Universidad La Salle México

Artificial light at night (ALAN) changes animal behavior in multiple invertebrates and vertebrates and can result in decreased fitness. However, ALAN effects have not been studied in European honey bees (Apis mellifera), an important pollinator in which foragers show strong circadian rhythmicity. Colonies can be exposed to ALAN in swarm clusters, when bees cluster outside the nest on hot days and evenings, and, in limited cases, when they build nests in the open. We captured and maintained foragers in incubated cages and subjected them to constant light (LL), constant dark (DD), or 12 h light:12 h dark (LD) cycle, and observed them with infrared cameras. After 79 h, there was a significant interaction of treatment and time because LL bees slept less. In detail, the bees maintained a regular sleep pattern for three days but LL bees showed a shift on the fourth day. LL bees had the largest sleep differences from LD controls, with trends of lengthened periods and increased phase misalignment from both LD and DD bees. LL bees also experienced significantly more disturbances from their nestmates and preferred to sleep in the lower portion of the cages, which had significantly lower light intensity. These findings suggest that ALAN can disrupt the sleep of honey bee foragers, which has implications for their behavior and overall colony health.

Although the phenomenon of discrimination, as we know it, is a product of European imperialism, we cannot affirm that it is an exclusive reality of said context, since the act of discriminating goes hand in hand with the process of categorization and formation of social groups, which, in turn, imply the construction of stereotypes, both of the ingroup and of the outgroups. The contexts of interethnic relations are conducive to the circulation of stereotypes, since many of the elements that define social groups are anchored in them and which end up being conceived as their essential characteristics. In the context of the indigenous peoples who lived in the Valley of Mexico before the arrival of the Spanish, ethnic identity, but also territory, kinship, history, and myth were elements that determined interethnic relations, whether they were of friendship or enmity and conflict, and the creation of negative representations about outgroups. It is at the level of ethnicity where we can find some elements of discriminatory practices among the peoples of ancient Mexico—not a structural discrimination that crossed every aspect of the life of a group in a vulnerable situation, but certain practices of humiliation, harassment and physical violence due to their ethnic condition. The lesson that pre-Hispanic history gives us is that no group is exempt from practicing discriminatory acts. Being aware of this will allow us not to idealize non-Western societies.

Objective: We aim to evaluate whether a wide range of baseline mental disorders predict Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) one to three years later, among university students. Methods: Prospective cohort study with a follow-up period of one to three years (September 2018-June 2022) in 6 Mexican universities. Participants were first-year university students (N=2,144) free of symptoms indicative of IGD at entry (baseline). Ten mental disorders (bipolar, major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, alcohol use disorder, drug use disorder, binging and/or purging, intermittent explosive disorder, psychotic experiences, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) at baseline were the main risk factors for IGD at the end of the follow-up. We used Cox regression to model the IGD incidence rate. Results: Any mental disorder at baseline was associated with an increase in 2.33 times (1.26-4.31) the rate of IGD 1 to 3 years later. Several individual disorders were associated with rates of IGD in multiple models, with comorbid conditions diminishing most of these associations. Conclusions: Only major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder remained associated with a new case of IGD. Discrepant results from available longitudinal studies on the role of specific mental disorders in the development of IGD needs to be further investigated.

Pesticide exposure can have long-term effects on human health and the environment. Flower growers are particularly at risk of reproductive health issues and problems with semen quality due to pesticides1-2. Numerous studies have shown that pesticides can signicantly impact male reproductive function and semen quality3-4. Therefore, environmental exposure to pesticides can harm male fertility. Objective: Assess the effects of pesticide exposure on the fertility of ower growers. Material and Method: We conducted a cross-sectional analytical study, comparing 30 ower growers exposed to pesticides with a control group of 30 students from the medical school at the Autonomous University of the State of Mexico, who had similar sociodemographic characteristics. We evaluated the WHO seminal parameters and pesticide exposure as the main variables. Statistical analysis: The mean was utilized to measure central tendency, and the standard deviation was used to measure dispersion in descriptive statistics. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to evaluate the association between the variables, with a signicance level of p > 0.05. Results: Exposure to pesticides can lead to changes in sperm quality among ower growers, affecting concentration, mobility, and morphology. Post sperm capacitation, the exposed group showed lower sperm concentration than the non-exposed group. Conclusions: Raising awareness about the potential risks associated with increased ower production and the resulting higher pesticide use is crucial, especially in the community of Villa Guerrero. More than 80% of the population in this community is involved in oriculture and uses pesticides year-round without proper protective equipment. Further research is needed to comprehend these pesticides' impact on male fertility fully2-4. By informing the community about these potential risks, individuals can take preventive measures and learn to use pesticides safely and responsibly.5

Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNET) represent the vast majority of sellar masses. Some behave aggressively, growing rapidly and invading surrounding tissues, with high rates of recurrence and resistance to therapy. Our aim was to establish patterns of genomic, transcriptomic and methylomic evolution throughout time in primary and recurrent tumors from the same patient. Therefore, we performed transcriptome- and exome-sequencing and methylome microarrays of aggressive, primary, and recurrent PitNET from the same patient. Primary and recurrent tumors showed a similar exome profile, potentially indicating a stable genome over time. In contrast, the transcriptome of primary and recurrent PitNET was dissimilar. Gonadotroph, silent corticotroph, as well as metastatic corticotroph and a somatotroph PitNET expressed genes related to fatty acid biosynthesis and metabolism, phosphatidylinositol signaling, glycerophospholipid and phospholipase D signaling, respectively. Diacylglycerol kinase gamma (DGKG), a key enzyme in glycerophospholipid metabolism and phosphatidylinositol signaling pathways, was differentially expressed between primary and recurrent PitNET. These alterations did not seem to be regulated by DNA methylation, but rather by several transcription factors. Molecular docking showed that dasatinib, a small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor used in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic and acute lymphoblastic leukemia, could target DGKG. Dasatinib induced apoptosis and decreased proliferation in GH3 cells. Our data indicate that pituitary tumorigenesis could be driven by transcriptomically heterogeneous clones, and we describe alternative pharmacological therapies for aggressive and recurrent PitNET.

Navigation technologies have become essential in spine surgery over the last decade, offering precise procedures and minimizing risks. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first bibliometric analysis on this topic, providing insights and trends on topics, authors, and journals. The study identifies and analyzes the 100 most cited articles related to navigation in spine surgery. A systematic search was performed in Scopus and Google Scholar to identify all articles related to navigation in spine surgery (38,057 articles). The 100 most cited were analyzed for citations, titles, abstracts, authors, affiliations, keywords, country and institute of origin, year of publication, and level of evidence. The search was conducted in October 2023. The 100 most cited articles were published between 1995 and 2019, with 2010 to 2019 being the most prolific decade (46%). The most cited article had 733 citations, and the paper with the most citations per year averaged 59.27 citations/year. The Spine Journal had the most articles (34%). The United States contributed the most articles (39%). Most publications were clinical research and reviews (94%), with an overall evidence grade of IV-V (63%). A positive trend was noted in the last decade for incorporating augmented reality. This bibliometric analysis offers valuable insights and trends in spine surgery navigation literature. The findings indicate that technological advancements have led to more articles with higher levels of evidence. These pivotal articles shape evidence-based medicine, future surgeons, and industry improvements in navigated spine surgery.

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic, allergen-mediated, type-2 inflammatory disease with the potential to significantly impact an individual’s quality of life. Conventional treatments often result in varied responses, prompting the need for novel therapeutic approaches. We present the case of a 19-year-old male with a medical history marked by eosinophilic esophagitis, severe atopic dermatitis (AD), asthma, and allergic rhinitis. Despite undergoing diverse topical and systemic interventions to address his AD and EoE, the patient’s symptoms persisted. However, following the initiation of dupilumab therapy—a dual IL-4 and IL-13 receptor antagonist—the patient experienced a substantial reduction in his Eczema Area and Severity Index score. Notably, a marked improvement was also seen regarding his symptoms of eosinophilic esophagitis. A subsequent esophageal biopsy revealed a significant decrease in eosinophilic inflammation, consistent with established clinical and histologic remission criteria. These findings corroborate the patient’s reported relief from symptoms. This case underscores the potential efficacy of dupilumab as a promising therapeutic agent in managing eosinophilic esophagitis. Dupilumab offers a dual benefit of alleviating symptoms and achieving histologic and clinical remission. This novel approach presents a noteworthy advancement in the treatment of EoE.

