University of Eastern Finland

Background Obesity is a global issue with a major impact on cardiovascular health. This study explores how obesity influences nocturnal cardiac electrophysiology in suspected obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients. Methods We randomly selected 12 patients from each of the five World Health Organization body mass index (BMI) classifications groups ( n total = 60) while keeping the group's age and sex matched. We evaluated 1965 nocturnal electrocardiography (ECG) samples (10 s) using modified lead II recorded during normal saturation conditions. R‐wave peaks were detected and confirmed using dedicated software, with the exclusion of ventricular extrasystoles and artifacts. The duration of waves and intervals was manually marked. The average electric potential graphs were computed for each segment. Thresholds for abnormal ECG waveforms were P‐wave > 120 ms, PQ interval > 200 ms, QRS complex > 120 ms for, and QTc > 440 ms. Results Obesity was significantly ( p < .05) associated with prolonged conduction times. Compared to the normal weight (18.5 ≤ BMI < 25) group, the morbidly obese patients (BMI ≥ 40) had a significantly longer P‐wave duration (101.7 vs. 117.2 ms), PQ interval (175.8 vs. 198.0 ms), QRS interval (89.9 vs. 97.7 ms), and QTc interval (402.8 vs. 421.2 ms). We further examined ECG waveform prolongations related to BMI. Compared to other patient groups, the morbidly obese patients had the highest number of ECG segments with PQ interval (44% of the ECG samples), QRS duration (14%), and QTc duration (20%) above the normal limits. Conclusions Morbid obesity predisposes patients to prolongation of cardiac conduction times. This might increase the risk of arrhythmias, stroke, and even sudden cardiac death.

This paper is devoted to considering the quasiperiodicity of complex differential polynomials, complex difference polynomials and complex delay-differential polynomials of certain types, and to studying the similarities and differences of quasiperiodicity compared to the corresponding properties of periodicity.

Background Proximal humerus fractures (PHFs) are common fractures, especially in older female patients. These fractures are commonly treated surgically, but the consensus on the best treatment is still lacking. Methods and findings The primary aim of this multicenter, randomized 3-arm superiority, open-label trial was to assess the results of nonoperative treatment and operative treatment either with locking plate (LP) or hemiarthroplasty (HA) of 3- and 4-part PHF with the primary outcome of Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) at 2-year follow-up. Between February 2011 and December 2019, 160 patients 60 years and older with 3- and 4-part PHFs were randomly assigned in 1:1:1 fashion in block size of 10 to undergo nonoperative treatment (control) or operative intervention with LP or HA. In total, 54 patients were assigned to the nonoperative group, 52 to the LP group, and 54 to the HA group. Five patients assigned to the LP group were reassigned to the HA group perioperatively due to high comminution, and all of these patients had 4-part fractures. In the intention-to-treat analysis, there were 42 patients in the nonoperative group, 44 in the LP group, and 37 in the HA group. The outcome assessors were blinded to the study group. The mean DASH score at 2-year follow-up was 30.4 (standard error (SE) 3.25), 31.4 (SE 3.11), and 26.6 (SE 3.23) points for the nonoperative, LP, and HA groups, respectively. At 2 years, the between-group differences were 1.07 points (95% CI [−9.5,11.7]; p = 0.97) between nonoperative and LP, 3.78 points (95% CI [−7.0,14.6]; p = 0.69) between nonoperative and HA, and 4.84 points (95% CI [−5.7,15.4]; p = 0.53) between LP and HA. No significant differences in primary or secondary outcomes were seen in stratified age groups (60 to 70 years and 71 years and over). At 2 years, we found 30 complications (3/52, 5.8% in nonoperative; 22/49, 45% in LP; and 5/49, 10% in HA group, p = 0.0004) and 16 severe pain-related adverse events. There was a revision rate of 22% in the LP group. The limitation of the trial was that the recruitment period was longer than expected due to a high number of exclusions after the assessment of eligibility and a larger exclusion rate than anticipated toward the end of the trial. Therefore, the trial was ended prematurely. Conclusions In this study, no benefit was observed between operative treatment with LP or HA and nonoperative treatment in displaced 3- and 4-part PHFs in patients aged 60 years and older. Further, we observed a high rate of complications related to operative treatments. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01246167 .

