State University "Kyiv Aviation Institute"

The Operation System (OS) of Aviation Radio Equipment (ARE) includes such elements as equipment, organizational structure, processes, documentation, personnel, measuring equipment, consumables and information resources, and others. When considering the problems of primary design and modernization of OSs, a large number of problems arise that can be solved with the help of intelligent decision support systems. During the operation of ARE, significant material resources are consumed, the amount of which is usually random. Therefore, during design, one of the main tasks is to ensure the minimum costs. This article considers the task of cost optimization within the organizational structure of the repair process. At the same time, the article provides analytical equations that allow to calculate and estimate operational costs for a given organizational structure, tariffs for repair and delivery of equipment components, and failure flow parameters. Attention is also paid to the task of rationalizing the organizational structure of the repair process, taking into account the efficiency of the decision-making procedures depending on the failure type (simple or complex). In addition, the article considers an example of several scenarios for the possible placement of repair enterprises in the airports of Ukraine during the post-war reconstruction period.

This paper develops algorithms for the direct synthesis of primitive Walsh systems generated by permutations of the basis functions of the Walsh-Paley mother system by simple Gray codes (SGCs). The algorithms are based on indicator matrices (IMs) of Walsh systems and tables of transitions from the mother system to one or another primitive system. Indicator matrices are n-th order symmetric with respect to the auxiliary diagonal, nondegenerate over , uniquely defining Walsh systems of N-th order, ( N=2^{n}) . The PCG subset includes both classical, named left- sided), and alternative (right-sided) codes. The formation of right-sided Gray codes is performed along the direction inverse to the direction of formation of classical codes. In addition to left- and right-sided codes (direct and inverse), the PCG subset includes operators of inverse permutation and cyclic shift of IM strings by one digit to the left or right.

It is shown that a banking institution is obliged to ensure an appropriate AML/CFT risk management system based on a risk-based approach; proportionality of procedures and measures to the nature and scale of the bank's activities; continuity of internal control and documentation of all decisions related to AML/CFT. It is established that combating money laundering protects a bank's reputation, reduces regulatory risks, and increases customer trust. At the same time, transparency of financial transactions contributes to building an effective customer strategy and offering profitable financial solutions. Mandatory requirements for the content of internal banking documents in the field of AML/CFT are described: the presence of risk-oriented procedures; determination of the procedure for organizing and operating AML/CFT and PFM systems; regulation of approaches to ML/CFT risk management; description of monitoring, detection, response and escalation processes. The principles of development and implementation of internal documents of the bank on AML/CFT issues, which are based on a risk-based approach, documentation of the processes of its application, are substantiated. It is shown that all internal documents on AML/CFT issues should be based on the principles of proportionality, reasonableness and demonstrability of the bank's actions when making decisions on business relationships and financial transactions. They should contain mandatory details and provisions, identify responsible units and employees in terms of establishing authority and responsibility for implementing AML/CFT procedures, and distributing responsibilities between structural units. The following elements of the AML/CFT management system in the bank are proposed: identification of key client categories, risk criteria and indicators of suspicious transactions, formalization of signs of risky behavior; prompt response to risk signals; formation of an electronic client questionnaire; correspondent relations with foreign financial institutions. Mechanisms for combating money laundering have been developed (transaction monitoring system, collection and verification of customer data, reporting to government agencies, staff training), as well as mechanisms for increasing the profitability of bank customers (providing personalized financial products, investment services, digital platforms and mobile banking, introducing loyalty and cashback programs, teaching financial literacy).

Analiza rozwoju podejść do oceny bezpieczeństwa finansowego przedsiębiorstwa pokazuje, że nie ma jednej metodologii, która potwierdzałaby istnienie pewnych problemów i wymagała ich rozwiązania. Hipotezą roboczą badania jest założenie, że zagrożenia finansowe są najbardziej destabilizującymi czynnikami wpływającymi na poziom bezpieczeństwa finansowego przedsiębiorstwa. Celem artykułu jest wyjaśnienie treści pojęć „bezpieczeństwo finansowe przedsiębiorstwa”, „zarządzanie bezpieczeństwem finansowym” oraz opracowanie podejścia metodycznego do oceny bezpieczeństwa finansowego przedsiębiorstwa w zmieniającym się otoczeniu zewnętrznym. W badaniu poszczególnych zadań zastosowano następujące metody: porównawczą i systematyzacyjną; graficzną; abstrakcyjną i logiczną. Praktyczne znaczenie wyników badań polega na uzasadnieniu modelu oceny bezpieczeństwa finansowego, który jest integralną częścią całego procesu zarządzania przedsiębiorstwem. Zaproponowano model i algorytm tworzenia i wdrażania strategii zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa finansowego przedsiębiorstwa.

