Tây Đô University

This research investigates determinants of entrepreneurial intentions among final-year students at a private university in Can Tho, Vietnam, utilizing Ajzen’s theory of planned behavior, personality traits, and entrepreneurship education. Employing convenience sampling, data from 250 final-year undergraduate students at FPT University Can Tho were analyzed through exploratory factor analysis and multivariate regression. Results identify five critical influencing factors: personal traits, attitudes, behavioral management, capital, and subjective norms, with personal traits emerging as predominant. These findings align with prior research and help bridge regional literature gaps on entrepreneurship in the Southeast Asian context. This study emphasizes that strong individual characteristics—particularly personality traits and resilience—significantly affect entrepreneurial intentions among private university students. It underscores the necessity of policy and educational initiatives to enhance entrepreneurial spirit, contributing valuable insights for academics and policymakers aiming to cultivate emerging entrepreneurs in Vietnam.

In this paper, we consider both unconstrained and constrained uncertain vector optimization problems involving free disposal sets, and study the qualitative properties of their robust Benson efficient solutions. First, we discuss necessary and sufficient optimality conditions for the robust Benson efficient solutions of these problems using the linear scalarization method. Then, by utilizing this approach, we investigate the semicontinuity properties of the solution maps when the problem data is perturbed by parameters given in parameter spaces. Finally, we suggest concepts of approximate robust Benson efficient solutions and investigate Hausdorff well-posedness conditions for such problems with respect to these approximate solutions. Several examples are provided to illustrate the applicability and novelty of the results obtained in this study.

Diclofenac has a relatively low oral bioavailability (50–60 %) and is quickly metabolized with a half‐life of less than 1 h. Therefore, the oral therapeutic effect of diclofenac is not optimal. This research developed polyvinylpyrrolidone K30‐functionalized silk fibroin nanoparticles as an effective delivery system for diclofenac (FNPs‐PVP‐DC). The FNPs‐DC and FNPs‐PVP‐DC were formulated by two methods of adsorption and solvent exchange. Depending on the formulation factors, the obtained particles exhibited different properties of nano‐scale sizes (400–800 nm), narrow size distribution, negatively charged surfaces (−17 to −19 mV), high PVP K30 incorporation (23 %–50 %), pHpzc of ~6.6, and appropriate chemical interactions. Interestingly, particles formulated by the adsorption method showed low drug encapsulation efficiencies of <15 %, whereas the solvent exchange method yielded moderate results of ~40 %. The FNPs‐DC possessed aggregated patterns, while the FNPs‐PVP‐DC were more uniformly distributed. All formulations limited diclofenac release (<20 %) under gastric conditions and sustained its release in the intestinal environment. In in‐vivo carrageenan‐induced paw edema mice model, the FNPs‐PVP‐DC demonstrated a 20–30 % higher anti‐inflammatory effect and a faster onset of action (within 1 h) compared to pure diclofenac at the same dose (5 mg/kg). These findings suggest that FNPs‐PVP‐DC have promising potential as novel oral anti‐inflammatory products.

The paper aims to identify factors affecting sustainable ecotourism in Vietnam, including the mediating role of tourist satisfaction and attractive destinations. The valid quantitative data were collected from a survey of 515 domestic tourists who have traveled to ecotourism areas in 5 selected areas in Vietnam, including Ca Mau Province, Can Tho City, Ho Chi Minh City, Binh Dinh Province, and Dong Nai Province. To test research hypotheses, data were analyzed using AMOS 24.0 and structural equation modeling (SEM). Research results show that tourist satisfaction strongly affects sustainable ecotourism (β = 0.341), followed by attractive destinations (β = 0.175) and environmental awareness (β = 0.147). In contrast, tourism management policy does not affect sustainable ecotourism. Besides, tourism management policy has the strongest influence on attractive destinations (β = 0.393), followed by the natural environment (β = 0.129), culture and society (β = 0.082), but infrastructure does not affect attractive destinations. Research results also show that the strongest influential determinant of tourist satisfaction is infrastructure (β = 0.448), followed by culture and society (β = 0.180), the natural environment (β = 0.150), and tourism management policy (β = 0.136).

