Liaoning Normal University
Recent publications
Recent studies of visual working memory (VWM) underscore a structured hierarchy of storage states. Memories that are not immediately relevant to the task at hand but are essential for later use are transferred to a passive state, which operates independently of actively maintaining and manipulating current memories. Note that stimulating passive memory forcefully can reactivate it into an active state, resulting in a competition with active memory. Thus, to remain stable representations for both states within VWM, passive memory might involve sustained suppression during activity-silent maintenance to prevent reactivation from disrupting the current active storage. To investigate this, we analyzed lateralized EEG signals while human participants (both women and men) were engaged in a sequential presentation memory task across two experiments. The results revealed positive contralateral delayed activity components and lateralized alpha enhancement for passive memory, neural indicative of suppression on passive storage. In addition, the suppression effect was independent of the memory load in both the active and the passive states. These findings support the notion of sustained suppression during activity-silent maintenance of passive memory, facilitating the stable maintenance of distinct storage states and advancing our understanding of the dynamic coding framework in VWM.
Generating multipartite entanglement is always a popular research field in quantum information processing and quantum optics. In this paper, we propose a scheme to realize all bipartite entanglements and the genuine tripartite entanglement among photon, magnon, and phonon modes in a cavity-magnomechanical system. The center-of-mass motion of a yttrium iron garnet sphere couples to the magnon and constitutes photon-magnon-phonon tripartite interaction. By modulating the detuning between the cavity (magnon) mode and the driven field, we can obtain the optimal photon-phonon entanglement or magnon-phonon entanglement. The genuine tripartite entanglement can be prepared through a suitable detuning. We compare the different entanglement cases with and without effective direct cavity-magnon coupling. The results indicate that the photon-magnon entanglement can be enhanced by the effective cavity-magnon coupling strength, and all bipartite entanglements show greater robustness against the thermal phonon number. This investigation should be useful for phonon-involved multipartite quantum information processing and quantum precision measurement.
Innovating nanocatalysts with both high intrinsic catalytic activity and high selectivity is crucial for multi‐electron reactions, however, their low mass/electron transport at industrial‐level currents is often overlooked, which usually leads to low comprehensive performance at the device level. Herein, a Cl⁻/O2 etching‐assisted self‐assembly strategy is reported for synthesizing a self‐assembled gap‐rich PdMn nanofibers with high mass/electron transport highway for greatly enhancing the electrocatalytic reforming of waste plastics at industrial‐level currents. The self‐assembled PdMn nanofiber shows excellent catalytic activity in upcycling waste plastics into glycolic acid, with a high current density of 223 mA cm⁻²@0.75 V (vs RHE), high selectivity (95.6%), and Faraday efficiency (94.3%) to glycolic acid in a flow electrolyzer. Density functional theory calculation, X‐ray absorption spectroscopy combined with in situ electrochemical Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy reveals that the introduction of highly oxophilic Mn induces a downshift of the d‐band center of Pd, which optimizes the adsorption energy of the reaction intermediates on PdMn surface, thereby facilitating the desorption of glycolic acid as a high‐value product. Computational fluid dynamics simulations confirm that the gap‐rich nanofiber structure is conducive for mass transfer to deliver an industrial‐level current.
This study investigates the dynamical effects of particles orbiting a celestial body in rotating Simpson–Visser (RSV) spacetime. The results show that, compared to Kerr and rotating regular black holes, the innermost stable circular orbit of an RSV wormhole is closer to the central object. Using high-frequency quasi-periodic oscillation (HFQPO) data from microquasars and χ² analysis, we constrain the spin of microquasars and the regularization parameter l in RSV spacetime based on four HFQPO models and their variants, and evaluate the models using the Akaike Information Criterion and Bayes factor. Calculations indicate that ER0, ER1, ER2, RP0, RP2, and WD models have the same support by observational data as the best model TD. Other models considered in this paper have less or no support from observational data. Concretely, for cases of ER0 and RP0 models, the observational constraints on RSV regularization parameter are respectively: l∗=0.908−0.073+0.086 and l∗<0.314 at 68% confidence level, which correspond to the regular or the Kerr ( l∗=0) BH. For ER1, ER2, RP2, TD, and WD models, the observational data suggest that RSV objects should be the traversable wormhole, e.g. we have the limits: l∗=1.850±0.036, l∗=4.964±0.046, etc.
