Universitas Hang Tuah

Background Brugada syndrome (BrS) is a rare cardiac channelopathy linked to an increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias (VA) and sudden cardiac death. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA), particularly epicardial ablation, is recommended for BrS patients with recurrent VA unresponsive to conventional treatments like implantable cardioverter‐defibrillators (ICD) and quinidine. This study aims to evaluate the long‐term efficacy of epicardial RFA in preventing VA recurrence in BrS. Methods A systematic search of PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, and ProQuest databases was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Studies on RFA for VA in BrS were included. Primary outcomes were VA recurrence and all‐cause mortality. Statistical analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.4. Results Epicardial, endocardial, and combined ablation strategies effectively reduced VA recurrence, decreased ICD shocks, and improved clinical outcomes in BrS. Epicardial ablation RFA near coronary arteries showed a notable reduction in VA recurrence, while endocardial ablation remained a viable alternative. Meta‐analysis revealed a significant reduction in VA recurrence (RR 0.17; 95% CI 0.07–0.43; p < .0001) and ICD shocks (RR 0.13; 95% CI 0.04–0.44; p = .001). Subgroup analysis suggested greater VA reduction with epicardial ablation, though without statistical significance. Conclusion Epicardial RFA is associated with a significant reduction in recurrent VAs (83%) and ICD shock rates (87%) in patients with BrS. The procedure demonstrates a favorable long‐term safety profile, with no mortality reported in the included studies.

The role of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia is highly impactful on the economy. In 2023, MSMEs experienced significant growth, indicating increased competition within the sector. To remain competitive, utilizing social media as a marketing tool is crucial. Social media nowadays is not only being used for entertainment but has also become a key platform for business promotion. One commonly adopted strategy is content marketing. An example of an MSME applying this strategy on Instagram is Raja Pisang Keju Arjuna Pusat. This study aims to analyze the implementation of content marketing by Raja Pisang Keju Arjuna Pusat in building customer engagement. The research applied a qualitative method with a case study approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews on 12 informants consisting of the management of Raja Pisang Keju Arjuna Pusat MSME and its customers, observation, and document analysis. The findings reveal that the content marketing process is conducted through ten stages: Identifying the Goal or Objective, Defining the Audience, Understanding How the Audience Buys, Choosing Your Content Niche, Developing Your Content Marketing Mission Statement, Building an Editorial Calendar, Creating and Distributing the Content, Promoting the Content, Measuring Content Performance, and Optimizing Content. This strategy effectively fosters customer engagement, which includes affective, cognitive, and behavioral dimensions. Affective engagement stems from consumer enthusiasm and satisfaction, cognitive engagement from an interest in the content and its information, while behavioral engagement is reflected in actions such as sharing and supporting the content.

Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a major challenge for people living with HIV (PLWH). The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the six criteria for a phone-based intervention program for PLWH in Indonesia using a mixed methods feasibility study design. PLWH were included who took ART for at least 3 months, who had a cell phone, access to the internet, and the WhatsApp application. Thirty eligible respondents completed demographic information and shared their daily ART frequency during the enrolment visit. Motivational and health promotion messages were sent in the form of text message, images, and video links 30 min before their scheduled medication time for 3 months (October-December 2020). All respondents were retained until the end of the program. Necessity: Identified a need to be reminded when their ARTs were due. Feasibility: The participants were used to WhatsApp in their daily lives. Acceptability: The respondents responded well to the messages. Safety: None of the respondents experienced a mental distress due to involuntary HIV disclosure or stigma. Fidelity: The program delivered 79 to 91% of the messages. Challenges of the phone-based program centred around technical issues, human error user error, and environmental problems. Cost: The program could be delivered for less than $3 a day. The program met the six criteria for a useful intervention and can be applied to promote adherence to ART in remote regions of Indonesia.

