University of Delhi

In this investigation, to determine their potential as specific antibacterial agents, Schiff’s bases (LT-SB1-23 and SB1-SB12) and novel quinoline-isatin hybrids were subjected to microbiological testing. The in-vitro screening against bacterial strains (Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella typhi) exhibited their antibacterial potential with many of the compounds showing inhibition range of 90–100 % at 200 μg/mL, against most of the tested strains. The MIC values of some of the compounds showed good antibacterial efficacy with values ranging from 32 to 128 μg/mL. Their bacterial growth inhibitory potential was further supported by disk diffusion and growth curve assays. Interestingly, one of the Schiff’s bases (LT-SB7) displayed strong synergistic activity against E. coli and S. typhi with 16–64 folds reduction in MIC values. Additionally, it exhibited up to 85 % suppression of biofilm at ½MIC against AA209 environmental bacterial isolate and reduced the development of multidrug-resistant bacterial isolates. Promising compound LT-SB7 underwent 100 ns molecular dynamics simulations with biofilm-causing protein (PDB ID: 7C7U) to assess conformational changes and complex stability. Overall, this study identified compounds as effective antibacterial alternatives for the future.

Bioluminescence inhibition (BLI) measurements in bioluminescent bacteria (BB) is perceived as a potential qualitative and quantitative indicator of hazardous materials. Acute but minor fluctuations in osmolarity and pH do not affect the living systems significantly. However, significant BLI is observed from marine BB due to acute osmolarity or pH changes that may affect the bioassay sensitivity. Often, real samples have low pH and osmolarity, interfering with the hazard assessment based on the principles of BLI. This anomaly in BLI measurements may lead to false positives. Therefore, modifications in existing analytical methods to overcome such practical constraints are envisaged. In the present research, a marine BB was utilized to study the luminescence reversal effect when exposed to stressful environments such as hypotonic (deionized water), acidic (50 μM to 50 mM HCl), and 0.1–100 ppm of Hg(II) for 0–30 min. Postincubation, the calcium alginate immobilized bioluminescent bacteria (biophotonic beads) were transferred to Boss media to observe any luminescence enhancement. The results showed that osmotic shock and low-strength acidic environments (50 μM to 0.5 mM HCl) at specified incubation times were not detrimental to the biophonic beads regarding luminescence response.

We give simple procedures to obtain the left and right keys of a semi-standard Young tableau. Keys derive their interest from the fact that they encode the characters of Demazure and opposite Demazure modules for the general and special linear groups. Given the importance of keys, there are indeed several procedures available in the literature to determine them. In comparison, our procedures are new (to the best of our knowledge) and especially simple. Having said that, we hasten to add that there is nothing new in any individual ingredient that goes into our procedures. These ingredients are all routine, straight forward, and (in any case) occur in the literature. But they never quite seem to have been put together as done here. Our procedures end up repeatedly performing the “Deodhar lifts”, maximal lifts for the left key and minimal lifts for right key. Together with the well known fact that keys can be obtained by such repeated lifts, this justifies the procedures. The relevance of Deodhar lifts to combinatorial models for Demazure characters is well known in Standard Monomial Theory. Right and left keys appear respectively as initial and final directions of Lakshmibai-Seshadri paths in Littelmann’s Path Model Theory.

Human resource managers are taught the value of acting in a socially responsible manner by COVID-19 and giving employees social assistance and psychological recovery, which can foster a feeling of gratitude for the employers. The body of knowledge on HR roles and employee gratitude is fragmented and a gap still exists in understanding HR roles and employee gratitude in times of crisis. This scientific investigation attempts to trace the relationship between HR roles and employee gratitude during India's peak of the COVID-19 crisis. The sample consists of n=331 employees operating in the NCR of Delhi, India. A causal survey design was adopted to measure employee gratitude through analysis of quantitative data and was subjected to SPSS and AMOS. The results indicate a causal relationship between employee gratitude and four HR roles – HR communication, HR leader-member exchange, HR adaptive capacity & HR networking. This study has industrial implications.

In (Finite Fields Their Appl. 46, 38–56 2017), Wu et al. defined the notion of quasi-multiplicative (QM) equivalence among permutation polynomials. Other than showing thoroughly, there is no efficient approach to determine whether two given permutation polynomials are QM equivalent or not. This paper provides new results to determine QM equivalence among permutation polynomials. Based on these, we explicitly provide a list of known permutation polynomials which are equivalent. It is worth noting that a lot of well-known permutation polynomials are QM equivalent, and thus we have only a handful of permutation polynomials which are novel.

