problem is in an intimate connection with constructing schedules. The practicality this clique search based construction of schedules is checked by carrying out numerical experiments.

In this study, a novel vesivirus (family Caliciviridae) was detected and characterized in faecal and tissue (blood and spleen) specimens collected from three (23.1%) out of 13 European badgers (Meles meles) in Hungary that were tested using RT-PCR and sequencing methods. The complete genome of the vesivirus strain European badger/B40/2021/HUN (OQ161773) is 8,375 nucleotides in length. The ORF1, ORF2, and ORF3 proteins have 81.1%, 70.5%, and 64.2% amino acid sequence identity, respectively, to the corresponding proteins of Asian badger vesivirus, which was first reported in badgers in China in 2022. These results indicate that more than one lineage/species of vesiviruses circulates in mustelid badgers in geographically different regions.

Zusammenfassung Das Dermatoskop wurde ursprünglich in der Dermatologie eingesetzt, um zwischen pigmentierten und nicht pigmentierten, gut- und bösartigen Tumoren zu unterscheiden. In den letzten 2 Jahrzehnten hat sich der Anwendungsbereich der Technik jedoch erweitert, und diese Untersuchungsmethode hat bei der Diagnose von Nichttumorerkrankungen, insbesondere von entzündlichen Hauterkrankungen, zunehmend an Bedeutung gewonnen. Bei der Beurteilung allgemeiner entzündlicher Hauterkrankungen wird empfohlen, nach der klinischen Untersuchung eine dermatoskopische Untersuchung durchzuführen. In der folgenden Zusammenfassung beschreiben die Autoren die dermatoskopischen Merkmale der einzelnen entzündlichen Hauterkrankungen. Zu den detaillierten Parametern gehören die Gefäßstruktur, die Farbe, die Schuppung, das Follikelmuster und das mit jeder Krankheit verbundene spezifische Muster.

Background Neurofibromatosis type 1 and pseudoachondroplasia are both rare autosomal dominant disorders, caused by pathogenic mutations in NF1 and COMP genes, respectively. Both neurofibromin 1 and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) play a role in the development of the skeleton. Carrying both germline mutations has not been previously reported; however, it can affect the developing phenotype. Case presentation The index patient, an 8-year-old female presented with several skeletal and dermatologic anomalies resembling the coexistence of multiple syndromes. Her mother had dermatologic symptoms characteristic for neurofibromatosis type 1, and her father presented with distinct skeletal anomalies. NGS-based analysis revealed a heterozygous pathogenic mutation in genes NF1 and COMP in the index patient. A previously unreported heterozygous variant was detected for the NF1 gene. The sequencing of the COMP gene revealed a previously reported, pathogenic heterozygous variant that is responsible for the development of the pseudoachondroplasia phenotype. Conclusions Here, we present the case of a young female carrying pathogenic NF1 and COMP mutations, diagnosed with two distinct heritable disorders, neurofibromatosis type 1 and pseudoachondroplasia. The coincidence of two monogenic autosomal dominant disorders is rare and can pose a differential diagnostic challenge. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported co-occurrence of these syndromes.

Background: Statin therapy is commonly used on the long term in hypertensive patients with dyslipidemia and can interfere with vitamin D metabolism. Overweight/obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) are frequently associated with hypertension. The aim of the study was the assessment of vitamin D status in elderly hypertensive patients with metabolic comorbidities with/without statin therapy, in relation to body mass index (BMI) and lipid profile parameters. Material and methods: The study group included 89 hypertensive patients (61 statin-treated) admitted to the Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Clinical Hospital in Târgu Mureș between 2019 and 2021. Vitamin D levels were measured by ELISA method, lipid profile parameters by photometric procedures. Calculated values were LDL-cholesterol and BMI. Results: Obesity and DM were present in association with hypertension in 51% of the subjects. A total of 89% of the enrolled hypertensive patients had hypovitaminosis D. Average serum vitamin D of the studied subjects was 14.27 ± 11.96 ng/mL. No significant difference was obtained in vitamin D levels depending on gender, the presence/absence of statin therapy, and DM as a comorbidity. A negative correlation was seen between serum HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations (r = –0.3988, p = 0.0008) and between HDL levels and BMI (r = –0.3114, p = 0.0475). Conclusions: Suboptimal vitamin D levels were present in the majority of the studied hypertensive patients regardless of the statin therapy, which reveals the importance of concomitant assessment of vitamin D levels, especially in elderly subjects presenting chronic metabolic comorbidities.

