Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste

This paper assesses the potential of Indigenous youth to conserve their traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) and their perceptions of biodiversity conservation. We used the Nature’s Contributions to People framework to explore and co-identify with Indigenous co-authors the contributions that Indigenous youth recognize as related to traditional knowledge. There is a lack of evidence in global south literature regarding Indigenous youth and their relationship with nature, especially within the context of rural–urban mobility when attending universities. We interviewed 11 Indigenous undergraduate students from the Indigenous Lands of Paraná, Brazil, whose territories are affected by socioeconomic pressures and external drivers of deforestation and cultural heritage loss. Indigenous students self-reported that they disseminate and document traditional knowledge through academic projects while living in the city. The situation in their communities diverges from these urban experiences, especially concerning the differences between memories of the traditional practices and the current context. These young people are returning to the communities, developing projects and combining Indigenous and non-Indigenous knowledge to address local challenges. Yet they remain excluded from local decision-making processes. Through their narratives, we, as researchers, gained insights into sustainable practices that can help address the loss of TEK and its linkages to forest degradation.

Large numbers of male Trypoxylon species guard nests during building and provisioning. This behavior likely serves multiple purposes: the male defends its position from other males; it mates with the resident female; and protects the nest from other species, as well as predators and parasites. Here we describe the behavior of male and female Trypoxylon opacum during their nest building. We show that T. opacum males guard the nest, while females search for trophic resources. In this cooperation, both sexes gain fitness by protecting the nest against natural enemies and ensuring paternity. In this process, some males can occupy a position as satellite males, which may give them the chance to mate. We observed that satellite males also have opportunities to mate and sometimes can also expel parasites. Field-based studies, such as this study, provide an important counterpoint to laboratory experiments. Understanding mate guarding may benefit from an approach that considers the benefits and costs to both sexes, while fully accounting for both conflict and cooperation scenarios. This observation can improve our understanding of how parental care may evolve in Hymenoptera species and how individuals may improve their fitness in different contexts.

Resumo O PlanificaSUS é uma estratégia de Educação Permanente em Saúde que visa a operacionalização da Rede de Atenção à Saúde no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde. O objetivo foi analisar o PlanificaSUS sob a perspectiva dos gestores e dos tutores da 4ª região de saúde do Paraná no triênio 2018-2020. Realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa, orientada pela perspectiva da Análise Institucional, tendo como dispositivos para produção de dados entrevistas com 4 gestores e 14 tutores. Os resultados revelaram forças que atravessam e transversalizam o processo. Como atravessamentos destacamos a pandemia da covid-19, o financiamento, qualificação profissional, rotatividade de equipes, prazos e cronograma, falta de apoio da gestão, processo de expansão e a carência de materiais e ferramentas da Atenção Especializada. Enquanto transversalidades evidenciamos a integração, a possibilidade de organização por etapas, os materiais e ferramentas disponibilizadas e a pandemia da covid-19. O PlanificaSUS promoveu espaços de discussão coletiva, “customizou” a proposta de acordo com a realidade local e o contexto da pandemia e produziu mudanças nos processos de trabalho, em consonância com a perspectiva de Educação Permanente em Saúde. Apesar disso, esbarra em desafios estruturais do SUS que precisam ser superados.

RESUMO O objetivo foi desenvolver e validar o instrumento intitulado Barreiras e Facilitadores para a Prática Interprofissional Colaborativa na Atenção Primária à Saúde (BFPIC-APS), sendo desenvolvido em três etapas. A primeira foi o desenvolvimento da versão inicial do instrumento com 12 itens e avaliação por 20 especialistas que indicaram as questões como adequadas quanto ao conteúdo (menor valor 85% e maior 95%). Após, foi verificada a reprodutibilidade, com 27 profissionais de saúde. Todos os itens atingiram uma concordância relativa maior do que 74%. Por fim, foi verificada a validade confirmatória e consistência interna, com 799 profissionais da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Os resultados apontaram uma estrutura tri-fatorial (Fator 1– Composição das equipes e oportunidades para compartilhamento de conhecimentos; Fator 2 – Condições de trabalho; Fator 3 – Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Habilidades). O alfa de Cronbach mostrou valores que variaram entre 0,76 e 0,87. O modelo final apresentou qualidade de ajustamento excelente e bons valores de validade convergente e discriminante. O BFPIC-APS apresentou bons indicadores de validade, podendo ser recomendado para avaliar BFPIC-APS.