This work presents the synthesis and characterization of three isomorphous lanthanide‐based metal‐organic frameworks (Ln‐MOFs) (Ln³⁺=Eu (1), Tb (2), and Sm (3)) supported by a pyridine‐2,6‐dicarboxamide‐based linker offering appended arylcarboxylate groups. Single crystal X‐ray diffraction studies highlight that these Ln‐MOFs present three‐dimensional porous architectures offering large cavities decorated with hydrogen bonding (H‐bonding) groups. These Ln‐MOFs display noteworthy luminescent characteristics. The mixed‐metal strategy affords a series of Ln‐MOFs exhibiting color‐tunable emissions. The Eu‐MOF was utilized for the nanomolar sensing of both nitrobenzene and 4‐nitrophenol. The critical role of H‐bonding in detecting these analytes is validated through multiple spectroscopic, ξ potential, and molecular docking studies. The Eu‐MOF illustrated notable anticounterfeiting as well as practical sensing applications.

This review explores the current understanding and recent advancements in neuroblastoma, one of the most common extracranial solid pediatric cancers, accounting for ~ 15% of childhood cancer-related mortality. The hallmarks of NBL, including angiogenesis, metastasis, apoptosis resistance, cell cycle dysregulation, drug resistance, and responses to hypoxia and ROS, underscore its complex biology. The tumor microenvironment’s significance in disease progression is acknowledged in this study, along with the pivotal role of cancer stem cells in sustaining tumor growth and heterogeneity. A number of molecular signatures are being studied in order to better understand the disease, with many of them serving as targets for the development of new therapeutics. This includes inhibitor therapies for NBL patients, which notably concentrate on ALK signaling, MDM2, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, Wnt, and RAS-MAPK pathways, along with regulators of epigenetic mechanisms. Additionally, this study offers an extensive understanding of the molecular therapies used, such as monoclonal antibodies and CAR-T therapy, focused on both preclinical and clinical studies. Radiation therapy’s evolving role and the promise of stem cell transplantation-mediated interventions underscore the dynamic landscape of NBL treatment. This study has also emphasized the recent progress in the field of diagnosis, encompassing the adoption of artificial intelligence and liquid biopsy as a non-intrusive approach for early detection and ongoing monitoring of NBL. Furthermore, the integration of innovative treatment approaches such as CRISPR-Cas9, and cancer stem cell therapy has also been emphasized in this review. Graphical Abstract

Purpose:Heavy metals pose a significant environmental threat due to their widespread occurrence and harmful effects on ecosystems and human health. This study aims to explore the extent of heavy metal contamination and to evaluate the potential of phytoremediation as a sustainable solution for mitigating heavy metal pollution. Methods: The study reviews the release of heavy metals into the environment through industrial activities and natural processes, leading to their accumulation in environmental entities. The mechanisms of heavy metal uptake, translocation, and tolerance in plants are analyzed to understand how certain plant species act as hyperaccumulators.Results: The hazard index for heavy metals such as Cr and Pb was found to be significantly higher in children, being 7 and 7.5 times greater, respectively, than in adults. The lifetime cancer risk for chromium exposure in children, through various soil contact scenarios, was calculated at 5.361 × 10−4 mg Kg−1, placing it at the lower edge of the acceptable range for potential cancer risk. Phytoremediation emerges as a promising, eco-friendly technology for addressing heavy metal contamination, with specific plant species demonstrating effective hyperaccumulation capabilities.Conclusion: Phytoremediation presents a sustainable and promising approach for the remediation of environments contaminated with heavy metals. While challenges such as plant species selection, soil chemistry influence, and the time required for remediation exist, this review provides valuable insights into the current state of phytoremediation technology and suggests directions for future research to effectively tackle heavy metal pollution.

Zirconia-based materials find widespread use in a range of technological applications, including oxygen sensors, solid-oxide fuel cell (SOFC) electrolytes, resistive heating elements, balls/jars, dental applications, turbine engine, thermal barrier coatings, and refractory linings for high-temperature furnaces. There are three distinct allotropic phases of zirconia—monoclinic, tetragonal, and cubic—which are stable below approximately 1170°C, 2370°C, and the melting point (2715°C), respectively. The cubic form can also stabilize at room temperature via a suitable dopant. Yttria-stabilized zirconia, a ZrO2-Y2O3 solid solution that contains a large numbers of oxygen vacancies at higher temperature, is extensively used in energy and industrial applications. The fast diffusion of oxygen ions is widely recognized in yttria-stabilized zirconia (cubic fluorite structure), which makes it material of interest for use in electrochemical applications. The structure–property relationship and electronic structure calculation of cubic yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) solid electrolyte are crucial for understanding its performance in various applications, particularly in SOFCs and other electrochemical devices. Therefore, in this paper, we investigate the crystal structure using X-ray diffraction (XRD), the microstructure using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the electronic structure via computational analysis of cubic zirconia (YSZ), in order to establish a correlation with the dielectric and electrical properties at elevated temperatures, along with ion-conducting channel study via electron density maps using GFourier analysis.