Background: The effective use of antibiotic plays an important role in improving health and enhancing the quality of life for patients. The goal of the survey is to describe the situation of antibiotic use and to find out factors related to inappropriate antibiotic use in prescriptions of outpatient at Can tho city Otorhinolaryngology Hospital. Materials and method: A cross-sectional survey on retrospective data from 350 prescriptions of outpatient in 2023. Results: Pathology related to the ear, nose, and throat accounting for 34.3; 54.3, and 36.3% of antibiotic prescriptions, respectively. The most prescribed antibiotics belong to beta-lactam group (98.6%). The number of drugs per prescription has a significant influence on the appropriateness of antibiotic use, with prescriptions containing more than five drugs are 2.3 times more likely to be inappropriate than prescriptions containing not more than five drugs. Patients with ear disease have an inappropriate rate that is more than 14.8 times higher than patients with other diseases. Conclusion: The survey showed that the rationality in antibiotic use was influenced by the number of medications per prescription and closely related to ear disease (p < 0.05). Key words: Can Tho city otorhinolaryngolory hospital; outpatient; antibiotic.

The development of nanocomposite photocatalysts with high photocatalytic activity, cost-effectiveness, a simple preparation process, and scalability for practical applications is of great interest. In this study, nanocomposites of TiO2 Degussa P25 nanoparticles/activated carbon (TiO2/AC) were prepared at various mass ratios of (4:1), (3:2), (2:3), and (1:4) by a facile process involving manual mechanical pounding, ultrasonic-assisted mixing in an ethanol solution, paper filtration, and mild thermal annealing. The characterization methods included XRD, SEM-EDS, Raman, FTIR, XPS, and UV-Vis spectroscopies. The effects of TiO2/AC mass ratios on the structural, morphological, and photocatalytic properties were systematically studied in comparison with bare TiO2 and bare AC. TiO2 nanoparticles exhibited dominant anatase and minor rutile phases and a crystallite size of approximately 21 nm, while AC had XRD peaks of graphite and carbon and a crystallite size of 49 nm. The composites exhibited tight decoration of TiO2 nanoparticles on micron-/submicron AC particles, and uniform TiO2/AC composites were obtained, as evidenced by the uniform distribution of Ti, O, and C in an EDS mapping. Moreover, Raman spectra show the typical vibration modes of anatase TiO2 (e.g., E1g(1), B1g(1), Eg(3)) and carbon materials with D and G bands. The TiO2/AC with (4:1), (3:2), and (2:3) possessed higher reaction rate constants (k) in photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) than that of either TiO2 or AC. Among the investigated materials, TiO2/AC = 4:1 achieved the highest photocatalytic activity with a high k of 55.2 × 10−3 min−1 and an MB removal efficiency of 96.6% after 30 min of treatment under UV-Vis irradiation (120 mW/cm2). The enhanced photocatalytic activity for TiO2/AC is due to the synergistic effect of the high adsorption capability of AC and the high photocatalytic activity of TiO2. Furthermore, TiO2/AC promotes the separation of photoexcited electron/hole (e−/h+) pairs to reduce their recombination rate and thus enhance photocatalytic activity. The optimal TiO2/AC composite with a mass ratio of 4/1 is suggested for treating industrial or household wastewater with organic pollutants.

Establishing and maintaining a highly-trained pharmaceutical workforce is crucial for serving the healthcare needs of the population. Globally, various factors have been associated with the decision of students leaving high school to pursue an undergraduate degree in pharmacy, however, this topic has not yet been explored in Vietnam. To explore the motivations of first-year undergraduate pharmacy students to study pharmacy at university. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 428 first-year pharmacy students enrolled in undergraduate pharmacy programs from across all universities in Can Tho, Vietnam, including one public university (193 students) and two private universities (235 students), from November 2022 to February 2023. Exploratory factor analysis identified five underlying factors associated with the choice of students to study pharmacy, with internal consistency assessed using Cronbach’s Alpha (α): personal factors (α = .86), career (α = .88), advice (α = .74), reputation (α = .84), and promotion (α = .76). Of these factors, personal factors had the greatest impact (mean = 4.13), while the least influential factor was promotion (mean = 2.92). Compared to public university students, private university students were more influenced by career (p = .019), advice (p = .002), and promotion (p < .001) when making the decision to study pharmacy. This study identifies the factors associated with the decision to pursue pharmacy education. These findings may be of interest to educational institutions addressing how they attract students and meet the workforce needs of the pharmaceutical industry and healthcare system.

