T-Systems International GmbH

Transport and logistic sector is expected to obtain large benefits thanks to the implementation of 5G. This work proposes a framework based on 5G technology for Automated Truck Platoons (ATP) in urban areas to reduce energy consumption and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. More specifically, 5G features such as low latency communication (uRLLC), massive Machine Type Communication (mMTC) and enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) are deployed with the Green Light Optimal Speed Advisory (GLOSA) to achieve the optimal speed of Automated Truck Platoons. The results of a preliminary test implemented in the Port of Hamburg show that 5G GLOSA ATP is promising in terms of energy consumption and GHG emissions reduction and increased truck platoon stability.

Unter einem 3‐D digitalen Zwilling wird gemeinhin ein virtuelles Abbild eines physischen Elements verstanden. Solche virtuellen Abbilder können in verschiedenen Erscheinungsformen mit sehr unterschiedlichen Charakteristiken und Einsatzbereichen – und zu stark unterschiedlichen Preisen – auftreten. Hohe Kosten bei der Erstellung von 3‐D‐Modellen von Bestandsbrücken sowie fehlende Integration behindern jedoch die großflächige Adoption einer vielversprechenden Technologie für das Monitoring und Management von Bestandsbrücken und anderen Bauwerken und technischen Anlagen. Der Bericht erläutert, wie durch eine Weiterentwicklung von Spieletechnologie und dem Einsatz von KI die Kosten und Hürden für die Erstellung von digitalen Zwillingen signifikant reduziert und damit eine skalierbare Lösung für viele Anwendungsbereiche geschaffen wird. Damit die 3‐D Digital Twins den gewünschten Mehrwert entfalten, ist neben einer einfachen Handhabung insbesondere die Integration der jeweiligen Systeme von entscheidender Bedeutung. Dabei sind Aspekte wie Cloud‐, IoT‐ und ERP‐Anbindung, Fragen der Konnektivität sowie Security & Privacy zentrale Elemente einer gelungenen Integration von 3‐D digitalen Zwillingen in ein bestehendes Daten‐ und IT‐Ökosystem.

A closer look at the adiabatic theorem of quantum mechanics suggests conditions for an optimal schedule in adiabatic quantum computing. If these conditions are satisfied, the computation time is proportional to the inverse of the minimum energy gap. Analytical calculations show that the computation time T for the adiabatic quantum search algorithm is \(T = 2 \sqrt{N} {{\,\mathrm{acosh}\,}}(\varepsilon ^{-1})\), where N is the number of search items and \(1-\varepsilon ^2\) is the probability to measure the searched state. For small \(\varepsilon \), the calculated time is significantly shorter than the proposed \(T \sim \pi /2 \, \sqrt{N} \,\varepsilon ^{-1}\). The results are confirmed by numerical simulations for both the search algorithm and a toy problem.

Künstliche Intelligenz scheint fast alles zu können. Die Hoffnungen, die Unternehmen in die Technologie setzen, sind groß. Doch nicht überall, wo KI draufsteht, ist auch KI drin. Was echte von einer vorgeblichen KI unterscheidet. Wann es sich lohnt, sie mit regelbasierten Systemen zu verbinden. Und wie Unternehmen Software erkennen, die lediglich vorgibt, intelligent zu sein.

The main goal of the H2020-CARAMEL project is to address the cybersecurity gaps introduced by the new technological domains adopted by modern vehicles applying, among others, advanced Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning techniques. As a result, CARAMEL enhances the protection against threats related to automated driving, smart charging of Electric Vehicles, and communication among vehicles or between vehicles and the roadside infrastructure. This work focuses on the latter and presents the CARAMEL architecture aiming at assessing the integrity of the information transmitted by vehicles, as well as at improving the security and privacy of communication for connected and autonomous driving. The proposed architecture includes: (1) multi-radio access technology capabilities, with simultaneous 802.11p and LTE-Uu support, enabled by the connectivity infrastructure; (2) a MEC platform, where, among others, algorithms for detecting attacks are implemented; (3) an intelligent On-Board Unit with anti-hacking features inside the vehicle; (4) a Public Key Infrastructure that validates in real-time the integrity of vehicle’s data transmissions. As an indicative application, the interaction between the entities of the CARAMEL architecture is showcased in case of a GPS spoofing attack scenario. Adopted attack detection techniques exploit robust in-vehicle and cooperative approaches that do not rely on encrypted GPS signals, but only on measurements available in the CARAMEL architecture.