Prior research has explored the relationship between boredom and smartphone addiction (SPA), but significant discrepancies remain. Moreover, the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic may have altered this association. Thus, this meta-analysis aims to clarify the true relationship between boredom and SPA, while also analyzing potential moderating factors. Articles published through April 2024 were retrieved from Chinese databases (CNKI, Wanfang, VIP) and English databases (Web of Science Core Collection, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Springer Online Journals). After screening, coding, and analysis using CMA 3.0 software, 54 studies involving 36,245 participants were included. The results revealed a significant positive correlation between boredom and SPA ( r = 0.412, 95% CI [0.385, 0.438]). Furthermore, this relationship was moderated by the COVID-19 pandemic and the methods used to measure boredom, but not by gender or the tools used to measure SPA. These findings provide strong evidence of a positive correlation between boredom and SPA, with the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbating this relationship.
In this paper, a new type of hybrid state, which consists of two valence quarks and two valence antiquarks together with a valence gluon, the gluonic tetraquark states, are investigated. Twenty-four currents of the the gluonic hidden-charm tetraquark states in [3ˉc]cq[8c]G[3c]cˉqˉ[\bar{3}_c]_{c q}\otimes [8_c]_{G}\otimes [3_c]_{\bar{c} \bar{q^\prime }} configuration are constructed, and their mass spectrum are evaluated in the framework of QCD sum rules with quantum numbers of JP=0+J^P=0^{+}, 00^{-}, 11^{-}, and 1+1^{+}. The nonperturbative contributions up to dimension 8 are taken into account. The results indicate that there may be exist 14 gluonic hidden-charm tetraquark states, and their corresponding hidden-bottom partners are also evaluated. The possible production and decay modes of the gluonic tetraquark states are analyzed, which are hopefully measurable in BESIII, BELLEII, PANDA, Super-B, and LHCb experiments.
The existing literature lacks insight into what environmental practices companies adopt after receiving environmental administrative penalties. Utilizing data from Chinese listed companies, the study employs propensity score matching method to analyze the impact of environmental administrative penalties on corporate environmental practices. Results indicate that such environmental penalties deter authentic environmental efforts of companies, instead prompting symbolic gestures. Specifically, environmental penalties spur increased environmental disclosures in non-heavily polluting sectors, with higher penalties correlating with greater disclosure. However, in heavily polluting industries, penalties fail to significantly enhance environmental disclosures. This suggests that penalized companies prioritize superficial compliance over substantive environmental action, with penalized firms engaging in increased environmental disclosure as a response to legitimacy threats. Overall, this research contributes to understanding the complex dynamics between environmental regulations, corporate behavior, and disclosure practices, providing valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders involved in environmental governance and regulation.
The steady-state entanglement of two mutually coupled qubits (each qubit interacts with its own local squeezed thermal reservoir) is investigated based on the Bloch–Redfield master equation beyond the secular approximation. In equilibrium settings (the temperatures of the two local thermal reservoirs are the same), the squeezing on both sides of the reservoir suppresses the steady-state entanglement. The steady-state entanglement is a nonmonotonic function with respect to the reservoir temperature in the equilibrium setting. Moreover, entanglement is suppressed under both squeezed vacuum reservoir and high-temperature thermal reservoir conditions irrespective of the value of the squeeze parameter. On the other hand, in non-equilibrium settings (the temperatures of the two local thermal reservoirs differ), asymmetrical squeezing significantly enhances the steady-state entanglement, which leads to higher maxima compared to the equilibrium scenarios. The temperature difference of the two reservoirs is found to be beneficial to the enhancement of the entanglement when the temperature of the high-temperature reservoir is fixed. The variations in effective temperature and eigenstate populations of the two-qubit system with respect to the squeeze parameter are also studied.
