Universitas Djuanda

Ecopreneurship is about producing environmentally friendly products and technologies, where innovation and market orientation align with sustainability and ecological awareness. Ecopreneurship is important because environmental innovation is a potential competitive advantage. However, there are still many parties who do not know, understand, apply, and practice the principles of ecopreneurship properly, which can create sustainable businesses. No comprehensive research on ecopreneurship principles has been conducted. The purpose of this study is to comprehensively explore the principles of ecopreneurship for sustainable business practices. This research uses a library research method using critical analysis techniques. Researchers review various reputable references that discuss ecopreneurship, then conduct an in-depth analysis of ecopreneurship to find its principles. After many ecopreneurship principles were discovered, these ecopreneurship principles were then categorized into main principles. The research results explain that ecopreneurship concept is based on three pillars, namely: innovation, concern for the environment, and long-term sustainability. The research results found 28 ecopreneurship principles which were categorized into 6 main principles: environmental principles, business principles, ethical principles, benefit to society principles, circular economy principles, and sustainable principles. By implementing ecopreneurship principles comprehensively, it will contribute to community development (through the benefit to society principles). This will create a circular economic model (through the circular economy principles), so that it will increase sustainable business (through sustainable principles). This research can be used as a practical recommendation for entrepreneurs and policy makers, and it is hoped that future research areas can investigate how the principles of ecopreneurship are applied in various industries.

We propose a nonlinear-optics-based nanosensor to detect malachite green (MG) contaminants on semiconductor interfaces such as silicon (Si). Applying the simplified bond hyperpolarizability model (SBHM), we simplified the second-harmonic generation (SHG) analysis of an MG-Si(111) surface and were able to validate our model by reproducing experimental rotational anisotropy (RA) SHG experiments. For the first time, density functional theory (DFT) calculations using ultrasoft pseudopotentials were implemented to obtain the molecular configuration and bond vector orientation required by the SBHM to investigate and predict the second-harmonic generation contribution for an MG-Si 001 surface. We show that the SBHM model significantly reduces the number of independent components in the nonlinear tensor of the MG-Si(111) interface, opening up the possibility for real-time and non-destructive contaminant detection at the nanoscale. In addition, we derive an explicit formula for the SHG far field, demonstrating its applicability for various input polarization angles. Finally, an RASHG signal can be enhanced through a simulated photonic crystal cavity up to 4000 times for more sensitivity of detection. Our work can stimulate more exploration using nonlinear optical methods to detect and analyze surface-bound contaminants, which is beneficial for environmental monitoring, especially for mitigating pollution from textile dyes, and underscores the role of nonlinear optics in real-time ambient-condition applications.

Objective: The evaluation of frozen semen quality is an essential aspect in determining male fertility for artificial insemination programs. This study aims to evaluate the characteristics of Friesian Holstein (FH) bull-frozen semen in different classes (proven and unproven) based on protein profiling and molecular evaluation. Materials and Methods: This study used frozen semen straws from FH bulls selected according to criteria for proven (6 individuals) and unproven (6 individuals) bulls produced by the Singosari AI Center (AIC). Sperm motility parameters were assessed using Computer Assisted Semen Analysis (CASA Supervision ®, Germany), while sperm viability and abnormality were evaluated through eosin-nigrosin staining under a microscope at 400´ magnifications. The integrity of the sperm plasma membrane was determined using the hypoosmotic swelling test, and acrosome integrity was analyzed using the fluorescein isothiocyanate PNA-propidium iodide staining method. Protamine deficiency was quantified using Chromomycin A3 fluorescence staining, while DNA fragmentation was assessed using the acridine orange technique. Results: The findings demonstrated that there were no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) in the assessed parameters of frozen semen quality between FH-proven and unproven bulls. Furthermore, in FH-proven bulls, a negative correlation was observed between protamine deficiency and acrosome integrity (r = −0.528) and between protamine deficiency and sperm DNA fragmentation (r = −0.467). The parameters of protamine deficiency in unproven bulls exhibited a positive correlation with sperm progressive motility. Conclusion: The frozen semen quality of FH bulls in different classes (proven and unproven) was found to be equally good. Molecular-based analysis allows for a more accurate determination of semen quality. These findings are significant for bull breeding stations when comprehensively evaluating semen quality.

