Universidade Paranaense

Objetivo: identificar la ocurrencia de violencia en el trabajo que afecta a profesionales de enfermería que laboran en el área hospitalaria y relacionar las variables de perfil profesional con este fenómeno. Método: investigación exploratoria, transversal, descriptiva, correlacional, de campo y cuantitativa realizada con 218 profesionales de enfermería que trabajan en unidades hospitalarias de la 8ª Regional de Saúde do Paraná, utilizando un cuestionario sociodemográfico y el instrumento Cuestionario de Evaluación de la Violencia en el Trabajo Sufrida o Presenciada por Trabajadores de Enfermería. El análisis de los datos se realizó con frecuencia absoluta y relativa, utilizando la prueba de Chi-cuadrado con corrección de continuidad de Yates para verificar los factores asociados. Resultados: participaron en la muestra 218 profesionales de enfermería, de los cuales el 44,0% reportó haber sufrido violencia en el trabajo, el 11,9% violencia física, el 47,7% abuso verbal y el 2,8% acoso sexual. Al realizar la asociación, se observó que los profesionales con más de 30 años y que hacen horas extra sufren más violencia en comparación con los demás profesionales. Conclusión: ante lo expuesto, fue posible evidenciar una significativa ocurrencia de episodios de violencia en el trabajo en los últimos 12 meses, siendo la violencia verbal la más referida.

Unlabelled: to identify the occurrence of violence at work affecting nursing professionals working in hospitals and to relate professional profile variables to this phenomenon. this is an exploratory, cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational, field and quantitative study carried out with 218 nursing professionals working in hospital units in the 8th Health Region of Paraná, using a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Questionnaire for the Evaluation of Violence at Work Suffered or Witnessed by Nursing Workers. Data was analyzed using absolute and relative frequencies, and the Chi-squared test with Yates' continuity correction was used to verify the associated factors. the sample included 218 nursing professionals, 44.0% of whom reported having suffered violence at work, 11.9% physical violence, 47.7% verbal abuse and 2.8% sexual harassment. When the association was made, it was observed that professionals over 30 and who work overtime suffer more violence than other professionals. in view of the above, it was possible to see a significant occurrence of episodes of violence at work in the last 12 months, with verbal violence being the most frequently reported. Background: (1) Significant prevalence of violence in the workplace. Background: (2) Emphasis on workers' health for nursing professionals. Background: (3) Verbal violence affects 47.7% of the sample studied. Background: (4) The need for public policies to improve safety at work. Background: (5) Encouragement for further research on the subject.

Objetivo: identificar a ocorrência de violência no trabalho que acomete profissionais de enfermagem atuantes na área hospitalar e relacionar as variáveis de perfil profissional com esse fenômeno. Método: pesquisa exploratória, transversal, descritiva, correlacional, de campo e quantitativa realizada com 218 profissionais de enfermagem atuantes em unidades hospitalares da 8° Regional de Saúde do Paraná, sendo utilizado um questionário sociodemográfico e o instrumento Questionário de Avaliação da Violência no Trabalho Sofrida ou Testemunhada por Trabalhadores de Enfermagem. A análise dos dados ocorreu por frequência absoluta e relativa, utilizado o teste de Qui-quadrado com correção de continuidade de Yates para verificar os fatores associados. Resultados: participaram da amostra 218 profissionais de enfermagem, no qual 44,0% referiram ter sofrido violência no trabalho, 11,9% a violência física, 47,7% o abuso verbal e 2,8% o assédio sexual. Ao realizar-se a associação, observou-se que os profissionais com mais de 30 anos e que fazem hora extra sofrem mais violência quando comparados aos demais profissionais. Conclusão: diante do exposto, foi possível evidenciar significativa ocorrência de episódios de violência no trabalho nos últimos 12 meses, sendo a violência verbal a mais referida.

This work aimed to evaluate the extraction conditions of total phenolic compounds (TPC) from Pfaffia glomerata leaves (PGLs) and characterize the extract obtained in the best conditions. Aqueous extraction was performed in a Shaker, varying the levels of rotation (100, 150, 200 rpm), temperature (30, 45, 60° C) and mass to volume (w v-1) ratio (1:10, 1:20, 1:30 g ml-1). The variables w v-1 ratio and temperature, and their combination, showed a positive effect (p<0.05) in TPC extraction. The time of extraction increased TPC extraction until 30 min, thereafter, the values decreased. The extraction performed at 60o C, 1:30 g ml-1, 125 rpm and 30 min allowed to reach the maximum TPC content (11.94 mg g-1). This extract contains β-ecdysone (4.64 g 100g-1), a chemical marker of P. glomerata, and, phenolic compounds, as gallic acid (28.51 mg 100g-1) and catechin (24.82 mg 100g-1). PGLs extract exhibits antioxidant activity by the in vitro methods evaluated (iron reduction powder and radical scavenging ability). Antibacterial activity was also detected, being found the minimum inhibitory concentration of 20 mg mL-1 for Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Therefore, PGL extract had a potential application as natural antioxidant and antimicrobial in food or pharmaceutical products.