The study aimed to evaluate the agronomic characteristics of eleven samples of Pseuderanthemum sp. variety based on the results of the morphological survey on stem height, root length, leaves, combining molecular biology methods to determine their genetic relationships by building a phylogenetic tree based on the plastid gene rbcL sequence. Initial results of an evaluation of the genetic diversity of eleven Pseuderanthemum sp. samples showed that there were differences in stem length, leaf width to root length. Based on the analysis results from the pedigree tree, the tree samples with similar survival indexes and genetically close to each other were classified into two main groups. Based on molecular data, eleven varieties of Pseuderanthemum sp. in the study have been identified, all belonging to the species Pseuderanthemum sp. have a high similarity coefficient above 98% and 100% coverage. Although the geographical location of the samples is variable, it is necessary to investigate other gene sequences related to morphological and biochemical characteristics, such as bioactive compounds in leaves and fruits to have more accurate conclusions about this species.

Two novel series of quinazolinone-based hybrids, including quinazolinone-1,3,4-oxadiazoles (10a–l) and quinazolinone-1,3,4-oxadiazole-benzimidazoles (8a–e), were designed and synthesized and their cytotoxic activities against three human cancer cell lines, lung cancer (A549), cervical cancer (HeLa), and breast cancer (MCF-7), were evaluated. The cytotoxic assays revealed that 10i with a lipophilic 4-fluoro-phenyl moiety at the C-2 position of the quinazolinone ring displayed good cytotoxicities against the A549 and MCF-7 cell lines, while 8b–d with the thioether-linked benzimidazole moiety incorporated on the right side of the oxadiazole ring induced comparable stronger activities toward the MCF-7 cell line, relative to the simple two-heterocycle-containing hybrid 10i. These novel quinazolinone-based hybrids could be considered as lead compounds that merit further optimization and development as anti-cancer agents. Fullsize Image

A 63-day completely random experiment with three replications was carried out to compare the effects of five different combination ratios of rice flour (R) and molasses (M) on the growth and survival rates of Pacific white shrimp ( Litopenaeus vannamei Boone, 1931) postlarvae applied biofloc technology. Five biofloc (BF) treatments, including R90-M10, R70-M30, R50-M50, R30-M70, and R10-M90, formed with the addition of different combination ratios of rice flour and molasses, i.e., 90% R+10% M, 70% R+30% M, 50% R+50% M, 30% R+70% M, and 10% R+90% M, respectively, with C/N ratios of 15:1, and a control (neither rice flour nor molasses applied) was randomly arranged into the 18 plastic tanks of 1.0 m3 volume (with 0.5 m3 of water) each tank and salinity of 15‰. The postlarvae (0.095 g) were stocked into the tanks at a 150 ind. m−3 density and fed pelleted feed (40% protein). There was an improvement in growth (FMW, WG, DWG, and SGR) for all treatments. Besides, treatments with more than or equal to 30% molasses have improved SR, FCR, and FB. Especially the highest SR (94.2%) was obtained at the R70-M30, which perhaps created the highest FB (1.435 kg m−3) in this treatment. The lowest FCR (1.28) was also observed in the R70-M30 and significantly differed from the control and other treatments. Besides, water quality parameters were within the ranges recommended for Pacific white shrimp health during the experimental period. Our findings indicated the benefits of shrimp culture using the BF system when different combined ratios of rice flour and molasses were applied, of which a ratio of 70% rice flour and 30% molasses was considered as the best.

The 63-day experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of different rice flour and molasses ratio on Pacific white shrimp, which were reared by biofloc technology. The five treatments (R10-M90, R30-M70, R50-M50, R30-M70, R10-M90) and one control were randomly arranged with three repetitions in 18 plastic tanks. The content of adding two carbohydrate sources was calculated and added to water to gain the C:N ratio of 15:1. The experimental shrimps (mean initial weight of 0.095 g) were stocked at a density of 150 m ⁻³ and fed Lotus pellets (40% protein) for 63 days. The results showed that the temperature, pH, DO, and alkalinity are suitable for shrimp. The carbohydrate-supplemented treatments increased floc volume (FVI), mean floc length (MFL) and mean floc width (MFW), total suspended solids (TSS), reduced total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), nitrite (NO 2 ⁻ ), as compared to control, in which R70-M30 treatment exhibited the most pronounced effects. Shrimp culture applying biofloc process stimulated the density of total bacteria and zooplankton to thrive and limited phytoplankton. Maintaining the C:N as 15 by adding carbohydrates showed a more effective impact. There was no significant difference in final average weight, but final biomass and survival tended to be highest in treatment R70-M30 (results were only significantly different from R90-M10). In conclusion, combining two carbohydrate sources positively improved water quality and had no negative impact on shrimp growth.