Background Eucheuma cottonii (EC) is a seaweed contains active compounds of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and triterpenoids as antioxidants. Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a chemical widely consumed as a flavor enhancer. The use of MSG in large amounts and for long durations triggers organ damage, including the kidneys, which is currently still a debate. This study aims to prove whether EC extract can reduce kidney damage due to MSG induction. Methods This was an experimental animal study with probability sampling. Twenty-four Rattus norvegicus were divided into three groups: Group I without treatment, MSG-induced, Group II at 4 g/kg BW intragastric on the 7 th day for 14 days, and Group III was induced by MSG and given EC extract at 400 mg/kg body weight (BW) intragastric on the 10 th day via intragastric tube for 14 days. At the end of the study, blood samples of experimental animals were taken to examine blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine. Kolmogorov–Smirnov test and Levene’s test for homogeneity. Results MSG induction increased BUN levels but did not increase serum creatinine levels. The group induced by MSG and given EC extract compared to the group induced only by MSG showed no significant difference in all variables. Conclusion MSG induction at 4 g/kg intragastrically for 14 days increased BUN levels but did not increase serum creatinine levels. EC extracts at 400 mg/kg BW in R. norvegicus -induced MSG at 4 g/kg intragastrically for 14 days did not significantly reduce BUN and serum creatinine levels.

Background: Orthodontic treatment is relatively long and various efforts have been made to speed up orthodontic tooth movement. In orthodontic tooth movement, a periodontal tissue remodeling process occurs which involves osteoblastic and osteoclastic cells which are very sensitive to oxidative damage due to excessive ROS production. Natural antioxidants are a group of compounds that can neutralize or prevent free radicals. Mangosteen peel is a waste that contains nutritious chemical compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, xanthones, mangostin and garcinone. Flavonoids play an important role in eliminating oxidative stress by preventing ROS, protecting lipophilic antioxidants, and increasing enzymatic antioxidants. This research aimed to analyze the expression of BMP2, ALP, and FGF2, in the periodontal tissue remodeling process during orthodontic tooth movement after administration of mangosteen peel extract. Materials and Methods: This laboratory experimental study was conducted using 36 male Wistar rats. 36 wistar rats divided into 6 groups: control groups (C1, C2 and C3) : rats were given orthodontic mechanical force (OMF) for 1 weeks, 2 weeks and 3 weeks and treatment groups (T1, T2 and T3): rats were given OMF and mangosteen peel extract for 1 week, 2 weeks and 3 weeks. OMF in rats was carried out by means of the right maxillary first molars and on both maxillary incisors were given ligature wires. Then a 10-gr/cm force was applied to the maxillary left first molar tooth of all the rats, using a nickel‒titanium closed-coil spring 6 mm long.ligated between the maxillary incisors and the left first molar tooth. Observations were made on the day 8, day 15 and day 22 with immunohistochemical examinations to count the expression of BMP2, ALP and FGF2. Results: The expression of BMP 2, ALP and FGF 2 on day 8, day 15 and day 22 in the treatment group was greater than the control group (˂ 0.05). The highest amount of BMP2, ALP and FGF2 expression was in the 15th day group, while the lowest was in the 8th day group. An increase the expression of BMP2, ALP, and FGF2 occurred on day 15 and a decrease on day 22 (˂ 0.05). Conclusion: Mangosteen peel extract was able to increase the expression of BMP2, ALP and FGF2 in osteoblasts, so it can be developed as an alternative material to accelerate the process of remodeling tooth periodontal tissue and speed up orthodontic treatment