Background Climate change is among the major triggering agents of abiotic stresses (e.g., saline stress), culminating in a vulnerability of common bean production systems. In recent decades, important research has identified and characterized genes that can mitigate the adverse effects caused by salt stress; among them, the Na⁺/H⁺ antiporters (NHXs) gene stands out. The NHX genes are widely distributed in all organisms and play significant roles in osmotic regulation in plants under salt stress conditions. Genome-wide identification of NHX genes has been performed in several plant species but not in Phaseolus vulgaris L. Methods This study aimed to identify and characterize NHX genes in P. vulgaris L. using a genome-wide analysis approach conducted in silico. The common bean genome revealed nine putative PvNHX genes, and their subcellular localization, phylogenetic relationship, cis-regulatory elements, conserved motifs identification, chromosomal location, expression patterns, and interaction networks were analyzed. Results Promoter analysis suggested that PvNHX genes shared hormone-related elements and were light-responsive and stress-responsive. Seven PvNHX genes were under the regulation of five microRNA (miRNA) families. RNA-seq analysis revealed that most PvNHX genes were expressed in response to salt stress. Currently, the most assertive strategy to confront these adversities is to use the information generated by sequencing plants to identify candidate genes that can be introgressed to improve programs in producing resilient cultures. Conclusion These results can provide valuable information for future studies on the functional mechanism of PvNHX genes in common beans in response to salt stress.

This study evaluates the efficacy of a new florfenicol-based drug, both in vitro and in vivo, in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) against pathogens commonly found in fish farming and its withdrawal period. The drug’s efficacy was tested using prophylactic, metaphylactic, and therapeutic approaches against Streptococcus agalactiae (serotypes Ib and III) and Francisella orientalis. The minimum inhibitory concentration of florfenicol was 4, 5, and 128 μg/mL for the different pathogens. Fish mortality was lower in the prophylactic treatment compared to the metaphylactic and therapeutic treatments for S. agalactiae. No difference in mortality was observed for F. orientalis across treatments. Mild to moderate lesions suggestive of intoxication were observed, mainly in the liver of fish treated with overdoses or exposed to low temperatures. Florfenicol reduced mortality rates, especially with early treatment (metaphylactic), in fish experimentally challenged with the pathogens. Moreover, prophylactic antimicrobial use is not recommended, as it promotes the selection of multidrug-resistant bacterial strains. Additionally, the residual concentration of the drug in muscle tissue lasted for a shorter period than that recommended by the manufacturer, and at lower concentrations than required by national and international legislation.

The present article approach the context of the medicalization of childhood in light of Cultural-Historical Psychology and as a method of analysis the Dialectic Historical Materialism. The objective of the research was to explore the complaints of a medical nature from schools that are referred to Conselho Tutelar and what plan of action is in this institution. The outlining of the research was qualitative in character and data was obtained through semi-structured interviews carried out with officials of three Conselhos Tutelares located in the west of Paraná. We observed that Conselho Tutelar is used as a school support instrument to board students who exhibit behavior perceived as inappropriate, the school, instead of looking for professionals of their own education, forwards them to a rights guarantee body. We perceived that the reasoning present in this organization comes from bourgeois medicine with totally biological support which results in the blaming of children, teenagers and their families members due to the failures of the school. We conclude that the solution found by the officials is to refer these children and teenagers to the medical specialist in order to medicalize the student, without questioning the biologizing medical logic, waiting for an immediate result. Keywords: Cultural-historical psychology; medicalization; conselho tutelar