Interacting with others constitutes a routine that teachers undertake daily in their professional lives. Not a day passes without exchanging messages, emotions, ideas, and so forth, all of which leave an indelible mark on the construction of societal values. This brief study on assertiveness and its correlation with school tasks underscores the necessity of fostering trust, honing listening skills, promoting understanding, and, importantly, appreciating why respect is integral to perceiving individuals with all their potentialities. Essentially, the significance lies in assertive and cordial treatment as the guiding principle leading to the successful formation of individuals ready to participate in community spaces. A frequent activity accompanying assertive treatment is continuous reflection, representing another responsibility of the teacher in adhering to the ethics of care in the development of the students in their classrooms. This research aims to consider the assertive relationship in school as a determinant for education and, in general, to obtain improvements in the learning-teaching process, considering observation as a qualitative research methodology.

Over time, some gas analyzer equipment has been developed that, while meeting standard objectives, fails to pass beyond the permissible safety and cost limits. Therefore, the present work aimed to develop a gas analyzer device inspired by the Orsat gas analyzer system, minimizing the size and configuration of the same. With that objective in mind, a pocket gas analyzer device was designed and constructed applying Pahl & Beitz’s Design methodology and reducing costs analysis due to the small chamber reaction (5 mL gas sample). This device offers the additional advantage of recovering and recycling the reactant for hydrogen analysis and can be constructed with local materials found anywhere and be used for analyzing gases from biodigesters (biomethane and biohydrogen producers) and combustion gases.

Levosimendan is a medication with a range of pharmacological effects, making it appropriate for use in several clinical settings, including advanced heart failure with pulmonary hypertension, cardiogenic shock, and acute heart failure. This case report details the perioperative management of a male in their 40s with a complex medical history, including primary hypoparathyroidism, cirrhosis, and severe pulmonary hypertension, who underwent urgent cadaveric donor liver transplantation. Information available on the perioperative use of levosimendan is still insufficient to be able to regulate behaviors that can guide its management on a regular basis.

Persons with HIV (PWH) face an increased risk of cardiovascular events due to immune activation, comorbidities, and certain antiretrovirals (ARVs). However, the current cardiovascular risk (CVR) scores are not specifically directed toward PWH. This study aimed to assess the agreement between different predictive CVR scores and explore their relationship with clinical and demographic data in Mexican PWH. A descriptive cross-sectional analysis was conducted in 200 PWH with a mean age of 42 years who were treated at a Mexican urban center from 2017 to 2018. The majority (83%) was on ARV treatment and 79.5% had undetectable viral loads (VLs). Moderate- to high-risk scores were infrequent, with Framingham Risk Score for Hard Coronary Heart Disease scores showing higher values, with very low concordance among all scores. Logistic regression analysis revealed significant associations between the CVR scores and the initial recorded VL, CD4 cell count, and elevated triglyceride levels. However, no associations were found with measures such as body mass index or abdominal circumference. Treatment with integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs), particularly first-generation inhibitors, showed strong associations with all predictive scores, notably ASCVD (odds ratio = 7.03, 95% confidence interval 1.67-29.64). The poor concordance among the CVR scores in PWH highlights the need for a specific score that considers comorbidities and ARV drugs. Despite the relatively young age of the participants, significant correlations were observed between INSTI use, initial VL, CD4 cell count, and triglyceride levels, which are factors not considered in the existing risk scores. Regardless of the actual value of the scores, screening for CVR in PWH is recommended.

We use the particle-based stochastic Multi-particle Collision Dynamics (N-MPCD) algorithm to simulate confined nematic liquid crystals in regular two-dimensional polygons such as squares, pentagons and hexagons. We consider a range...

Introduction Acute appendicitis is a common cause of acute abdomen and the most frequent surgical emergency in the world. Since the nineteenth century, surgical resolution has been the most accepted treatment worldwide, and laparoscopic appendectomy is currently preferred as the treatment of choice because it has several benefits. The closure of the appendiceal stump is the most crucial step during appendectomy since its inadequate management can cause post-surgical complications. Throughout recent years, several methods have been proposed to perform this closure. This study was performed to compare the post-surgical outcomes of the use of endoloop and endostapler devices. Methods This is a retrospective study of 290 patients aged 18 to 83 who underwent laparoscopic appendectomy between 2016 and 2020. Demographic data, clinical history, tomographic findings, and laboratory data were collected, as well as appendicular base management technique, severity degree of appendicitis at hospital admission, postoperative complications at 30 days, hospital readmission, and in-hospital stay. Statistical tests and binary logistic regression analyses were used to identify risk factors, with a significance level of p<0.05. Results Demographic data and clinical history did not show statistically significant differences. The presence of a pre-surgical abscess with tomography was 1.58 times higher in the endostapler group. Post-surgical results showed that the use of endostapler devices represented a 2.7 times higher risk of post-surgical abscess. The endostapler group was also found to have 1.87 times the risk of post-surgical sepsis. Conclusion Our study shows that the use of an endoloop reduces the risk of postoperative abscess by 16.5% and protects against the development of post-surgical sepsis by 30%.

