University of Brasília

The objective of this article is to contribute to the understanding of the phenomenon of the politicization of the judiciary from the analysis of the figure of the judge as a utility-maximizing agent. The study used a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods to address the following question: How can the popularity and prestige generated in the course of a judicial operation against political corruption influence the way in which a particular judge will perform their work in Brazil? The analysis of six cases corroborated the hypotheses of the study by revealing that popularity, prestige and the possibility of developing a positive self-image as an agent in the fight against corruption are key variables in the analysis of the phenomenon of the politicization of the judiciary. The main contribution of the article lies in deepening the understanding of the politicization of the judiciary and of judges as rational actors exposed to certain incentives and restrictions in the Brazilian scenario. economic analysis of law; political economy; politicization of the judiciary; judicial activism; contemporary Brazil

This article analyzes collective candidacies based on the literature on the interaction between political parties and social movements. It asks: what are the characteristics of collective candidacies, of spokespersons and of those elected? What do they tell us about the interaction between social movements and political parties? It presents a database of 319 candidacies participating in the 2020 municipal elections and qualitative and quantitative analysis of the spokespersons’ profiles: gender, race, age, education, marital status, distribution in federal units, ties and organizational infrastructure of movements and parties, and campaign resources. Through the mutual fertilization between literatures, the article argues that collective candidacies present a new form of interaction between social movements and political parties, at the same time, it offers a detailed characterization of collective candidacies as a whole. The article also confronts some assumptions that relate collective candidacies exclusively to inclusion of marginalized groups, new activisms, and intersectional agendas. collective candidacies; 2020 elections; political parties; social movements; interaction

Scientific research on passion fruit has been conducted in several institutions worldwide, and it is of interest to the productive sector, the scientific community, and science and technology managers to learn about current scientific advances and opportunities through metric studies of bibliographic information. A survey of publications indexed in the Web of Science and the Agricultural Research Database-BDPA, in European Patent Office - Espacenet, and Embrapa’s technologies and projects were used as indicators to characterize research networks. This study analyzed the co-authorship and co-citation network of scientific production, the strength of connections among institutions, and a map of co-occurrence of keywords from 2001 to 2020. Brazil, the United States, Colombia, and France had the largest co-authorship networks for Passifloraceae. Brazilian institutions that are in a prominent position in the analysis of co-authorship networks and that produced the largest number of publications were Embrapa, University of São Paulo (USP), and State University of Campinas (Unicamp). The main themes studied were adsorption, antioxidant, clarification, evolution, flavonoid, flowering, growth, and somatic embryogenesis. Patents related to the use of passifloras were highest between 2015 and 2017 and were mainly focused on the production of food, beverages, cosmetics, and medicines. Brazil has relevant bibliographic production and technological development regarding passion fruit for the academic community and rural producers. These results integrated aspects of scientific activity that can help explore new research directions and explain the use and circulation of scientific production.

In many urban buildings, there is the presence of gas central storage, which contain pressurized tanks. One of the main risks in these places is an explosion, which may or may not is followed by fire. In general, the shock wave formed by this phenomenon is disastrous and can cause material damage and even fatalities. Recent research has contributed to understanding protective systems against this phenomenon; however, it is necessary to advance in developing protection devices for gas central storage. From this perspective, the implementation plan of these devices in order to mitigate the harmful effects of explosions are essential to raise the safety level in construction. Physical protection barriers are appropriate solutions for the protection of buildings, especially in places where it is impossible to bury gas reservoirs. In addition to the potential to reduce back pressure levels, protective walls, when properly designed, can also prevent the spread of debris from the explosion. Another kind of barrier that influences the propagation of the shock wave close to the ground is the ditches, whose function is related to the absorption and redirection of wave energy. Understanding the positioning, geometry, and overpressure attenuation potential of physical barriers are essential in developing safer and more reliable projects. This article aims to study protective barriers in buildings with pressurized gas tanks. The study was developed numerically using the Autodyn software. This program is a tool based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The protective capacity of the proposed types of protection regarding the mitigation of incident overpressures was evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively.