Marketing research consistently demonstrates that gender stereotypes influence the effectiveness of product recommendations. When artificial intelligence (AI) agents are designed with gendered features to enhance anthropomorphism, a follow‐up question is whether these agents' recommendations are also shaped by gender stereotypes. To investigate this, the current study employed a shopping task featuring product recommendations (utilitarian vs. hedonic), using both behavioral measures (purchase likelihood, personal interest, and tip amount) and event‐related potential components (P1, N1, P2, N2, P3, and late positive potential) to capture explicit and implicit responses to products recommended by male and female humans, virtual assistants, or robots. The findings revealed that gender stereotypes influenced responses at both levels but in distinct ways. Behaviorally, participants consistently favored female recommenders across all conditions. Additionally, female recommenders received more tips than males for hedonic products in the virtual assistant condition and utilitarian products in the robot condition. Implicitly, the N1 and N2 components reflected a classic gender stereotype from prior research: utilitarian products recommended by male humans elicited greater attention and received more inhibition control. We propose that task design and cultural factors may have contributed to the observed discrepancies between explicit (consumer behaviors) and implicit responses. These findings provide insights for mitigating the impact of gender difference when designing the anthropomorphic appearance of AI agents, which would help the development of more effective marketing strategies.
Background High temperature is a critical environmental factor leading to mass mortality in oyster aquaculture in China. Recent advancements highlight the physiological regulation function of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the adaptation of environmental stress. Methods and results This study examined the physiological responses of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) upon high temperature exposure, focusing on the histopathological changes in gill, the GABA concentration, the mRNA expression and activities of apoptosis-related genes. Following 24 h of exposure to seawater at 28 °C, notable histopathological changes, including cellular swelling and vacuolization, along with an increase in TUNEL-positive cells were observed in the oyster gill, compared to the control group maintained at 18 °C. Moreover, there was a significant increase in CgCaspase-3 transcripts, Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 activities in the gills, glutamate decarboxylase CgGAD transcripts in the haemocytes, and GABA concentrations in the haemolymph supernatant. Intervention with GABA markedly ameliorated these responses, including reducing the mRNA expression levels of CgBax, CgBak, CgCaspase-3, and CgCaspase-9, as well as the activities of Caspase-3/9. Furthermore, after the treatment with GABAA and GABAB receptor antagonists, the activities and expression levels of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 significantly up-regulated under hightemperature stress. GABA treatment also significantly diminished the increased Caspase-3 activity by mitochondrial pathway apoptosis inducers. Conclusions High temperature induced mitochondrial pathway apoptosis via increased caspase activities. The transcripts of CgGAD in haemocytes and GABA concentration in hemolymph supernatant also increased after high-temperature stress. GABA countered these effects through the activation of GABAA and GABAB receptors, reducing both caspase activity and expression of apoptosis-related genes.
Online service systems struggle with accurately and quickly pinpointing and resolving failures within their intricate systems, and it therefore emerges the solutions for fault localization in the code. However, the previous fault localization models suffer from low localization accuracy and poor interpretability due to the complex dependencies among fault characteristics in industrial practice. To address this issue, challenges brought by the long-distance dependencies among fault features and the unbalanced distribution of fault knowledge, and to improve the interpretability of the model, we present a fault localization model in online service systems more actionable and interpretable, named FL-AIer. Specifically, FL-AIer consists of two components: the feature encoding component and the fault localization component. The feature encoding component utilizes graph attention networks to capture the complex spatio-temporal dependencies within fault features. Then, the fault localization component adopts a three-stage approach, leveraging a multi-attention mechanism to identify and prioritize the most relevant fault features for precise localization. Additionally, the Fault Knowledge Balancing module it contains introduces a weighted Kullback-Leibler divergence loss function to ensure that the model pays adequate attention to all fault features, addressing the issue of imbalanced fault knowledge distribution and enhancing localization performance. We conducted extensive experiments on four datasets, and the results demonstrated that FL-AIer effectively addressing the challenges of fault localization in online system environments, and consistently outperforms the state-of-the-art methods across various evaluation metrics such as A@1, A@2, A@3, A@5, and MAR. For instance, FL-AIer achieves significant improvements of 5.82%, 10.77%, 4.20% and 15.56% on the A@1 metric, respectively. These results fully demonstrate the excellent effectiveness of FL-AIer in effectively addressing the challenges of fault localization in online system environments, surpassing the performance of existing state-of-the-art methods.
