Recent publications
Objective
To investigate the impact of epilepsy surgery on the developmental outcome in infancy with pharmacoresistant epilepsy and its associated factors.
Method
This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in adherence with PRISMA 2020. Literature searching was done using PubMed, CENTRAL, and Scopus database. The risk of bias within included studies was evaluated using ROBINS-I. The developmental outcome was explored by comparing the developmental quotient (DQ) between before and after the epilepsy surgery. The subgroup analysis was planned for sex, etiology, affected side, affected lobe, surgical method and intention, and seizure-free state after the surgery. Age at onset of epilepsy, age at surgery, duration of disease, and follow-up time were explored as well in meta-regression.
Result
Ten articles were included in this review yielded 361 participants. The overall meta-analysis did not show a significant change of DQ after the surgery (MD −2.38; 95%CI −5.53 – 0.78). The comparison of delta DQ between seizure-free and not seizure-free population was not significantly different (seizure-free group; MD −4.33; 95%CI −20.37 – 11.70 vs. non-seizure-free group; MD −4.34; 95%CI −16.22 – 7.54). No independent significant moderator was identified.
Conclusion
Epilepsy surgery may offer some benefits in infants with PRE despite most participants having stable developmental progress. Seizure-free state following epilepsy surgery is crucial for infants’ development; however, not all epileptogenic lesions are located in the favourable and resectable area. Hence, seizure control with palliative surgery shall be offered.
- Musyafa Riziq Habiburrohman
- Muhammad Amir Jamilludin
- Nilam Cahyati
- [...]
- Yusril Yusuf
A novel porous bone scaffold based on nano-carbonated hydroxyapatite reinforced with fibrous-like structured polyethylene oxide/chitosan network (nCHA/PEO/CS) was introduced and fabricated via freeze-drying. Prior to this, the nCHA was synthesized through a hydrothermal reaction based on cuttlefish bone (CFB, Sepia officinalis). The raw cuttlefish bone (raw-CFB) was first decomposed to obtain cuttlefish bone-derived calcium oxide (CaO-CFB) by calcination at 1000 °C, which was used for synthesizing nCHA. The chemical composition analysis showed that the nCHA formed AB-type CHA with a high carbonate content of 7.38 wt%, which is in the range of carbonate content in native bone (2–9 wt%). The Ca/P molar ratio of nCHA was 1.712, very close to the Ca/P of biological apatite of 1.71. Morphological analysis revealed that nCHA consists of nanosized particles, potentially offering a large surface area to volume to promote ion exchange and cell interaction. The excellent physicochemical and morphological properties of nCHA proposed suitability as a bone scaffold precursor combined with PEO and CS. The nCHA/PEO/CS scaffolds were freeze-dried with varying PEO/CS concentrations. Physicochemical analysis indicated that increasing the PEO/CS concentration decreased the crystallinity of the scaffold, causing it to be lower than the nCHA crystallinity, which may be beneficial for cell growth. Morphological analysis revealed that the scaffold structure comprised nCHA cross-linked within a fibrous-like structured PEO/CS network, which appropriately mimics the fibrous structure of extracellular matrix (ECM) in natural bone. However, the nCHA/PEO/CS-11 scaffold formed more appropriate pores with suitable porosity for cell development, blood vessel formation, and nutrient perfusion. The nCHA/PEO/CS-11 scaffold also demonstrated sufficient compressive strength and good swelling behavior, which may favor bone regeneration. The nCHA/PEO/CS-11 scaffold demonstrated high cytocompatibility and facilitated the adherence of MC3T3E1 cells on the scaffold surface. The nCHA/PEO/CS-11 scaffold also promoted cell osteogenic differentiation. Owing to its desirable and suitable characteristics, the nCHA/PEO/CS-11 scaffold is promising in bone tissue engineering.
- Adam Hermawan
- Dyaningtyas Dewi Pamungkas Putri
- Nurul Fatimah
- [...]
- Intan Ayu Lestari
The Palu region has attracted attention due to significant seismic activity, including a destructive earthquake in 2018. This study aims to investigate postseismic deformation following the 2018 Palu-Donggala earthquake using the Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) technique. We utilized Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data to obtain the viscoelastic mechanism decay time. Therefore, we subtracted the viscoelastic relaxation signal to obtain spatiotemporal afterslip distribution inferred from the 2.5D InSAR observation based on the Steepest Descent Method (SDM). Our results suggest the viscoelastic mechanism is indispensable, with an optimal decay time of about 2 years after the earthquake. Based on the chi-square statistical test, the spatiotemporal afterslip model can explain the observation with good qualification. We found anomalies indicating non-decreasing slip, which is likely due to several factors, such as the presence of Slow Slip Events (SSE). These findings provide valuable insights regarding the potential for future earthquakes and have significant implications for disaster risk assessment in the Palu region and its surroundings.
