Shoolini University

The study aimed to optimize the hydrolysis process of soybean oil seeds to produce protein hydrolysate powder with enhanced functional properties. The proximate analysis revealed that the hydrolysate had a significantly higher protein content (60.33%) compared to the original oil seed cake (46.26%). Using response surface methodology, the optimum condition of hydrolysis was found to be at pH 8 with an enzyme concentration of 0.3%. Under these conditions, the hydrolysate showed high antioxidant activity of (45.80%), total phenolic content of (1.80 mg GAE/g), and total flavonoid content of (0.54 mg QE/g). The techno‐functional properties of the optimized hydrolysate powder, including bulk density (0.51 g/mL), tapped density (0.66 g/mL), foaming capacity (22%), foam stability (50.4%), water absorption index (2.28 g/g), water solubility (59.66%), and oil absorption capacity (1.34 g/g) were found to be superior compared to other protein hydrolysates from literature. Characterization by FTIR revealed the presence of alcohol, alkane, amine, fluoro, and halo compounds, while XRD indicated a semi‐crystalline nature. SEM analysis showed a microporous, broken, and brittle morphology. The hydrolysate also exhibited promising bioactivities, with 40.33% lipase inhibition, 53.47% amylase inhibition, and prolonged glucose retention time up to 240 min in an in vitro model. These results demonstrate the potential of the optimized soybean oil seed cake protein hydrolysate as a value‐added product for applications in food, pharmaceutical, and biotechnology industries.

Human resources (HR) supervises and prepares people to achieve an organisation’s goals. Training boosts organisational growth by improving staff skills and knowledge. HR department organises departmental training. Continue teaching and updating departmental workers and HR managers. HR will learn new ways to adapt to evolving technology, helping the organisation grow. This study classifies Scopus data by research topics and trends. Topic modelling and Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) are used to analyse 4,624 papers from 1961 to 2022. Topic modelling selects 2, 5 and 10 study areas. The author’s keywords in the analysis can help uncover relevant research clusters and provide a more detailed view of the research environment. The study identifies the promising research areas and suggests future directions. Human resource specialists can tailor technology training to skill areas by projecting future research trends. It helps organisations adapt to a fast-changing market, manage resources, engage with industry and academia, and plan strategic HR.

Organic and inorganic contaminants are entrained into environmental systems through natural and anthropogenic processes, such as mining activities, manufacturing, and waste disposal. In terrestrial and aquatic environments, the contaminant(s) remediation can be achieved by immobilization, thereby inhibiting their dispersal and bioavailability. Mobilization, through leaching and plant uptake, is another process of pollutant removal. Phytoremediation has attracted attention as an eco-friendly alternative for the remediation of contaminated environments. However, the safe management of post-phytoremediation contaminated biomass poses many practical challenges. Understanding the fate of the pollutants in the plants allows the estimation of the possible transfer of the contaminants to the food chain ascertain by-products or residues during biofuel production. Metal-enriched fractions could be used as a valuable source of novel catalysts or reusable materials. The safe conversion of biomass into energy may require sequestering contaminants at any step of the process, preferably upstream of the energy conversion or as a pre-treatment of plant biomass. Through gasification or pyrolysis of post-remediation biomass, bioenergy products (including syngas, oil, hydrogen gas, biochar, and hydrochar) can be used for heating and electricity generation. A comparative evaluation among pyrolysis, gasification, combustion, and liquefaction/fermentation processes for biofuel production from post-phytoremediation biomass suggests that pyrolysis is the strategy with the lowest transfer of toxic metals to the final products. This review presents critical discussions of the processes involved in phytoremediation of contaminated environments, the redistribution of contaminants within plant biomass, the sustainable management of post-phytoremediation biomass, and the unintended environmental consequences of phytoremediation.

Impurity separation and detection are essential processes in the pharmaceutical industry to preserve the quality of drugs as the impurities have the potential to significantly impair the therapeutic efficacy of an active ingredient and have negative effects on pharmaceutical formulations. The primary determinant of drug development is the creation of products that adhere to the highest standards of quality and safety, with a particular emphasis on effectively managing impurities in the therapeutic ingredients. To ensure that the resulting pharmaceutical possesses a high level of safety, meticulous identification, precise quantification, and stringent management of any extraneous components present in the drug ingredient need to be performed. The literature was compiled from different databases, such as DOAJ, PubMed, Research Gate, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Science Direct. Several organic and inorganic contaminants that are frequently present in final products and active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) were covered, along with the crucial section for quality control and fundamental details on their security, toxicity, detection limits, and quantification limitations. Pharmaceutical companies resolve the problem of the presence of impurities by adhering to strict regulatory requirements set by reputable agencies, like the ICH, USFDA, EMA, and PMDA. Also, impurity profiling is required for the regulatory submissions of new drug candidates. In some pharmacopoeias, impurity profiling and reporting are also included. To identify and measure contaminants, a variety of analytical techniques are employed, as discussed in this article. This paper covers the scientific features of contaminants present in pharmaceutical preparations, their prevention strategies, and the application of state-of-the-art analytical techniques for their detection.

One Health is an emerging area of integrative studies and interventions aimed at preventing zoonotic diseases by addressing human, animal, and environmental interactions. A fundamental aspect of the concept is understanding how these interactions influence health outcomes among humans, animals, and ecosystems. Developed initially to respond to the need for more human and veterinary medicine collaboration, One Health must include social and environmental dimensions and biomedicine to establish a biomedical‐integrative system. A comprehensive approach must also be applied to the research's social, biological, historical, and local aspects. With One Health, health‐related disciplines can be reconciled, and its transdisciplinary imperative will provide solutions to the limitations of current biomedical and public health principles. This article aims to discuss and define zoonoses in different sectors. Accordingly, it calls for developing an international priority‐setting framework to monitor, report, and assess zoonoses following their relative health conditions in epidemic, endemic, and pandemic settings. Current models of global health governance in pandemic prevention still face challenges, such as policy incoherence, response delays, and inequity in resource access. International coordination, investment in surveillance systems, and promotion of information transparency are key strategies for improving health crisis management. Accordingly, it is suggested that member states of international organizations participate more actively in establishing cooperation frameworks and develop more effective implementation mechanisms for managing emerging health threats. To safeguard global health security, policymakers, researchers, and public health officials will find insights, recommendations, and actionable strategies in this article.