Background: Prebiotic biscuits are biscuits made from composite flour consisting of plaintain hump flour, yellow sweet potato flour, black soybean flour and black soybean sprouts flour. The combination of the resulting composite flour is known to have a higher nutritional value when compared to wheat flour. However, prebiotic biscuits contain certain ingredients such as protein or food fiber whose structure must be known in advance to modify their functional properties after consumption. Objective: The evaluation of protein quality was carried out to determine the effect of giving “BonnisA” prebiotic biscuits with different protein sources in increasing the quality of protein in Vivo. Methods: Research method used was experimental which was analyzed descriptively with 4 treatments 5 times. The object used in this experiment are male wistar rats (Sprague Dawley) weighing 150 - 220 g, and the treatments were given were black soybean flour prebiotic biscuits, prebiotic biscuits with black soybean sprouts flour, standard rations and egg white flour. Results: The results obtained showed that the highest increase in body weight of rats was treated with the prebiotic biscuit BonnisA black soybean flour of 13.29%. Furthermore, the evaluation of protein quality on rats was increased in black soybean flour prebiotic biscuits based on true digestibility (TD) (99.21%), biological values (BV) (99.25%), and net protein utilization (NPU) (98.47%).Conclusions: The evaluation of protein quality showed that there was a significant difference (p <0.05) between the provision of black soybean flour prebiotic biscuits and prebiotic biscuits with black soybean sprouts flour and standard rations and egg white flour at true digestibility (TD), biological values (BV) and Net Protein Utilization (NPU).Keywords : Prebiotic biscuits, Evaluation of protein quality, In Vivo

Changes in the existence of mangroves will have an impact on changes in food webs in their respective areas. The purpose of this study was to determine the food source of the macrozoobenthos community within the Lubuk Damar mangrove ecosystem. Stable isotopes, carbon and nitrogen were used to describe the food sources for macrozoobenthos in the mangrove ecosystem of the Lubuk Damar Ecosystem, Aceh Tamiang, Indonesia. The stable isotope analysis of 13C and 15N was carried out using Isotopic-Ratio Mass Spectrometry. Potential food sources at the study site based on stable isotope ratios ranged between –29.08‰ to –20.66‰ (?13C) and 4.07‰ to 5.63‰ (?15N); macrozoobenthos –25.00‰ to –14.76‰ (?13C) and 5.59‰ to 7.73‰ (?15N). The potential food sources tested at the study site consisted of seven sources, but not all food sources in the ecosystem were consumed by the invertebrate community. This study shows that mangrove leaf litter serves as a food source for some invertebrates, such as the bivalves, gastropods, polychaetes, sipunculans, brachiopods and crustaceans. The results of this study evidence that the examined mangrove ecosystem has a function as a provider of food sources in the surrounding waters, therefore its existence is very important supporting diversity of coastal waters.

This study aims to investigate the effects of welding on the fatigue and crack behavior of ASTM A36 steel, a low-carbon steel commonly used in various applications, particularly in pressure vessel transport tanks for preventing environmental and health problems due to liquid petroleum gas (LPG) transport tank leaks. This research evaluates the influence of welding on the material’s properties through various testing methodologies, including impact and fatigue tests. The impact tests were conducted using the Charpy V-Notch method, while fatigue tests employed the repeated bending method. The specimens were subjected to testing at different temperatures and angles to evaluate their performance under various conditions. The findings indicate that welding introduces weaknesses in the material, affecting its impact energy and fatigue life. Visual observations and metallographic examinations further revealed the fracture characteristics and microstructural changes in welded and non-welded specimens.

The application of Scirpus grossus (SG) fiber as a sound absorber is important to reduce the level of noise affected the physical and mental wellbeing of people. The sound absorption coefficient (SAC) and noise reduction coefficient (NRC) of the SG specimen were evaluated based on a typical model-based design using the data analysis with MATLAB. The results showed that SG specimen with a thickness of 20 mm coated with the perforated aluminum sheet (PAS) compared to that without coating can improve the capability of sound absorption by 14% at the frequency of 4000 Hz. SG specimen coated with PAS that has a NRC value of 0.39 can absorb 39% of sound and thus reflects 61% of sound wave while SG specimen without coating that has a NRC value of 0.23 absorbs 23% of sound and can reflect 77% of sound wave. The sound absorption class of D for SG specimen coated with PAS should be better that of E for SG specimen without coating, which permits us to get better understanding on the applications of SG fiber as a sound adsorber in the future.