Prediction models for enteric methane (CH4) emissions from beef cattle proposed by various groups may not perform with similar accuracy for the low- and middle-income countries in South-east Asia (SE-Asia) because beef cattle in these countries are raised under different climatic conditions with diverse feeding systems, and have different CH4 emission characteristics. The objectives of this study were to: i) predict CH4 emission (g d⁻¹ animal⁻¹), yield [g kg⁻¹ dry matter intake; DMI)⁻¹], intensity [g kg⁻¹ average daily gain)⁻¹], and CH4 conversion factor (Ym) using an intercountry database of individual animal records from SE-Asia; ii) evaluate the impact of different dietary forage contents (all-, high- and low-forage) representing the diverse feeding systems on CH4 emission, yield, intensity and Ym in SE-Asia; and iii) cross-validate equations from this study with published data. A total of 398 individual animal observations of beef cattle from SE-Asia were used for this analysis. Linear models developed by incrementally adding covariates revealed that CH4 emission model using only DMI fitted to all data had a root mean square prediction error (RMSPE) of 16.9%. Subsets containing data with 100% forage in the diet (all-forage), 50–85% (high-forage) and < 50% (low-forage) had an RMSPE of 16.5%, 14.7%, and 17.4%, respectively. Linear multiple equation based on DMI and dietary NDF concentration (DMI + NDF_C, RMSPE = 15.2%; all-data) improved prediction accuracy over that of DMI alone. The DMI + NDF_C models for all-forage (RMSPE = 14.6%) and high-forage subsets (RMSPE = 13.3%) except for low-forage (RMSPE = 16.4%), improved the precision and accuracy of CH4 emission prediction. Methane yield and CH4 emission intensity could not be reliably modelled with the current database. The present study provides improved CH4 prediction models for beef cattle managed under diverse feeding systems in SE-Asia and affirmed that region-specific models are needed to reliably predict beef cattle CH4 emission at national or regional levels, particularly for low- and middle-income countries.

Panax vietnamensis (Vietnamese ginseng, Ngoc Linh ginseng) is an endemic Panax species of Vietnam. From the methanol extract of the leaves of Panax vietnamensis, five compounds (1-5) were isolated, including one new sesquiterpene lactone such as panaxolide (1) and four known compounds. The structures of the compounds (1-5) were elucidated by spectral techniques such as 1 D NMR (1H NMR, 13C NMR), 2 D NMR (COSY, HSQC, HMBC, NOESY) and mass spectrometry. The absolute configuration of 1 was determined based on the Cotton effects in the CD spectrum. All of the five compounds were screened for their in vitro growth inhibitory activities against cancerous cells (HepG2) and normal cells (fibroblast) using the SRB assay. Panaxolide (1) showed the highest potential for the growth inhibition of cancerous cells HepG2 with the IC50 values of 63.8 μM.

Boerhavia erecta is a tropical plant that is widely used in Asian folk medicine. Little is known about the alpha-glucosidase inhibition and antimicrobial properties of compounds from this plant. In the present study, the phytochemical study of the aerial parts of B. erecta collected in Vietnam was conducted using multiple chromatographic methods. The chemical structures of isolated compounds were identified by comprehensive spectroscopic methods. Two new compounds, berectone C (1) and (E)-tetracosyl 3-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)acrylate (4), together with the known compounds boeravinone C (2), liquiritigenin (3), bis(1H-indol-3-yl)methanone (5), and indole-3-carboxylic acid (6) were isolated and structural elucidated. Compounds 1 and 4 were evaluated for alpha-glucosidase inhibition and antimicrobial activity against antibiotic-resistant, pathogenic bacteria Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, and Acinetobacter baumannii. Compound 1 showed strong inhibition of the alpha-glucosidase enzyme (IC50 43 µg/mL). Only compound 1 exhibited antimicrobial property against A. baumannii, forming an inhibition zone of 11 mm.