Background
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a devastating neuromuscular condition resulting from the loss of the survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene. Precise genetic testing has become essential after the authorization of several potent medications. To achieve this objective, the use of dried blood spot (DBS) has assured convenient and extensive testing from a distance. Nevertheless, developing countries such as Indonesia sometimes lack access to standard filter papers like FTA or Guthrie cards for DBS processing. Here, we aim to develop a cellulose-based card as an alternative filter paper for DBS preparation suitable for the genetic testing of SMA including but not limited to a direct polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and multiplex allele-specific amplification (multi-ASA).
Results
An in-house paper was developed from a 180 gsm cellulose-based paper and was used for DBS preparation. The performance of dried blood spotted on the cellulose-based card (DBSc) was compared to pure genomic DNA (gDNA) isolate and dried blood spotted on FTA cards (DBSf) for genetic testing. The results of the genetic testing of our cellulose-based card were completely matched with those of gDNA and DBSf in both direct PCR-RFLP and Multi-ASA to separate SMN1 from SMN2. In addition, after three months of storing, the DBSc continued to exhibit a clear result, suggesting its high stability for DNA storage.
Conclusion
Our cellulose-based card has the potential to be used for DBS carrier and for further genetic testing using PCR. Our findings can assist physicians in sending DBS samples from SMA suspicion cases to genetic testing centers, thereby preventing diagnosis delay or misdiagnosis.
This study examines the intersection of linguistics and traditional Indonesian medicine, focusing on traditional medical manuscripts. The prevalence of code-switching in these texts impacts indigenous medical knowledge across diverse linguistic communities, enabling wider comprehension and utilization for health purposes. This research explores the grammatical and linguistic features embedded within these manuscripts, highlighting their role in enhancing accessibility and understanding of traditional healing practices among various linguistic groups. Driven by the limited existing research on how traditional grammatical styles are preserved and adapted within the manuscripts to convey medical knowledge, this article offers a comprehensive qualitative analysis of the linguistic mechanisms underlying language mixing. Data were collected through manuscript reviews and interviews, analyzed through restatement, description, and interpretation to achieve a holistic understanding of the language mixing patterns. The analysis identifies key linguistic elements—lexical choices, sentence structures, and figurative language—that contribute to the manuscripts’ comprehension. Findings reveal that the integration of multiple languages not only enriches medical terminology but also significantly facilitates the dissemination and acceptance of traditional medical practices. This research contributes substantially to the field by demonstrating the critical role of linguistic practices in shaping the accessibility, preservation, and transmission of traditional medical knowledge.
The bioprospection of Heimioporus spp. has not been extensively explored because of its limited distribution and cultivation. This investigation aims to examine the proximate, mycochemicals, and antibacterial properties of aqueous Heimioporus spp. extracts. The dried mushroom was analyzed for nutritional content quantitatively, and mycochemicals were identified quantitatively. Antimicrobial activities were studied using disc diffusion assays and minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations. Mushroom extracts were produced by maceration at 25°C ± 2°C for 48 h and boiled at 100°C for 30 min to yield cold aqueous extract (CAE) and hot aqueous extract (HAE), respectively, which were then tested against Escherichia coli , Staphylococcus aureus, and Propionibacterium acnes. The mycochemicals were analyzed for their alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and saponins. The study utilized ANOVA and DMRT statistical analysis software, with P < 0.05, to analyze the results. Results showed high protein (30.88%), carbohydrate (47.57%), and fat content (0.61%). The CAE showed higher antibacterial activity than the HAE against E. coli (9.67 ± 0.58 mm) and S. aureus (10.00 ± 0.00 mm) but no antibacterial activity against P. acnes ( P < 0.05). The CAE had more mycochemicals than HAE. Results suggested that Heimioporus spp. is a potential functional food with health benefiits, which has high lipid, carbohydrate, and protein content. Its extracts revealed strong antibacterial properties against E. coli and S. aureus but no inhibition against P. acnes.
