National University of La Rioja

In recent years, educators have encountered significant shifts in teaching methodologies driven by rapid technological advancements and evolving demands in higher education. This transition has prompted adaptations in teaching practices and digital approaches, resulting in a broader paradigm shift across institutions. This study explores faculty perceptions and attitudes toward emerging pedagogies, focusing on their preparedness for digital and hybrid learning environments and the dynamics of teacher-student collaborative learning in these contexts. The research examines how faculty readiness can enhance adaptation to modern educational demands beyond any specific event or period. Utilising the FROCT scale—measuring readiness through comfort with risk, identity disruption, teaching norms, and equity and tenure norms—this research, conducted among Spanish university teachers, that highlight significant shifts in readiness perceptions after 2 years of compulsory online education. Furthermore, the study identifies gender and age disparities in teachers’ perceptions of online education readiness. These findings contributing to a better understanding of teacher preparation and performance in the post-pandemic educational landscape, specifically in online and blended education, where cognitive, metacognitive, and emotional dimensions play integral roles in fostering socialisation online and collaborative learning between educators and students.

Background In medicine, empathy refers to a predominantly cognitive attribute (rather than an emotional one), which is important as a foundation for positive physician–patient relationships. Physicians with a narcissistic personality trait have an assortment of characteristics that undermine their interpersonal functioning in clinical encounters with their patients. Evidence suggests an inverse relationship between empathy and certain characteristics of a narcissistic personality trait in general population. The aim of this study was to characterize the relationship between cognitive empathy and covert narcissistic personality trait in newly enrolled medical students. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in a Mexican school of medicine during the COVID-19 lockdown. The study sample included first-year medical students attending on-line classes. The Spanish version for medical students of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy (JSE-S), and the Hypersensitive Narcissism Scale (HSNS), were used as measures of cognitive empathy and covert narcissism, respectively. In addition, gender, age, speciality interest, and semester of enrolment were collected. Comparative, correlation and multiple regression analyses were performed among the variables analysed. Results In a sample of 283 students (207 females), differences in cognitive empathy and covert narcissism were observed by gender (p < 0.001). Comparison analyses showed that covert narcissism was greater in students enrolled after one semester attending on-line classes than those who were starting their first semester (p = 0.01). A correlation analysis confirmed an inverse association between empathy and covert narcissism (ρ=–0.23; p < 0.001). Based on this, a multiple regression model was created explaining 12% of the variance of covert narcissism based on a lineal regression with empathy (p < 0.001), gender (p = 0.01), and semester (p = 0.003). This model complied with the necessary conditions for statistic inference and showed an effect size from medium to large. Conclusions These findings provide novel information of the relationship between cognitive empathy and covert narcissism in newly enrolled medical students.

In Spain, the agricultural sector relies heavily on migrant workers, especially during seasonal seasons. However, these workers face significant challenges related to precarious working conditions and structural vulnerability, which have become more acute since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. This descriptive qualitative study was based on 87 personal interviews with health and social professionals from sectors such as NGOs, social services, trade unions, local institutions, and health services to promote compliance with these measures in four Spanish regions. It explored the difficulties faced by migrant agricultural workers in complying with prevention measures during the COVID-19 pandemic, the measures taken by organizations and public institutions and the health consequences of the pandemic on this group. After a reflexive thematic analysis, the results show how to mitigate the pandemic’s impact, both local authorities and NGOs implemented extraordinary measures to care for migrant farm workers. Responses to the pandemic included temporary housing, mass testing, and stricter labor regulations. Working conditions, constant mobility, precarious housing, and language barriers contributed to the difficulty of implementing preventive measures. Covid-19 intensified inequalities and highlighted the lack of preparedness of institutions to deal with this group. The conclusions suggest that intercultural competence in health professional training and the creation of inclusive approaches to health and social care are critical to addressing health disparities and ensuring the well-being of all migrant farm workers, regardless of their migration status or mobility.