Background Moringa oleiferan-hexane (MO n-Hex) seed extract contains phytoconstituents such as behenic acid, quercetin, and kaempferol. These exhibit anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, and antioxidant properties and can alleviate atopic dermatitis (AD)-like symptoms. Purpose This study aimed to develop and evaluate MO n-Hex seed extract-loaded microemulsion (ME) hydrogel to provide an effective, safe, non-steroidal, plant-based alternative to conventional therapies in the topical management of AD. Methods Optimized o/w ME was developed by building pseudo-ternary phase diagrams. Ex vivo skin penetration was determined by employing CLSM analysis. Further, skin compatibility, histological analysis, and pharmacodynamics were carried out using a DNCB-induced AD model in BALB/c mice. Results The best o/w ME demonstrated nearly spherical globules with size < 50 nm, zeta potential − 28.83 ± 0.492, and pH value 5.433 ± 0.047. The in vivo efficacy revealed significant improvements in AD-like symptoms, healed ear skin lesions, and lowered IgE levels and inflammatory cytokiness (IL-4, IL-5, and IFN-γ). Further, histological analysis confirmed the restoration of skin structure, supporting the formulation’s potential in skin barrier repair. Conclusions The study demonstrated that the MO n-Hex seed extract-loaded MEs were suitable for topical use with improved penetration to deeper layers of skin while showing safety and better skin compliance. The formulated MEs effectively modulated immune responses and restored skin structure and barrier functioning. Graphical abstract

Here, we present a silver-catalyzed method for the selective oxidation of benzylic Csp³–H bonds with high chemo- and regioselectivity. This approach efficiently converts toluenes into aldehydes, methylenes into ketones, and...

A graphene quantum dot/2D graphitic carbon nitride (GQD)/g-C3N4)-based ultrasensitive DNA biosensor was constructed using 5’ aminated DNA probes immobilized onto the surface of a screen-printed paper electrode (SPPE) for the...

Antipathogenic strategies are radical vectors in symptomatic treatment and averting morbidity of high-risk contagious contributing to the complex paradigm of one health management. This study investigates the physicochemical attributes and antimicrobial activities in synergy with the photocatalytic efficacy of biogenic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Biogenic AgNPs were engineered using an economical and eco-friendly route employing the Lemongrass’s essential oil as a multifunctional reducing, capping, stabilizing, and doping agent. Structural and morphological outcomes reveal the formation of crystalline spherical AgNPs with a size of 7 to 30 nm. Fabricated AgNPs exhibited broadband antibacterial (against Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli) potencies comparable to state-of-the-art antipathogenic drugs utilized for treating infectious disorders. Besides, engineered biogenic AgNPs demonstrated excellent photocatalytic degradation effectiveness of roughly 96.63% towards methylene blue (MB) in Sunlight for 2 h without the use of an external reducing agent. Moreover, the biogenic AgNPs open new windows to tackle the prominent issues of antimicrobial resistance and greener dye removal causative to sustainable water health management. Based on the exceptional results, imperative from a biocompatible, non-toxic, eco-friendly, and economic perspective, such essential oil -mediated AgNPs are novel nanoplatforms for broadband one health applications.

This study aims to assess the phytochemical composition, antioxidant potential, and antidiabetic properties of Erigeron annuus (L.) Pers. The ethyl acetate fraction of Erigeron annuus leaves exhibited the highest extraction rate (22.42%). The preliminary qualitative phytochemical analysis in crude extract and fractions is often performed using chemical tests. For quantitative analysis, spectrophotometric methods are widely used to estimate the concentration of phytochemicals. The antioxidant properties were evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, which measures the reduction of Fe 3+ to Fe 2+. Qualitative screening revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, and alkaloids. Notably, the ethyl acetate fraction showed significantly (p < 0 05) higher total phenolic content (70 01 ± 1 1 mg/g) and total flavonoid content (80 29 ± 1 03 mg/g). This fraction also demonstrated substantial α-amylase inhibitory activity and antioxidant potential, suggesting the ability of polyphenols to reduce α-amylase activity. The α-amylase inhibition (23 15 ± 1 22% to 67 31 ± 2 01%) activity and IC 50 value (40 59 ± 0 03 μg/mL) were notably higher in the ethyl acetate fraction compared with the standard drug metformin (19 88 ± 1 51 μg/mL). Erigeron annuus ethyl acetate fraction exhibited significantly higher glucose levels (10 88% ± 1 29% to 65 11 ± 0 94%) and conducted a lipid peroxidation experiment utilizing egg yolk as the source of lipids with high content. The most bioactive fraction was evaluated for cytotoxicity against the HEK293 cell line. The cytotoxicity assay revealed that 50% cell viability was observed at a concentration of 50 μg/mL, indicating that the plant extract is nontoxic at concentrations below this threshold. Furthermore, the dominant fraction was further investigated using liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy and high-performance thin-layer chromatography techniques from the selected plant. Moreover, an in vivo study will be performed to evaluate the antidiabetic efficacy of Erigeron annuus, isolate and characterize its bioactive components, and examine its molecular mechanism of action to improve its therapeutic applicability.