Resumo Este artigo faz uma radiografia do sistema de pós-graduação das universidades federais no que diz respeito à adoção de políticas de ação afirmativa por meio de decisões de seus conselhos superiores. Para tanto, foram levantadas informações dos programas de pós-graduação brasileiros, a partir de dados da Plataforma Sucupira (quadriênio 2017-2020) e das resoluções dos conselhos superiores das 69 universidades federais do país. Do universo das universidades federais do país, 33 já adotam políticas de ação afirmativa. Apresentamos achados em relação ao público beneficiário, tipos de editais, tipo de validação da autodeclaração dos/as beneficiários/as, existência de políticas de permanência etc. Esta pesquisa, que dialoga com resultados de outras investigações, pode servir de parâmetro para universidades que estão estudando a adoção de tais políticas, além de ter a virtude de instar as instituições de ensino superior a monitorarem e expandirem suas políticas de ação afirmativa.

O presente artigo tem por objetivo levantar o estado da arte sobre Inovação Tecnológica e/ou de Processos com foco na Agricultura Orgânica, por meio de uma revisão sistemática de literatura (RSL), classificada como exploratória, descritiva e com abordagem qualitativa. Para tal intento, foi utilizado o protocolo descrito por Cronin et al. (2008). Após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão foram selecionados e analisados 29 artigos na base de dados Web of Science. Os resultados indicaram predominância de pesquisas teórico-empíricas que integram abordagens qualitativa e quantitativa. Adicionalmente, foram mapeados os principais autores, bem como instituições e periódicos com maior quantidade de publicações na área pesquisada. Evidenciou-se que as autoras Leila Amaral Gontijo (UFSC), Larissa Maas (UFSC) e Rosane Malvestiti (UFSC) são as que mais aparecem na lista entre os 29 artigos examinados na pesquisa. A instituição com maior destaque nas publicações é a Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC). A análise de conteúdo indicou que os ecossistemas de inovação podem ser construídos por meio de uma densa rede de relações, que auxilia no desenvolvimento e difusão do conhecimento aliado a um forte senso de territorialidade. Por fim, apresenta-se agenda de pesquisas futuras para avanços nesse campo de conhecimento. Palavras-chave: agricultura orgânica, inovação, tecnologia, redes sociais.

Purpose To identify the risk of dysphagia and its association with signs suggestive of sarcopenia, nutritional status and frequency of oral hygiene in the hospitalized elderly. Methods This is an analytical cross-sectional study with the participation of 52 elderly patients admitted to a medical clinic at a public hospital in the Federal District, Brazil. The Eating Assessment Tool, Strength, Assistance with walking, Rise from a chair, Climb stairs and Falls + Calf Circumference and the Mini Nutritional Assessment shortform were applied, in addition to the collection of sociodemographic data and health conditions. Results Among the elderly participants, 30.8% were at risk of self-reported dysphagia. The factors associated with the risk of dysphagia were: signs suggestive of sarcopenia (p=0.04), nutritional status (p<0.001) and oral hygiene frequency (p=0.03). Conclusion In the geriatric population of the present study, with the majority of the participants having tested positive for Covid-19, the risk of dysphagia was associated with signs suggestive of sarcopenia, nutritional status and frequency of oral hygiene. Keywords: Dysphagia; Swallowing Disorders; Aging; Sarcopenia

Purpose To identify the risk of dysphagia and its association with signs suggestive of sarcopenia, nutritional status and frequency of oral hygiene in the hospitalized elderly. Methods This is an analytical cross-sectional study with the participation of 52 elderly patients admitted to a medical clinic at a public hospital in the Federal District, Brazil. The Eating Assessment Tool, Strength, Assistance with walking, Rise from a chair, Climb stairs and Falls + Calf Circumference and the Mini Nutritional Assessment shortform were applied, in addition to the collection of sociodemographic data and health conditions. Results Among the elderly participants, 30.8% were at risk of self-reported dysphagia. The factors associated with the risk of dysphagia were: signs suggestive of sarcopenia (p=0.04), nutritional status (p<0.001) and oral hygiene frequency (p=0.03). Conclusion In the geriatric population of the present study, with the majority of the participants having tested positive for Covid-19, the risk of dysphagia was associated with signs suggestive of sarcopenia, nutritional status and frequency of oral hygiene. Keywords: Dysphagia; Swallowing Disorders; Aging; Sarcopenia

