University of Bamberg

Transnational political interest is the sustained attention to politics in at least two polities. Why do some immigrant-origin citizens show high levels of political interest in both their host countries and their familial countries of origin, some none, and others favour one over the other? With the 2017 Immigrant German Election Study, we describe the diverse patterns of transnational political interest among Germans from Turkey and their children, one of the largest immigrant-origin communities. We explicitly focus on the effects of three dimensions of integration and reveal that social integration has, by far, the strongest association with mean political interest. In addition, all dimensions of integration tilt the focus of political interest in favour of German politics, effects that are mediated by the individual identification with Germany and Turkey. Integration thus seems to activate immigrant-origin citizens into politics in general but tilts their transnational political interest towards host country politics.

According to psychological reactance theory, individuals who perceive a threat to or loss of valued behavior will experience reactance – an amalgam of anger and negative cognitions that motivates an effort to regain behavioral freedom. The limited effects of health communication interventions have often been attributed to psychological reactance, and previous research has tended to focus on how to design health messages that mitigate this phenomenon. However, the motivational nature of reactance suggests that it might also be used to promote health. When people learn that external influences circumvent a positive health behavior, this information may elicit reactance, motivating them to exhibit that behavior. This idea found support in the results of a preregistered experiment (N = 358), showing that participants were more willing to reduce meat consumption when they experienced reactance after reading about how the food industry undermines self-determined dietary decisions. The findings indicate that harnessing reactance to leverage behavior change may offer a promising alternative to established communication strategies.

Based on nationally representative panel data (N person-years = 40,020; N persons = 18,704; Panel Labour Market and Social Security; PASS) from 2018 to 2022, we investigate how mental health changed during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. We employ time-distributed fixed effects regressions to show that mental health (Mental Health Component Summary Score of the SF-12) decreased from the first COVID-19 wave in 2020 onward, leading to the most pronounced mental health decreases during the Delta wave, which began in August 2021. In the summer of 2022, mental health had not returned to baseline levels. An analysis of the subdomains of the mental health measure indicates that long-term negative mental health changes are mainly driven by declines in psychological well-being and calmness. Furthermore, our results indicate no clear patterns of heterogeneity between age groups, sex, income, education, migrant status, childcare responsibilities or pre-COVID-19 health status. Thus, the COVID-19 pandemic appears to have had a uniform effect on mental health in the German adult population and did not lead to a widening of health inequalities in the long run.

This study examines how digitalization in management accounting and control (MAC) impacts corporate performance mediated by budgeting and operational planning. Using survey data from German management accountants, a mediated regression analysis reveals that digitalization has a positive effect on corporate performance through improved planning and budgeting. The findings underscore the importance of aligning technology, processes, and MAC tools to enhance performance. This study fills a gap in understanding the indirect effects of digitalization in MAC, offering valuable insights for both scholars and practitioners.

Toni Morrison seems to base her magical realism on the belief system of the African American cultural group, and her stories are strongly influenced by African American oral culture and mythology. In Beloved, she uses the magical realist technique to talk about the cruelty of slavery, to reinterpret the official history of white slave-owners and put an alternative history from the perspective of the slaves. It is not only the story of the protagonist Sethe, who killed her daughter in order to save her from the cruelty of slavery, but also the composite story of all slaves and their quest for freedom, and even of those who died in the ‘Middle Passage’ during their journey by slave ships. Morrison uses the magical realist device of a ghost named Beloved who is the embodiment of collective memories of black community and who, by reminding Sethe and other ex-black slaves of their past, allows them to tell their own story and to create their own version of history, and thus enables them to assert their identity which was lost through slavery. By dealing with historical issues critically and trying to cure historical wounds, magical realism in the novels mirrors history as well as strives to change it.