Let ω\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\omega $$\end{document} and ν\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\nu $$\end{document} be radial weights on the unit disc of the complex plane, and denote σ=ωp′ν-p′p\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\sigma =\omega ^{p'} \nu ^{-\frac{p'}{p}}$$\end{document} and ωx=∫01sxω(s)ds\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\omega _x =\int _0^1\,s^x \omega (s)\,ds$$\end{document} for all 1≤x<∞\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$1\le x<\infty $$\end{document}. Consider the one-weight inequality ‖Pω(f)‖Lνp≤C‖f‖Lνp,1<p<∞,(†)\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\begin{aligned} \Vert P_\omega (f)\Vert _{L^p_\nu }\le C\Vert f\Vert _{L^p_\nu },\quad 1<p<\infty , \qquad \qquad (\dagger ) \end{aligned}$$\end{document}for the Bergman projection Pω\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$P_\omega $$\end{document} induced by ω\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\omega $$\end{document}. It is shown that the moment condition Dp(ω,ν)=supn∈N∪{0}νnp+11pσnp′+11p′ω2n+1<∞\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\begin{aligned} D_p(\omega ,\nu )=\sup _{n\in {\mathbb {N}}\cup \{0\}} \frac{\left( \nu _{np+1}\right) ^\frac{1}{p}\left( \sigma _{np'+1} \right) ^\frac{1}{p'}}{\omega _{2n+1}}<\infty \end{aligned}$$\end{document}is necessary for (†\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\dagger $$\end{document}) to hold. Further, Dp(ω,ν)<∞\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$D_p(\omega ,\nu )<\infty $$\end{document} is also sufficient for (†\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\dagger $$\end{document}) if ν\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\nu $$\end{document} admits the doubling properties sup0≤r<1∫r1ν(s)sds∫1+r21ν(s)sds<∞\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\sup _{0\le r<1}\frac{\int _r^1\nu (s) s\,ds}{\int _{\frac{1+r}{2}}^1\nu (s)s\,ds}<\infty $$\end{document} and sup0≤r<1∫r1ν(s)sds∫r1-1-rKν(s)sds<∞\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\sup _{0\le r<1}\frac{\int _r^1\nu (s)s\,ds}{\int _r^{1-\frac{1-r}{K}} \nu (s)s\,ds}<\infty $$\end{document} for some K>1\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$K>1$$\end{document}. In addition, an analogous result for the one weight inequality ‖Pω(f)‖Dν,kp≤C‖f‖Lνp\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\Vert P_\omega (f)\Vert _{D^p_{\nu ,k}} \le C\Vert f\Vert _{L^p_\nu }$$\end{document}, where ‖f‖Dν,kpp=∑j=0k-1|f(j)(0)|p+∫D|f(k)(z)|p(1-|z|)kpν(z)dA(z)<∞,k∈N,\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\begin{aligned} \Vert f \Vert _{D^p_{\nu , k}}^p =\sum \limits _{j=0}^{k-1}\vert f^{(j)}(0)\vert ^p +\int _{{\mathbb {D}}} \vert f^{(k)}(z)\vert ^p (1-\vert z \vert )^{kp} \nu (z)\,dA(z)<\infty , \quad k\in {\mathbb {N}}, \end{aligned}$$\end{document}is established. The inequality (†\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\dagger $$\end{document}) is further studied by using the necessary condition Dp(ω,ν)<∞\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$D_p(\omega ,\nu )<\infty $$\end{document} in the case of the exponential type weights ν(r)=exp-α(1-rl)β\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\nu (r)=\exp \left( -\frac{\alpha }{(1-r^l)^{\beta }} \right) $$\end{document} and ω(r)=exp-α~(1-rl~)β~\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\omega (r)= \exp \left( -\frac{ \widetilde{\alpha }}{(1-r^{\widetilde{l}})^{\widetilde{\beta }}} \right) $$\end{document}, where 0<α,α~,l,l~<∞\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$0<\alpha , \, \widetilde{\alpha }, \, l, \, \widetilde{l}<\infty $$\end{document} and 0<β,β~≤1\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$0<\beta , \, \widetilde{\beta }\le 1$$\end{document}.

Paramedics have mentally and physically demanding jobs, and chronic stress is not uncommon. Recently graduated paramedics, in particular, have been identified as needing support in their early careers. This pilot study examined chronic stress experienced by recent graduate paramedics and their intentions to leave the paramedic profession. Finnish paramedics encompass qualifications to work in various nursing sectors. This pilot study was a cross-sectional survey study among Finnish paramedics who graduated less than 3 years ago and who were currently working in prehospital EMS (n = 152). They evaluated chronic organizational and operational stressors on the Emergency Medical Services Chronic Stress Questionnaire with 20 statements. Two structured questions related to the intention to leave the paramedic profession. Three summary scales were formed. The differences in stress by the intention to leave were reported descriptively and the differences were tested with Mann-Whitney U test. The influence of potential predictors of the intention to leave prehospital EMS work or the nursing sector completely were explored with a forward stepwise logistic regression model. Those who intended to leave prehospital EMS work (25%, n = 35/152) or to leave the nursing sector completely (33%, n = 50/152) experienced higher levels of stress than those without such intentions. Stress related to organizational inequity and leadership challenges was the strongest and stress related to social, health, and personal impacts was the second strongest predictor of the intention to leave. Reducing chronic stress might be important in terms of paramedic retention. Several further study needs are addressed.