Cannabis sativa L., a member of the Cannabaceae family, has been thoroughly investigated for its diverse therapeutic properties, primarily attributed to cannabinoids such as delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). Secondary, metabolites like terpenes also exhibit pharmacological effects. This study examined the genotoxicity of a whole Cannabis sativa flower extract 160.32 mg/mL using three OECD-recommended protocols: the Ames test, micronucleus test, and comet assay. Five groups of six Wistar rats were used. Three doses of the extract (500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kgbw) or negative control (placebo) were administered orally, while cyclophosphamide monohydrate (20 mg/kgbw) was used as a positive control via intraperitoneal injection. Blood was collected for the comet test, and the animals were euthanized for bone marrow collection for the micronucleus test. The Cannabis extract did not increase the number of revertant bacterial colonies at (375, 250, 125, and 62.5 μg/plate) in TA100 or TA98, nor did it affect the number of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs) or the ratio of polychromatic to normochromatic erythrocytes (PCEs/NCEs). It also did not alter the index or frequency of DNA damage in hematopoietic cells. These results suggest no genotoxic effects, supporting its potential therapeutic use.

Background: Apigenin (4′,5,7-trihydroxyflavone), a flavonoid with potential cardiovascular benefits, has unclear mechanisms of action. This study investigates its effects on vascular function in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHRs). Methods: Mesenteric vascular beds (MVBs) were isolated from SHRs and perfused with increasing doses of apigenin after pre-contraction with phenylephrine. To explore the mechanisms, different MVBs were pre-perfused with antagonists and inhibitors, including indomethacin, L-NAME, and potassium channel blockers (tetraethylammonium, a non-specific potassium channel blocker; glibenclamide, an ATP-sensitive potassium channel blocker; 4-aminopyridine, a voltage-gated potassium channel blocker; charybdotoxin a selective intermediate-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel blocker; and apamin, a selective small-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel blocker). Results: Apigenin induced a dose-dependent reduction in perfusion pressure in MVBs with intact endothelium, an effect abolished by endothelium removal. L-NAME reduced apigenin-induced vasodilation by approximately 40%. The vasodilatory effect was blocked by potassium chloride and tetraethylammonium. The inhibition of small and intermediate calcium-activated potassium channels with charybdotoxin and apamin reduced apigenin-induced vasodilation by 50%, and a combination of these blockers with L-NAME completely inhibited the effect. Conclusions: Apigenin promotes vasodilation in resistance arteries through endothelial nitric oxide and calcium-activated potassium channels. These findings suggest that apigenin could have therapeutic potential in cardiovascular disease, warranting further clinical research.

Background/Objective: Cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS) is a complex clinical condition that encompasses metabolic dysregulation, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes risk factors. Worldwide, CMS is underdiagnosed, and its occurrence significantly increases cardiovascular morbimortality. Despite available pharmacological treatments, the approach is fragmented, and the associated clinical conditions are treated independently. This approach may be partially due to limited preclinical models to mimic the clinical conditions of CMS. Therefore, our study aims to present an innovative animal model of cardiometabolic syndrome and evaluate the effects of Baccharis dracunculifolia on the set of clinical alterations associated with the condition. Methods: Female Wistar rats were induced to develop diabetes, fed a cholesterol-enriched diet, and exposed to the smoke of 9 cigarettes/day for 6 weeks. During the last 2 weeks, the rats were treated with vehicle, B. dracunculifolia (30, 100, and 300 mg/kg), or a combination of simvastatin and insulin. At the end of the treatment, plasma lipid levels were measured, and the liver was analyzed histologically for hepatic lipid quantification and oxidative stress assessment. Results: Phytochemical analysis revealed seven phenolic acids and six flavonoids in the extract. B. dracunculifolia showed significant hepatoprotective effects, reducing AST and ALT levels and lowering both plasma and hepatic lipid levels. The extract also reversed hepatic steatosis and demonstrated antioxidant properties. Conclusions: These findings suggest that B. dracunculifolia may be a therapeutic option for the metabolic dysregulation present in CMS.

Background: Assessing the elements of nursing practice environments is crucial, as investing in their improvement will enhance outcomes for nurses, patients, and organizations. Moreover, comparing practice environments from different countries improves the definition of cross-cutting guidelines that can be applied in various contexts. Thus, this study aims to evaluate nursing practice environments in hospitals in Portugal and Brazil. Methods: A multicenter and cross-sectional study was conducted in eight Portuguese and eight Brazilian hospitals. Five hundred eighty-two nurses completed a survey regarding their sociodemographic and professional attributes, as well as the Scale for the Environments Evaluation of Professional Nursing Practice. The data were subjected to comparative analyses between the two countries. We adhered to ethical requirements in both participating countries. Results: In Brazil, the Structure, Process, and Outcome components were considered favorable to the quality of care and well-being of nurses. In Portugal, nurses considered the Structure and Outcome components favorable and the Process component very favorable. Statistically significant differences were found between the two countries in several dimensions of the three subscales. The Structure and Outcome components scored significantly better in hospitals in Brazil, and the Process component scored better in Portuguese hospitals. Conclusions: These conclusions underscore the urgent need for investment in continuous training and a culture of evaluation that promotes continuous improvement. Additionally, promoting the involvement and participation of nurses could simultaneously contribute to the development of more sustainable health systems.

