Ontario College of Art and Design

Youth Sexual Health and HIV/STI Prevention in Middle Eastern and North African Communities (YSMENA) is the first community-based research study in Canada to explore key determinants of sexual health among diaspora Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) women living in Canada. Our objectives were to identify the factors influencing sexual health for MENA youth and grow an evidence base to strengthen the sexual health response for MENA communities. Using mixed- method design, data were gathered through a quantitative socio-demographic survey and qualitative focus groups with 24 women-identifying MENA youth (16–29 years) living in Ontario, Canada. Six (6) focus groups were held virtually via Zoom, with heterosexual, lesbian, bisexual and queer (LBQ), and trans women. Members of each group participated in two sessions as per the sequential critical dialogical method and transcripts were coded in NVIVO. While participants identified with diverse sexual orientations and across the trans-feminine gender spectrum, key commonalities surfaced, namely the pressures to conform to familial expectations and the barriers faced when accessing healthcare. The trans group experienced compounded levels of exclusion given their unique positioning. Although the challenges faced by the group were deeply entrenched in patriarchy, heteronormativity and internalized shame, many participants demonstrated resilience and self-acceptance that enabled them to forge pathways to health. Findings have important and valuable implications for community-based health programs targeting MENA women as well as healthcare practitioners and service providers.

Review of: Prairie Interlace: Weaving, Modernisms, and the Expanded Frame, 1960–2000 , Michele Hardy, Timothy Long and Julia Krueger (eds) (2023) Calgary: University of Calgary Press, 248 pp., ISBN 978-1-77385-486-1, h/bk, $99.99 ISBN 978-1-77385-487-8, p/bk,$59.99 ISBN 978-1-77385-489-2, e-book (institutional PDF) ISBN 978-1-77385-490-8, e-book (ePub)

Importance Hospitalizations for eating disorders rose dramatically during the COVID-19 pandemic. Public health restrictions, or stringency, are believed to have played a role in exacerbating eating disorders. Few studies of eating disorders during the pandemic have extended to the period when public health stringency restrictions were lifted. Objective To assess the association between hospitalization rates for eating disorders and public health stringency during the COVID-19 pandemic and after the easing of public health restrictions. Design, Setting, and Participants This Canadian population-based cross-sectional study was performed from April 1, 2016, to March 31, 2023, and was divided into pre–COVID-19 and COVID-19–prevalent periods. Data were provided by the Canadian Institute for Health Information and the Institut National d’Excellence en Santé et Services Sociaux for all Canadian provinces and territories. Participants included all children and adolescents aged 6 to 20 years. Exposure The exposure was public health stringency, as measured by the Bank of Canada stringency index. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was hospitalizations for a primary diagnosis of eating disorders ( International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision code F50), stratified by region, age group, and sex. Interrupted time series analyses based on Poisson regression were used to estimate the association between the stringency index and the rate of hospitalizations for eating disorders. Results During the study period, there were 11 289 hospitalizations for eating disorders across Canada, of which 8726 hospitalizations (77%) were for females aged 12 to 17 years. Due to low case counts in other age-sex strata, the time series analysis was limited to females within the 12- to 17-year age range. Among females aged 12 to 17 years, a 10% increase in stringency was associated with a significant increase in hospitalization rates in Quebec (adjusted rate ratio [ARR], 1.05; 95% CI, 1.01-1.07), Ontario (ARR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.03-1.07), the Prairies (ARR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.03-1.13), and British Columbia (ARR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.05-1.16). The excess COVID-19–prevalent period hospitalizations were highest at the 1-year mark, with increases in all regions: Quebec (RR, 2.17), Ontario (RR, 2.44), the Prairies (RR, 2.39), and British Columbia (RR, 2.02). Conclusion and Relevance In this cross-sectional study of hospitalizations for eating disorders across Canada, hospitalization rates for eating disorders in females aged 12 to 17 years were associated with public health measure stringency. The findings suggest that future pandemic preparedness should consider implications for youths at risk for eating disorders and their resource and support needs.

This hybrid article offers a glimpse into a plurality of Indigenous worldviews in the context of the contemporary art exhibition Arctic/ Amazon that took place at the Power Plant in Toronto, Canada in 2022. The article highlights the important connections between knowledge and culture in artworks by artists who translate practice, materiality, and knowledgeways into contemporary interventions.