Leaf litter decomposition and the release of nutrients from macauba palm leaves play a major role in nutrient return to the soil in a conservation environment. This study evaluated macauba palm leaf decomposition, macronutrient contents and biochemical composition under contrasting water conditions in the Brazilian Cerrado. Macauba leaves were collected from plants in two different environments (low and high water table conditions), placed in litter bags and evaluated according to their decomposition, macronutrients, lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose for 420 days. In addition, green and dry leaves were collected for macronutrient analyses. Litter decomposition ranged between 49 % and 59 % up to 180 days. The half-life of litter ranged from 141 to 198 days. The leaf litter decomposition of macauba was practically stable during the dry season, whereas at the beginning of the rainy season, decomposition resumed. Nitrogen, P and S were higher in the green leaves, whereas the Ca levels were higher in the dry leaves. In addition, the K levels were twofold higher in the green leaves than in the dry leaves. Lignin release from macauba residues was slower than cellulose and hemicellulose. The decomposition rates of hemicellulose were higher initially due to its high solubility, although it gradually decreased with the decomposition process. Lignin decomposition was also higher at the beginning of the process but stabilized during the drought period. The study indicates that the decomposition process and nutrient cycling of macauba are influenced by its biochemical composition. Acrocomia aculeata; macronutrients; lignin; cellulose; hemicellulose

Objective To identify barriers to adherence to home oral maintenance chemotherapy in children with leukemia treated at a specialized cancer center. Methods We used the Brief Medication Questionnaire (BMQ) as a tool for screening barriers to adherence. The level of adherence was calculated considering at least one positive response in each BMQ domain, defined as Regimen Screen, Belief Screen, and Recall Screen. A positive screening for belief barriers (PSB) indicates that the caregiver reports not understanding the medication's mechanism of action and adverse effects. Results Three important barriers to adherence were identified: beliefs, number of children of the caregiver, and age of the caregiver. The primary caregivers included 32 mothers (80%), four fathers (10%), three grandmothers (7.5%), and one unrelated caregiver (2.5 %). Most caregivers with a PSB were mothers. A PSB indicates that the caregiver reports not understanding the medication's mechanism of action and adverse effects. Caregivers with two or more children (median, three) had more barriers to adherence. Caregivers with potential non-adherence tended to be older than those with potential adherence, although without statistical significance (p=0.079, Mann-Whitney U test). Conclusions The main barriers to adherence to home oral maintenance chemotherapy in children with leukemia identified through interviews with their caregivers, most often mothers, were lack of understanding of the treatment regimen, a greater number of children, and older age. Keywords: Child; Caregivers; Leukemia; Treatment adherence

Purpose to carry out the cross-cultural adaptation of the Vocal Congruence Scale (VCS) and the Transgender Scale Congruence (TSC) instruments into Brazilian Portuguese. Methods the study was developed in two stages: cross-cultural adaptation and pre-test. 1. Cross-cultural adaptation: it was composed of a team of two speech therapists and two non-speech therapists, being responsible for the translation of the instruments into Portuguese (a speech therapist and a non-speech therapist native to Brazilian Portuguese - BP and English speakers, independently, with subsequent consensus achieved by the researchers; back-translation of the instruments into English (a speech therapist and a non-speech therapist who are native speakers of English and speakers of BP); analysis of the final version by a committee (a translator, a methodologist, and three speech therapists). Data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially. Results In the cross-cultural adaptation process of the VCS there were adjustments in five items of the questionnaire, four of them in terms of form and one in terms of content. necessary adjustments regarding form in five items. In the pre-test, for all VCS and TSC items, the non-applicable option had a significantly lower proportion than the instrument response key options (p<0.001, for all). Finally, a translated and adapted version for Brazilian Portuguese of the Vocal Congruence Scale (VCS) and the Transgender Scale Congruence (TSC) instruments was obtained. Conclusion The VCS and TSC were transculturally adapted to Brazilian Portuguese and named as Vocal Congruence Scale and Transgender Person Congruence Scale. Keywords: Transgender People; Gender Studies; Voice; Surveys and Questionnaires; Translation Process

