Politeknik Negeri Tanah Laut

Minyak goreng bekas adalah limbah minyak goreng yang telah digunakan oleh masyarakat di dalam rumah tangga atau industri. Metode yang efisien dan sederhana pada pemurnian minyak goreng bekas adalah secara adsorpsi dengan menggunakan bioadsorben. Limbah fiber stasiun press kelapa sawit dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bioadsorben untuk proses pemurnian minyak goreng bekas. Tujuan Penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis kualitas bioadsorben dari limbah fiber kelapa sawit dan menganalisis hasil pemurnian minyak goreng bekas menggunakan bioadsorben dari limbah fiber kelapa sawit. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah metode eksperimental dengan tahapan preparasi limbah fiber menjadi bioadsorben, pemurniaan minyak goreng bekas menggunakan bioadsorben dan analisis minyak goreng bekas. Minyak goreng bekas 200 ml ditambahkan adsorben 1, 3 dan 5 gram dengan variasi waktu pengadukan 30, 60 dan 90 menit. Hasil kualitas bioadsorben dari limbah fiber kelapa sawit pada parameter kadar air, kadar abu, bagian yang hilang pada pemanasan 950 ˚C dan karbon aktif murni sudah memenuhi SNI 06-3730-1995. Proses analisa minyak goreng bekas terbaik pada kadar air, bilangan asam, asam lemak bebas dan bilangan peroksida terdapat pada waktu pengadukan 90 menit, nilai yang diperoleh mengalami penurunan tetapi belum memenuhi standar mutu minyak goreng menurut SNI-7709:2019.

Plastic waste is the most serious environmental problem in the last two decades. Plastic material derived from petroleum-based materials such as polystyrene, polyethylene, and polypropylene creates serious environmental problems due to hard to decompose. Accumulation of plastic waste may reduce function and fertility of soil, as well as may harm organisms through the bioaccumulation and biomagnification. This review aims to investigate the latest work on biodegradable pot, including biomaterials and natural fiber applied for biodegradable pot, technical (physico-mechanical) properties, degradability in the environment (water and soil) and current applications in agriculture such as horticulture, floriculture, plantation, and agroforestry. Development and application of biodegradable pot are expected to be a new approach to achieve sustainable agricultural goals that take into account the elements of agriculture productivity and the environment.

Students' motivation to learn English is low. Consequently, in the eyes of the students, English subjects become less meaningful, and the end of all that is low in students' achievement. This study aimed to investigate the use of Music Video ASL (American Sign Language) to improve students learning achievement and motivation at the Politeknik Negeri Tanah Laut. The study was classroom action research conducted in two cycles with the subjects of the second-semester Agroindustry study program, Politeknik Negeri Tanah Laut. The data sources were formative tests conducted at the end of every cycle, classroom observation, and student questionnaires. Data were analyzed descriptively to know the improvement of students' achievement and motivation in the learning process towards implementing Video ASL in the classroom. The research findings revealed improvement in students' achievement, from the average score of 52.19 in the pre-cycle, 69.84 at the end of Cycle 1, and 76.41 in Cycle 2. The study concluded that using Music Video ASL motivated students; they actively participated in the class and had very positive views.

Processing activities of oil palm fruit into CPO produce liquid waste that can pollute the environment, so it is necessary to process liquid waste in palm oil mills. This study aims to design the filtration to overcome the existing pollution in the palm oil mill. The table shows the formation of 3 filter ABC formations has the highest speed of 6.419 m/s. When we place a large meshing hole on the first level, the speed and speed are smaller, this can be seen in the CBA, CBAC and CBACB formations. The meshing formation with a small size in the first position can increase the speed and pressure, we can see this in the ABC, ABCA and ABCAB formations so that the oil palm wastewater filtration process can run smoothly without a decrease in fluid velocity.