Resumo Estudo transversal que teve o objetivo de analisar a percepção 117 de estudantes de educação física acerca da motivação acadêmica e competência profissional. Foram utilizadas a Escala de Motivação Acadêmica e a Escala de Autopercepção de Competência Profissional em Educação Física e Desporto. A análise dos dados foi conduzida por meio da estatística descritiva e inferencial. Os estudantes dos dois primeiros anos são mais identificados com os estudos e se percebem com mais competências profissionais. Os estudantes que já trabalham na área apresentaram maior motivação intrínseca e percepção de qualidade profissional. O tempo de curso e o trabalho na área parecem ser fatores intervenientes na identificação com os estudos e na percepção de competência profissional, respectivamente.

A cross-sectional study aimed to analyze 117 physical education students' perceptions of academic motivation and professional competence. The Academic Motivation Scale and the Perceived Professional Competence Scale in Physical Education were used. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive and inferential statistics. Students in the first two years are more identified with their studies and perceive themselves as having more professional competence. Students already working in the field showed higher intrinsic motivation and perception of professional quality. Course duration and work in the field appear to be intervening factors in identification with studies and perception of professional competence, respectively.

Background/Objectives: Considering the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties attributed to compounds in Syzygium cumini extract, this research aimed to advance postoperative therapeutic innovations. Specifically, the study assessed the physicochemical properties of a film-forming solution (FFS) incorporated with S. cumini, evaluating its therapeutic potential for postoperative applications. Methods: The S. cumini extract was meticulously characterized to determine its chemical composition, with particular emphasis on the concentration of phenolic compounds. Antioxidant and antimicrobial assays were conducted to assess the extract’s efficacy in these domains. Following this, an FFS containing S. cumini was formulated and evaluated comprehensively for skin adhesion, mechanical and barrier properties, and thermal behavior. Results: The antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the S. cumini extract demonstrated promising results, indicating its potential utility as an adjunct in postoperative care. The developed FFS exhibited favorable physicochemical properties for topical application, including adequate skin adhesion and appropriate pH levels. Moreover, chemical and thermal analyses confirmed the formulation’s stability and the retention of the extract’s beneficial properties. Conclusions: Overall, the findings suggest that the S. cumini-loaded FFS holds significant potential as a valuable therapeutic tool for post-surgical management.

The soil is a dynamic environment, influenced by abiotic and biotic factors, which can result in changes in plant development. This study aimed to assess the impact on vegetative growth of chia (Salvia hispanica L) inoculated with Trichoderma harzianum and on the rhizosphere microbiome. The experimentation was conducted in a greenhouse under controlled conditions growing chia plants in pots containing soil with a clayey texture. Different concentrations of T. harzianum (0; 2.5; 5.0; 10.0; 20.0 µL. g-1 of seed) were applied to the chia seeds before planting. Morphological parameters, including plant height (cm), number of branches, stem diameter (mm), number of days to flowering and shoot and root dry masses (g) were quantitatively assessed. After the cultivation period, soil samples from the rhizosphere region were collected for subsequent chemical and metagenomic analyses. These samples were also compared with the control soil, collected before installing the experiment. The results showed that increasing doses of T. harzianum promoted a significant increase in the diameter of the stem, number of branches, dry biomass of the root system and the number of days to flowering, without modifying the overall height of the plants. Soil metagenomics indicated that T. harzianum inoculation modified the microbial diversity of the rhizosphere environment, with more pronounced effects observed in samples treated with higher concentrations of the inoculant. Furthermore, there were changes in the chemical composition and enzymes related to soil quality in correlation with the concentrations of the applied inoculant. This study demonstrated that inoculating chia seeds with T. harzianum not only promotes specific morphogenetic characteristics of the plant, but it also has a significant impact on the microbial diversity and biochemical functionality of the soil, including an observed increase in the populations of T. harzianum and T. asperellum.