Purpose to carry out the cross-cultural adaptation of the Vocal Congruence Scale (VCS) and the Transgender Scale Congruence (TSC) instruments into Brazilian Portuguese. Methods the study was developed in two stages: cross-cultural adaptation and pre-test. 1. Cross-cultural adaptation: it was composed of a team of two speech therapists and two non-speech therapists, being responsible for the translation of the instruments into Portuguese (a speech therapist and a non-speech therapist native to Brazilian Portuguese - BP and English speakers, independently, with subsequent consensus achieved by the researchers; back-translation of the instruments into English (a speech therapist and a non-speech therapist who are native speakers of English and speakers of BP); analysis of the final version by a committee (a translator, a methodologist, and three speech therapists). Data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially. Results In the cross-cultural adaptation process of the VCS there were adjustments in five items of the questionnaire, four of them in terms of form and one in terms of content. necessary adjustments regarding form in five items. In the pre-test, for all VCS and TSC items, the non-applicable option had a significantly lower proportion than the instrument response key options (p<0.001, for all). Finally, a translated and adapted version for Brazilian Portuguese of the Vocal Congruence Scale (VCS) and the Transgender Scale Congruence (TSC) instruments was obtained. Conclusion The VCS and TSC were transculturally adapted to Brazilian Portuguese and named as Vocal Congruence Scale and Transgender Person Congruence Scale. Keywords: Transgender People; Gender Studies; Voice; Surveys and Questionnaires; Translation Process

Purpose The objective of this study was analyzed the neuropsychological functions of students from a public school in Brazil, enrolled in the 1st and 2nd year of Elementary School at the time of the reopening of schools during the COVID-19 pandemic and to access the influence of family and contextual information on the performance of these skills. Methods 117 students participated in the study, as well as their parents or guardians. The children were evaluated in person using the Brief Child Neuropsychological Assessment Instrument (NEUPSILIN-Inf). The parents/guardians answered remotely the Inventory of Resources of the Family Environment and questions about socioeconomic classification and maternal education. Results The data showed a high prevalence of children who had problems or deficits in the functions of orientation, memory, language, visuospatial skills, arithmetic skills and verbal fluency. Furthermore, predictable activities that signal some degree of stability in family life are predictors of children's performance in orientation skills and resources that promote proximal processes significantly reflect on language performance. The results suggest that children included in families with a household income below one Brazilian minimum monthly salary presented poorer inhibitory control performances. Conclusion The impact of changes in neuropsychological skills in children's learning were presented and discussed, highlighting the need for immediate and targeted intervention of these functions. Contextual factors that influenced the performance of neuropsychological skills were also considered. Social Isolation; Flexibility; Return to School; Children; Elementary School; Cognition; Family Environment

Purpose The objective of this study was analyzed the neuropsychological functions of students from a public school in Brazil, enrolled in the 1st and 2nd year of Elementary School at the time of the reopening of schools during the COVID-19 pandemic and to access the influence of family and contextual information on the performance of these skills. Methods 117 students participated in the study, as well as their parents or guardians. The children were evaluated in person using the Brief Child Neuropsychological Assessment Instrument (NEUPSILIN-Inf). The parents/guardians answered remotely the Inventory of Resources of the Family Environment and questions about socioeconomic classification and maternal education. Results The data showed a high prevalence of children who had problems or deficits in the functions of orientation, memory, language, visuospatial skills, arithmetic skills and verbal fluency. Furthermore, predictable activities that signal some degree of stability in family life are predictors of children's performance in orientation skills and resources that promote proximal processes significantly reflect on language performance. The results suggest that children included in families with a household income below one Brazilian minimum monthly salary presented poorer inhibitory control performances. Conclusion The impact of changes in neuropsychological skills in children's learning were presented and discussed, highlighting the need for immediate and targeted intervention of these functions. Contextual factors that influenced the performance of neuropsychological skills were also considered. Social Isolation; Flexibility; Return to School; Children; Elementary School; Cognition; Family Environment

Resumo Este estudo avalia o impacto da assistência técnica e extensão rural prestadas pelo Projeto Dom Hélder Câmara (PDHC II) no semiárido brasileiro, que teve como objetivos a redução dos níveis de pobreza e das desigualdades na região, qualificando os agricultores familiares para desenvolverem uma produção sustentável e estimulando a replicação de boas práticas agropecuárias. Utilizando o método “propensity score matching” foram analisados 16 diferentes indicadores das famílias atendidas e do grupo de controle, envolvendo rendas monetárias e não monetárias. Os resultados apontam que o programa logrou êxito em beneficiar famílias pobres ou extremamente pobres dessa região, levando assistência técnica e extensão rural e, para uma fração deles, o acesso ao Programa Fomento Rural. Além disso, o PDHC II atingiu seus objetivos de propiciar um incremento na produção agrícola e nos rendimentos dos beneficiários, com um impacto ainda mais proeminente entre aqueles que receberam os recursos de fomento produtivo. Pode-se concluir que a assistência técnica e extensão rural foram eficazes, beneficiando agricultores familiares pobres do semiárido brasileiro, tendo maior impacto quando associada aos recursos de fomento produtivo.