Climate change caused by many factors. One of the factors that influence climate change is building. This can happen from planning, constructing, using, and maintaining. One thing that can do to prevent buildings from contributing to climate change is to prepare them as best as possible at the planning stage. This study aims to explore the form of a dormitory building that applies the concept of passive cooling. The research method carried out qualitatively with a descriptive approach. The method used in this research done by created a building model using design software. The results of the study found that to apply passive cooling buildings were some ways. Firstly, plant vegetations around the building. Secondly, make building orientation to the north and south. Thirdly, design the alleys that allow wind to enter the building area. Fourthly, use the sun shading in front of the windows to reduce excess heat. Fifthly, use materials that can reduce heat and make cool the rooms. Seventhly, provide pedestrian paths comfortably in the dormitory environment to reduce vehicle use. Finally, plant the grasses and use paving blocks in the landscape area around the dormitory to reduce rainwater runoff and maintain water supply around the site.

Abstract The large component of feed costs in the production cost of laying ducks requires farmers to use the cheaper feed ingredients but can still meet nutritional needs and maintain good production performance of alabio laying ducks. This study aims to determine the effect of the use of duckweeds in diets on the production performance of alabio ducks including egg production, feed consumption, feed conversion, income over feed-cost, egg weight, yolk-color, and cholesterol levels in duck eggs.The study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method with four treatments and five replications, each of which consisted of three Alabio laying ducks. The research treatments were P0 = 0% the use of duck weed, P1 = 10% the use of duck weed int, P2 = 20% the use of duck weed, and P3 = 30% the use of duck weed for every of the diet treatment. The results showed that the use of duck weeds (Lemna minor) up to 30% in the feed diet had no effect on the amount of egg production, percentage of egg production, feed conversion, egg weight, and IOFC values but it affected the feed consumption, yolk color and cholesterol content of alabio duck eggs. The feed consumptions were not different from the control diet until 20% use of duck weeds, but decreased at 30% due to increased crude fiber feed. The Yolk color scores increased and the egg cholesterol content decreased with increasing use of duck weeds in feed diets. Duck weed has a great opportunity to be used as a source of protein feed. Keywords: Duckweed; Feed-diets; Laying alabio-ducks; Production performance Abstrak Besarnya komponen biaya pakan dalam biaya produksi itik petelur menuntut peternak menggunakan sumber bahan pakan yang murah tapi tetap dapat memenuhi kebutuhan nutrisi dan mempertahankan performans produksi itik alabio petelur yang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui manfaat penggunaan gulma bebek dalam ransum terhadap performans produksi itik alabio meliputi produksi telur, konsumsi ransum, konversi pakan, income over feed-cost, bobot. telur, yolk-color (warna kuning telur), dan kadar kolesterol di dalam telur itik sebagai alternatif bahan pakan sumber protein. Penelitian menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan dan lima ulangan, dimana setiap ulangan terdiri dari tiga ekor itik alabio petelur. Perlakuan penelitian yaitu P0 = 0 % gulma bebek, P1 = 10 % gulma bebek, P2 = 20 % gulma bebek dan P3 = 30 % gulma bebek digunakan pada tiap ransum perlakuan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan gulma bebek (Lemna minor) hingga 30% dalam ransum tidak berpengaruh pada jumlah produksi telur, persentasi produksi telur, konversi pakan, bobot telur, dan nilai IOFC tapi berpengaruh terhadap konsumsi ransum, yolk color dan kandungan kolesterol telur itik alabio. Konsumsi ransum tidak berbeda dengan pakan kontrol hingga penggunaan gulma bebek 20%, tapi menurun pada 30% karena meningkatnya serat kasar pakan. Score yolk color meningkat dan kandungan kolesterol telur menurun dengan meningkatnya penggunaan gulma bebek dalam ransum. Gulma bebek berpeluang besar dapat digunakan sebagai bahan pakan sumber protein. Kata Kunci: Gulma bebek; Itik alabio petelur; Performans produksi; Ransum

The aim of this paper is to present the statistical model simmulation about the definite integral concept based on upersum and lowersum random partitions by using geogebra. The random partitions of the uppersum and lowersum in determine the value of definite integral is used to find out the statsitical distribution of its generated random variable. Based on Kolmogorov Smirnov Test, the random variable data of subinterval partitions on uppersum and lowersum by using goegebra followed the certain statistical distribution. The random partitions of uppersum and lowersums followed Burr 4 parameter, Log-Pearson 3, and Pearson 6 distributions.