With the rapid development of autonomous vehicles, it is necessary to explore new business opportunities, especially under the assistance of internet of things, which accelerate the penetration in vehicle markets. Automated valet parking and shared autonomous vehicles will be the most active cases promoted by autonomous driving. In this paper, the business models of automated valet parking and shared autonomous vehicles were proposed, further, the cost structures of autonomous vehicles under two cases were investigated from points of car users and owners. In the business models, autonomous driving packages, internet of things devices, and service provider companies are considered as new stakeholders. The cost structure of automated valet parking users changes greatly, with the development of autonomous driving packages whose cost share decreases from ~60% to ~5%. The total cost of automated valet parking users is much higher than conventional parking before 2024. Additionally, the use of shared vehicles relieves financial burden, without trouble of periodical maintenance. For station-based and free-floating car sharing, the price drop of autonomous driving package brings about huge benefits for companies. Peer-to-peer car sharing business effectively decreases financial burden of car owners such that the decrease is less than 20% starting from 2017.

The proliferation of next generation mobility, promotes the use of autonomous cars, connected vehicles and electromobility. It creates novel attack surfaces for high impact cyberattacks affecting the society. Addressing the cybersecurity challenges introduced by modern vehicles requires a proactive and multi-faceted approach combining techniques originating from various domains of ICT. Emerging technologies such as 5G, LiDAR, novel in-vehicle and roadside sensors and smart charging, used in modern cars, introduce new challenges and potential security gaps in the next generation mobility ecosystem. Thus, it is critical that the domain’s cybersecurity must be approached in a structured manner from a multi-domain and multi-technology perspective. The CARAMEL H2020 project aims to address the cybersecurity challenges on the pillars upon which the next generation mobility is constructed (i.e., autonomous mobility, connected mobility, electromobility). To achieve that, advanced Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) techniques will be utilized for the identification of anomalies and the classification of incoming signals indicating a cyber-attack or a cybersecurity risk. Apart from risk detection, methods for the mitigation of the identified risks will also be continuously incorporated to the CARAMEL solution. The final goal of CARAMEL is to create an anti-hacking platform for the European automotive cybersecurity and to demonstrate its value through extensive attack and penetration scenarios. In this paper we will expand on the unique cybersecurity-relevant characteristics of the pillars upon which the CARAMEL solution is built. Next, a number of use cases emerging from such analysis will be extracted in order to form the basis upon which the CARAMEL platform will be evaluated. Finally, we will conclude with an overview of the platform’s architectural composition.

Software systems for the Configure Price Quote (CPQ) process of complex product portfolios have emerged in the sales function of companies recently. A flexible quote of complex products, in particular for a Business-to-Business (B2B) customer requires a wide variability of product features and configurations, along with the ability to deliver competitive quotes in short time. The CPQ system aims to reduce the process time, to increase the process quality by integrating information and data stored in several enterprise systems with codified explicit and implicit knowledge from individuals. As in most of the knowledge management systems, the openness of the knowledge holders to share and codify their individual knowledge is a critical success factor. In this case study, we look at the CPQ system implementation of a multinational Information Technology (IT) solution provider from a process perspective and with regard to both the technical and organizational challenges in a holistic approach. The article starts with an introduction to CPQ systems based on works from the Knowledge Management (KM) domain. After outlining our research methodology, we present the case together with a generalization of the CPQ implementation process. Our findings from the investigated scenario indicate positive influence of 1) the internal promotion of CPQ systems as technology innovation for motivating expert knowledge holders to collaborate; 2) an active preparation of the organizational environment for the upcoming changes; and 3) a hybrid agile implementation process.

Platoon services are being driven by the development of Internet of things, prompting changes in existing businesses and the generation of new businesses. In this paper, a business model and business model canvas related to platoon services are proposed, and the cost analysis of heavy freight transport platoon services from the perspective of platoon leaders and followers is conducted. In addition, the fuel consumption saving brought about by platoon services in freight transport of 28 European Union countries is estimated. The results indicate that the providers of the autonomous driving package, Internet of things devices and the platoon service platform are new stakeholders in the business model. The business model canvas shows the value propositions of platoon services, such as increased traffic efficiency, decreased energy consumption, and the opportunity of involvement in other activities. In addition, the analysis of cost structures for platoon leaders and followers shows that the autonomous driving package has the highest percentage of cost in the first year of a vehicle’s lifespan and decreases rapidly in the years that follow. The platoon services ease the financial burden of the leaders due to decreased fuel consumption and income from the leading service, with the highest value up to 4.7%. As for the fuel consumption reductions benefited from platoon services, Germany may have the largest potential of national annual fuel saving, followed by France, Spain and the United Kingdom, while the countries that may benefit the most from fuel savings in international freight transport are Poland and Spain.