Introduction: Healthcare workers (HCWs) are seldom involved in balanced scorecard (BSC) deployments. This study aims to incorporate Palestinian HCWs in the BSC to create health policy recommendations and action plans using BSC-HCW1, a survey designed and validated based on BSC dimensions. Methodology: In this cross-sectional study, the BSC-HCW1 survey was delivered to HCWs in 14 hospitals from January to October 2021 to get them involved in PE. The differences between physicians' and nurses' evaluations were assessed by the Mann–Whitney U-test. The causal relationships between factors were analyzed using multiple linear regression. The multicollinearity of the model was checked. Path analysis was performed to understand the BSC strategic maps based on the Palestinian HCWs' evaluations. Results: Out of 800 surveys, 454 (57%) were retrieved. No evaluation differences between physicians and nurses were found. The BSC-HCW1 model explains 22–35% of HCW loyalty attitudes, managerial trust, and perceived patient trust and respect. HCWs' workload time-life balance, quality and development initiatives, and managerial performance evaluation have a direct effect on improving HCWs' loyalty attitudes (β = 0.272, P < 0.001; β = 0.231, P < 0.001; β = 0.199, P < 0.001, respectively). HCWs' engagement, managerial performance evaluation, and loyalty attitudes have a direct effect on enhancing HCWs' respect toward managers (β = 0.260, P < 0.001; β = 0.191, P = 0.001; β = 0.135, P = 0.010, respectively). Quality and development initiatives, HCWs' loyalty attitudes, and workload time-life balance had a direct effect on improving perceived patient respect toward HCWs (β = 254, P < 0.001; β = 0.137, P = 0.006, β = 0.137, P = 0.006, respectively). Conclusion: This research shows that it is important to improve low-performing indicators, such as the duration of time HCWs spend with patients, their knowledge of medications and diseases, the quality of hospital equipment and maintenance, and the inclusion of strengths and weaknesses in HCWs' evaluations, so that HCWs are more loyal and less likely to want to leave. For Palestinian hospital managers to be respected more, they must include HCWs in their action plans and explain their evaluation criteria. Patients will respect Palestinian HCWs more if they prioritize their education and work quality, spend more time with patients, and reflect more loyalty. The results can be generalized since it encompassed 30% of Palestinian hospitals from all categories.

Ivermectin, an antiparasitic drug, has been repurposed for COVID-19 treatment during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Although its antiviral efficacy was confirmed early in vitro and in preclinical studies, its clinical efficacy remained ambiguous. Our purpose was to assess the efficacy of ivermectin in terms of time to viral clearance based on the meta-analysis of available clinical trials at the closing date of the data search period, one year after the start of the pandemic. This meta-analysis was reported by following the PRISMA guidelines and by using the PICO format for formulating the question. The study protocol was registered on PROSPERO. Embase, MEDLINE (via PubMed), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), bioRvix, and medRvix were searched for human studies of patients receiving ivermectin therapy with control groups. No language or publication status restrictions were applied. The search ended on 1/31/2021 exactly one year after WHO declared the public health emergency on novel coronavirus. The meta-analysis of three trials involving 382 patients revealed that the mean time to viral clearance was 5.74 days shorter in case of ivermectin treatment compared to the control groups [WMD = -5.74, 95% CI (-11.1, -0.39), p = 0.036]. Ivermectin has significantly reduced the time to viral clearance in mild to moderate COVID-19 diseases compared to control groups. However, more eligible studies are needed for analysis to increase the quality of evidence of ivermectin use in COVID-19.

Background/aim: This study aimed to research the effects of Harkány healing water on oxidative stress. The study was performed in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind setup. Patients and methods: Twenty patients with psoriasis who underwent a 3-week-long inward balneotherapy-based rehabilitation were enrolled. Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score and Malondialdehyde (MDA) - a marker of oxidative stress - were determined, on admission and before discharge. Patients were treated with dithranol. Results: The mean PASI score - determined on admission and before discharge - decreased significantly after the 3-week-long rehabilitation 8.17 vs. 3.51 (p<0.001). The baseline MDA value of patients with psoriasis was significantly higher compared to controls (3.0±3.5 vs. 8.4±7.4) (p=0.018). MDA levels of patients receiving placebo water increased significantly compared to MDA levels of patients receiving healing water (p=0.049). Conclusion: The effectiveness of dithranol resides in the formation of reactive oxygen species. No increased oxidative stress was found in the patients treated with healing water, thus healing water seems to be protective against oxidative stress. However, further research is needed to confirm these preliminary results.

Wine exposed to UV-A and violet light (320–440 nm) can develop a light-struck flavour which deteriorates its quality. In a short introduction, we briefly describe the two most important photochemical pathways of this process and discuss conditions that facilitate the formation of undesired compounds. The main thrust of the study is to use a novel method to determine light transmission into real wine bottles, along with optical and photochemical modelling of wine damage. Calculation of light transmission into bottles and resulting photochemical damage is described in detail and compared to in situ measurements of transmitted light inside bottles. The effect of different light sources (sunlight, fluorescent bulbs and LED bulbs) is also discussed. It is found in in situ measurements that clear (flint) bottles transmit up to 35 % and bluish-green bottles up to 8 % of the harmful UV–violet light, while light amber bottles only up to 1.2 % and dark amber ones up to 0.2 %. Results of simple tasting experiments support the validity of shelf life calculations described here. According to these findings, white wine in flint (clear) and bluish-green bottles can survive only for a few days while displayed on shelves; light amber bottles conserve the quality for about a month and dark amber bottles for more than a year. Recommendations concerning the protection of shelf-displayed bottled wine from light exposure are also given.