Recent publications
In today’s global conflicts, the impact of social media and information and communication technologies (ICT) is undeniable. These platforms have been instrumental in events such as the uprising in Tunisia, the protracted war in Syria, the advocacy of Palestinian activists, the Ukraine-Russia conflict, and the confrontation between Colombian guerrillas (FARC-EP) and the Colombian army. This chapter provides a comprehensive insight into the contemporary use of ICT, especially social media, in these conflicts. We look at the strategies and methods used by different groups, highlighting their adaptation of these digital tools under conditions of the threat of online surveillance, potential legal repercussions and fluctuating levels of connectivity. We emphasise the need for an in-depth perspective on the use of ICTs in conflict in order to truly understand these nuanced appropriation practices.
Not only today, but also in the future, information technology and advances in the field of computer science will have a high relevance for peace and security. Of course, a textbook like this can only cover a selective part of research and a certain point in time. Nonetheless, it can be attempted to identify trends, challenges and offer an outlook into the future. In this chapter, we want to formulate a basis for anticipating future developments and correct classification. These considerations were made both by the editor and the involved authors. Thus, an outlook based on fundamentals, cyber conflicts and war, cyber peace, cyber arms control, infrastructures as well as social interaction is given.
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are promising for environmental remediation, but their nanosize limits practical application. Here, we used a green and scalable technique to grow copper benzene-1,4-dicarboxylate (Cu-BDC) MOFs on carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) macro-sized beads. We dropped a 2% w/v CMC solution containing aniline and 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid into an aqueous anhydrous copper acetate solution. The resulting 1.32 ± 0.11 mm-sized beads contained sheet-like folds patterned with 483.78 ± 7.29 nm-sized rice-like Cu-BDC crystals. The presence of aniline was important in the formation of the Cu-BDC complex, providing a [Cu–aniline] complex as a seeding template. We investigated the effect of aniline concentration, temperature, and time using a 10-experiment full factorial screening design; increasing the aniline concentration enhanced bead crystallinity and size. Longer time and higher temperature increased crystallinity but reduced bead size due to inward constriction from surface reactions. Our green method yields Cu-BDC beads, offering ease of handling and separation, making them ideal for environmental remediation.
This paper is concerned with near-optimal approximation of a given univariate function with elements of a polynomially enriched wavelet frame, a so-called quarklet frame. Inspired by hp-approximation techniques of Binev, we use the underlying tree structure of the frame elements to derive an adaptive algorithm that, under standard assumptions concerning the local errors, can be used to create approximations with an error close to the best tree approximation error for a given cardinality. We support our findings by numerical experiments demonstrating that this approach can be used to achieve inverse-exponential convergence rates.
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