Background: Telomere length is a potential prognostic biomarker in breast cancer, but its clinical utility remains uncertain due to inconsistent findings across the literature. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the association between telomere length and breast cancer survival outcomes, including overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), disease-free survival (DFS), and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Methods: A systematic search of ten sources, including databases and publishers (JSTOR, Nature, ProQuest, PubMed, Sage Journals, ScienceDirect, Science, Scopus, Springer, and Wiley) was conducted to identify studies published up to December 31, 2023. Studies reporting associations between telomere length and survival outcomes in breast cancer patients were included. Hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were extracted or calculated. Quality assessment was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, and publication bias was evaluated using funnel plots, Egger’s, and Begg’s tests. Results: Nine studies involving 3,145 breast cancer patients were included. Shorter telomere length was significantly associated with increased recurrence risk (DFS/RFS) (pooled HR: 1.97; 95% CI: 1.04–3.74, P = 0.039), indicating a nearly twofold increase in risk. Trends toward worse OS (pooled HR: 1.60; 95% CI: 0.90–2.86, P = 0.110) and DSS (pooled HR: 1.09; 95% CI: 0.80–1.49, P = 0.565) were observed, but did not reach statistical significance. Additionally, shorter telomere length was significantly associated with premenopausal status (pooled OR: 1.34; 95% CI: 1.06–1.70, P = 0.01). Discussion: Shorter telomere length is associated with an increased risk of recurrence in breast cancer, highlighting its potential as a prognostic biomarker. However, further research is needed to standardize telomere length measurement methodologies and validate these findings across diverse populations and breast cancer subtypes.
This study explores the potential of Fe3O4/Graphene Oxide (GO) nanocomposites for enhancing the photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine-B (RhB) textile dye waste. Fe3O4 was extracted from natural iron sand from Glagah Beach, Kulon Progo, Indonesia, and synthesized via a co-precipitation method. Characterization using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis revealed the nanocomposite comprises three key elements: Fe (28.07%), O (44.37%), and C (20.92%). X-ray diffraction confirmed the inverse spinel structure of Fe3O4, with a band gap of 2.92 eV, indicating its semiconductor properties. The Fe3O4/GO nanocomposites exhibited superior photocatalytic activity, achieving 91.3% degradation of RhB under UV light after 270 min, outperforming pure Fe3O4. However, degradation efficiency decreased by an average of 12.23% over three cycles. The enhanced degradation performance is attributed to effective charge carrier separation and improved visible light absorption facilitated by GO. These results position Fe3O4/GO nanocomposites as efficient, cost-effective, and eco-friendly photocatalysts, offering promising solutions for textile wastewater treatment.
Importance
Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) is an inflammatory and scarring form of hair loss of increasing prevalence that most commonly affects women. An improved understanding of the genetic basis of FFA will support the identification of pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic targets.
Objective
To identify novel genomic loci at which common genetic variation affects FFA susceptibility and assess nonadditive effects on genetic risk between susceptibility loci.
Design, Setting, and Participants
Four genome-wide association studies were combined using an SE-weighted meta-analysis. Within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) locus, stepwise conditional analysis was undertaken to determine independently associated classical MHC class I alleles. Statistical tests for epistatic interaction were performed between risk alleles at the MHC and endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 ( ERAP1 ) loci.
Main Outcomes and Measures
Genome-wide significant locus associated with FFA and nonadditive effects on genetic risk between susceptibility loci.
Results
Of 6668 included patients, there were 1585 European female individuals with FFA and 5083 controls. Genome-wide significant associations were identified at 4 genomic loci, including a novel susceptibility locus at 5q15, and the association signal could be fine-mapped to a single nucleotide substitution (rs10045403) in the 5′ untranslated region of ERAP1 (rs10045403; odds ratio, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.19-1.43; P = 3.6 × 10 ⁻⁸ ). Within the MHC, FFA risk was statistically independently associated with HLA-A*11:01, HLA-A*33:01, HLA-B*07:02, and HLA-B*35:01. FFA risk was affected by genetic variation at the ERAP1 locus only in individuals who carried at least 1 of the MHC class I risk alleles.
Conclusions and Relevance
In this genome-wide meta-analysis, a supra-additive effect of genetic variation was found that affected peptide trimming and antigen presentation on FFA susceptibility. Patients with FFA may benefit from emerging therapeutic approaches that modulate ERAP-mediated processes.
Background
This study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of the Modified Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (Modified FINDRISC) for detecting individuals with metabolic syndrome in Indonesia.
Methods
A dataset from the 2018 Indonesian National Basic Health Survey was analysed, and cases of metabolic syndrome were identified in accordance with both National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) and International Diabetes Federation (IDF) guidelines. Diagnostic accuracy of the Modified FINDRISC tool was evaluated using the Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (AUC) curve, while optimal cut-off scores were determined by Youden’s Index.