North Halmahera and Morotai are strategic regions in the North Maluku Islands, Indonesia, rich in marine biodiversity and with great potential in the maritime, trade, and fisheries sectors. These regions serve as crucial routes for maritime transportation and regional trade, making accurate information about the physical conditions of the sea, particularly wave height, essential for ensuring the safety and security of shipping lanes. This study aims to analyze the impact of the El-Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon on ocean wave heights in the waters of North Halmahera and Morotai during the period from 2012 to 2021. Additionally, the study measures the correlation between the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) and Significant Wave Height (SWH). The data used in this study include wave data from the Marine Copernicus platform and SOI data obtained from http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/enso/soi/. Three observation stations were selected in the waters of North Halmahera and Morotai to monitor changes and variations in SWH during the ENSO phenomenon. A correlation analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between SOI values and SWH at each observation station. The results indicate that during the El-Nino phase, wave heights decreased significantly at several stations, particularly at stations 1 and 3, with a negative correlation between SOI and SWH. Conversely, during the La-Nina phase, wave heights increased, especially at stations 2 and 3, showing a stronger positive correlation. The relationship between SOI and SWH varied depending on location and time period. This study concludes that ENSO has a significant impact on the variation in wave heights in the waters of North Halmahera and Morotai. These findings are important for supporting maritime safety and managing maritime activities in the region.

Background Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and bipolar disorder impose substantial global burdens on individuals and healthcare systems. Previous studies suggest a bidirectional association between GERD and bipolar disorder. By searching and reviewing the results of existing studies, this systematic review and meta-analysis aims to review the two-way relationship between GERD and bipolar disorder. Methods This study adhered to PRISMA Guidelines, including a comprehensive search of PubMed and Scopus for observational longitudinal studies. Quality (risk of bias) assessment employed the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, and RevMan version 5.3 facilitated meta-analysis. Results Five longitudinal studies (161888 patients) revealed a significant bidirectional link between GERD and bipolar disorder. Patients with GERD had a 2.29-fold higher risk of bipolar disorder (OR=2.29 [1.64, 3.21]; P<0.001), while individuals with bipolar disorder had a 2.80-fold higher risk of GERD (OR=2.80 [1.36, 5.76]; P=0.005). This study also identified independent risk factors, including sex, age under 60 years, and alcohol consumption disorders, influencing the occurrence of bipolar disorder in patients with GERD, as well as there is an influence of the number of psychoactive drugs in the occurrence of GERD in patients with bipolar disorder. Conclusion These findings highlight a bidirectional relationship between GERD and bipolar disorder, emphasizing the necessity for integrated care models and personalized treatment plans. The results underscore the importance of considering both gastrointestinal and mental health aspects in managing these interconnected conditions.

Background The Monkeypox Virus (MPOX) has caused a surge in viral infections, leading to the WHO recognizing it as a public health emergency of international concern. MPOX infection shares clinical similarities with smallpox but can cause complications like myocarditis, anorectal pain, ocular lesions, kidney damage, or soft tissue superinfection. The study aims to understand the characteristics of myocarditis, fixed drug eruption, and dry eye syndrome in Monkeypox patients. Methods This review was conducted based on PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses), and the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. The data was obtained from Scopus and international journal databases by conducting combined keyword searches restricted to English-language publications. Result The study examined 25 cases of Monkeypox, primarily involving males aged 32.9 years and experiencing chest pain. The prognosis was generally good, with no reported death. Risk factors for infection include sexual activity, STD diagnosis, sexual encounters, and workplace exposure to orthopoxviruses. Most cases were male and involved chest pain. Myocarditis, an inflammation in the myocardium, can cause dilated cardiomyopathy, acute arrhythmia, and heart failure. The pathophysiology of myocarditis in Monkeypox patients is not yet determined due to rarity of cases. Conclusion MPOX infection presents unique complications like myocarditis, necessitating research for vaccines, antiviral drugs, and infection prevention measures. Early screening for chest pain and investigating MPXV infection's pathogenesis and clinical features are crucial for differential diagnosis during outbreaks. This systematic review can determine MPOX infection outcomes and prepare appropriate treatment for patients with complications.