Spreading of the COVID-19 pandemic caused a profound and long-lasting negative impact on the dynamics of air transportation of passengers and cargo, despite the priority role of aviation companies in the global economy. The pandemic also negatively affected the efficiency of air transport logistics, which necessitated a more in-depth analysis of the factors of influence on changes in its level. The study reveals a methodological approach that allows to make a sound assessment of internal and external factors of influence and, based on its results, to develop a system of organizational and economic solutions for improving the efficiency of air transport logistics. In the context of the above, the advantages of using the integral indicators method for analysing the efficiency of aviation companies logistics are clarified. Based on the methods of selective observation and calculation of the system of relative and average values of changes in basic indicators, global trends in the development of aviation commerce are summarized and aviation companies that occupy leading positions in the provision of air transportation of passengers and cargo are identified. By synthesizing the methods of integral and point evaluation, the influence of sub-factors of external and internal logistics efficiency of the world's leading aviation companies for passenger transportation in the periods before and after COVID-19 was analysed. It was found that the aviation industry has fully recovered after spreading of the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of dynamics and efficiency of air transport logistics. As proposals based on the research results, a system of goals, influencing factors and resource provision for increasing the efficiency of air transport logistics in the post-COVID period was specified.

Amidst the global digital transformation and the expanding IT sector, particularly in Ukraine, it is essential to examine how digitalization affects structural shifts within the national economy. This study aims to analyze the impact of digitalization on the growth of Ukraine’s IT sector, focusing on comparing the economic metrics of freelancing and outsourcing and providing strategic recommendations to enhance entrepreneurial activity in this area. During the research, the methods of expert evaluations, economic-mathematical modelling, comparative analysis, and statistical data analysis were used. The research revealed that digitalization significantly influences structural changes in the national economy, particularly through the advancement of the IT sector. It was established that outsourcing has significant advantages compared to freelancing in terms of such indicators as the share of the GDP of the IT sector and the volume of exports of IT services. By analyzing the economic indicators of freelancing and outsourcing, specific recommendations were developed for the continued growth of Ukraine’s IT sector, aimed at boosting entrepreneurial activity and creating new job opportunities. The key factors influencing IT specialists’ employment choices were summarized, which is crucial for the continued development of the national economy in the context of digitalization. The practical value of this research is that its findings can be utilized to enhance Ukraine’s IT sector, particularly by backing outsourcing businesses and promoting the expansion of freelance platforms.

Modern computational models tend to become more and more complex, especially in fields like computational biology, physical modeling, social simulation, and others. With the increasing complexity of simulations, modern computational architectures demand efficient parallel execution strategies. This paper proposes a novel approach leveraging the reactive stream paradigm as a general-purpose synchronization protocol for parallel simulation. We introduce a method to construct simulation graphs from predefined transition functions, ensuring modularity and reusability. Additionally, we outline strategies for graph optimization and interactive simulation through push and pull patterns. The resulting computational graph, implemented using reactive streams, offers a scalable framework for parallel computation. Through theoretical analysis and practical implementation, we demonstrate the feasibility of this approach, highlighting its advantages over traditional parallel simulation methods. Finally, we discuss future challenges, including automatic graph construction, fault tolerance, and optimization strategies, as key areas for further research.

This article presents an approach to assessing the quality of groundwater based on a multi-model analysis of the Water Quality Index (WQI) using various weighting methods: expert-based (ISWM), entropy-based (EWM), and health risk-oriented (HRWM). The aim of the study is to identify the most sensitive and objective weighting method for groundwater quality assessment, considering the toxicological characteristics of pollutants and their potential health risks. The methodology involves the normalization of hydrochemical indicators, the calculation of WQI for six wells located in the Izium district (Kharkiv region, Ukraine), and the estimation of risks according to the USEPA guidelines. In the HRWM model, reference doses (RfD) and cancer slope factors (CIC) are used to determine the weight of each pollutant in the overall index. The results indicate that the HRWM approach is the most sensitive to toxic components (such as NO2–, Fe, Mn), able to identify risks even at concentrations below maximum permissible levels. The method effectively highlights priority pollution sources that require immediate environmental attention and monitoring. Limitations of the study include the relatively small number of analyzed wells and the restricted list of parameters with available toxicological data, which may affect the comprehensiveness of assessment in broader applications. The practical value of the approach lies in the ability to adapt the HRWM method for real-world groundwater monitoring, especially in regions with limited analytical or financial resources. It can also be incorporated into decision-making systems for drinking water quality management. The scientific novelty of this research consists in the integrated use of three WQI weighting models within a single study, along with a comparative evaluation of their diagnostic effectiveness in identifying medically and environmentally relevant risks. The approach enhances the incorporation of biomedical criteria into traditional water quality assessment frameworks.