This optimization is an optimization case that organizes all possible and feasible solutions in discrete form. One form of combinatorial optimization that can be used as material in testing a method is the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP). In this study, the bat algorithm will be used to find the optimum value in TSP. Utilization of the Metaheuristic Algorithm through the concept of the Bat Algorithm is able to provide optimal results in searching for the shortest distance in the case of TSP. Based on trials conducted using data on the location of student street vendors, the Bat Algortima is able to obtain the global minimum or the shortest distance when compared to the nearest neighbor method, Hungarian method, branch and bound method.

Home gardens are an essential component of the local food system and family farming worldwide. In Indonesia, a home food gardening program was initiated in the early 2010s to optimally utilize home yards for improving the adequacy of food consumption and nutrition intake of households. In the present challenging situation of Covid-19 pandemic, there has been a growing interest in home gardens to help mitigate food insecurity caused by food supply chain disruptions and the emergence of physical and economic barriers that limit access to food. This paper is a review of pertinent literature to find out the characteristics of home gardens and home gardening program in Indonesia and then examine their contribution to each pillar of food security: availability, access, utilization, and stability. The experiences of home gardens worldwide are reviewed to understand the global context of home gardens and food security. Literature reviews found a positive impact of home gardening program on food availability, access, and utilization. However, improving food stability through a home food gardening program is still a challenging task. This finding implies that the positive contribution of the home food gardening program to household food security is largely limited to the program period. Nevertheless, the program is still an important strategy to address food insecurity and nutrition deficiency of low-income households. Future research should assess factors affecting the sustainability of the program to derive viable models applicable in diverse circumstances. There is a need for research to assess the value and importance of home gardens as a coping strategy to reduce vulnerability and food insecurity in the present global Covid-19 pandemic.

Although Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) can be used as a raw material for biodiesel production, the POME contains an excessive amount of Free Fatty Acids (FFA), necessitating a preliminary process and esterification. POME is degummed using phosphate acid and bleached with carbon active. Additionally, this study used KOH-impregnated zeolite to reduce FFA. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of adding impregnated zeolite on esterification. POME was heated to 600C for 30 minutes, then degumming with 3 % of phosphate acid for 30 minutes, followed by bleaching with carbon active with a comparison ratio of 8:3 at 1000C for 1 hour, and finally, esterification with 3 percent impregnated zeolite from the POME weight at 600C for 4 hours. The analysis was conducted using titration methods to determine the FFA of each esterification. The data will be compared between zeolite and non-zeolite degumming, bleaching, and esterification. The results indicated that the most effective method for reducing FFA was degumming, bleaching, and esterification with zeolite.

Ikan nila belum banyak dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat Sangihe dan menjadi pilihan terakhir untuk dikonsumsi. Pemanfaatan daging ikan nila sebagai bahan baku sediaan protein seperti konsentrat protein dirasa sangat tepat sehingga dapat mengoptimalkan potensi ikan nila di Sangihe. Konsentrat protein dapat diekstrak dengan menggunakan pelarut organik seperti etanol. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah ekstraksi konsentrat protein dari ikan nila dengan menggunakan pelarut etanol dan menganalisis sifat fisiko-kimianya. Tahapan penelitian terdiri dari ekstraksi dengan pelarut etanol dan analisis sifat fisiko-kimianya. Data-data dibahas secara deskriptif. Rendemen KPI yang diperoleh berkisar 16,53% dengan kadar protein 61,13%, kadar lemak 7,11%, derajat putih 74,77%, dan nilai bau 2. Hasil ini menunjukkan KPI nila yang diekstrak menggunakan pelarut etanol masih tergolong KPI tipe C. Walaupun demikian, hasil pengujian asam amino menunjukkan KPI nila mengandung 20 jenis asam amino dengan lysine sebagai asam amino terbanyak (55,70 mg/g), sedangkan pengujian asam lemak menunjukkan KPI nila mengandung 27 jenis asam lemak dengan jumlah asam lemak omega-3 sebanyak 5 jenis (C18:4 n-3, C18:3 n-3, C20;4 n-3, C20:5 n-3, C22:6 n-3), omega-6 sebanyak 7 jenis (C18:2 n-6, C18:2 n-6, C18:3 n-6, C20:2 n-6, C20:3 n-6, C20:4 n-6, C22:5 n-6), dan omega-9 sebanyak 4 jenis (C18:1 n-9, C18:1 n-9, C20:1 n-9, C22:1 n-9). Jumlah asam lemak tertinggi adalah asam lemak oleic acid (14,31 mg/g). Hasil penelitian ini dirasa belum optimal sehingga perlu dilakukan modifikasi metode ekstraksi untuk memperoleh kualitas KPI yang lebih baik.