Metacognitive processes are crucial components of self-regulatory ability. The study examined the developmental relationship between metacognitive monitoring and reading comprehension using longitudinal data from the National Educational Panel Study (NEPS) in Germany. We used a cross-lagged panel analysis – in the framework of Structural Equation Modeling–to examine the reciprocal relationship between metacognitive monitoring (assessed as a retrospective judgement of one’s performance) and reading comprehension at three time points: grades 5, 7, and 9. For the overall group of participants, we consistently found longitudinal reciprocal effects between metacognitive monitoring and reading comprehension from grade 5 to 7 and grade 7 to 9. This implies monitoring accuracy leads to higher reading comprehension over time and vice versa. Although the accuracy of students’ judgement was positively and reciprocally related to reading comprehension, a multi-group cross-lagged panel analyses showed that excessive underestimation appeared to have a more hindering effect than excessive overestimation on later reading comprehension. However, moderate underestimation might be less detrimental than excessive overestimation. In addition to shedding light on the scientific debate on the complex developmental interplay between reading comprehension and metacognitive monitoring, theoretical and practical implications of the results are provided.

Designers rely on many methods and strategies to create innovative designs. However, design research often overlooks the personality and attitudinal factors influencing method utility and effectiveness. This article defines and operationalizes the construct design mindset and introduces the Design Mindset Inventory ( D-Mindset0.1 ), allowing us to measure and leverage statistical analyses to advance our understanding of its role in design. The inventory’s validity and reliability are evaluated by analyzing a large sample of engineering students ( N = 473). Using factor analysis, we identified four underlying factors of D-Mindset0.1 related to the theoretical concepts: Conversation with the Situation , Iteration , Co-Evolution of Problem–Solution and Imagination. The latter part of the article finds statistical and theoretically meaningful relationships between design mindset and the three design-related constructs of sensation-seeking , self-efficacy and ambiguity tolerance. Ambiguity tolerance and self-efficacy emerge as positively correlated with design mindset. Sensation-seeking , which is only significantly correlated with subconstructs of D-Mindset0.1 , is both negatively and positively correlated. These relationships lend validity D-Mindset0.1 and, by drawing on previously established relationships between the three personality traits and specific behaviors, facilitate further investigations of what its subconstructs capture.

While many scholars expect people's ideological orientations to drive their beliefs regarding the legitimacy of international organizations (IOs), research has found surprisingly limited support for this common assumption. In this article we resolve this puzzle by introducing the perceived ideological profile of IOs as a critical factor shaping the relationship between ideological orientation and such beliefs. Theoretically, we argue that citizens accord IOs greater legitimacy when they perceive these organizations as ideologically more congruent with their own orientations. Empirically, we evaluate this expectation by combining observational and experimental analyses of new survey evidence from four countries: Brazil, Germany, Indonesia, and the United States. We find that citizens indeed perceive IOs as having particular ideological profiles and that those perceptions systematically moderate the relationship between people's ideological orientations and their sense of IOs’ legitimacy. These findings suggest that political ideology is a more powerful driver of legitimacy beliefs in global governance than previously understood.

Systematic cross-national analyses of political debates on the admission of refugees and asylum seekers require a theoretically coherent and empirically comprehensive typology of frames and arguments used. The paper proposes such a typology of frames and arguments used by governments, opposition parties and social movements in public debates on the admission of refugees. We argue that the collective identity and characteristics of the receiving country on the one hand and refugees’ characteristics on the other constitute the key dimensions to which frames in political discourse about the admission of refugees refer. We distinguish between six different frames – economic, cultural, moral, legal, security-related and international – of how the “we” and the “others” can be interpreted. Furthermore, we specify typical arguments associated with the respective frames for or against the admission of refugees. Given that the typology was developed based on a discourse analysis of a very diverse set of countries, including some of the so-called “Global South”, we claim that it can be used to analyze political debates on the admission of refugees in other countries as well and can thus contribute to an accumulation of knowledge.

In diesem Beitrag werden Daten der Erwachsenenkohorte des Nationalen Bildungspanels reanalysiert und es wird untersucht, mit welchen nach-haltigkeitsbezogenen Lernthemen sich Erwachsene informell beschäftigen und wel-che Rolle dabei soziale Ungleichheitskategorien spielen. Dazu wurden insgesamt 17.395 offene Angaben aus vier Erhebungswellen entlang eines zuvor entwickelten Kategoriensystems kodiert und ausgewertet (n = 6793). Die Befunde der logistischen Regressionsanalyse deuten darauf hin, dass die Chance, sich mit nachhaltigkeitsbe-zogenen Themen zu beschäftigen, von Geschlecht, Alter, Bildungsgrad, Einkommen sowie beruflichem Status abhängt. Darüber hinaus zeigen sich soziale Unterschiede hinsichtlich der Themen.