The objective of this study was to develop and validate an instrument entitled Barriers and Facilitators of Collaborative Interprofessional Practice in Primary Health Care (BFCIP-PHC), which was developed in three stages. The first stage involved the development of the initial version of the instrument, which contained 12 items and was evaluated by 20 experts, who indicated that the questions were adequate in terms of content (lower bound 85%, higher bound 95%). The reproducibility of this approach was subsequently verified by reference to 27 health professionals. All the items exhibited a relative agreement greater than 74%. Finally, the content validity and internal consistency were assessed by reference to 799 Primary Health Care professionals. The results revealed a tri-factorial structure (Factor 1 – Team composition and opportunities for knowledge sharing; Factor 2 – Working conditions; and Factor 3 – Knowledge, attitudes and skills). The Cronbach’s alpha coefficients ranged between 0.76 and 0.87. The final model exhibited excellent goodness of fit and good values with respect to convergent and discriminant validity. The BFCIP-PHC was thus associated with good indicators of validity and may be recommended as a tool that can be used to evaluate the barriers and facilitators of collaborative interprofessional practice.

Indications for surgical repair of saccular abdominal aortic aneurysms lack satisfactory evidence, and the risk of rupture has been questioned. We conducted a systematic review assessing surgical outcomes following repair of this condition. Eight studies were included, totaling 540 patients. Endovascular repair was the most common approach. Complications occurred in 18.99% of the patients, and unfavorable surgical outcomes occurred in 3.15%, of which cardiac and pulmonary comorbidities were the most frequent. Aneurysms with smaller diameters presented fewer complications and unfavorable surgical outcomes than those with larger diameters. The ideal threshold for repair remains uncertain. Although diameter is an important indicator, other factors should be considered. These aneurysms should be treated electively at earlier stages due to their uncertain rupture risk and the higher prevalence of complications at larger diameters. Further research is needed to establish clear treatment guidelines for this condition.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels, primarily due to impaired insulin secretion or action. The standard treatment for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus still involves daily parenteral insulin administration, which presents several challenges including patient discomfort, reduced adherence, and the potential for peripheral hyperinsulinemia. Intranasal administration has emerged as a promising alternative due to the nasal cavity’s high vascularization, ease of access, and significant absorption capacity, though certain physiological barriers remain. This study aimed to develop and characterize Zein-Eudragit nanoparticles (NPS) as carriers for insulin (ZEU/INS NPS) intended for intranasal administration. The NPS were prepared using a liquid–liquid dispersion method, and the production process was optimized through a 2⁴ factorial design. The resulting NPS were evaluated in terms of physicochemical properties, including particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), and morphology. Additionally, the physical stability of the NPS during storage, in vitro insulin release, and in vitro mucoadhesion were assessed. The optimized nanoparticle formulation exhibited a mean particle size below 200 nm, a PDI of less than 0.3, a zeta potential of approximately +30 mV, and an encapsulation efficiency of 42%. FTIR analysis confirmed the interaction between nanoparticle components following insulin encapsulation, and DSC/TG analysis demonstrated the thermal stability of the system. NPS stored under refrigerated conditions maintained their stability for up to 60 days. In vitro release studies revealed that about 60% of the encapsulated insulin was released over a 24 h period. The in vitro mucoadhesion assay further supported the potential of these NPS to enhance the residence time in the nasal cavity. Overall, ZEU/INS NPS successfully demonstrated favorable physicochemical characteristics for the intranasal delivery of insulin. These findings suggest that these NPS offer significant promise as an effective and noninvasive delivery system for insulin.