The purpose of this article is to explore the health emergency related challenges (HECs) faced by healthcare workers (HCWs) during COVID-19. Additionally, the study also examines the various practices and support strategies that have helped HCWs deal with HECs. In this qualitative thematic study, the participants were selected using snowball and purposive sampling techniques. Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted to understand the subjective evaluations of health emergency (HE) events. Themes covering different areas of challenge and coping mechanisms were identified. Inductive thematic analysis yielded six themes. This study presents possible HECs that can affect HCWs, and there is convincing evidence that support from different agencies can effectively help HCWs in dealing with HECs. These findings are important and can contribute to policymakers in drawing guidelines for managing and supporting HCWs in future HEs.

When individuals experience a conflict in the workplace, it is common for them to initially react with negative emotions. These negative feelings can result in behaviours that initiate a harmful cycle of revenge or retaliation between the parties involved, which hurts the overall interests of the organization, unless one person chooses to forgive. This research examines the role of organizational compassion in fostering a climate of forgiveness in higher education institutes. Based on a sample of 124 teachers employed in various colleges of University of Delhi, the study utilized descriptive, correlation and regression analyses to study the impact of organizational compassion in fostering a forgiveness climate. The results demonstrate a positive and statistically significant correlation between organizational compassion and forgiveness climate in the workplace. The regression analysis results further demonstrate that organizational compassion plays a positive and significant role in fostering a climate of forgiveness at the workplace. This study, therefore, suggests that promoting a culture of compassion within higher education institutions is crucial for cultivating forgiveness climate among teachers. Organizational compassion not only enhances interpersonal relationships, but it also promotes a supportive work environment where forgiveness climate can flourish and teachers can feel and perform better.

In this study, EuCrO3 (ECO) and Eu0.9Dy0.10CrO3 (EDCO) rare-earth orthochromite compositions were synthesized through the traditional solid-state reaction technique. A comprehensive investigation was conducted to analyse the effect of the substitution of 10 wt% Dy3+ ions on the structural, optical and magnetic properties of EuCrO3. The X-ray diffraction results along with Rietveld refinement confirm the monophasic nature with an orthorhombic distorted perovskite structure for both compositions. Field emission scanning electron microscopy reveals polycrystalline microstructures with average grain sizes ranging from 269 to 327 nm for both compounds. The optical bandgap is evaluated by Tauc’s relation and is observed to slightly increase from 2.24 to 2.33 eV with Dy3+ ions substitution. Optical parameters, including skin depth, extinction coefficient, refractive index and optical conductivity are determined and their variations with Dy substitution are analysed. Temperature-dependent magnetic analysis reveals a Néel temperature (TN) of 177 K in EDCO composition, lower than that of pristine EuCrO3 (TN ~181 K). The magnetocaloric effect of the EDCO compound demonstrates a magnetic entropy change (ΔS) and relative cooling power of –0.27 J kg−1 K and 4.4 J kg−1, respectively, near TN under the application of 7 Tesla field. This study highlights the tunability of EuCrO3 properties through Dy ion substitution for customized applications.

Urban Heat Island (UHI) is a phenomenon that significantly affects the environment, the cities' liveability, and the citizens' well-being. This study aims to perform a comparative study of the microclimate and UHI phenomenon of Ahmedabad City using MODIS and Landsat Satellite Datasets. The satellite datasets were utilized to calculate the UTFVI, NDBI, MBI, MNDWI, and NDWaI to study the city's heat islands and land surface characteristics. The study's findings reveal that Ahmedabad has 35.53% of the total area classified as having a low potential and 13.55% is designated as a high potential UHI zone for 2023. This study highlights the importance of mitigating the UHI phenomenon in urban centres for the overall well-being of city dwellers. It will help policymakers and stakeholders comprehend plans and take initiatives to minimize the effects of the UHI phenomenon on rapidly growing cities.

Background Although positive childhood experiences (PCEs) have been reported to be crucial for healthy development and better mental and physical health outcomes, their epidemiology and relationship with adverse childhood experiences (ACE) exposure in low and middle-income countries, including India remain underexplored. Aims The present study aimed to ascertain the prevalence and predictors of PCE exposure and understand the relationship between PCE and ACE exposure among young adults in Delhi-NCR, India. Methods The present cross-sectional study involved a total of 1,573 young adults (18–25 years) of both sexes (69.7% females) recruited from two Universities in Delhi-NCR, India. PCEs and ACEs were measured using the Benevolent Childhood Experiences scale and ACE-International Questionnaire. Results Of the total participants, 42.6% reported experiencing all 10 PCEs, while 50.2% had experienced 6 to 9, and 7.2% had experienced 0 to 5 PCEs. Further, the mean PCE score of the sample was 8.64. Certain sociodemographic groups, for instance, participants from immigrant families, sexual minority groups and those who were obese during childhood than their respective counterparts were at lower odds of high PCE exposure. Also, the study found a significant inverse correlation between ACE and PCE exposure levels; however, the effect size was moderate. Conclusions The study indicates the need for targeted PCE promotion interventions for disadvantaged sociodemographic groups. The intervention should simultaneously aim at reducing ACEs, as PCE promotion alone may not always lead to ACE reduction.

