Peking University

Fifty agricultural soil samples collected from Fuzhou, southeast China, were first investigated for the occurrence, distribution, and potential risks of twelve organophosphate esters (OPEs). The total concentration of OPEs (ΣOPEs) in soil ranged from 1.33 to 96.5 ng/g dry weight (dw), with an average value of 17.1 ng/g dw. Especially, halogenated-OPEs were the predominant group with a mean level of 9.75 ng/g dw, and tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCIPP) was the most abundant OPEs, accounting for 51.1% of ΣOPEs. The concentrations of TCIPP and ∑OPEs were found to be significantly higher (P < 0.05) in soils of urban areas than those in suburban areas. In addition, the use of agricultural plastic films and total organic carbon had a positive effect on the occurrence of OPE in this study. The positive matrix factorization model suggested complex sources of OPEs in agricultural soils from Fuzhou. The ecological risk assessment demonstrated that tricresyl phosphate presented a medium risk to land-based organisms (0.1 ≤ risk quotient < 1.0). Nevertheless, the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks for human exposure to OPEs through soil ingestion and dermal absorption were negligible. These findings would facilitate further investigations into the pollution management and risk control of OPEs.

Background Cohort evidence linking increased mortality with airborne fine particulate matter (PM2.5, particulate matter [PM] with aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm) exposure was extensively validated worldwide. Nevertheless, long-term survival associated with submicron particulate matter (PM1, PM with aerodynamic diameter ≤1 μm) exposure remained largely unstudied, particularly in highly exposed populations. Methods We performed a population-based investigation involving 86844 adults aged 16+ years from 3 national dynamic cohorts spanning from 2005 to 2018. Residential annual exposure to PM1 and PM2.5 was assigned for each follow-up year using satellite-derived spatiotemporal estimates at a 1-km2 resolution. The concentration of PM1-2.5 (PM with aerodynamic diameter between 1 and 2.5 μm) was calculated by subtracting PM1 from PM2.5. Time-independent Cox proportional hazards regression models were applied to assess the associations of all-cause mortality with long-term exposure to size-specific particles. To investigate the effect of PM1 on PM2.5-mortality associations, we categorized participants into low, medium, and high groups based on PM1/PM2.5 ratio and examined the risk of PM2.5-associated mortality in each stratum. Effect modifications were checked via subgroup analyses. Results A total of 18722 deaths occurred during 497069.2 person-years of follow-up (median 5.7 years). Participants were exposed to an average annual concentration of 31.8 μg/m³ (range: 7.6–66.8 μg/m³) for PM1, 56.3 μg/m³ (range: 19.8–127.2 μg/m³) for PM2.5, and 24.5 μg/m³ (range: 7.3–60.3 μg/m³) for PM1-2.5. PM1, PM2.5, and PM1-2.5 were consistently associated with elevated mortality risks, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.029 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.013–1.046), 1.014 (95% CI: 1.005–1.023), and 1.019 (95% CI: 1.001–1.038) for each 10-μg/m3 increase in exposure, respectively. Compared with low (HR = 0.986, 95% CI: 0.967–1.004) and medium (HR = 1.015, 95% CI: 1.002–1.029) PM1/PM2.5 ratio groups, PM2.5-related risk of mortality was more pronounced in high PM1/PM2.5 ratio stratum (HR = 1.041, 95% CI: 1.019–1.064). Greater risks of mortality associated with size-specific particles were found among the elderly (>80 years old), southeastern participants, and those living in warmer areas. Conclusions This study demonstrated that long-term exposure to PM1, PM2.5, and PM1-2.5 was associated with heightened mortality, and PM1 may play a predominant role in PM2.5-induced risk. Our results emphasized the population health implications of establishing ambient PM1 air quality guidelines to mitigate the burden of premature mortality stemming from particulate air pollution.