Faking in self-report personality scales (SRPSs) is not sufficiently understood. This limits its detection and prevention. Here, we introduce a taxonomy of faking behaviors that constitute faking strategies in SRPSs, reflecting the stages (comprehension, retrieval, judgment, and response) of the general response process model (GRPM). We reanalyzed data from two studies investigating the faking of high and low scores on Extraversion (E) and Need for Cognition (NFC) scales (Data Set 1; N = 305) or on an E scale (Data Set 2; N = 251). Participants were asked to explain exactly what they did to fake, and their responses (N = 533) were examined via a qualitative content analysis. The resulting taxonomy included 22 global and 13 specific behaviors that (in combination) constitute faking strategies in SRPSs. We organized the behaviors into four clusters along the stages of the GRPM. The behaviors held irrespective of the construct (E or NFC), and with two exceptions, also irrespective of the data set (Data Sets 1 or 2). Eight exceptions concerning faking direction (high or low) indicate direction-specific differences in faking behaviors. Respondents reported using not only different faking behaviors (e.g., role-playing, behaviors to avoid being detected) but also multiple combinations thereof. The suggested taxonomy is necessarily limited to the specified context, and, thus, additional faking behaviors are possible. To fully understand faking, further research in other contexts should be conducted to complement the taxonomy. Still, the complexity shown here explains why adequate detection and prevention of faking in SRPSs is so challenging.

Background Diabetes ranks among the most common chronic conditions in childhood and adolescence. It is unique among chronic conditions, in that clinical outcomes are intimately tied to how the child or adolescent living with diabetes and their parents or carers react to and implement good clinical practice guidance. It is widely recognized that the individual's perspective about the impact of trying to manage the disease together with the burden of self‐management should be addressed to achieve optimal health outcomes. Standardized, rigorous assessment of behavioural and mental health outcomes is crucial to aid understanding of person‐reported outcomes alongside, and in interaction with, physical health outcomes. Whilst tempting to conceptualize person‐reported outcomes as a focus on perceived quality of life, the reality is that health‐related quality of life is multi‐dimensional and covers indicators of physical or functional health status, psychological well‐being and social well‐ being. Methods In this context, this Consensus Statement has been developed by a collection of experts in diabetes to summarize the central themes and lessons derived in the assessment and use of person‐reported outcome measures in relation to children and adolescents and their parents/carers, helping to provide a platform for future standardization of these measures for research studies and routine clinical use. Results This consensus statement provides an exploration of person‐reported outcomes and how to routinely assess and incorporate into clincial research.

Zusammenfassung Die Nachhaltigkeitsdiskussion ist in den letzten Jahren immer mehr in den Fokus der Berufsbildung gerückt. Einerseits beeinflusst die sozio-ökologische Transformation die Berufsbildung, anderseits braucht ihre Umsetzung die Berufsbildung, speziell die betriebliche Weiterbildung. Jedoch wird der dazugehörige theoretische und empirische Diskurs bisher nur marginal geführt. In diesem Beitrag werden in einem vertiefenden Mixed-Methods-Design quantitative Betriebsdaten mit qualitativen Interviewdaten verknüpft, um unter anderem der Frage nachzugehen, wie die betriebliche Weiterbildungsorientierung mit dem betrieblichen Nachhaltigkeitsengagement zusammenhängt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass betriebliche Weiterbildungsorientierung und das Nachhaltigkeitsengagement von und in Betrieben positiv zusammenhängen. Neben der betrieblichen Weiterbildung sind jedoch auch andere Betriebsbereiche und -aktivitäten zur Umsetzung der betrieblichen Nachhaltigkeitsziele gefragt, wie beispielsweise das Controlling oder die Logistik.