Results
From 25,432 participants, the mean and standard deviation of the Modified FINDRISC score was 5.7 (SD 4.1). The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 32.1% and 24.8% based on NCEP-ATP III and IDF criteria, respectively. Based on NCEP-ATP III criteria alone, the AUC of the Modified FINDRISC was 80.9% (80.3%-81.5%) with 74.0% sensitivity and 75.5% specificity. Similarly, based on IDF criteria, AUC was 88.9% (88.5%-89.3%) with 89.8% sensitivity and 75.8% specificity. The optimal cut-off score was 6 for both criteria, with 41.2% of the total participants above the cut-off who would require further confirmation tests.
Conclusion
Metabolic syndrome is prevalent in Indonesia, and the Modified FINDRISC tool offers good diagnostic accuracy for detecting such cases. Utilising Modified FINDRISC as a first-instance screening modality will reduce the number of people requiring further confirmation tests. Modified FINDRISC has the potential for use in daily clinical practice, and the cost-effectiveness of Modified FINDRISC should be further evaluated.
Background
Refugee experiences of trauma and displacement can significantly disrupt established social networks. While social functioning has been routinely associated with mental health, to our knowledge, no study has tested the direction of influence between social and psychological functioning within displaced refugee communities. This study investigated the temporal association between psychological symptoms (PTSD, depression, anger) and multiple facets of social functioning (including community connectedness, perceived social responsibility, positive social support and negative social support).
Method
A culturally diverse sample of refugees (N = 1,235) displaced in Indonesia completed an online survey at four time-points, six months apart. Longitudinal structural equation modelling was used to investigate the temporal ordering between psychological symptoms and social functioning.
Results
Findings revealed that greater psychological symptoms were associated with a subsequent deterioration in social functioning (decreased positive social support and community connectedness and increased negative social support and perceived social responsibility). Greater perceived social responsibility was also associated with subsequent increases in psychological symptoms, while positive social support and community connectedness were bi-directionally associated over-time.
Conclusions
These findings highlight the potential utility of mental health interventions for displaced refugees as a means to improve social functioning and inclusion with host communities. Findings have important implications in guiding the development of interventions and allocation of resources to support refugee engagement and wellbeing in displacement contexts.
Frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radars are known to accurately estimate the parameters of targets with low-cost and low-power transceiver systems. This work shows that some features associated with the spectrum of estimated parameters allow one to integrate the compressive sampling (CS) theory into the FMCW signal processing. To this end, we establish an analytical framework through a tensor format to facilitate a systematic and convenient FMCW signal processing model. By observing the sparsity feature in the tensor of FMCW spectrums, we develop theoretical analysis to justify the use of CS theory in the FMCW radars, and it enabled us to propose a new scheme, namely compressive FMCW signal processing, for estimating range, velocity, and angle-of-arrival (AoA) of the targets. The addition of CS theory allows our proposed scheme to use sampling-rates below Nyquist criterion, thus minimizing the number of sampled data and mitigating the issues related to high-rate and power-hungry analog-to-digital converter (ADC) in extremely high-frequency radar applications. Furthermore, the proposed compressive FMCW signal processing also significantly reduces the number of radio-frequency (RF) front-end elements necessary for estimating AoA, leading to a further saving in cost and power consumption of the FMCW radars. Despite having sub-Nyquist sampling-rates and reduced RF front-end elements, the performance evaluations show that our CS-based approach maintains the estimation capability and accuracy of conventional FMCW signal processing.
A tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR)–based biosensor is introduced that coupled with green-synthesized magnetite/Ag nanoparticles nanotag for albumin assays, using bovine serum albumin (BSA) serving as a model for human serum albumin. The performance of both single-chip and double-chip configurations of TMR sensors was assessed to improve detection performance. The TMR sensors are integrated with an Arduino microcontroller and a basic differential amplifier to provide direct and measurable digital signals. Magnetic nanoparticles were produced through green synthesis methods using Moringa oleifera extract, resulting in soft ferromagnetic properties. The sensor system exhibited good stability and linearity in detecting various concentrations of BSA under low bias magnetic fields, achieving a relative standard deviation (RSD) of less than 15% within a rapid detection time of 30 s. The double-chip configuration demonstrated higher sensitivity of 29.75 mV/(mg/mL), compared with 23.27 mV/(mg/mL) for the single-chip setup, while also achieving a low limit of detection below 1 mg/mL, consistent with typical albumin levels in blood and urine. These results indicate that the double-chip configuration in TMR biosensors is a reliable detection method showing competitive performance with green-synthesized magnetic labels under low bias conditions. This research supports the potential of this system as a prescreening tool in medical diagnostics, which may help reduce the risks of disease progression.
Graphical Abstract
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Information
Address
Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Head of institution
Prof. Ir. Panut Mulyono, M.Eng., D.Eng.
Website