Background All-oral regimens, including bedaquiline, are now standard in shorter treatment regimens (STRs) for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Resistance or intolerance to drugs in STR often necessitates a switch to longer treatment regimens (LTRs). This study aims to identify the factors associated with this transition in MDR-TB patients. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of medical records from MDR-TB patients treated with STR at Haji Hospital, Surabaya, between January 2022 and January 2023. Data on drug-resistance profiles, determined by drug-susceptibility testing (DST), and line probe assay, as well as adverse effects, were collected. Results Among 20 eligible patients, 8 (40.0%) switched from STR to LTR within the first 4 months. Resistance was observed in 62.5% of these patients for pyrazinamide, 25.0% for high-dose isoniazid, and 12.5% for levofloxacin. The overall prevalence of pyrazinamide resistance was 25.0%. A history of prior antitubercular treatment was significantly associated with pyrazinamide resistance ( P = 0.015; RR – 16.000; confidence interval 95% 1.274–200.917). Conclusion Pyrazinamide resistance is a major factor for switching from STR to LTR in MDR-TB patients, particularly among those with previous TB treatment. Rapid DST for pyrazinamide is essential for the early identification of resistance and timely adjustments to treatment regimens.

The importance of having employee engagement is when employees are bound to form positive emotional relationships with the company, it will affect employees' attitude toward clients, so it will give benefits to the company because it can improve the services provided and customer satisfaction obtained. This research aims to examine the effect of team and co-worker relationships and career development on employee engagement. Data collection of as many as 84 employees, using an incidental sampling technique. The measuring instruments used are the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) which has been modified, the Team and Co-worker Scale, and the Career Development Scale. The results show there are influence between team and co-worker relationships and career development on employee engagement together or partially in back office employees. Team and co-worker relationships are important external factors because mutually supportive interpersonal relationships can lead to high employee engagement. After all, they are built based on harmonious relationships. Likewise, career development is also an important external factor because if employees are provided with adequate development programs, they have the potential to engage by work role and organization. This research can be a recommendation for companies to make strategies to increase employee engagement especially involving team and co-worker relationships and career development factors.

Women entering early adulthood will face various developmental demands and challenges. These demands and challenges require early adult women to be independent and no longer dependent on other people. This research is a new finding that aims to reveal the relationship between self-concept and gender-oriented parenting independently and simultaneously with the Cinderella complex in 312 early adult women. The measuring instruments in the research are the self-concept scale, the gender-oriented parenting style scale, and the Cinderella complex scale. The data analysis technique used multiple regression and the results obtained were that self-concept and gender-oriented parenting were simultaneously related to the Cinderella complex with an effective contribution of 32.2% (23% contribution of self-concept & 29.4% contribution of gender-oriented parenting). This research supports external factors as factors that have a greater influence on the Cinderella complex based on a comparison of correlation coefficient values and effective contribution. These findings can be a basis for consideration for further research related to the Cinderella complex theme and the formulation of interventions for women with Cinderella complex syndrome

Background Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) have been shown to improve outcomes in various populations of heart failure (HF) patients. However, the impact of concomitant diseases, such as diabetes mellitus (DM), on these outcomes remains unclear. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of MRAs in heart failure patients with and without diabetes mellitus. Methods A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases up to April 30, 2024. Data analysis was performed using a random-effects model to account for variability across studies, and statistical analysis was carried out using Review Manager 5.4. Efficacy and safety parameters were evaluated in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines. Results The meta-analysis included a total of 21,832 subjects from ten studies. The pooled results demonstrated that MRAs, compared to placebo, significantly reduced all-cause mortality in HF patients with and without DM (RR: 0.85; 95%CI 0.75–0.96; p = 0.009). A similar effect was observed in HF patients without DM (RR: 0.83; 95%CI 0.71–0.97; p = 0.02), while no significant effect was detected in the DM subgroup (RR: 0.87; 95%CI 0.69–1.11; p = 0.27). Both treatments had comparable effects on cardiovascular mortality in HF patients with and without DM (RR: 0.88; 95%CI 0.82–0.94; p = 0.0002), in HF patients with DM (RR: 0.90; 95%CI 0.81–1.01; p = 0.08), and in the non-DM subgroup (RR: 0.86; 95%CI 0.79–0.94; p = 0.0009). MRAs significantly reduced the risk of cardiovascular mortality in HF patients with and without DM (RR: 0.82; 95%CI 0.72–0.94; p = 0.005) and in HF patients with DM (RR: 0.79; 95%CI 0.63–0.98; p = 0.03), but no significant effect was observed in the non-DM subgroup (RR: 0.85; 95%CI 0.69–1.05; p = 0.13). Furthermore, compared to placebo, MRAs were associated with an increased risk of hyperkalemia (> 5.5 mEq/L) in HF patients with and without DM (RR: 1.63; 95%CI 1.18–2.24; p = 0.003), particularly in HF patients with DM (RR: 1.44; 95%CI 0.97–2.13; p = 0.07) and in the non-DM subgroup (RR: 1.87; 95%CI 1.34–2.61; p = 0.0002). Conclusion MRAs are effective in reducing all-cause mortality, cardiovascular death, and cardiovascular mortality in heart failure patients. However, the use of MRAs is associated with an increased risk of hyperkalemia, necessitating careful monitoring, particularly in patients with diabetes mellitus.