The article discusses the principles of water resources management within river basins in Ukraine and the world. The principle of international water resources management in transboundary river basins is based on an integrated approach that involves considering the entire basin as a single management and planning system. The purpose of the study is Increasing the level of reliability of the assessment of the ecological state of a surface water body by taking into account the impact of an upstream tributary on a downstream tributary within the sub-basin on the change in the ecological state of the main waterway of Ukraine. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that the methodology for a comprehensive assessment of the ecological state of a surface water body has been further developed, which allows them to be ranked by their ability to transfer pollutants within a subbasin. An algorithm of management actions for the implementation of the basin principle of water resources management is proposed, based on an integrated approach to assessing the ecological status of a surface water body subbasin by taking into account the impact of the left tributaries of the Dnipro River on the ecological status of the main waterway, which involves the sequential implementation of the following steps: collection and processing of the data obtained by each involved structure, determination of the predicted value of the impact of upstream tributaries on downstream tributaries of the main river within the subbasin, etc. The units involved in the developed algorithm, either independently or in cooperation with another organization, should immediately take the necessary measures to inspect and clarify the situation, to eliminate the consequences and control the situation that has arisen on the water body. Recommendations have been developed to improve the methodology for assessing the ecological status of a surface water body based on an algorithm of management actions, using a mathematical model for predicting changes in the ecological status of the main waterway within the basin, by taking into account the mutual influence of the left tributaries of the Dnipro sub-basins for prompt response to natural and man-made emergencies.

We propose a new recurrent sigmoid piecewise linear neuron that can be used in neural networks to perform time series forecasting. The neuron model guarantees its dynamical stability for any sequence of input values and any number of recurrent steps and provides an upper bound for the variance of context vector elements. The neuron can be used as a drop-in replacement for the popular long short-term memory and gated recurrent unit neurons. In addition to theoretical analysis experiments on real-world time series were performed to evaluate networks with different structures and neuron types. Experiments show that networks with the new neuron achieve better test accuracy while using a considerably smaller number of trainable parameters.

Відсутність підходів до оцінювання підготовки демінерів у радіаційно-забрудненій місцевості ускладнює гуманітарне розмінування. Аналіз використання захисного спорядження та застосування нормативів показав значиме скорочення часу підготовки. Експеримент підтвердив ефективність нормативів і рекомендацій. Крім цього підтверджена ефективність розробки оперативно-технічних рекомендацій щодо вдосконалення гуманітарного розмінування радіаційно-забрудненої місцевості за результатами аналізу закономірностей діяльності особового складу.

Although the COVID-19 crisis reduced the total number of people suffering from aviation noise, along with significant noise reduction achieved through the effective implementation of the ICAO Balanced Approach, aviation noise continues to be a sensitive environmental factor for local communities. Developing a comprehensive management strategy requires realistic input data for accurate noise modeling and management. This study explores the integration of ADS-B data to improve aviation noise management and multicriteria optimization. The maximum entropy approach is applied to incorporate environmental and operational interrelationships, including noise criteria from various sources. This proposed methodology presents a holistic approach that unites aviation noise modeling, monitoring/measuring, and management to identify and substantiate the best noise reduction practices for a specific airport. The study specifically examines the sensitivity of noise modeling results to realistic flight tracks (ADS-B data) for urban airports in Ukraine, focusing on both lateral (approach and departure stages) and vertical dispersion. Test cases are outlined to demonstrate the efficiency of the entropy-based optimization model.

In the article, the authors presented the results of research on establishing a synthesis of the current mechanisms of engineering and environmental management, taking into account the technological transformation of agrotronics. In their methodological approaches, the authors took into account the possibilities of the production cycle using the innovations of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The dominant element is the use of artificial intelligence as a resource approach of innovative engineering technology. In addition, the authors consider approaches to the formation of analytics, robotics, mechatronics, automation, blockchain, nanomaterials, materials with memory, cloud technologies, virtual visualization, reality and augmented reality, 3D scanning, agricultural drones, 5G. A certain lag behind agricultural machinery manufacturers in the implementation of these technologies is due to the high cost of conversion, retraining, digitization of processes and is exacerbated by the rapid development of new technologies.