Cavity-nesting bees and wasps provide important ecosystem services for humans. This study aimed to understand how the replacement of forests with non-forest habitats affects the structure and interaction network of cavity-nesting bees, wasps, and their natural enemies. From 1,536 trap-nests distributed across 48 sites, we collected a total of 541 built nests, from which 1,420 hosts and 254 natural enemies emerged. We found no significant differences in species abundance, richness, or diversity between forest and matrix environments. However, abundance evenness was higher in forests. Interestingly, host species composition differed between forests and matrix areas, while natural enemy composition remained similar. Similarly, network metrics did not differ significantly between the two environments. Despite this apparent resistance of cavity-nesting hymenopteran communities to forest loss, many species are highly specialized in utilizing wooded areas and are not adapted to other environments. As a result, we risk losing not only specific and rare species but also their unique ecological functions. We emphasize the need to include these forest-dependent species in more conservation plans, as most remain poorly studied, from basic aspects of their natural history to applied research on their ecological functions and economic relevance. Future studies should also investigate the potential unseen effects of host composition shifts and the increased dominance of certain species in matrix areas on biodiversity patterns. This could provide clearer insights for improving conservation and management strategies.

BACKGROUND: Knowledge of the cystic artery and its variations is essential to perform safe cholecystectomies. The cystic artery originates from the right hepatic artery, passing posterior to the common hepatic duct, anterior to the cystic duct, and branching into two branches at the neck of the gallbladder. However, variations in position, size, and relationship with adjacent structures are common. AIMS: This article presents a literature review regarding cystic artery variations and their frequency during cholecystectomies. METHODS: The articles selected for this review were chosen from the PubMed and SciELO databases. The standardized descriptors used were anatomic variation and cholecystectomy. These were chosen using the “Medical Subject Headings” and combined with the Boolean operator AND and the non-standard descriptor cystic artery. RESULTS: It was found in 54.5% of the studies that the anatomical pattern of the cystic artery was the most frequent type. A different origin from the standard was cited in 63.6% of the articles. Double irrigation of the gallbladder was found in 59.1%. In 36.4%, the cystic artery was anterior to the common hepatic duct or the cystic duct. Cystic arteries outside Calot’s triangle were found in 36.4%. Short cystic arteries were found in 13.6%. The absence or non-identification of the artery was reported in 9.1%. CONCLUSIONS: Variations of the cystic artery are common and are frequently reported. One aspect of a safe cholecystectomy is anatomical knowledge and its possible variations. Thus, surgeons must be familiar with this point in order to reduce vascular and biliary injuries. HEADINGS: Anatomy; Cholecystectomy; Anatomic Variation; Hepatic Artery

We establish orbital stability results for cnoidal periodic waves of the cubic nonlinear Klein–Gordon and Schrödinger equations in the energy space restricted to zero mean periodic functions. More precisely, on the one hand, we prove that the cnoidal waves of the cubic Klein–Gordon equation are orbitally unstable as a direct application of the theory developed by Grillakis, Shatah, and Strauss. On the other hand, we show that the cnoidal waves for the Schrödinger equation are orbitally stable by constructing a suitable Lyapunov functional restricted to the associated zero mean energy space. The spectral analysis of the corresponding linearized operators, restricted to the periodic Sobolev space consisting of zero mean periodic functions, is performed using the Floquet theory and a Morse Index Theorem.