This paper presents the development of a high-performance three-component fiber optic rotation seismometer (FORS) named DC-Rot3C for rotational seismic observation. Its core sensing element is a novel dual-channel interferometric fiber optic gyroscope (IFOG), which differs from conventional minimum configuration. The IFOG in DC-Rot3C is composed of two sensing channels, which can effectively suppress self noise such as relative intensity noise. This paper provides a detailed demonstration and analysis of the optical configuration, demodulation technology, layout construction, and noise suppression mechanisms of the developed DC-Rot3C. Furthermore, the performance of DC-Rot3C is tested, and the experimental results show that, with an effective sensing area of only \boldmath $246~\mathrm{m^{2}}$ , the self-noise remains flat from 0.001 Hz to 100 Hz, reaching a sensitivity of \boldmath $6.2\times 10^{-9}~\mathrm{rad/s/\sqrt{Hz}}$ . Additionally, the angle random walk (ARW) reaches \boldmath $4.54\times 10^{-9}~\mathrm{rad/\sqrt{s}}$ , and the bias instability (BI) reaches \boldmath $2.96\times 10^{-10}~\mathrm{rad/s}$ . Compared with other IFOGs and FORSs, the DC-Rot3C exhibits superior performance with the same sensing area, providing a high-precision tool for seismic observation.

A chip-on-board (COB) packaged four-channel optical receiver integrated with a transimpedance amplifier (TIA) in 0.13-μm SiGe-BiCMOS technology with f _T /f _MAX =260/350 GHz demonstrating 56-Gbaud four-level pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM-4) with low noise and high linearity is presented in support of optical receivers required in linear-drive pluggable optics (LPO) and beyond-400G optical links. The proposed four-stage optical receiver comprises an inductive shunt-feedback TIA followed by two variable gain amplifiers (VGAs) with a continuous-time linear equalizer (CTLE) function and a 50-ohm output buffer. The π-topology L-C network and inductive shunt feedback techniques are used in TIA to meet the specifications of wide bandwidth (BW) and low noise. Two current-splitting VGA stages with CTLE function cascaded after TIA featuring high reliability can compensate for the loss of BW which caused by photo diode (PD) parasitic capacitance and provide a gain control range of -12dB ~ +18dB that accommodates input current up to 2mApp with low group delay variation. The 50-ohm output buffer with a T-coil and degeneration resistor achieves better output matching and high linearity. Measurement results show that TIA provides a maximum DC transimpedance gain (ZT) of 74 dBΩ while O/E.BW is beyond 40 GHz, the 50-ohm output buffer offers 580-mV output swing and PAM-4 electrical eye diagrams up to 56-Gbaud of optical receiver with PRBS31Q. The optical receiver achieves a sensitivity of − 9.7-dBm optical modulation amplitude (OMA) at pre-FEC BER limit of 2.4 × 10 ^-4 operating 56-Gbaud PAM-4 SSPRQ and consumes 720mW with a power supply of 3.3 V.

The Li/Mn ordered structure of lithium‐rich (LR) cathodes leads to the heterogeneous Li2MnO3 and LiTMO2 components, readily triggering structural degeneration and performance degradation in long‐term cycling. However, the lack of guiding principles for promoting cation disorder within the transition metal (TM) layers has posed a persistent challenge in designing homogeneous layered LR cathodes. Herein, the (Li + Mn)TM content in the TM layer as a criterion for the design of cation‐disordered layered LR cathodes is proposed. The intralayer cation disorder can be achieved by tuning the (Li + Mn)TM content less than 0.5 combined with incorporating the solute ions with suitable ionic radii. For a multicomponent LR nickel cobalt manganese (LRNCM) oxides system, multiscale structural analyses reveal that cation‐disordered layered Li1.1(Ni0.6Co0.1Mn0.3)0.9O2 (LR613) exhibits enhanced compositional homogeneity and higher R3¯$\bar{3}$m symmetry. The developed LR613 cathode undergoes a solid‐solution reaction during Li⁺ deintercalation and mitigates voltage decay during cycling. It is elucidated that intralayer cation disorder effectively alleviates microstrain within the cathode structure and enhances overall structural stability. This comprehensive understanding of the composition‐structure‐electrochemical behavior relationship inspires the development of durable cation‐disordered layered LR cathodes through composition tuning.