This research aims to identify potential areas for future sociological research related to artificial intelligence (AI). The study used bibliometric analysis methods and the VosViewer pro- gram to process data. The data analyzed included 31 articles related to "sociology" and "artificial intelligence," and 1,277 articles pertinent to "social" and "artificial intelligence," all published on ScienceDirect between 2003 and 2023. Network visualization, overlay, and density analysis were used to process the data. This revealed that current sociological re- search on AI only covers five topics - artificial intelligence, sociology, technology, affects, and artificial intelligence. However, social research on AI has identified 100 topics across five datasets, with almost all research being conducted within the past decade. It is noteworthy that "sociology" is not among these 100 topics. However, these 100 topics have the potential to become sociological research subjects by applying sociological principles. The research findings suggest that sociologists can publish their scientific documents in 3,800 journals and books published by Elsevier, indicating a high probability of acceptance. Furthermore, the topics can be framed from a sociological perspective, thus providing greater insight on the subjects and potentially opening up the door to more publications by the sociologists.

The demand for halal gelatin is increasing, but the supply is decreasing. One solution to this problem is to produce halal gelatin from fishing waste, particularly catfish skin. A study was conducted to determine the impact of adding acid to the gelatin extraction process. Citric and acetic acid were used at concentrations of 0.05%, 0.075%, and 0.1%. The yield of gelatin varied from 14.97% to 24.1% depending on the concentration of acid used. The highest yield was obtained using a concentrated solution of acetic acid. Gelatin extracted using a citric acid concentration of 0.075% had the lowest water content. The pH of the solution ranged from 4 to 5, and the viscosity ranged from 10 to 14 MPa. The resulting gelatin exhibited a strength of between 200 and 259 blooms. The production process that used acetic acid on immersion was the most efficient because it resulted in high quantities of gelatin, low water content and viscosity, and good gel strength.

The application of remote sensing data has been significant in modeling soil erosion. However, previous studies have fallen short in elucidating and lacked an understanding of the multifactor influencing erosion. This study addresses these limitations by employing the InVEST and the Geodetector models. Specifically, it aims (1) to delineate both spatial and temporal variations in soil erosion within the Citarum watershed from 2010 to 2020, (2) to identify the key drivers of soil erosion and unravel the underlying mechanisms, and (3) to identify the high-risk zones for soil erosion. Both models consider a range of natural predictors, including topography (slope factor), climate (precipitation factor), and vegetation cover (vegetation factor). In addition, they incorporate social parameters such as income per capita and population density, which interact with the watershed’s position in the downstream, middle, and upper streams. The results reveal that, over a decade, the average soil erosion increased by 15.50 × 106 tons, marking a 16.65% surge. The impact of factors varies significantly across different subwatershed areas. For example, fraction vegetation cover interactions influence upper- and middle-stream regions, while the downstream area is notably affected by precipitation interactions. The high-risk erosion areas in the watershed are primarily influenced by slope, precipitation, and fractional vegetation cover. In these areas, factors causing high erosion risks include slope, precipitation, and other environmental variables categorized into strata. The study highlights the varying influential factors in different watershed areas.

Objective To determine the correlation between the molecular weight (MW) of proteins in seminal plasma and spermatozoa and the quality of fresh and frozen semen production in Pasundan bulls. Materials and methods Nine selected Pasundan bulls, aged 5–10 years, from the Regional Artificial Insemination Center at Ciamis, West Java, Indonesia, were used in the study, with fresh semen sperm motility ≥70% and <70%. We analyzed the motility, viability, integrity of the intact plasma membrane (IPM), and the morphological characteristics of spermatozoa. 1D-SDS-PAGE analysis was performed to determine the protein profile by assessing MW, depicted as bands on the gel. Results The motility, viability, and IPM of spermatozoa had lower values (p < 0.05) in Pasundan bulls named Bagaskara and Kertarajasa compared to the other bulls. Proteins with MW 35–50 kDa were not detected in the seminal plasma of Pasundan bulls, exhibiting low quality in fresh semen. The correlation analysis showed that the non-detected proteins with MW 35–50 kDa in seminal plasma correlated with spermatozoa motility (r = 0.421), viability (r = 0.424), and IPM (r = 0.428) so that fresh semen quality was low in both Pasundan bulls. Analysis of semen volume, spermatozoa concentration, and spermatozoa motility showed that the average frozen semen production of Pasundan bulls per ejaculate was 128.73 ± 15.35 straws. Conclusion Protein analysis based on MW is a predictive indicator for the quality of fresh semen and the production of frozen semen in Pasundan bulls. Evaluation parameters of fresh semen quality by MW analysis can be used to select Pasundan bulls in Indonesia.