The adaptability of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) to soil characteristics and climate is one of the main factors that led to its large-scale cultivation. However, wide scale cultivation also contributes to the emergence of phytosanitary problems, like pathogens such as Alternaria spp., the pathogen causing early blight, one of the main diseases that occurs in this crop. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the application of fungal filtrates of Ganoderma lucidum, Pleurotus ostreatus andTrichoderma asperellum on the development of A. linariae, as well as its effect on the development and post-harvest of tomato plants grown in a greenhouse and inoculated with the pathogen. For this purpose, evaluation of the antagonistic potential, vegetative development, photosynthetic capacity during the crop cycle, and post-harvest quality of the fruit was assessed. In vitro tests demonstrated that all treatments are effective to control A. linariae and, when tested in the greenhouse, were also able to reduce the development of the disease by reducing the area under the disease progress curve and the severity. Other tests demonstrated that plants treated with the filtrate of G. lucidumbiomass increased resistance to A. linariae and can be used as BCA in the management of diseases in tomato plants, promoting better physiological and productive responses of the crop.

Objetivo: mapear la literatura científica referente al uso del Perme Intensive Care Unit Mobility Score en individuos adultos hospitalizados. Método: revisión de alcance, estructurada según las directrices metodológicas del Joanna Briggs Institute - Evidence Synthesis Groups, con búsquedas en siete bases de datos y literatura gris. Los estudios fueron seleccionados por dos revisores, utilizando un instrumento para la extracción de datos. Resultados: el análisis de los 29 estudios seleccionados mostró un predominio de estudios longitudinales (34,48%), realizados en Brasil (48,27%) en Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos (29%) y publicados entre 2020 y 2021 (48,24%). Los estudios evidenciaron el uso del Perme Score para la descripción y confiabilidad del instrumento, traducción y adaptación cultural, asociación entre la movilidad funcional, características clínicas y resultados, evaluación de la movilidad tras intervenciones, evaluación de la movilidad y potenciales barreras para la movilización, además del uso de la puntuación para la validación de otros instrumentos y perfiles clínicos diversos. Conclusión: el Perme Score es un instrumento capaz de medir la movilidad física, incluyendo posibles barreras para la movilidad, con potencial para su uso en escenarios fuera de la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, en estudios de intervención para movilización temprana y predicción de resultados de la hospitalización.

Objective: to map the scientific literature regarding the use of the Perme Intensive Care Unit Mobility Score in hospitalized adults. Method: scoping review, structured according to the methodological guidelines of the Joanna Briggs Institute - Evidence Synthesis Groups, with searches in seven databases and gray literature. The studies were selected by two reviewers, using an instrument for data extraction. Results: the analysis of the 29 selected studies showed a predominance of longitudinal studies (34.48%), conducted in Brazil (48.27%) in Intensive Care Units (29%), and published between 2020 and 2021 (48.24%). The studies demonstrated the use of the Perme Score for description and reliability of the instrument, translation and cultural adaptation, association between functional mobility, clinical characteristics and outcomes, mobility assessment after interventions, mobility assessment and potential barriers to mobilization, and use of the score for validation of other instruments and various clinical profiles. Conclusion: the Perme Score is an instrument capable of measuring physical mobility, including possible barriers to mobility, with potential for use in scenarios outside the Intensive Care Unit, in intervention studies for early mobilization and prediction of hospitalization outcomes.

Objetivo: mapear a literatura científica referente ao uso do Perme Intensive Care Unit Mobility Score em indivíduos adultos hospitalizados. Método: revisão de escopo, estruturada nas diretrizes metodológicas do Joanna Briggs Institute - Evidence Synthesis Groups, com buscas em sete bases de dados e literatura cinzenta. Os estudos foram selecionados por dois revisores, utilizando um instrumento para a extração dos dados. Resultados: a análise dos 29 estudos selecionados mostrou predomínio de estudos longitudinais (34,48%), realizados no Brasil (48,27%) em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva (29%), e publicados entre 2020 e 2021 (48,24%). Os estudos evidenciaram a utilização do Perme Score para descrição e confiabilidade do instrumento, tradução e adaptação cultural, associação entre mobilidade funcional, características clínicas e desfechos, avaliação da mobilidade após intervenções, avaliação da mobilidade e potenciais barreiras para a mobilização, e uso da pontuação para validação de outros instrumentos e perfis clínicos diversos. Conclusão: o Perme Score é um instrumento que permite mensurar a mobilidade física, incluindo as possíveis barreiras à mobilidade, com potencial para utilização em cenários externos à Unidade de Terapia Intensiva, em estudos de intervenção para mobilização precoce e predição de desfechos da hospitalização.