Este artículo examina la influencia del rol de género en adolescentes infractores que reciben medidas socioeducativas no privativas de libertad en la provincia de Cotopaxi, Ecuador. Se emplearon métodos y técnicas como crónicas grupales, grupos focales y entrevistas grupales, todo bajo un enfoque cualitativo, aplicándose a un total de 35 adolescentes, donde se observó que la figura masculina presentaba un mayor índice de conductas delictivas. Se constató que la percepción del rol de género entre estos adolescentes se alinea con los principios de la ideología patriarcal, manifestándose en diferencias claras en actividades domésticas, laborales, uso del tiempo libre, toma de decisiones, control del hogar, estereotipos y subordinación, según el sexo. Esto genera un patrón social que influye en el comportamiento de este grupo y de sus familias. Un factor de riesgo significativo identificado fue la falta de conocimiento sobre sus derechos y deberes tanto como hijos como ciudadanos

In this paper, we entwine sympathetic concepts of liminality and workplace identity to capture processual, agential and emotional elements of transition for established professionals from other sectors taking up academic careers in a digitised UK business school. We undertake interpretative analysis of explicit and latent responses through three core themes exploring processes of transition, agencies of transition and emotions of transition through anonymised interviews conducted with 15 participants coming in from a variety of industrial and service roles. With a rationale of better understanding barriers and ambiguities experienced during times of transition, the paper considers perceptions of ambiguity and flux experienced by those undertaking second careers in the context of marketised higher education, arguing that coming in from a profession is complex and unsettling. The paper argues for greater institutional focus on improving perceptions of belonging, valorisation and recognition for those negotiating the ritual and contested space of transition, particularly in light of increasing collaboration between academia and practice and growing student numbers in this space. It concludes that in the light of continued policy decisions embracing rapid growth in apprenticeship and other practice‐based degree programmes, university managers need active strategies to retain and develop those from industry and other professional backgrounds.

This study investigated the rise of implantable or cyborg technologies, also known as insideables, which offer the potential to improve health-related conditions and enhance the capabilities of healthy individuals. This research focused on the acceptance of insideables among university students in Spain, utilizing the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) framework along with analytical tools such as partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) and fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA). The PLS-SEM analysis revealed that factors such as performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and social influence positively influenced the intention to use insideables. However, the fsQCA revealed that no single variable is a necessary condition for explaining technology acceptance or rejection. Instead, a combination of constructs is needed to understand both intention to use and rejection. Configurational analysis emphasized the importance of factors such as performance expectancy, social influence, and hedonic motivation in explaining technology acceptance, whereas effort expectancy and perceived risk were less conclusive in their impact on behavioral intention. Moreover, the research revealed that the configurations related to the acceptance and rejection of insideables are asymmetrical. This study sheds light on the complex dynamics of implantable technology acceptance and provides valuable insights into the factors influencing its adoption. From a theoretical perspective, the sequential use of both correlational and configurational methods within the UTAUT framework allows us to gain a deeper understanding of the reasons behind the adoption of emerging technology rather than using only one data analysis methodology.

This chapter explores the convergence of various digital technologies and their potential impacts on problematic online behaviors. Incorporation of gaming elements into many online activities (e.g., gambling, on-demand video streaming, social media, and pornography) has created concerns about problematic use, particularly among youth). We review the current state of knowledge, which suggests that problematic engagement in different activities represents distinct conditions. Nonetheless, despite their apparent distinctiveness, online addictive activities have shared risk factors, including personality factors, comorbid psychopathological symptoms, cognitive processes, and neurobiology. A common approach to prevention is therefore sensible, even if treatment of problematic cases should follow individualized approaches. Approaches actively involving parents are encouraged. We call for expanded research on the impact of specific design features of online activities on problematic behavior and risk, particularly relating to gamified activities. Longitudinal research is needed to better understand the use and impacts of online activities across developmental stages. Given the limited understanding of long-term impacts and the dynamic nature of related technologies, greater evidence is needed to inform policy and regulation relating to exposure of children and adolescents to content and activities that might in some cases promote problematic behaviors.

This chapter summarizes the current literature on gambling and gambling disorders among youth. The emergence of online gambling, together with the legalization, social acceptance, and appearance of new forms of gambling or gambling-related factors, such as internet gambling, daily fantasy sports, and sports betting or loot boxes, may raise particular concerns for vulnerable populations. Adolescents are at a developmental stage characterized by increased autonomy, identity formation, social exploration, and brain development and often have high levels of sensation-seeking and impulsivity. As such, addictive or problematic engagement in gambling may have significant impacts on developmental trajectories in youth. This manuscript summarizes current knowledge, includes considerations for future research to help address current limitations in knowledge, and provides recommendations focused on the prevention of youth gambling behaviors and gambling problems in the current and evolving digital environment.