The Climate Smart Generation Community (GCI) is an example of a group of agents of change in the field of climate change who carry out social movement activities in the community to invite them to adapt, mitigate and save the environment. The Climate Smart Generation Community be an object of this research because it is a community that operates in the field of climate change through preventive and curative education for children to increase understanding of disaster mitigation and build the character of loving the environment from an early age. In social movements, politics is one of the supporting factors for inhibitors. This research using qualitative methods and constant comparative data analysis. Distance research data collection techniques support data collection through semi-structured interviews. The data collected is in the form of answers submitted by informants. The collected research data is then grouped, categorized, and themed into key terms, terms of equal value. These key terms are then connected, analyzed, and combined with existing research results as a form of support or refutation. This research found that political constellations at the regional to national levels did not significantly influence the movements carried out by GCI. In contrast to these conditions, local-level political stakeholders such as the RT to the Village Government provide support from permits to facilities in activities. Gatherings and proposals are the medium of communication used to gain local government support. Messages are one of the weapons for GCI to seek and gain support from political entities. The message regarding requests for sources and delivery of work programs to political entities, especially the government, was succesed. Not only getting support from seeds from the government, but GCI also gets support for access to other agencies and funding support through the competition process. Winning the race also resulted in trust from political entities.

This paper reviewed the impacts of climate change on the management of the water sector in Malaysia discussing the current status of water resources, water service, and water-related disasters. The implementation of engineering practices was discussed to provide the detailed assessment of climate change impacts, risks, and adaptation for sustainable development. The narrative methods of reviewing the literatures were used to get an understanding on the engineering practices of water infrastructures, implication of the government policies, and several models as the main motivation behind the concept of integrated water resource management to contribute as part of the sustainable development goals to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all. The findings of this review highlighted the impacts of climate change on the rivers, sea, lakes, dams, and groundwater affecting the availability of water for domestic and industrial water supplies, irrigation, hydropower, and fisheries. The impacts of climate change on the water-related disasters have been indicated affecting drought-flood abrupt alternation and water pollution. Challenges of water management practices facing climate change should be aware of the updated intensity–duration–frequency curves, alternative sources of water, effective water demand management, efficiency of irrigation water, inter-basin water transfer, and nonrevenue water. The transferability of this review findings contribute to an engagement with the society and policy makers to mobilize for climate change adaptation in the water sector.

In general, the process of examining industrial relations dispute cases at the District Court level must take between 8 and 10 days. One of the ways to achieve the principles of fast, simple, and low-cost civil procedure law is through Acte van Dading (conciliation decisions). The researchers is interested in studying the implementation of Acte van Dading for the settlement of industrial relations in Indonesia in relation to Indonesian positive law. The approach method used in this study is normative juridical, that is legal research that examines applicable legal provisions using primary, secondary, and tertiary data. Based on the research, the decisions made in the panel of judges must decide on the entire dispute that is being disputed by a settlement decision that has gone through several stages of industrial relations dispute settlement. The settlement agreement made by workers and employers before a panel of judges must be written and set out in an Acte van Dading. The advantage of this Act Van Dading, the panel of judges considered that it is very possible for disputes to be reconciled in addition to achieving the principles of fast, simple, and low-cost as well as reducing the accumulation of cases in court. The researchers recommendation is to increase legal awareness from both the government, employers and workers’ unions to socialize the settlement of industrial relations disputes using Acte van Dading. Other recommendations require independent mediators or experienced legal experts to help achieve a just and mutually beneficial settlement for all parties involved.

The advance of molecular quantum biophysics has opened the path towards a deeper understanding of the microscopic mechanism behind free radicals activity that are responsible for cell damages and oxidative stress. In this work, we perform an \textit{ab-initio} analysis on the antioxidant activity of three flavonoid compounds e.g. hesperetin, quercetin, and naringenin in lime (\textit{Citrus aurantifolia}). We study the antioxidant capabilities of these compounds to understand the quantum mechanical mechanism in combating free radicals in the framework of Density-Functional Theory (DFT) using B3LYP exchange-correlation and def2/SVP basis sets. We found via vibrational frequency calculations, that the antioxidant behaviors of these molecules predominantly arise from hydrogen atom transfer, single electron transfer followed by proton transfer, and sequential proton loss electron transfer mechanisms. Our calculations also show that quercetin showcased superior antioxidant activity compared to hesperetin and naringenin based on their bond dissociation energy, ionization potential + proton dissociation enthalpy, and proton affinity + electron transfer enthalpy values at the C9-OH group, with values of 295.29 kJ/mol, 81.88 kJ/mol, and 81.88 kJ/mol for quercetin respectively. An in-depth look into the antioxidant properties, using global reactivity parameters also affirmed quercetin's preeminence in antioxidant characteristics over hesperetin and naringenin, excelling in nearly all considered parameters, though hesperetin's chemical potential stood out at -3.51 eV.