Radioecological modeling requires information about the transfer of different elements and their radionuclides. These models have traditionally used radionuclide concentrations in water to predict concentrations in aquatic organisms. In addition, these models often assume this accumulation to be linear. In this study, we investigated the transfer of Ba, Co, Ni, Sr, U, and Zn from sediment and artificial freshwater to laboratory-reared benthic Oligochaeta ( Lumbriculus variegatus ). Total elemental concentrations were used as substitute measurements for specific radionuclides. The radioactive isotopes of these metals are an important part of the nuclear fuel cycle. During various parts of this cycle, they can end up in aquatic environments, mostly at low concentrations. Sediment samples were collected from three small lakes connected to a former uranium mine in Eastern Finland, as well as from a reference lake from a different drainage area nearby. A 28-day bioaccumulation experiment was conducted using collected samples and artificial freshwater. Concentrations measured from sediment, porewater, overlying water, and L. variegatus indicated importance of sediment as a source of uptake for all tested metals. Linear accumulation assumption (constant concentration ratio) also did not appear to be correct for most metals. Metal uptake by L. variegatus seemed to reduce at higher sediment concentrations for most metals, except for Ba and Co. Thus, the common assumptions related to radioecological modeling were not supported by our findings for majority of tested metals and accumulation sources. Further basic research is required to develop more accurate and robust radioecological models.

Pirunkirkko (“Devil’s Church”) is one of the famous caves in Finland. Tradition says that this crevice leading into the mountain was a meeting place for sages, who typically used sound to contact the spirit world. Today, the place is visited by practitioners of shamanism, who organise drumming sessions at the back of the cave. This article examines Pirunkirkko and the related traditions from the perspective of acoustics, hypothesising that the acoustic characteristics of the crevice might have played a role in the ritualisation of the place and the power of its rituals. Methods employed include impulse response recording, spectrum analysis, archival research, and interview of a shamanic practitioner. The results indicate that the back of the cave houses a distinct resonance phenomenon. A standing wave between the parallel walls generates a ringing tone at 219–232 Hz that stays audible after sharp impulses or vocalisations at the same frequency. The local folklore or the interviewed practitioner does not mention this phenomenon at all. Instead, they speak about the “spirit of the cave,” “special energy,” or “new horizons” opened up by drumming. This leads to reflection on cultural frameworks of thought that guide sensory perceptions leading to differing experiences and interpretations.

This polemical essay argues that Victorian novelist Elizabeth Gaskell, and her novels North and South , and Mary Barton , portray her as an overlooked, early political economist. The objective of the paper is three‐fold: (1) to dismantle taken‐for‐granted truth claims that Alan Fox is the preeminent thinker on pluralistic forms of employee engagement (2) encourage further development and enlargement of the field and what constitutes its history, and (3) to argue for the recognition of Elizabeth Gaskell as an early political economist. Guiding this exploration is the question: How do we also make sense of Fox’s privileged situatedness in scholarship and the absence of potential early theorists like Gaskell? The paper adopts a feminist reading and polemical writing to engage in feminist critical historiography. The author draws on audience theory to help readers reorient themselves to Gaskell and to help see her as an overlooked political economist. Feminism is conceptually presented as ontology, epistemology, method, and style of writing. Despite the ongoing credit Alan Fox receives as first theorizing the frames of reference and pluralistic forms of engagement starting in the 1960s, Elizabeth Gaskell was contemplating and critiquing the employment relationship starting in the 1850s. She not only provided a rich historical understanding of the inequalities of class and wealth, but her ideas and insights remain unacknowledged in industrial relations scholarship. The paper offers a unique feminist perspective on Elizabeth Gaskell and makes the case that she is neglected early political economist. Further, the paper makes a link between the world of Victorian era fiction as historical understanding of early capitalist society and demonstrates how ideas are taken up by the field in unconscious and unjust ways.