This research investigate how red laser treatment affects individuals who have had chemotherapy’s ability to heal their wounds. The sixty individuals were split up into groups for treatment and control. On the third and fifth days, the treatment group had reduced signs of inflammation and enhanced recovery. The results point to possible advantages of red laser treatment for recovery after a cure. 60 patients were divided into 30 therapy groups and 30 control groups to investigate the role of photo biomodulation therapy in wound healing. The therapy groups had 60 seconds of light biomodulation therapy utilizing a 650 nm red laser at a dose of 3,5 J/cm ² . The gingival index, prostaglandin E2, human defensin 2, and interleukin-1β levels in the laser-treated and control groups’ saliva were measured. The level of significance was set at p <0.05. The result of this study on day zero after curettage showed that subjects treated with 650 nm laser levels of prostaglandin E2, human defensin 2, and interleukin-1β remained essentially the same as the control group subjects without therapy. On the third and fifth days after curettage, subjects treated with 650 nm laser showed lower levels of prostaglandin E2, human defensin 2, and interleukin-1β. They exhibited substantial differences from the control group subjects without therapy. The gingival index on post-curettage patients showed no significant differences between laser therapy and control groups on day zero but significantly differed on the third and fifth days. Photobiomodulation therapy with a red laser can help the healing of post-curettage subjects according to the analysis’ findings of the gingival index, prostaglandin E2, human defensin 2, and interleukin-1β.

This study aimed to improve the private doctor’s role in discovering and managing cases of childhood tuberculosis (TB) according to the Directly Observed Treatment Short-course program. This quasi-experimental study with a pre-post design described 75 private doctors (intervention group) who assisted over two months in finding suspected TB children and 75 private doctors (control group). This study used descriptive quantitative data analysis. Sixty-three of the 75 doctors (84%) attended a course to assist suspected tuberculosis children with a moderate level of knowledge (60.0%). Most suspected tuberculosis children had close contact with adult tuberculosis patients (48.1%). The findings indicated that the intervention group, consisting of skilled private doctors, identified a greater number of children believed to have tuberculosis compared to the control group. There has been an increase in the identification of suspected tuberculosis children by private doctors who were through courses and the provision of routine assistance.

It is well known that seaplanes have twin floaters. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a wind tunnel test that aims to determine the performance of twin floaters paired on a mock aircraft model. The twin floaters use the same scale as the mock aircraft, which is 1:6.3 with a length of 1555 mm and a distance between floaters of 668.8 mm or S/L of 0.43. The test plan uses a speed of 65 m s⁻¹ and a Reynolds number 1.5 times the model configuration with flap angle variations of 0°, 10°, 18°, 30°, and 40°. The final test results showed that tabulations and graphs of lift coefficient (CL), drag coefficient (CD), and pitching moment coefficient (CM) with angle of attack (α) variations of −10° to 16°.