The partitioning coefficient of the R12Na corrosion inhibitor is determined by relating its concentration in the water phase ( C W ) to the expected theoretical concentration ( C i,T ) due to a re-concentration phenomenon after the mixing stage. Partition experiments were performed by varying the water cut in brine-kerosene mixtures, temperature, and the inhibitor concentration using NACE 1D182 brine as a water phase and ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry. The partition results varied from 37.81 to 43.75 %, 36.68 to 61.23 %, and 40.29 to 56.47 % at 40 °C, 60 °C, and 80 °C, respectively, indicating that R12Na is a water soluble inhibitor and dispersible in the organic phase. Likewise, the partition results varied from 41.69 to 44.04 % in the presence of 20, 50, and 100 mg L ⁻¹ of the inhibitor, using a ratio of 80–20 vol% WP–OP and 60 °C. Furthermore, making the same considerations, the partition of different corrosion inhibitors reported in the literature was evaluated, supporting its determination, the latter is of great importance for dosing corrosion inhibitors in the oilfield industry.

Background and Objectives: The development of severe COVID-19 is related to the preexistence of comorbidities and an inadequate nutritional status. The latter is a critical factor for the development of infection and the progression of the disease. Notably, optimal nutrition impacts immune system function, as malnutrition is related to high cytokine levels in the late phase of the disease, correlating with a poor prognosis. In this sense, omega-3 fatty acids (O3FAs) have anti-inflammatory properties that may reduce morbidity and mortality from COVID-19 infection. O3FAs are linked to a better prognosis in COVID-19 patients. Materials and Methods: In this randomized, double-blind clinical trial, we evaluate the administration of O3FAs to unvaccinated Mexican patients for two weeks starting after the first two hours of hospitalization. Results: The findings support the notion that O3FAs (in a dose high enough to satisfy human physiological requirements in a short time, one capsule of 1.4 g O3FAs daily) exert a comprehensive multi-systemic modulatory influence, affecting inflammatory and metabolic pathways. Significant perturbations in biomarkers, including absolute neutrophil count, hematocrit, and platelet indices, underscore the compound’s anti-inflammatory effect. Concurrently, the intervention modulates pivotal metabolic and hepatic parameters, attenuating cardiovascular risk profiles and expediting patient convalescence. These multifarious effects are likely orchestrated through intricate biochemical mechanisms and are subject to individual variations predicated on metabolic factors. Conclusions: The results of this trial support the notion that O3FA supplementation has beneficial effects on COVID-19 patients with moderate presentation by regulating metabolism and limiting inflammation.

Background Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) is a cyanotic congenital heart disease, composed of four malformations: persistent communication between the right and the left ventricle, pulmonary stenosis, overriding aorta, and right ventricle hypertrophy. The etiology of this disease is not entirely known as yet, but it has been proposed that the pathology has genetic components. During embryonic development, the fetus is exposed to a physiological hypoxia to facilitate the formation of blood vessels and blood cells through de novo processes. Methods After researching scientific databases on the implications of oxygen on the normal and abnormal development of organs, especially the heart, we were able to propose that oxygen deprivation may be the cause of the disease. Results During this period, the hypoxia‐inducible factor is activated and triggers transcriptional responses that enable adaptation to the hypoxic environment through angiogenic activation. High levels of this protein can alter certain physiological pathways, such as those related to the vascular endothelial growth factor. Research has shown that prolonged oxygen deprivation during embryological development can lead to the occurrence of congenital heart diseases, such as ToF. Conclusions Studies using animal models have demonstrated that the deficiency or disruption of a protein called “CITED2,” which plays an important role in cardiac morphogenesis and its loss, results in the alteration of pluripotent, cardiac, and neural lineage differentiation, thereby disrupting the normal development of the heart and other tissues.