This study evaluates the impact of technical assistance and rural extension provided by the Dom Hélder Câmara Project (PDHC II) in the Brazilian semiarid region, which aimed to reduce the poverty levels and inequalities in the region, qualifying family farmers to develop sustainable production and encouraging the replication of good agricultural practices. Using the propensity score matching method, 16 different indicators of the assisted families and the control group were analyzed, involving monetary and nonmonetary incomes. The results indicate that the program was successful in benefiting poor or extremely poor families in this region, providing technical assistance and rural extension and, for a fraction of them, access to the Rural Funding Program. In addition, PDHC II achieved its objectives of providing an increase in agricultural production and in the income of the beneficiaries, with an even more prominent impact among those who received remittances from funding program. It can be concluded that technical assistance and rural extension were effective, benefiting poor family farmers in the Brazilian semiarid region and having a larger impact when associated with productive funding resources.

As Doenças Crônicas não Transmissíveis representam um problema de saúde pública a nível mundial, e são resultantes da combinação de distintos fatores de risco, a exemplo a prática insuficiente de atividade física e o uso excessivo de dispositivos eletrônicos. Identificar a frequência da prática de atividade física e do uso de dispositivos eletrônicos e televisão entre estudantes universitários. Trata-se de um estudo transversal com abordagem quantitativa realizado com 87 universitários de uma IES privada do Distrito Federal no segundo semestre de 2020. A coleta de dados foi realizada mediante questionário eletrônico estruturado. Para a análise dos dados foi utilizado a estatística descritiva através do software Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) versão 21.0. Observou-se que 63 (72,4%) estudantes relataram praticar algum tipo de atividade física nos últimos três meses. No que diz respeito a frequência da prática de atividade física, 53 (60,9%) discentes relataram praticar por pelo menos uma vez na semana, e 21 (24,1%) informaram a prática de 3 a 4 dias por semana. Quanto ao uso de dispositivos eletrônicos, observou-se que 80 (92,0%) discentes referiram utilizá-los em seu tempo livre, o tempo de uso mais relatado foi de 2-3 horas. Observou-se uma frequência elevada da utilização de dispositivos eletrônicos e da prática insuficiente de atividade física entre universitários durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Sendo assim, é crucial o estabelecimento de intervenções de promoção para adoção de hábitos de vida saudáveis para este grupo.

This study presents a methodology for compressing power system (PS) signals based on the Discrete Hartley Transform (DHT) and develops a computationally efficient approach for calculating power quality (PQ) parameters. Several algorithms are proposed for dynamic bit allocation for coefficient quantization of the DHT. The proposed algorithm was trialed on a real-world signal database and produced better results than those obtained using wavelet transforms. Several scenarios are investigated, and the comparative results are shown.

Resumo Este trabalho analisa a influência do apoio governamental na implementação da videovigilância, uma das ferramentas utilizáveis em cidades inteligentes, e o efeito desta no desempenho da segurança pública de Recife. De abordagem qualitativa, o locus foi o Centro Integrado (Ciods), que abarca as forças de segurança pública e oferta o serviço de videomonitoramento em Recife. A partir de entrevista com os operadores empregados na videovigilância, os resultados encontrados demonstram que o amparo governamental é essencial, porém, em Recife, ele é entendido como insuficiente ao emprego de inovações na segurança pública, em especial na tecnologia analisada. Ainda assim, conclui-se que a integração entre os órgãos no sistema de videovigilância favorece a expansão e a aplicabilidade do conceito de cidades inteligentes a Recife.

This paper analyzes the influence of government support on the implementation of video surveillance, one of the tools usable in smart cities, and the effect of this technology on the performance of public security in the city of Recife. With a qualitative approach, the study locus was the Integrated Center (CIODS), which encompasses the public security forces and provides the video monitoring service in Recife. Interviews were conducted with video surveillance operators. The results show that government support is essential; however, in Recife, it is understood as insufficient for the use of innovations in public security, especially concerning the technology analyzed here. It is concluded that integration between agencies in the video surveillance system favors the expansion and applicability of the concept of smart cities to Recife.