Background Pyrazinamide is one of the antitubercular drugs used for 2 months in the intensive phase. One of the adverse effects of pyrazinamide is hyperuricemia, with a symptom of arthralgia. This study aims to analyze the incidence of hyperuricemia and arthralgia and their causality in pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients undergoing treatment in the intensive phase. Methods It was an analytic observational study with a prospective cohort design. Three ml of blood from each pulmonary TB patient was withdrawn to examine uric acid levels before and after 2 months of treatment with pyrazinamide. The Wilcoxon test was used to analyze changes in uric acid levels and the Chi-square test to analyze the association between uric acid levels and arthralgia. Naranjo algorithm is used to analyze the causality of hyperuricemia. Results Twenty pulmonary TB patients met the inclusion criteria in this study. Eight out of 12 (60%) TB patients showed uric acid levels ≥7 mg/dl and 8 of them (66.6%) showed symptoms of arthralgia. The median uric acid level increased significantly before (5.14 mg/dl) and after 2 months of treatment (7.74 mg/dl), P -value = 0.001. Uric acid levels ≥7 mg/dl were significantly associated with arthralgia ( P -value = 0.017; odds ratio 14.00; 95% confidence interval 1.25–156.61). Based on the Naranjo algorithm, those with hyperuricemia, eight and four patients had a total score of 7 and 8, respectively, which are classified as probable. Conclusion Uric acid levels significantly increased during the intensive phase. Pulmonary TB patients with hyperuricemia are a risk factor for arthralgia.

The advent of marine transportation poses several challenges, particularly concerning the disposal of waste generated by ships. Incineration of waste has proven to be an effective solution, significantly reducing on-board waste and facilitating its disposal at designated facilities upon arrival at the destination port. While waste can also be incinerated at sea in accordance with relevant regulations, this practice carries significant risks that can lead to workplace accidents. Therefore, this study aimed to identify potential risk factors for workplace accidents during waste incineration activities on ships using Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA). The risk levels of occupational accident were also assessed and analyzed to minimize workplace accidents. The FMEA analysis showed that the highest risk of workplace accidents was associated with hand injuries, with a Risk Priority Number (RPN) of 211.58 or 21.1% in the activity of burning waste in the ship´s incinerator.

A ducted propeller is a modification of a propeller by adding a duct or nozzle. The purpose of using a ducted propeller is to increase thrust, increase propeller efficiency, and encourage better ship movement. This is suitable for Offshore Supply Vessel (OSV) vessels operating on offshore platforms to support oil drilling activities. In designing a kort nozzle, one of the most important components is the tip clearance, the distance between the edge of the propeller and the inner nozzle. The diameter of the kort nozzle can affect the thrust efficiency of the propeller. Due to the blade momentum theory for ducted propellers, the volume of water passing through the propeller should be as large as possible, with the smallest possible flow velocity. In this study, numerical simulations using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method were carried out to determine the effect of tip clearance on thrust and torque on a ducted propeller with a MARIN foil 19A nozzle type and tip clearance of 10 mm, 20 mm, and 30 mm. From all models, the highest thrust and torque values were obtained from the nozzle 19A tip clearance 10 mm model with thrust 367,413 kN and torque 315,338 kNm. The relationship between tip clearance and thrust is inversely proportional; the greater the tip clearance, the smaller the value of thrust, and the same is true with torque.

Background: Natural product active ingredients are currently being studied rigorously worldwide and offer a viable substitute for traditional immunotherapy for various medical disorders. Aim: The objective of the study was to investigate the immunostimulatory properties of fucoidan in albino Wistar rats. Methods: For the current study, forty rats were divided into five groups of rats that were used in good condition. In-vivo experiments of fucoidan were carried out in Wistar albino rats, such as the cyclophosphamide-caused myelosuppression, the delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response, the phagocytic activity, the haemagglutinating antibody (HA) titer, and the neutrophil adhesion test. Results: The phagocytic index increased significantly in response to Fucoidan in a dose-dependent manner, as well as enhanced DTH reaction, and HA titer caused by sheep red blood cells sheep red blood cells. Additionally, fucoidan decreased myelosuppression in rats after cyclophosphamide treatment and enhanced neutrophil adhesion with nylon f iber. Conclusion: These findings imply that fucoidan has immunostimulant properties and could potentially utilised to treat immune-depression diseases.