Pseudomonas fluorescens, a Gram-negative bacterium abundant in soil, plays a critical role in promoting plant growth and controlling pathogens, demonstrating remarkable biocontrol capabilities. This review explores the utility of P. fluorescens and its ability to produce secondary metabolites, IAA (Indole-3-acetic acid), and siderophores, addressing agricultural challenges under the strains of climate change. It emphasizes its role as a plant growth-promoting bacterium (PGPB), synthesizing recent findings on its contributions to enhancing plant resilience, pathogen resistance, and sustainable agricultural practices. The production of secondary metabolites, IAA, and siderophores by P. fluorescens is examined for its effectiveness in biocontrol, nutrient mobilization, and hormonal regulation. These functions are critically analyzed through diverse research methodologies, including laboratory and field trials, underscoring the bacterium’s pivotal role in advancing agricultural sustainability and productivity. As the agricultural sector increasingly focuses on bio-products and the exploration of soil microorganisms, P. fluorescens emerges as a promising solution to enhance farming resilience in the face of climatic adversities.

Plant glutathione peroxidases (GPXs) consist of non-heme thiol peroxidases that are vital in maintaining hydrogen peroxide homeostasis and regulating plant environmental stress responses. A comparative genomic analysis of the GPX gene family in Ipomoea trifida and I. triloba using their respective genomes was performed. Six GPX genes were identified in each species, which were unevenly located in 4 of the 15 chromosomes of the closest ancestors of the sweet potato genomes (I. trifida and I. triloba). The presence of gene duplications and positive selection were highlighted, suggesting the evolutionary significance of the GPX genes in these species. Based on the phylogenetic analysis, the GPX genes of I. trifida, I. triloba, Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa can be classified into four groups (I, II, III and IV). The in silico expression analysis in different tissues and development stages revealed tissue-specific expression patterns, hinting at specialized roles for the GPX genes in different plant organs. Nonetheless, the ItfGPX5 and ItbGPX5 genes were highly expressed in most the studied tissues. KEYWORDS: Comparative genomics; Ipomoea species; gene expression; phylogenetic classification

The chemical composition of extracts (CEs) and essential oils (EOs) from Tetradenia riparia leaves, flower buds, and stems was analyzed. Antiproliferative activity against tumor cell lines, NO production inhibition, and antioxidant and antiviral activities were assessed. The CEs contained flavonoids, phenolic acids, coumarins, and saturated fatty acids. The EOs included monoterpenes, oxygenated sesquiterpenes, and diterpenes. NO production inhibition ranged from 76 to 247 µg mL −1 , and antiproliferative activity exhibited GI 50 between 20 and >204 µg mL −1 , with low cytotoxicity (SI: 1.08 to 4.75). Reactive oxygen species inhibition ranged from 45 to 82%. Antioxidant activity varied when determined by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assay (IC 50 : 0.51 to 8.47 mg mL −1) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (0.35 to 0.81 µM ferrous sulfate per mg). The reduction in β-carotene-linoleic acid co-oxidation varied between 76.13 and 102.25%. The total phenolic content of CEs and EOs was 10.70 to 111.68 µg gallic acid mg −1. Antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) showed an EC 50 between 9.64 and 24.55 µg mL −1 and an SI between 8.67 and 15.04. Leaf EOs exhibited an EC 50 of 9.64 µg mL −1 and an SI of 15.04. Our study unveils the diverse chemical composition and multifaceted pharmacological properties of T. riparia, demonstrating its potential as a valuable source of bioactive compounds for therapeutic applications.

International Journal of Exercise Science 17(6): 916-928, 2024. This study aims to identify contextual situations (score, game time, the interaction between teammates and opponents, start and restart plays) that increase the odds ratio of maintenance of ball possession and scoring a goal. Twenty professional futsal players were evaluated in seven home official matches. The games were filmed to analyze the offensive actions. In total, 828 attacking plays were analyzed. The absence of defensive pressure from the opponent resulted in a greater odds ratio (OR) for loss of ball possession (OR = 1.7, 95% CI = 1.7 to 2.2), but also increased total effectiveness (OR = 6.5; 95%CI = 2.2 to 19.5). The received fouls did not increase the total effectiveness (OR = 0.2; 95%CI = 0.01 to 4.2; p = 0.40). The court regions close to the opponent's goal area and areas where there was less defensive pressure had a higher frequency of goals (p < 0.05). The results demonstrated that shooting close to opponents' areas and having no defensive pressure were the situations with increased odds of goal-scoring. Maintaining ball possession per se did not increase the OR of goal scoring, however situations when shootings were performed with low defensive pressure could increase chances of goal scoring.