Ameloblasts are specialized epithelial cells in the jaw that have an indispensable role in tooth enamel formation—amelogenesis¹. Amelogenesis depends on multiple ameloblast-derived proteins that function as a scaffold for hydroxyapatite crystals. The loss of function of ameloblast-derived proteins results in a group of rare congenital disorders called amelogenesis imperfecta². Defects in enamel formation are also found in patients with autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type-1 (APS-1), caused by AIRE deficiency3,4, and in patients diagnosed with coeliac disease5–7. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here we show that the vast majority of patients with APS-1 and coeliac disease develop autoantibodies (mostly of the IgA isotype) against ameloblast-specific proteins, the expression of which is induced by AIRE in the thymus. This in turn results in a breakdown of central tolerance, and subsequent generation of corresponding autoantibodies that interfere with enamel formation. However, in coeliac disease, the generation of such autoantibodies seems to be driven by a breakdown of peripheral tolerance to intestinal antigens that are also expressed in enamel tissue. Both conditions are examples of a previously unidentified type of IgA-dependent autoimmune disorder that we collectively name autoimmune amelogenesis imperfecta.

Diffractive optical elements (DOE) are integral components for lightweight and ultra‐thin optical elements due to their ability to manipulate light efficiently and accurately. However, conventional DOEs are static and cannot be altered after fabrication, which hinders their adaptability to changing requirements. To overcome this limitation, the potential of surface patterning on azobenzene thin films to fabricate reconfigurable DOEs is investigated. Using holographic lithography, surface topographies with sinusoidal surface relief gratings (SRG) are created and the superposition of up to 80 SRGs with high accuracy and minimal information loss in subsequent inscriptions is demonstrated. This is enabled by a surface patterning tool combining holographic lithography and digital holographic microscopy. Reconfigurable and adaptive optical elements can improve the efficiency of optical coupling and increase the sensitivity and selectivity of sensors, especially in applications such as near‐eye displays and plasmonic sensors. These results demonstrate the ability to create complex azobenzene‐based DOEs for advanced photonic applications, where the ability to alter optical elements is of high importance.

Objective: Until date there is lack of effective therapies in acute bronchiolitis in infants. The aim was to analyze inhaled nitric oxide efficacy in acute bronchiolitis. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Setting: Pediatric specialized healthcare. Patients: All infants (age less than 2 years) having acute bronchiolitis, which requires emergency room visit or hospitalization. Intervention: Inhaled nitric oxide. Main Outcome Measures: Need for intensive care unit admission. Secondary outcomes were length of hospital stay and adverse events. Risk ratios (RR) and mean differences with 95% confidence intervals (CI) calculated by random-effects DerSimonian and Laird inverse variance method. Peto Odds ratios were used for rare outcomes. Evidence certainty assessed according to GRADE. Results: 186 studies were screened and three included for analysis. Two had low risk of bias and one had some concerns. Three studies (166 infants) analyzed length of hospital stay and the duration was −11.3 h (CI: −26.8 to +4.2 h) shorter in the nitric oxide group. Evidence certainty was ranked as low. Overall adverse event rates were similar (3 studies, 166 infants, RR: 0.94, CI: 0.70-1.26), but treatment related harms were more common in nitric oxide group (2 studies, 98 infants, OR: 3.86, CI: 1.04-14.40). Evidence certainty in both was rated as low. Conclusions: Low certainty evidence suggests that inhaled nitric oxide does not reduce length of hospital stay but may have higher rate of treatment associated harms. Future studies with larger sample sizes are needed to better estimate both the efficacy and adverse events.

Purpose The aim of this study was to clarify how health satisfaction, socio-demographic background, and country of residence in older internet users correspond with their preference for COVID-19 information sources or for behaviors aimed at acquiring this information. Methods The sample (N = 4233) was drawn from the 2020 wave of the Ageing + Communication + Technologies (ACT) cross-national longitudinal research study. Multinomial and logistic regression models were employed to analyze the data. Results An association was found between health satisfaction and preference for interpersonal communication to obtain COVID-19 information over traditional media consumed via traditional devices. Substantial socio-demographic (gender, age, education, marital status) differences were found, particularly regarding preference for digital media. Moreover, sizable cross-country differences were detected. Conclusions The results point to the existence of a remarkable divide with respect to the COVID-19 information source/behavior preference even in a digitally advantaged population. Public decision makers and communities should be more involved in assisting older adults to obtain necessary and up-to-date information regarding COVID-19.

Electronic monitoring enables different, more transparent and open ways of enforcing sentences. This study examines Finnish Supervised Probationary Freedom (SPF) from the perspective of a desistance from crime. We analyze what meanings sentenced people give to SPF in terms of their desistance from crime, adopting the viewpoints of moderate social constructionism and rhetorical analysis. The research data was collected from interviews of 26 people who had experience with SPF. According to the results, SPF supervision and participation in SPF activities can create a framework for practicing a crime- and drug-free life. The person’s own desire to desist is the starting point. Support provided by prison and probation employees appears to be central to the construction of a new identity. Support from social work is necessary to complete SPF, and NGO support enhances reintegration into society during the SPF. However, the opportunities on offer for reentry are limited.