Background The border areas of Jammu and Kashmir have long been affected by conflict, potentially impacting the mental health of youth. Understanding the relationships between social health factors and mental health outcomes in these regions is crucial for developing effective interventions. Aim This study aims to investigate the correlations between social health factors (social support, resilience, and well-being) and mental health outcomes (stress, anxiety, and depression) among youth living in the border areas of Jammu and Kashmir. Methods A sample of 300 individuals aged 18 to 25 years was recruited, with 150 participants from the Line of Control (LoC) border in Rajouri district and 150 from the International Border (IB) in Jammu district. Participants completed six standardized measures: the Resilience Scale, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), the WHO-5 Well-Being Index, the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7). Pearson Correlation was computed with statistical significance at p < .05. Results Significant positive correlations were found between social support, resilience, and well-being in both IB and LoC groups. Depression was positively correlated with anxiety in both groups. However, stress was positively correlated with depression and anxiety only in the LoC group. Conclusion These findings highlight the importance of social health factors in maintaining mental well-being among youth in conflict-affected regions. The study suggests that interventions targeting social support, resilience, and well-being may effectively promote mental health in these areas. Additionally, the results underscore the need for context-specific approaches in addressing mental health challenges in different conflict-affected environments.

Key message Overexpression of general transcription factor OsTFIIB5 in rice affects seedling growth, plant height, flowering time, panicle architecture, and seed protein/starch levels and involves modulation of expression of associated genes. Abstract TFIIB, a key general transcription factor (GTF), plays a critical role in pre-initiation complex (PIC) formation and facilitates RNA polymerase II-mediated transcription. In humans and yeast, TFIIB is encoded by a single gene; however, in plants it is encoded by a multigene family whose products may perform specialized transcriptional functions. The role of plant TFIIBs, particularly in monocots, remains largely unexplored. This study presents the first functional characterization of the rice TFIIB gene, OsTFIIB5 (LOC_Os09g36440), during development. Expression profiling of OsTFIIB5 revealed differential patterns across various developmental stages, with pronounced transcript accumulation during seed development. Overexpression of OsTFIIB5 impacted multiple stages of plant growth and development, leading to phenotypic changes such as altered seedling growth, reduced plant height, early heading, altered panicle architecture, decreased yield, and changes in seed storage substances. Notably, there were no effects on seed germination, pollen development, and grain size. Reduction in shoot length and plant height was linked to altered expression of genes involved in gibberellin (GA) biosynthesis, signalling, and deactivation. Overexpression of OsTFIIB5 enhanced the expression of genes involved in the photoperiodic flowering pathway, resulting in early panicle emergence. Higher expression levels of OsTFIIB5 also induced the accumulation of seed storage proteins (SSPs), while reducing starch content and altering the proportions of amylose and amylopectin in seeds. These findings suggest that OsTFIIB5 functions as a transcriptional regulator, governing multiple aspects of rice growth and development.

Climate change poses a significant threat to the lives and livelihoods of local communities in the Himalayan regions. These regions do not have an extensive network of meteorological stations due to poor infrastructure for climate change studies. Understanding how the local community perceives climate change provides an important insight into specific features of climate change in the data-scarce regions. This study aimed to understand how local communities of Manipur in northeast India have perceived climate change, including its causes and impacts, its influences on their life and their responses. In this study, a survey was conducted in the valley and hill regions of Manipur on local community perceptions of climate change. The survey sample comprised of 193 randomly selected local inhabitants in both the regions. Through this survey, we aimed to determine how local communities respond to the effects of climate change in the study area based on their personal experiences. The results indicated that the local community has fairly strong perceptions of climate change with more than 80% of respondents reporting a change in the cultivation patterns and agricultural productivity have been changing over the years. Another 98% of the respondents acknowledged a change in “summer temperature” over the past 15–20 years as a result of climate change. Further, the majority of respondents (> 97%) are concerned that climate change may increase the frequency of natural disasters in the state. The consistency of this local’s perception with meteorological data was also evaluated. The annual mean temperature had increased at a rate of 0.027 and 0.024 °C/year in the valley and hill, respectively, while the annual precipitation declined at a rate of 0.08 and 0.12 mm/year in the valley and hill, respectively, in the past 44 years (1979–2022). The results reveal an overall consistency between local community perceptions of climate change and the scientific observations of these changes. A better understanding of how communities perceive climate change would enable decision-makers to devise local adaptation measures and formulate an effective mitigation strategy that efficiently tackles the negative impact of climate change impacts.