Candy is a snack that is loved by many people, especially children because it has a sweet taste. The texture of the candy is divided into hard candy (hard candy) and soft candy (soft candy). One example of soft candy is jelly candy. Jelly is a candy made from water or plant juice and gel-forming material. The material that can be used in making jelly candy is juice from corn. Corn is a cereal crop that contains starch or sugar, this corn is usually needed in the industrial world as feed or in the food processing industry. The purpose of this study was to produce corn jelly candy products favored by panelists through hedonic testing, hedonic quality, moisture content, ash content, and pH in accordance with SNI (Indonesian National Standard). This research method is experimental with the addition of corn juice in the manufacture of jelly candy with formulations of 0 grams, 90 grams, 100 grams, and 110 grams, then tested the level of preference (hedonic), hedonic quality, water content, ash content, and acidity. The results showed that the best formulation was 110 grams with hedonic values of color, texture, aroma, and flavor parameters which were highly favored by the panelists, hedonic quality values were very rubbery, the aroma was very flavorful typical of corn and the taste was very corny. Value of water content of 7.80%, ash content of 0.33%, and pH or acidity level 6.

Indarjo A, Salim G, Nugraeni CD, Zein M, Ransangan J, Prakoso LY, Suhirwan, Anggoro S. 2021. Length-weight relationship, sex ratio, mortality and growth condition of natural stock of Macrobrachium rosenbergii from the estuarine systems of North Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 846-857. Giant prawns (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) in North Kalimantan Province, Indonesia are commonly found inhabiting estuarine areas in Salimbatu Village (Bulungan District), Tepian Village (Nunukan District) and Buong Baru and Sesayap Villages (Tana Tidung District). The present study was conducted to analyze the relationship between length and weight, sex ratio, mortality, and growth condition index of the naturally occurring giant prawns in three districts namely Bulungan, Nunukan, and Tana Tidung in the North Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. The samplings were carried out for a period of seven months beginning April to November 2020. The results revealed that the giant prawns in Buong Baru Village, Sesayap Village, and Salimbatu Village were characterized to have negative allometric growth patterns. Interestingly, the male giant prawns in Tepian Village were observed to exhibit positive allometric growth pattern. The ratio sex analysis of the giant prawns in the four villages indicated that female prawns were more than male. In terms of size distribution, Salimbatu Village exhibited 60.1% of prawns measured at 14.02-17.74cm (size range of 10.3-47.5 cm). In Tepian Village, 32.9% of the prawns were observed to measure between 11.20-12.80 cm (size range of 8.0-24.0 cm). In Buong Baru Village, it was observed 18.5% of the prawns measured 22.0-25.5 cm and 29.0-32.5 cm (size range of 15.0-50.0 cm), respectively. Finally, 28.3% of the prawns in Sesayap Village was observed to measure at 12.19-14.02 cm from the overall size distribution between 6.7-25.0 cm. Relative condition factor of giant prawns found in the waters of Salimbatu Village, Tepian Village, and Buong Baru Village waters and Sesayap Village waters was characterized by thin body shape. The maximum length of male prawns was higher than female prawns in Salimbatu Village, Desa Tepian and Sesayap Village, except in Buong Baru Village where female was longer than male. The exploitation rate and fishing mortalities of prawns were higher in Buong Baru Village, Tana Tidung District. Giant prawn fishery contributes to the socioeconomic development of the people in North Kalimantan. Hence, sustainable fishery management of this species, particularly in Buong Baru Village is urgently needed so that it can continue to provide livelihoods to the fishermen in the area.

