Nanchang University

Background Cerebral palsy (CP) is a prevalent cause of physical disability in children, often resulting from hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, with current therapies often failing to address the underlying pathophysiology. This study aimed to investigate the potential synergistic effects of human amnion-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) combined with scalp acupuncture in a rat model of CP. Methods Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: Sham, CP, hAMSCs, and hAMSCs+scalp acupuncture (hAMSCs+AP). The CP model was induced via left common carotid artery ligation. hAMSCs were administered through tail vein injection, followed by scalp acupuncture at Baihui (GV20) and Qubin (GB7) points. Neurobehavioral function was assessed using the Bederson score, and brain tissues were analyzed using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, TUNEL staining, and RT-qPCR for apoptosis-related genes. Results The CP group exhibited significant neurobehavioral deficits and increased apoptosis. Both hAMSCs and hAMSCs+AP treatments improved neurobehavioral function and reduced apoptosis. The combination therapy further decreased apoptosis levels, normalized mRNA expression of Bax, Caspase 9, and Caspase 3, and alleviated histological damage. Conclusions The combination of hAMSCs and scalp acupuncture provides a promising treatment for CP, potentially alleviating brain damage through apoptosis regulation. Further studies are required to elucidate the detailed mechanisms and assess clinical feasibility and safety.

Exacerbation of osteolysis in osteoporotic bone defects presents a significant challenge for implant-based treatments. This underscores the urgent need to develop implants that actively mitigate osteolysis while simultaneously promoting bone regeneration. In this study, the osteogenic potential of mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) was combined with the anti-bone resorption property of Ga doping. Ga-MBG was synthesized using a self-transformation method and subsequently incorporated into β-TCP at concentrations of 5 wt%, 10 wt% and 15 wt%. Scaffolds were prepared using extrusion-based 3D printing. The cytocompatibility of the composite scaffolds and their regulatory effects on the differentiation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts were systematically examined. In addition, the molecular mechanisms underlying bone regeneration and osteolysis regulation in osteoblasts were explored. Subsequently, cranial defects were repaired in a rat model of osteoporosis to assess the therapeutic efficacy and biological safety of the optimal concentration of the Ga-MBG/TCP composite scaffold. These findings indicated that the 10 wt% Ga-MBG/TCP composite scaffold exhibited excellent biocompatibility, enhanced new bone formation, and effectively mitigated osteolysis. These results provide a foundation for further investigation into the optimal concentration of Ga-MBG implants and highlight their potential application in future therapies for osteoporotic bone defects.

As the core element of soccer training, the reasonable regulation of sports load has an important impact on the training effect and game performance of athletes. In the article, Player Load, TRIMP, maximal oxygen uptake, average heart rate, and exercise intensity were selected as the measurement indexes for the calculation of college soccer training load, and the college soccer players of MD Normal College of Physical Education and Health were taken as the research subjects to carry out the test and analysis. The average player load for soccer players declined from 235.5 to 210.6 and then rose to 239.1 during the three stages of the test cycle, exhibiting a U-shaped trend. The soccer players showed more training stroke in heart rate interval 2 (75%-85% of maximal heart rate), and the maximal oxygen uptake increased from 1.81±0.24 L-min in the first phase to 2.53±0.43 L-min in the third phase of the 14-week soccer training, and the average heart rate of the soccer players ranged from 144.2 bpm to 158.4 bpm. 158.4 bpm, and the average exercise intensity was between 70.17% and 79.99%. Choosing different evaluation indexes for training load can help fully understand the training load of soccer players and provide data support for developing training programs that meet their training needs. When making sports training programs in physical education, it is necessary to create a relaxed training atmosphere and master scientific training methods in order to promote the quality of physical education.

Hierarchically porous metal‐organic frameworks (HP‐MOFs) always present novel and advanced performances in many applications. Herein, we demonstrated a novel mechanochemical metal modulation strategy to construct the HP‐MOFs. The metal modulator bearing different coordination ability from the parent metal was incorporated into the parent metal precursor via ball milling. Then, by reacting with the ligand, the metal modulator interrupted the original metal‐ligand coordination and created the defect‐mesopores during the solid‐state transformation process, resulting in HP‐MOF. Using this approach, a series of HP‐MOFs were constructed. Notably, unlike the linker modulation approach, the missing‐linker defects are no longer the dominant defects in these prepared HP‐MOFs. Beyond this, the metal modulators can be co‐assembled into the HP‐MOFs, functionalizing HP‐MOFs with new metal active sites. Finally, the catalytic performances of prepared hierarchically porous ZIF‐8‐Pd was tested, it presented superior catalytic activities towards hydrogenation of unsaturated aldehydes.

Background The rising global incidence of head and neck cancer imposes a growing burden on health systems. However, comprehensive analysis of mortality trends, particularly age, period, and cohort effects, remains limited. Objective This study aims to evaluate head and neck cancer mortality trends in China from 1990 to 2019, with a focus on age, period, and cohort effects. Methods A secondary data analysis was conducted using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study, focusing on the Chinese population aged 20 years and older. The cancers examined included those of the lip–oral cavity, nasopharynx, other pharynx, larynx, and thyroid. Mortality data, including death numbers and age‐standardized rates, were analyzed using joinpoint regression and age–period–cohort analysis to identify trends. Results The study revealed that from 1990 to 2019, the age‐standardized mortality rate for head and neck cancer in China decreased more significantly than the global average. Although the overall trend in China showed a decrease, there were sporadic increases, especially among males. In contrast, females exhibited a more consistent decline. The age–period–cohort analysis demonstrated increasing mortality with age, decreasing mortality over successive periods, and fluctuating cohort effects, with a marked decrease for cohorts born after 1930. Conclusion Overall, the mortality rate for head and neck cancer in China is declining, with age being a significant risk factor for mortality, and earlier‐born cohorts facing higher risks. Continuous monitoring is essential to understand the impact of evolving clinical practice guidelines on the mortality of head and neck cancer.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the deadliest brain tumour with an extremely poor prognosis. Tryptophan catabolism could enhance an array of protumour‐genic signals and promoted tumour progression in GBM. However, the mechanisms of oncogenic signalling under tryptophan catabolism and potential therapy targeting this pathway have not been completely understood. Interleukin 4‐induced 1 (IL4I1) is newly defined as a tryptophan metabolic enzyme and the potential function in GBM cells still remains unclear. In our study, we found IL4I1 was upregulated in GBM patients and predicted poor prognosis. Upregulation of IL4I1 inhibited GBM ferroptosis in vitro and in vivo. Further, we found that indole‐3‐pyruvic acid (I3P) from tryptophan mediated by IL4I1 could scavenge free radical and had an impressive role in inhibiting ferroptosis. To clarify the potential mechanism of I3P in GBM ferroptosis, we performed transcriptomic analyses of GBM cells treated with I3P and found that Nrf2 related genes was upregulated. Further, we found that the ubiquitination of Nrf2 could be attenuate by I3P binding with Nrf2 directly. Knockdown of Nrf2 attenuated the induction of anti‐ferroptosis by IL4I1, pointing to Nrf2 as a key mediator of this process. In vivo, overexpression of IL4I1 with ML385 in GBM xenografts promoted ferroptosis. Collectively, this study emphasises the crucial roles of IL4I1 in anti‐ferroptosis through Nrf2 signalling pathway but not AHR pathway by catabolism tryptophan, suggesting IL4I1 and tryptophan reprogramming as potential therapeutic targets for GBM.