Introduction Self-determination theory (SDT) highlights the importance of satisfying people’s basic psychological needs (BPN) (autonomy, competence and relatedness) in order to ensure their personal growth and wellbeing. In this regard, sport and physical activity (PA) have been shown to offer significant health benefits, particularly in the case of people with intellectual disability (ID), among whom the benefits are even more noticeable owing to their low levels of PA, sedentary lifestyle, limited opportunities to exercise, and consequently lower quality of life. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of the Más Que Tenis (“More Than Just Tennis”) inclusive recreational sports programme on the satisfaction of BPN among athletes with ID, taking into account factors such as age, gender and type of activity. Methods The sample for the study comprised 50 athletes (68% male) with ID (IQ: X = 54.33; sd = 13.43), aged 17–54 years. Data were collected using the Spanish version of the Basic Psychological Needs in Exercise Scale (BPNES), Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test (K-BIT), Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), multidimensional AF5 self-concept scale, Vineland-3 Scale, and MABC-2 observation checklist. Results High levels of satisfaction of all three BPN, with autonomy scoring lowest of the three. Gender was found to be a significant predictor, with men scoring higher in all BNP. Participants reported positive perceptions in relation to physical self-concept and satisfaction with life. In terms of adaptive behaviour, deficits were detected in relation to communication and daily living skills, but not in relation to interpersonal skills. With respect to motor behaviour, satisfaction of BPN was found to correlate more with dynamic environments than with static ones. The findings indicate the effectiveness of the Más Que Tenis programme in satisfying the BPN of people with ID. Participants reported improved physical skills, competence, social integration and interpersonal relations, though also insufficient autonomy in relation to choosing what exercises to do. Conclusion Satisfaction of BPN through the programme was found to correlate positively with athletes’ satisfaction with life and adaptive development, leading to improved personal and neuropsychological wellbeing.

Francisco de Villagra ha sido generalmente identificado con el descubrimiento de Cuyo, sin que se haya profundizado el estudio de su actuación en la región. Esta resultó clave para el aprovechamiento de la mano de obra indígena local y para la tranquila expedición fundadora liderada por Pedro del Castillo diez años después. A fin de conocer y comprender mejor las acciones de Villagra en Cuyo se analiza la información documental temprana sobre el tema, se discuten algunas propuestas previas acerca de su itinerario, su estadía en la región, el lugar y fecha de una conocida tempestad, y se ofrece una descripción de las probables medidas tomadas durante ese período. En definitiva, se destaca su rol como conquistador del área, y se enmarca su conducta en el contexto de violencia propio de la época.

PURPOSE Lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab (len + pembro) significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) versus chemotherapy in previously treated advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer (aEC) in the phase III Study 309/KEYNOTE-775. We report results from the phase III, randomized, open-label European Network of Gynaecological Oncological Trial-en9/LEAP-001 study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03884101 ) that evaluated len + pembro versus chemotherapy in first-line aEC. METHODS Patients with stage III to IV or recurrent, radiographically apparent EC and no previous chemotherapy or disease progression ≥6 months after neo/adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy were randomly assigned 1:1 to lenvatinib 20 mg once daily plus pembrolizumab 200 mg once every 3 weeks or paclitaxel 175 mg/m ² plus carboplatin AUC 6 mg/mL/min once every 3 weeks. Primary end points were PFS and OS, evaluated in the mismatch repair-proficient (pMMR) and all-comers populations. Noninferiority was assessed for OS at final analysis (FA) for len + pembro versus chemotherapy (multiplicity-adjusted, one-sided nominal alpha, .0159; null hypothesis–tested hazard ratio [HR], 1.1). RESULTS Eight hundred forty-two patients were randomly assigned (len + pembro, n = 420 [pMMR population, n = 320]; chemotherapy, n = 422 [pMMR population, n = 322]). At FA (data cutoff, October 2, 2023), median PFS (95% CI) in the pMMR population was 9.6 (8.2 to 11.9) versus 10.2 (8.4 to 10.5) months with len + pembro versus chemotherapy (hazard ratio [HR], 0.99 [95% CI, 0.82 to 1.21]) and among all-comers was 12.5 (10.3 to 15.1) versus 10.2 (8.4 to 10.4) months (HR, 0.91 [95% CI, 0.76 to 1.09]; descriptive analyses). Median OS (95% CI) in the pMMR population was 30.9 (25.4 to 37.7) versus 29.4 (26.2 to 35.4) months with len + pembro versus chemotherapy (HR, 1.02 [95% CI, 0.83 to 1.26]; noninferiority P = .246, not statistically significant per multiplicity control strategy) and among all-comers was 37.7 (32.2 to 43.6) versus 32.1 (27.2 to 35.7) months (HR, 0.93 [95% CI, 0.77 to 1.12]). Grade ≥3 treatment-related adverse events occurred in 331/420 (79%) versus 274/411 (67%) treated patients. CONCLUSION First-line len + pembro did not meet prespecified statistical criteria for PFS or OS versus chemotherapy in pMMR aEC.