Single‐crystal MoS2 nanotubes possess outstanding electronic and optoelectronic properties. However, previous attempts to synthesize MoS2 nanotubes are hindered by poor crystallinity and the high strain energy required to roll a sheet with three atomic layers into a tubular structure. Here, the confined template growth of well‐crystallized MoS2 nanotubes encapsulated within carbon nanotubes, forming 1D van der Waals heterostructures, is reported. The growth of MoS2 nanotubes is catalyzed by iron carbide. CNTs serve as nanoreactors and structurally confined templates, ensuring the growth of fine MoS2 nanotubes. Water vapor is employed to manipulate the structure and morphology of resultant MoS2. Free‐standing MoS2 nanotubes are obtained by removing outer CNTs with gentle plasma etching. This method demonstrate the power of coupling the catalytic effect and the space confinement in the growth of high‐quality MoS2 nanotubes, which may become a common strategy for the preparation of general 1D nanostructures of various transition metal dichalcogenides and other materials.

Low‐dimensional perovskites have opened up a new frontier in light‐emitting diodes (LED) due to their excellent properties. However, concerns regarding the potential toxicity of Pb limited their commercial development. Sn‐based perovskites are regarded as a promising candidate to replace Pb‐based counterparts, while they generally exhibit strong electron–phonon coupling and consequently blue emission quenching at room temperature (RT), thus the Sn‐based perovskite blue LED devices have not yet been reported. Herein, the luminescence properties are regulated by assembling a rigid organic skeleton within perovskite structure, and the protonated 4‐bromobenzylamine (BrPMA⁺ = C7H9BrN⁺) is employed as A site cation to synthesize a 100‐oriented 2D perovskite (BrPMA)2SnBr4, which exhibits a strong lattice rigidity via strong intermolecular interaction and consequently weak electron–phonon coupling, achieving the excellent blue PL emission at RT. The high quality (BrPMA)2SnBr4 perovskite thin films are obtained by further inhibiting oxidation and promoting crystallization. Finally, the Sn‐based perovskite blue emission LED is successfully fabricated for the first time at 467 nm with a champion EQE of 1.3% and a maximum brightness of 800 cd m⁻². This work gives insights into the luminescence mechanism of Sn‐based perovskites and provides a new theoretical basis for the development of lead‐free blue LEDs.

Importance Evidence from systematic reviews of the cardioprotective effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) remains controversial, and interventions including PUFAs dietary supplements or prescription medications cannot accurately reflect the role of PUFA RX in cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention. Objective We conducted a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) to evaluate the efficacy of PUFA prescription medication in preventing CVD. Methods Two reviewers conducted a literature search of Embase, MEDLINE/PubMed, and the Cochrane Library from their inception to September 2023. The inclusion criteria were RCTs evaluating long-term supplementation (≥ 1 year) with PUFA prescriptions and reporting cardiovascular outcomes. Data were extracted independently by two authors, and the certainty of evidence for each outcome was assessed using the GRADE system. Random-effects models were used to estimate the risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The primary outcomes were cardiovascular events. Secondary endpoints included major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), cardiac death, all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, and revascularization. Subgroup analyses were performed based on PUFA components, dosage, follow-up duration, and risk status. Results Twelve RCTs involving 99,830 participants were included. The mean age of participants ranged from 59.4 to 74.0 years, with a follow-up period varying from 1 to 6.2 years. Compared with placebo and statins, PUFA prescription medication was associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular events (8 RCTs, n = 75,929, RR, 0.88 [95% CI, 0.81–0.95]; P = 0.0007; I² = 45%), cardiac death (10 RCTs, n = 95,440, RR, 0.91 [95% CI, 0.84–0.99]; P = 0.02; I² = 23%), myocardial infarction (9 RCTs, n = 94,877, RR, 0.84 [95% CI, 0.73–0.96]; P = 0.009; I² = 62%), and revascularization (9 RCTs, n = 91,242, RR, 0.91 [95% CI, 0.84–0.99]; P = 0.02; I² = 63%). Conclusions and relevance PUFA prescription medication could lower the risks of cardiovascular events, cardiac death, myocardial infarction and revascularization. This research provides insight into the efficacy of PUFA prescription medications in CVD prevention and contributes to the ongoing debate on the role of PUFA products in cardiovascular outcomes.