This study introduces a novel stencil-printed multiplex platform designed for the simultaneous determination of carbendazim (CBZ), ascorbic acid (AA), and glucose (GLU) in juice samples. Using custom carbon inks and...

In this chapter, we highlight that the biodiversity of animal genetic resources (AnGR) is essential for breeding, aiming food and agriculture in the Neotropics. Furthermore, we discuss how AnGR are paramount to facing climate change and the consequent disruptions to the food chain supply, such as increased disease outbreaks, that are introducing new challenges for animal production, a scenario where resilience is desired. In this context, we describe basic concepts, as well as methods and strategies currently used in animal breeding to improve productivity, product quality and novel and desirable phenotypes. We also provide an overview on how omics have been contributing with genetic selection in different livestock species.

Mesenteric torsion (MT) is a condition that affects several animal species and can lead to the animals’ death. However, little is known about its etiology. Therefore, this study aimed to identify genomic regions and candidate genes associated with MT. Phenotypic and genotypic data from 405 pigs, including MT records and genealogy were used. In the model, contemporary group (sex, year, and week of weaning) was considered fixed effect, the linear effect of weaning weight as a covariate, while direct additive genetic effect was random. In the genome-wide association study, genomic windows explaining more than 0.3% of the genetic variance were considered significant. Fifty-two significant windows were identified, covering 299 genes located on 15 chromosomes. The HSD17B4, TNFAIP8, TENM4, CHD2, RGMA, OPRM1, PPARGC1A, CHIA, KCNJ2, KCNJ16, KCNJ15, ELN, SGO1, IL17A, IL17F, GATA4, OVOL2, GLI3, and RAP1A genes were considered candidates to MT since they are related to intestinal morphogenesis, feeding behavior, intestinal barrier, digestion, and intestinal motility. These processes could induce intestinal malformations, dysbiosis, excessive fermentation, delay intestinal transit, and obstruction. Our findings contribute to understanding the mechanisms involved in the occurrence of MT in pigs and may help to elucidate the etiology of intestinal torsion/volvulus in other mammals, including humans.

This study evaluated corn plantability in different agricultural/ crop-livestock systems. The experiment was conducted on a commercial farm in Candói. Paraná, Brazil. The soil was classed as Cambic Aluminic Oxysol. The area where the experiment took place was 24 hectares. The experimental design was of randomized blocks with three treatments: 1) Corn (Zea mays L.) that preceded the sowing of aruana grass (Megathyrsus maximus cv. Aruana) after winter grazing (ICLSaruana); 2) Corn sowed after winter grazing on a pasture composed by mixing rye (Secale cereale cv. Temprano), annual ryegrass (L. multiflorum cv. Ponteio), and prairie grass (Bromus catharticus) (ICLS); and 3) Corn sown after winter forages without animal grazing (CAS). The winter production cycle lasted 109 days for the levels ICLSaruana and ICLS, and 90 days for the level CAS. The occupation time length for the levels ICLSaruana and ICLS was 49 days with intermittent stocking rate. The average animal live body weight was 1,589 kg PV-1 ha (3.5 UA ha-1), and instantaneous stocking rate of 6,431 kg ha-1 (13.9 UA ha-1). Seventy three Aberdeen Angus cows (36 months old and 400 kg of initial bodyweight) were picked to graze the area. Sowing Aruana-Grass preceded corn sowing by a day, the seeder was equipped with double opener discs spaced 17 cm apart. Parameters evaluated related to corn plantability were: seeding depth, mobilized soil volume, furrow depth, plant distribution uniformity (acceptable spacing, failed or double), emergence rate and initial plant stand. No differences were observed (P > 0,05) amongst treatment levels for all varieties. The presence of grazing cattle, as well as anticipated aruana-grass sowing do not affect corn plantability.