Neben der Konzeption von verfügbarkeitsorientierten Geschäftsmodellen und der für die technische Umsetzung essenziellen Entwicklung von kommunikationsfähigen Komponenten bildet ein intelligentes Informationsmanagement die dritte Säule für das Anbieten von Verfügbarkeit. Im Rahmen des Forschungsprojektes wurde eine Cloud-basierte Gesamtlösung entwickelt, in der alle beteiligten Softwaresysteme daran arbeiten, dem richtigen Benutzer alle relevanten Informationen zur richtigen Zeit zur Verfügung zu stellen. Im vorliegenden Kapitel wird der Prozess zur Entwicklung einer solchen Plattform beschrieben, ausgehend von der Aufnahme von Anforderungen, die sich in eine modellbasierte Beschreibungssystematik eingliedern und somit die Basis für die weiteren Prozessschritte liefern. Das durchgängige Systemmodell wird auch während der Konzeption und Implementierung der Cloudplattform sowie der beteiligten Systeme weiter gepflegt. Die eigentliche Implementierung wird anhand der konkreten Einzelsysteme beschrieben: So wurden im Projekt eine Business-Analytics-Plattform, ein Back-End sowie Front-Ends an der Maschine und anderen Endgeräten entwickelt. Am Schluss des Prozesses steht eine entsprechende Verifikation der Teilsysteme sowie der Gesamtplattform.

Smart-Service-Plattformen können einen Lösungsbaustein darstellen, um die steigende Weltbevölkerung ressourcenschonend zu ernähren. Durch die Aggregation von Daten und kontextsensitive datenbasierte Dienstleistungen können Landwirte präzise während der gesamten landwirtschaftlichen Produktion unterstützt werden, um bei gleichbleibender Versorgungsfläche den steigenden Nahrungsmittelbedarf zu decken. Die Entwicklung und der erfolgreiche Betrieb einer Smart-Service-Plattform stellt viele Unternehmen, nicht nur in der Landwirtschaft, jedoch vor große Herausforderungen, da sich die Geschäftsmodelle und -logiken einer Plattform grundlegend von herkömmlichen Produkten unterscheiden. Um Unternehmen praxisnahe Gestaltungsempfehlungen für den Erfolg einer Smart-Service-Plattforum zu geben, wurden für diesen Beitrag insgesamt 25 bereits bestehende Plattformen aus den Bereichen Smart Farming und Smart Production sowie branchenübergreifenden Plattformen mittels einer Case-Study-Research hinsichtlich ihres Geschäftsmodells und ihren jeweiligen Erfolgskriterien untersucht. Basierend auf den Ergebnissen der unterschiedlichen Case-Studys werden insgesamt neun Gestaltungsempfehlungen für den erfolgreichen Betrieb einer Smart-Service-Plattform vorgestellt, die jeweils auf die Besonderheiten der Branche eingehen und so ein umfassendes Bild für den Erfolg einer Smart-Service-Plattform geben.

This chapter explores the implementation of Design Thinking practices in large organisations. Establishing exploration spaces as well as hunting and gathering for insights set up the process of innovation. Yet, innovation also needs an effective set of practices for leveraging diversity of design teams to transform insights into innovation. Specifically, the chapter looks at the extent to which the implementation of Design Thinking has created spaces in large organisations that are or approximate ‘messy institutions’ (Ney and Verweij Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy, 33(6), 1679–1696, 2015). These are organisational spaces that put problem-solving methods from different and often contending organisational cultures at the disposal of design teams. The chapter shows how output-oriented practices move the process of innovation by encouraging pragmatism and experimentation. Inclusion-oriented processes ensure that all voices and approaches—even the outliers and extreme users—get a fair hearing in the innovation process. Process-oriented practices, in turn, provide the rules that enable the process to stay on track and produce high outputs based on the best available knowledge. Last chance-oriented practices introduce an element of serendipity designed to accustom Design Thinking teams to failure. Using case studies of large organisations that have introduced Design Thinking, the chapter critically scrutinises the extent to which plurality of practices has supported and promoted the creative reframing of wicked problems. Just like the previous two chapters, we outline the critical lessons learned from implementing the pluralist practices in large organisations.

This chapter (as well as the subsequent Chap. 3) sets up the conceptual framework to help us analyse the impact of DT on large organisations. This chapter explores the relationship between the challenges organisations face today, innovation and Design Thinking. People in large organisations are interested in Design Thinking because it promises innovation. But how do innovations emerge from Design Thinking? We argue that Design Thinking supports innovation because it helps tackle complex and uncertain challenges, also called ‘wicked problems’. These types of challenges have an uncanny way of evading resolutions. In an increasingly complex and uncertain world, this chapter argues, responses to wicked problems emerge from the interplay of different professional and disciplinary perspectives. We suggest, then, to think of innovations as those solutions that successfully and creatively bring together the different insights from a range of disciplines, perspectives and professions. This, we contend, is exactly what Design Thinking enables teams to do: it provides an effective method for mobilising a wide range of disciplines, professions and perspectives for solving wicked problems.