Introduction Scientific research is a crucial section of health-related student education to ensure the competence of graduates. This study is the first to explore attitudes on research, willingness and motivation to conduct research, and barriers preventing this amid pharmacy students in Can Tho, Vietnam. Methods A cross-sectional online survey was performed on undergraduate pharmacy students (years four and five) from three public and private universities in Can Tho, Vietnam between April and May 2021. Results Of the 576 respondents, the majority accredited the significance of conducting research to the field of pharmacy (85.9%) with the motivation of improving the profession (81.6%). Public university respondents were more than twice as likely to have a positive attitude toward research (odds ratio [OR] = 2.88, 95% CI = 1.32–6.27) and be willing to conduct research (OR = 5.73, 95%CI = 3.5–9.37) than their private university counterparts. Very good or excellent academic performance was associated with a positive attitude (OR = 3.09, 95% CI = 1.46–6.53), willingness (OR = 3.2, 95%CI = 1.7–6.03), and increased motivation (OR = 2.42, 95% CI = 1.26–4.64) toward conducting research compared to respondents with average or lower academic performance. A lack of experience (63.5%), knowledge and skills (46%), and research training (51.7%) were the most common personal and systemic barriers to conducting research. Conclusions Most students reported having a positive attitude and strong motivation toward research. These findings revealed an opportunity for pharmacy policymakers and educators to utilize national strategy to improve pharmacy education and the profession.

In case of livestock development in the rural areas of Tra Vinh province of Vietnam, Muscovy duck breeds are diversified by importing and breeding, which is more valuable for social and economic benefits. A total of 7,921 Muscovy ducks were observed to collect data for this survey to identify the current status of its production, feeding, and performance. Farmers, who owned at least 30 ducks, were interviewed to analyze data ownership, feeding, and growth performance of three breeds relating to the Muscovy including local Muscovy ducks (LMDs), France Muscovy duck (FMDs), and Crossbred Muscovy ducks (CMDs). The findings indicated that most farmers kept a small duck herd of fewer than 100 heads per householder, and the majority of Muscovy duck was LMDs. Farmers fed them local feed resources, with low nutritive diets (CP: 7.35 – 12.0 % and ME: 11.44 - 11.83 MJ/kg DM). A small number of farmers used a concentrate feed (CP: 16.5-19.3; ME: 11.96-12.69 MJ/kg DM) for supple-mentation with the daily weight gain was 16.7 g for LMDs and 22.7 g for CMDs, whilw the FMDs was fed a better quality of concentrate and gave the daily gain of 25.7 g.

The 63-days experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of different rice flour and molasses ratio on Pacific white shrimp, which were reared by the biofloc technology. The six treatments (control, R10-M90, R30-M70, R50-M50, R30-M70, and R10-M90) were randomly arranged with three repetitions in 18 plastic tanks. The content of adding two carbohydrate sources was calculated and added to water to gain the C:N ratio of 15:1. The experimental shrimps (mean initial weight of 0.095 g) were stocked at a density of 150 m − 3 and fed Lotus pellets (40% protein) for 63 days. The results showed that the temperature, pH, alkalinity and dissolved oxygen (DO) are suitable for shrimp and slightly fluctuate. The carbohydrate-supplemented treatments increased chemical oxygen demand (COD), biofloc volume (BFV), biofloc size, total suspended solids (TSS), volatile suspended solids (VSS), reduced total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), nitrite, P-PO 4 as compared to control, in which R70-M30 treatment exhibited the most pronounced effects. Shrimp culture applying biofloc process stimulated the density of total bacteria and zooplankton to thrive and limited phytoplankton. Maintaining the C:N as 15 by adding carbohydrates showed a more effective impact. There was no significant difference in the mean weight of shrimp growth parameters, but biomass and yield tended to be highest in treatment R70-M30 (results were only significantly different from R90-M10). In conclusion, combining two carbohydrate sources positively improved water quality and provided shrimp feed. The ratio of 70% rice flour and 30% molasses was suggested following the conditions of this study.

The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and job performance through the mediating role of job attitudes. In addition, the moderating role of organizational reputation is also considered. Based on stakeholder theories, signaling theory, social exchange theory, and social identity theory, a research model has been developed. Data has been collected from 636 employees working in SMEs in Vietnam to provide empirical evidence. Research results showed that corporate social responsibility has made a positive contribution to improving job performance and this relationship was partially mediated by job attitudes. In addition, organizational reputation strengthened the positive connection between CSR and job attitudes. Finally, the study suggested some managerial implications to help leaders have appropriate policies to improve employees’ job performance.