Background There is increasing evidence that co-design can lead to more engaging, acceptable, relevant, feasible, and even effective interventions. However, no guidance is provided on the specific designs and associated methods or methodologies involved in the process. We propose the development of the Preferred Components for Co-design in Research (PRECISE) guideline to enhance the consistency, transparency, and quality of reporting co-design studies used to develop complex health interventions. Objective The aim is to develop the first iteration of the PRECISE guideline. The purpose of the PRECISE guideline is to improve the consistency, transparency, and quality of reporting on studies that use co-design to develop complex health interventions. Methods The aim will be achieved by addressing the following objectives: to review and synthesize the literature on the models, theories, and frameworks used in the co-design of complex health interventions to identify their common elements (components, values or principles, associated methods and methodologies, and outcomes); and by using the results of the scoping review, prioritize the co-design components, values or principles, associated methods and methodologies, and outcomes to be included in the PRECISE guideline. Results The project has been funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. Conclusions The collective results of this project will lead to a ready-to-implement PRECISE guideline that outlines a minimum set of items to include when reporting the co-design of complex health interventions. The PRECISE guideline will improve the consistency, transparency, and quality of reports of studies. Additionally, it will include guidance on how to enact or enable the values or principles of co-design for meaningful and collaborative solutions (interventions). PRECISE might also be used by peer reviewers and editors to improve the review of manuscripts involving co-design. Ultimately, the PRECISE guideline will facilitate more efficient use of new results about complex health intervention development and bring better returns on research investments. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/50463

Review of: Gore Techs 59th Venice Biennale , curated by Cecilia Alemani, Venice, Italy, 23 April–27 November 2022

Multiple and continuous traumatic events experienced by Black men impose altering effects on their identities, and their mentalization and presentation of themselves in society. However, the unique dynamics of the impact of trauma in shaping Black men’s identities are not well understood, because their experiences with trauma are not well documented. This paper is a secondary analysis of the qualitative component of a mixed method study that explored trauma, social support, and resilience among 103 racialized youth survivors of gun violence in Toronto, Canada. The analysis for this paper specifically focused on young Black male participants in the study to understand their disproportional experiences with gun violent trauma. Thematic analysis of their narrative demonstrated three themes: 1) trapped by the trauma of systemic oppression; 2) identity marred by the trauma of systemic oppression; and 3) masculinity shifted by the trauma of systemic oppression. The thematic mapping of themes and subthemes yielded the trauma-altered identity (TAI), a concept coined to represent the intersections of trauma, systemic oppression, masculinity, and the identity of Black male survivors. Using a metaphoric artwork to conceptualise the TAI, we explore its psychosocial impacts and set strategies for deconstructing its influence on Black men. While we acknowledge that trauma experiences may vary among Black males, we recognise that understanding intersections of risks associated with trauma among young Black males presents opportunities for policy discussions, advocacy, and social justice reforms.

This paper focuses on strategies for attaching technical infrastructural environmental metadata to narrow band multi-­spectral images of cultural heritage objects. It also provides a review and analysis of previous projects involving multi-spectral images and their approaches to attaching metadata elements at the image level. This is followed by a detailed description of the strategies applied at KU Leuven Libraries to successfully and consistently attach standardized metadata that covers all areas of importance of the image capture. This aims to give users full understanding of the dataset and to allow interoperability and reproducibility. In addition to this, the documents created to ensure the consistency of the metadata entered and outline the specific infrastructure present at KU Leuven, are discussed. This includes the considerations of their implementation and the digitization workflows to produce metadata records.

When museums are used as sites of knowledge production and research, what are their responsibilities for anti-racist public education? Examining the racial logics that govern, organize, and fund museums, this essay focuses on institutional bias within knowledge production and argues that locating racial logics within museums can be an act of radical pedagogy. Museums are being challenged to become sites of social change, making it vital to study their power structures and the ways in which they organize and study other cultures, illuminating imperial and colonial biases existing at their foundations. The Canadian Museum of Civilization’s exhibition The Lands within Me: Expressions by Canadian Artists of Arab Origin, is a relevant case study as it opened within weeks of September 11, 2001. The moral panic surrounding the show provides a powerful glimpse of the ways in which certain narratives are excluded from Canadian national projects and how these racial projects exist within museums. Works by Camille Zakharia, an artist included in the exhibition, will be analyzed and the fragmented forms of his photo collages will be used as an organizing metaphor to discuss Canadian multiculturalism, racialization, and citizenship.