A recent study published in Oryx proposed that the extinct Javan tiger Panthera tigris sondaica may still survive on the Island of Java, Indonesia, based on mitochondrial DNA analysis of a single hair sample collected from a location where a tiger was reportedly encountered. However, upon reanalysing the genetic data presented in that study, we conclude that there is little support for this claim. The sequences of the putative tiger hair and Javan tiger museum specimens generated are not from tiger cytoplasmic mitochondrial DNA but more likely the nuclear pseudogene copies of mitochondrial DNA. In addition, the number of mismatches between the two Javan tiger sequences is unusually high for homologous sequences that are both from tigers, suggesting potential issues with data reliability. The paper provides insufficient details on quality control measures, making it impossible to rule out the possibility that errors were introduced during the analysis. Consequently, it is inappropriate to use the sequences presented in that study to infer the existence of the Javan tiger.

Halogenases are spurring a growing interest in the fields of biosynthesis and biocatalysis. Although various halogenases have been identified in numerous natural product biosynthetic pathways, the mechanisms for multiple halogenations and site‐selectivity remain largely unclear. In this study, we biochemically characterized FasV, a flavin‐dependent halogenase (FDH) that catalyzes five successive chlorinations in the biosynthesis of the naphthacene‐containing aromatic polyketide naphthacemycin. This multiple halogenation reaction was elucidated to occur in an orderly fashion, as evidenced by enzyme kinetics, time‐course assays, and computational simulations. Crystallographic analyses and mutagenesis studies revealed previously unrecognized amino acid residues, including T53, L81, F93, and I212, that are crucial for controlling regioselectivity and substrate specificity. Based on this, a I212T mutant was generated to exclusively catalyze selective monohalogenation. We propose a novel dual‐activation mechanism and demonstrate that the larger binding pocket of FasV makes it a valuable biocatalyst for other substrates with diverse structures. Therefore, this study provides new insight into multi‐site polyhalogenases and highlights the potential for engineering FasV‐like FDHs for biocatalytic applications.

Epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) nanophotonic devices with zero permittivity are known to exhibit adiabatic frequency translation via temporal refraction under extracavity excitation by intense light sources, which are however hard to integrate on-chip owing to a high demand for energy density. As this class of complementary-metaloxide-semiconductor-compatible materials is progressing toward on-chip photonic integration, a more versatile solution with less intensity requirements needs to be further explored. Here, for the first time, by leveraging the abundant frequency mode resources inside a resonant cavity, we experimentally demonstrate the realization of input-dependent dual-range frequency switching via a single intracavity ENZ element. By utilizing the linear and nonlinear effects induced by ENZ, the system can perform a small 279.73 GHz as well as a 13-octave-span larger (3.63-THz) mode-locked frequency shift at 196 and 192 THz, respectively, under a pulse energy 2 orders of magnitude lower than extracavity schemes with a conversion efficiency (in %frequency shift per unit energy density per unit material thickness) also 2 orders of magnitude higher. Additionally, we report for the first time the real-time observation of the intracavity ENZ frequency switching operation, proving that the mechanism differs from pure ENZ time refraction. We further discuss that by encoding the states of two intracavity components, the optical system can program eight types of different 1- and 2-operand logic functions, including four complex noncommutative ones. This work extends the understanding of ENZ photonics beyond extracavity scenarios. The proposed solution could be extended to photonic integration with a potential for novel optical logic gates and photonic computing designs as an efficient and simplified alternative to microelectronic counterparts.

In this article, a novel adaptive antidisturbance control scheme is proposed for electromechanical fin actuators (EMFAs) with multiple composite disturbances including parametric uncertainties, backlash, friction and hinge moment. A nonlinear system model is introduced to explicitly consider backlash and friction and, unlike existing control schemes, the hinge moment is not required to bounded by a constant or be linear with respect to the deflection angle. By fusing the techniques of adaptive compensation and adaptive attenuation, the effects of multiple composite disturbances are well handled. Particularly, the designed adaptive laws flexibly incorporate the prior information of system parameters and reduce the conservativeness while empowering the controller with adaptability. Moreover, the proposed scheme is able to make the deflection angle track the command signal with prescribed maximum overshoot, convergence rate and steady-state accuracy. Both simulation and experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

The drift motion of energetic charged particles can generate an azimuthal electric current around the planet known as the ring current, which regulates the field configuration of the magnetosphere. However, limited coverage of in-situ measurements makes it challenging to investigate the long-term variations of the global ring current. Taking advantage of the energetic neutral atom (ENA) imaging onboard the Cassini mission, we present a nearly 11-year cycle of the suprathermal ring current populations in Saturn’s magnetosphere. We find that the peak location of the suprathermal ring current in local time oscillates between post-midnight and pre-midnight sectors, and its intensity minimizes during the solar maximum. These results indicate that the modulation of the suprathermal ring current is closely related to the solar cycle. Our analysis also offers a preview of the ring current at other giant planets, such as Jupiter, which will be imaged by ENA cameras onboard the JUICE mission.

Tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) are heterogeneous; thus, their roles in tumor development could vary depending on the cancer type. Here, we showed that TANs affect metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis hepatocellular carcinoma (MASH-related HCC) more than viral-associated HCC. We attributed this difference to the predominance of SiglecFhi TANs in MASH-related HCC tumors. Linoleic acid and GM-CSF, which are commonly elevated in the MASH-related HCC microenvironment, fostered the development of this c-Myc–driven TAN subset. Through TGFβ secretion, SiglecFhi TANs promoted HCC stemness, proliferation, and migration. Importantly, SiglecFhi TANs supported immune evasion by directly suppressing the antigen presentation machinery of tumor cells. SiglecFhi TAN removal increased the immunogenicity of a MASH-related HCC model and sensitized it to immunotherapy. Likewise, a high SiglecFhi TAN signature was associated with poor prognosis and immunotherapy resistance in HCC patients. Overall, our study highlights the importance of understanding TAN heterogeneity in cancer to improve therapeutic development.

Hydroboration of allenes is powerful and atom‐economic approach to the synthesis of organoboranes, such as the highly versatile allylboranes. However, regarding regiocontrol, existing methods uniformly deliver the boron functionality to the less hindered β‐ or γ‐position, but not the α‐position. The latter is particularly challenging for allenes with substantial steric difference between the two terminals and lacking electronic bias (e.g., 1,1‐disubstituted allenes). Herein we report the first highly efficient ruthenium‐catalyzed hydroboration of allenes featuring exclusive α‐regioselectivity, providing access to sterically hindered allyl boranes that are limitedly accessible by conventional methods. DFT studies suggested that the unusual α‐regioselectivity is attributed to the disfavored reductive elimination at the γ‐position due to the high energy cost required to overcome the agnostic interaction and rotation of the key π‐allyl intermediates. This protocol is also applicable to the previously unprecedented α‐hydroalkynylation and underdeveloped α‐hydrosilylation of allenes, thus complementing known catalytic systems and providing convenient access to highly congested yet densely‐functionalized allyl silanes and skipped enynes bearing a fully‐substituted allylic carbon center. It is expected that this ruthenium‐catalyzed system can serve as a new platform for the development of other hydrofunctionalization processes with unorthodox selectivity.

Land use is key in regulating surface temperature, yet these relationships are often obscured by long-term mean responses. Here we employed numerical multi-model results to investigate the response of the surface temperature to land use change, especially its lower tails corresponding to boreal winter. The surface temperature decrease in the lower tails can exhibit up to ten times greater than the mean response to land use change over both the historical and future periods. Downward longwave radiation has emerged as the most remarkable contributing factor in controlling surface temperature change in mid-high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. Land use change can modify surface energy balance through land-atmosphere firstly, thereby regulate spatial patterns of water vapor and cloud cover in the Northern Hemisphere through teleconnection. The unity of local and remote effects influences the levels of downward longwave radiation and altering surface temperature at mid-high latitudes in extreme cold seasons.

The practice of cover crops has gained popularity as a strategy to improve agricultural sustainability, but its full potential is often limited by environmental trade-offs. Using meta-analytic and data-driven quantifications of 2302 observations, we optimized cover crop practices and evaluated their benefits for global agroecosystems. Cover crops have historically boosted crop yields, soil carbon storage, and stability, but also stimulated greenhouse gas emissions. However, combining them with long-term implementation (five years or more) and climate-smart practices (such as no-tillage) can enhance these services synergistically. A biculture of legume and non-legume cover crops, terminated 25 days before planting the next crop and followed by residue mulching, is the optimal portfolio. Such optimized practices are projected to increase agroecosystem multiservices by 1.25%, equivalent to annual gains of 97.7 million metric tons in crop production, 21.7 billion metric tons in carbon dioxide sequestration, and 2.41 billion metric tons in soil erosion reduction. By 2100, the continued implementation of optimized practices could mitigate climate-related yield losses and contribute to climate neutrality and soil stabilization, especially in harsh and underdeveloped areas. These findings underscore the promising potential of optimized cover crop practices to achieve the synergy in food security and environmental protection.

Brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs) are a major cause of hemorrhagic stroke in children and young adults. These lesions are thought to result from somatic KRAS/BRAF mutations in brain endothelial cells (bECs). In this study, we introduce a new bAVM model by inducing a brain endothelial-specific BrafV600E mutation using the Slc1o1c1(BAC)-CreER driver line. The pathological characteristics of this model resemble human bAVMs, including dilated and hyperpermeable vessels, as well as parenchymal hemorrhage. We observed that these lesions showed a typical reduction in pericyte coverage and disruption of the pericyte-endothelial cell connection. Additionally, we found that ANGPT2 levels were significantly increased in the endothelium of bAVM lesions, which may be a critical factor in the pericyte deficits of the malformed vessels. Treatment with an ANGPT2 neutralizing antibody confirmed that blocking ANGPT2 can restore pericyte density in bAVM lesions, improve pericyte coverage around microvessels, enhance tight junction protein coverage related to endothelial cells, and normalize endothelial barrier function. In summary, our findings suggest that increased ANGPT2 expression in endothelial cells with the BrafV600E mutation is a key factor in pericyte deficiencies in bAVMs, highlighting the potential effectiveness of anti-ANGPT2 therapy in treating bAVMs.

Objectives To explore the diagnostic efficacy of advanced intelligent clear-IQ engine (AiCE) and adaptive iterative dose reduction 3D (AIDR 3D), combination with and without the black blood CT technique (BBCT), for detecting vascular invasion in patients diagnosed with nonmetastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Methods A total of 35 consecutive patients diagnosed with PDAC, proceeding with contrast-enhanced abdominal CT scans, were enrolled in this study. The arterial and portal venous phase images were reconstructed using AiCE and AIDR 3D. The corresponding BBCT images were established as AiCE–BBCT and AIDR 3D–BBCT, respectively. Two observers scored the image quality independently. Cohen’s kappa (k) value or intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to analyze consistency. The diagnostic performance of four algorithms in detecting vascular invasion in PDAC patients was assessed using the area under the curve (AUC). Results The AiCE and AiCE–BBCT groups demonstrated superior image noise and diagnostic acceptability compared with AIDR 3D and AIDR 3D–BBCT groups (all p < 0.001), and the k value was 0.861–0.967 for both reviewers. In terms of diagnostic capability for vascular invasion in PDAC, the AiCE–BBCT group exhibited higher specificity (95.0%) and sensitivity (93.3%) compared to the AIDR 3D and AIDR 3D–BBCT groups, with an AUC of 0.942 (95% CI: 0.849–1.000, p < 0.05). Furthermore, all vascular evaluations conducted using AiCE–BBCT demonstrated better consistency (ICC: 0.847–0.935). Conclusion The BBCT technique in conjunction with AiCE could lead to notable enhancements in both the image quality of PDAC images and the diagnostic performance for tumor vascular invasion. Critical relevance statement Better diagnostic accuracy of vascular invasion of PDAC based on BBCT in combination with an AiCE is a critical factor in determining treatment strategies and patient outcomes. Key Points Identifying vascular invasion of PDAC is important for prognostication. Combined images provide improved image quality and higher diagnostic accuracy. Combined images can excellently display the vascular wall and invasion. Graphical Abstract

Parental emotion regulation is closely associated with the development of young children’s behavioral problems. The present study aims to investigate the potential mediating role of family emotional expressiveness in the association between parental emotion dysregulation and externalizing problems among Chinese preschoolers and to further examine whether this mediation depends on parental endorsement of the cultural value of Chinese familism. A survey study was conducted to examine the moderated mediation model. A total of 161 parents of preschoolers (aged 3–5 years, M = 4.24, SD = 0.60 at T1) participated in all three waves of assessment. The results showed that parental emotion dysregulation indirectly predicted preschoolers’ externalizing problems through family negative expressiveness for parents with low endorsement of familism, whereas the mediating effect was not significant for parents with high endorsement of familism. The results contribute to the literature on emotional parenting in the Chinese cultural context and underscore the role of familism values in the relationship between emotional parenting factors and children’s behavioral problems.