Objective:to characterize the smartphones and tablets use pattern in a sample of children up to 5 years old and assess with which variables it is associated. Method:cross-sectional study of 410 parents of children up to 5 years of age. Data were obtained from an online questionnaire. Questions about the time and pattern of daily use of smartphones and tablets were collected. We calculated the overall percentage (and 95% confidence interval) and median (and interquartile range) of each device’s use time and according to the variables associated with the child, and the respondent’s characteristics. Results:an estimated 44.7% (95% CI: 37; 51) of children used both smartphones and/or tablets daily. The median use time for smartphones and tablets separately was 30 minutes per day for smartphones (8.6-38.6) and 30 (17.1- 60.0) for tablet. In children who have free access to the devices, 11.6% (95% CI: 6; 16) use these devices up to 30 minutes after waking up on weekdays, 15.4% (95% CI: 10; 21) during weekends and 14.0% (95% CI: 8; 19) use smartphone and/or tablet up to 1 hour before going to bed. Conclusion:more than 4 out of 10 children in our sample used smartphones and/or tablets daily. Community nursing may be a viable avenue for implementing educational programs focused on promoting healthy practices in children’s electronic device usage given the pattern of excessive screen use in the pediatric population.

Objetivo caracterizar el patrón de uso de smartphones y tablets en una muestra de niños de hasta 5 años y evaluar con qué variables se asocia. Método estudio transversal con 410 padres de niños de hasta 5 años de edad. Los datos se obtuvieron a través de un cuestionario online . Se realizaron preguntas sobre el tiempo y patrón de uso diario de smartphones y tablets . Se calculó el porcentaje global (y el intervalo de confianza del 95%) y la mediana (y rango intercuartílico) de tiempo de uso de cada dispositivo, según las variables asociadas al niño y a las características del entrevistado. Resultados se estima que el 44,7% (IC 95%: 37; 51) de los niños utilizaban diariamente smartphones y/o tablets . El tiempo medio de uso de smartphones y tablets por separado fue de 30 minutos por día para los smartphones (8,6-38,6) y de 30 (17,1-60,0) para las tablets . El 11,6% (IC 95%: 6; 16) de los niños que tienen acceso libre a dispositivos los utiliza dentro de los 30 minutos después de haberse despertado durante la semana, el 15,4% (IC 95%: 10; 21) durante los fines de semana y el 14,0% (IC 95%: 8; 19) utiliza smartphone y/o tablet hasta 1 hora antes de dormir. Conclusión más de 4 de cada 10 niños de nuestra muestra utilizan smartphones y/o tablets diariamente. La enfermería comunitaria puede ser una opción para implementar programas educativos orientados a promover prácticas saludables sobre el uso de dispositivos electrónicos por parte de los niños, debido al patrón de uso excesivo de pantallas en la población pediátrica.

Objective: To estimate the efficiency of a nurse-led telephone program for nonadherent to treatment Type 2 diabetics with comorbid depression (TELE-DD program). Design: Secondary analysis of cost-consequence and budget impact, utilizing data from a randomized clinical trial conducted in the primary healthcare setting. The target population consisted of Type 2 diabetic patients with comorbid depression who were nonadherent to their pharmacological treatment. Method: The average cost per controlled patient (glycated hemoglobin < 7%) and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio were calculated. Similarly, the budgetary impact over 1 year of implementing this program in the region of reference of the randomized clinical trial was assessed. Results: The number of controlled patients is higher in the TELE-DD group at 6, 12, and 18 months. The average cost per controlled patient was higher in the TELE-DD group than in the control group at 6 months (€160.31 vs. €49.79), but lower at 12 (€150.09 vs. €179.59) and 18 months (€209.22 vs. €376.88). The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio at 6, 12, and 18 months was €254.47, €143.65, and €177.46, respectively. The budget impact analysis revealed that implementing the TELE-DD program would result in a reduction of €721,940.68 in expenditure for the funder in the first year of application. Conclusions: A nurse-led telephone program for nonadherent Type 2 diabetics with comorbid depression is an efficient option in the management of healthcare resources. These results highlight the role of nursing in chronic patient management and the efficient use of healthcare resources. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04097483.