Health facilitators (IHT cadres/posyandu and village midwives) play a strategic role in preventing stunting. This study aims to uncover how health facilitators strengthen family awareness using Aristotle's persuasive analysis. Primary data were collected using in-depth interview techniques with informants determined by the purposive sampling method. Secondary data were collected by observation techniques during the interaction process between health facilitators and target groups and literature studies. Next, the data was encoded and analysed with Aristotle's three persuasive concepts: ethos, pathos, and logos. The results showed that health facilitators interacted directly with the target group through two important moments: during health checks at posyandu, and sweeping people's homes. The facilitator's knowledge is sourced from MCH books and other valid references. In conclusion, the facilitator applies interpersonal communication (counseling) to reinforce consciousness of the target group, which is reinforced by Aristotle's persuasion techniques: ethos, pathos, and logos. Through direct interaction, they convince and change family views, beliefs, and behaviours to comply with stunting guidelines. Facilitators promoted three key messages in strengthening consciousness: maternal and child health, healthy behaviours and lifestyles, and environmental health.

The mangrove ecosystem in Bintan Regency provides many benefits, both directly and indirectly, for the people around it. Mangrove ecosystem services also vary and play a role in adaptation and mitigation processes in the face of climate change. Oil pollution that occurs every year in Bintan Regency has a negative impact both ecologically and economically. This research aims to estimate the value of mangrove ecosystem services in the East and North Coastal Areas of Bintan Island, which can be used as a basis for the management of the Area. The data collection method used was a survey using a questionnaire on fishermen, tourists, tourism managers, and the surrounding community. In addition, it also collects some secondary data to support data analysis. The results of the study state that the estimated economic value of mangrove ecosystem services is IDR. 135,663,899,478.30/year from a mangrove area of 4354.11 ha. The economic value consists of providing services by 61%, regulatory services by 21%, supporting services by 2%, and cultural services by 16%. The economic value of the mangrove ecosystem services in the coastal area of Bintan Island, Indonesia, has significant implications for policy-making related to mangrove conservation, social welfare, and environmental damage claims. The research provides evidence of the economic value of mangroves, which can be used to support policies and claims aimed at protecting these crucial ecosystems and the benefits they provide to local communities.

Islands offer exclusive prisms for an experimental investigation of biodiversity x ecosystem function interplay. Given that species in upper trophic layers, e.g., arthropod predators, experience a comparative disadvantage on small, isolated islands, such settings can help to clarify how predation features within biotic resistance equations. Here, we use observational and manipulative studies on a chain of nine Indonesian islands to quantify predator-mediated biotic resistance against the cassava mealybug Phenacoccus manihoti (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae) and the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Across island settings, a diverse set of generalist lacewing, spider and ladybeetle predators aggregates on P. manihoti infested plants, attaining max. (field-level) abundance levels of 1.0, 8.0 and 3.2 individuals per plant, respectively. Though biotic resistance—as imperfectly defined by a predator/prey ratio index—exhibits no inter-island differences, P. manihoti population regulation is primarily provided through an introduced monophagous parasitoid. Meanwhile, resident predators, such as soil-dwelling ants, inflict apparent mortality rates up to 100% for various S. frugiperda life stages, which translates into a 13- to 800-fold lower S. frugiperda survivorship on small versus large islands. While biotic resistance against S. frugiperda is ubiquitous along the island chain, its magnitude differs between island contexts, seasons and ecological realms, i.e., plant canopy vs. soil surface. Hence, under our experimental context, generalist predators determine biotic resistance and exert important levels of mortality even in biodiversity-poor settings. Given the rapid pace of biodiversity loss and alien species accumulation globally, their active conservation in farmland settings (e.g., through pesticide phasedown) is pivotal to ensuring the overall resilience of production ecosystems.