Based on its nutritional content, bilimbi contains high vitamin C, high water content, and has a relatively short shelf life. This study aimed to make jumbo raisins to produce raisins preferred by consumers, and analyze its quality based on its water content, vitamin C content, and the level of panelist acceptance. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) single factor with variations of concentration of sugar solution (50%, 75% and 100%). The quality tests were including water content by drying using an oven, vitamin C content by iodometry, and the level of acceptance through organoleptic tests (taste, color and aroma). The results showed that bilimbi raisin with 100% sugar is preferred by panelists based on its taste (score 3) and aroma (score 3), and had a water content of 11.91% and vitamin C content of 5.13 mg / 100 g.

Every year the production motorcycles has increased. In 2017 to 2018 the increase reached 8,112,364 units or 7.24%. Motorcycles are the most popular among Indonesian people, especially the lower middle class to facilitate mobilization in daily activities. As the rapid growth of motorcycle, the number of criminal motorcycles theft is also high. criminal motorcycles data for 2018 amounted to 27,731 cases and for 2017 there were 35,226 cases. Motorcycles are often the object of theft because it is easier in terms of mobilization in terms of the theft process to the sale to collectors compared cars and above. In addition, the security side provided by motorcycles manufacturers is still relatively low, only a few manufacturers have listed an alarm feature in their production. The modus operandi that the perpetrators often use is to destroy the key house by using the T key, but also by seizing directly, pretending to borrow to spread nails on certain streets. This study aims to develop a tool (Smart motor) that can be used as an anti-theft security with the media validation of the driver's license and vehicle registration so that the motor can not be turned on if it does not bring the driver’s licence and vehicle registration registered on the device. With the device built, the owner is required to bring the vehicle registration and driver’s licence so that the motor can be turned on. This is also useful in order to comply with traffic rules set by the police, namely by carrying a complete driving while traveling

Jumlah produksi tanaman palawija di Kabupaten Tanah Laut yang fluktuatif berdampak pada jumlah persediaan pangan. Jika terjadi penurunan jumlah produksi tanaman palawija dibanding tahun sebelumnya, maka pemerintah sebagai pemangku kepentingan harus mempunyai rencana untuk menghadapi keadaan ini. Hal ini dapat dilakukan apabila pemerintah mempunyai hasil prediksi produksi tanaman palawija. Hasil peramalan yang tepat dapat dihasilkan dengan memilih metode yang tepat pula. Penelitian ini menggunakan tiga metode untuk meramalkan produksi tanaman palawija, yakni Elman Recurrent Neural Network (ERNN), Backpropagation Neural Network (BPNN), dan Exponential Smoothing (ES). Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) digunakan untuk mengetahui performa terbaik dari ketiga metode peramalan tersebut. Visual Basic digunakan sebagai alat bantu untuk menjalankan program dan perhitungan MAPE. Penelitian ini menghasilkan bahwa MAPE untuk ERNN berada pada rentang 0.0151 sampai dengan 3.3610, BPNN pada rentang 0.0896 sampai dengan 3638.0264, ES pada rentang 0.4987 sampai dengan 44357.4931. ERNN menghasilkan MAPE terkecil untuk dataset jagung, kacang hijau, kacang tanah, kedelai, padi, dan ubi kayu. Sedangkan BPNN menghasilkan MAPE terkecil untuk dataset ubi jalar. Oleh karena itu, ERNN merupakan metode dengan performa terbaik karena MAPE yang dihasilkan terkecil untuk enam dari tujuh dataset.

Field Work Practices are part of achieving the expected competencies in the educational process. The suitability of students to companies that serve as street vendors is something that is important to note. The weakness of the previous field work practices system was that there were still many students who were inaccurate in choosing a company or institution as a place for street vendors. This study aims to help determine industry partners in accordance with the competency achievements of each department. The method to be used in this research is Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP) in the process of determining the weight priority of each criterion and the TOPSIS method in carrying out the ranking process. The criteria used are the suitability of the department with the company's core (C1), company credibility (C2), and company commitment (C3). corporate environment (C4), and the facilities provided (C5). Each of these criteria consists of several sub criteria. The weights of the criteria obtained through the FAHP are Furthermore, the process of ranking 37 companies using the TOPSIS method obtained the highest preference value, namely 0.8157.