Background Smoking is a significant risk factor for numerous diseases, including coronary artery disease (CAD). Chronic inflammation from smoking affects endothelial function and may alter adipokine secretion, particularly resistin, in perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT). This study investigated the association between resistin concentrations in PVAT and smoking status in CAD patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Methods The study included 110 patients with advanced CAD scheduled for CABG. Patients were categorized into never-smokers and ever-smokers, with the latter further divided into current and past smokers. Resistin concentrations in PVAT and plasma, along with plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) concentrations, were measured using ELISA. Result Significant differences in PVAT resistin concentrations were observed between never-smokers and ever-smokers (p < 0.0001), as well as between never-smokers and both current (p < 0.0001) and past smokers (p < 0.0001). PVAT resistin concentrations correlated positively with the number of pack-years (p < 0.0001) and plasma resistin (p < 0.0001) and IL-6 concentrations (p < 0.0001). Plasma resistin, IL-6, and hs-CRP concentrations were higher in ever-smokers compared with never-smokers. Multiple regression analysis indicated that smoking is significantly correlated with higher PVAT resistin concentrations, with increased pack-years (p = 0.0002), higher plasma resistin concentrations (p < 0.0001), and IL-6 concentrations (p < 0.0001), all contributing to elevated PVAT resistin. Conclusion Smoking status in advanced CAD patients requiring CABG is positively associated with PVAT resistin concentrations, with a clear demonstration of dose-dependency.

This work explores the intricate dynamics of water management, energy generation, and irrigation in Spain by examining the evolving regulatory framework governing water resource allocation. It introduces a novel approach to quantify water usage and unpacks the ‘mixed uses’ category for the first time, focusing on entities holding water allocation concessions rather than mere dam ownership. Our f indings reveal the profound influence of private electricity companies on water resource management, despite the significant portion of state-owned dams. The results point to hydroelectric dominance in water allocation and underscore the complex interaction between public ownership and private management of electric companies. This research emphasises the need for nuanced policy considerations in the broader context of energy and agriculture while contributing to a richer understanding of Spain’s unique water governance landscape.

We find conditions on a function space L${\boldsymbol{L}}$ that ensure that it behaves as an Lp$L_p$-space in the sense that any unconditional basis of a complemented subspace of L${\boldsymbol{L}}$ either is equivalent to the unit vector system of ℓ2$\ell _2$ or has a subbasis equivalent to a disjointly supported basic sequence. This dichotomy allows us to classify the symmetric basic sequences of L${\boldsymbol{L}}$. Several applications to Orlicz function spaces are provided.

Se ha hablado mucho de la importancia que los sentimientos y emociones tienen para las ciencias sociales y las humanidades, en general, y para la museología, en particular. Pero poco se ha dicho sobre propuestas de trabajo concretas que permitan identificarlas y analizarlas. En este sentido, este trabajo pretende identificar y analizar los sentimientos y emociones que el Museo de Ipiranga (São Paulo, Brasil) despierta entre sus visitantes. Se presenta una propuesta metodológica desde un entorno de programación en Lenguaje R que permite extrapolar sentimientos y emociones que subyacen en textos, en este caso reseñas de Google. Para ello se hace uso de diferentes librerías, entre las que destaca Syuzhet. No obstante, la propuesta de trabajo no es exclusiva de las instituciones museísticas, sino que es susceptible de ser aplicada con diferentes muestras de datos en diferentes entidades o proyectos culturales. Respecto a los resultados obtenidos, se identifica una polaridad sentimental que puede considerarse como manifiestamente positiva y un predominio de emociones que hay que poner en relación con la alegría y la confianza, según el modelo de Robert Plutchik.

Minimizing geometric error in the bending of large sheets remains a challenging endeavor in the industrial environment. This specific industrial operation is characterized by protracted cycles and limited batch sizes. Coupled with extended cycle times, the process involves a diverse range of dimensions and materials. Given these operational complexities, conducting practical experimentation for data extraction and control of industrial process parameters proves to be unfeasible. To gain insights into the process, finite element models serve as invaluable tools for simulating industrial processes for reducing experimental cost. Consequently, the primary objective of this research endeavor is to develop an intelligent finite element model capable of providing operators with pertinent information regarding the optimal range of key parameters to mitigate geometric error in the bending of large sheets. This prediction model is based on response surface method to predict the bending diameter of the pipe taking into account three main process parameters: the plate thickness, the length, and the roll displacement. These results present promising prospects for the automation of the industrial process because the average geometric error in curvature is recorded at 0.97%, thereby meeting the stringent industrial requirement for achieving such bending with minimal equivalent plastic deformation.