We investigate quantum steering of Dirac field for different types of Bell states in Schwarzschild–de Sitter (SdS) spacetime that has a black hole event horizon (BEH) and a cosmological event horizon (CEH). We find that fermionic steerability from Bob to Alice is greater than fermionic steerability from Alice to Bob, while bosonic steerability exhibits the opposite behavior in SdS spacetime. These different properties between fermionic and bosonic steering arise from the differences between Fermi–Dirac statistics and Bose–Einstein statistics. We also find that the Hawking effect of the black hole decreases fermionic steerability. However, the Hawking effect of the expanding universe can enhance fermionic steerability, which differs from the properties of quantum steering in single-event horizon spacetime. Interestingly, we can indirectly protect quantum steering by using appropriate types of Bell states in multi-event horizon spacetime. These conclusions are helpful to guide the task of processing relativistic quantum information for quantum steering in SdS spacetime.
Nonverbal emotional vocalizations play a crucial role in conveying emotions during human interactions. Validated corpora of these vocalizations have facilitated emotion-related research and found wide-ranging applications. However, existing corpora have lacked representation from diverse cultural backgrounds, which may limit the generalizability of the resulting theories. The present paper introduces the Chinese Nonverbal Emotional Vocalization (CNEV) corpus, the first nonverbal emotional vocalization corpus recorded and validated entirely by Mandarin speakers from China. The CNEV corpus contains 2415 vocalizations across five emotion categories: happiness, sadness, fear, anger, and neutrality. It also includes a database containing subjective evaluation data on emotion category, valence, arousal, and speaker gender, as well as the acoustic features of the vocalizations. Key conclusions drawn from statistical analyses of perceptual evaluations and acoustic analysis include the following: (1) the CNEV corpus exhibits adequate reliability and high validity; (2) perceptual evaluations reveal a tendency for individuals to associate anger with male voices and fear with female voices; (3) acoustic analysis indicates that males are more effective at expressing anger, while females excel in expressing fear; and (4) the observed perceptual patterns align with the acoustic analysis results, suggesting that the perceptual differences may stem not only from the subjective factors of perceivers but also from objective expressive differences in the vocalizations themselves. For academic research purposes, the CNEV corpus and database are freely available for download at https://osf.io/6gy4v/.
To further validate the scientific rigor of the Child and Adolescent Antisocial Behavior Questionnaire (CAASBQ) for grades 4 to 9 and to investigate the current status of antisocial behavior (ASB) in children and adolescents, this study conducted a sampling survey in the Northeast, East, North, Central, and Southwest regions of China. The study included a total of 11,621 children and adolescents. The results indicated that the scale had a five-dimensional structure, namely teacher-student conflict (TSC), parent-child conflict (PCC), bullying and harm (BH), association with deviant peers (ADP), and emotional outburst (EO). The questionnaire demonstrated good reliability and validity. It was an effective assessment tool for measuring ASB in children and adolescents. The results revealed significant gender and educational stage differences in TSC, PCC, BH, ADP, EO, and the total ASB score among children and adolescents. Furthermore, left-behind children and adolescents (LB) exhibited significantly higher levels of antisocial behavior across all dimensions compared to non-left-behind children and adolescents (NLB). This study provided valuable scientific data and insights into the understanding of ASB in children and adolescents.
To explore the mechanism of physical exercise’s influence on college students’ social anxiety and to analyze the chain-mediated role of mindfulness and mental toughness. A questionnaire survey was conducted on 1071 Chinese college students using the Physical Exercise Rating Scale, Social Anxiety Self-Rating Scale, Positive Thoughts Scale, and Mental Toughness Scale. The direct effect value of physical exercise on college students’ social anxiety was − 0.042, the effect values of positive thoughts and mental toughness between physical exercise and college students’ social anxiety were − 0.078 and − 0.007, respectively, and the chain mediation effect of positive thoughts and mental toughness was significant, with an effect value of -0.040. (1) Physical exercise significantly positively predicts positive thoughts and mental toughness and significantly negatively predicts social anxiety; (2) physical exercise has a significant direct and indirect effect on social anxiety in college students. Physical exercise can significantly predict college students’ social anxiety through the independent mediation effect of mindfulness and mental toughness and the chain mediation effect of mindfulness and mental toughness.
Objective Guided by Self-System Processes Theory, Social Support Theory, and Stress and Coping Theory, this study investigates how perceived school climate influences adolescents’ negative emotions through the chain mediation of school belonging and social avoidance and distress. It also examines demographic differences across gender and grade and tests the structural invariance of the proposed model. Method A cross-sectional survey of 1,507 Chinese adolescents in grades 5–9 was conducted using validated scales. Independent samples t-tests and one-way ANOVA were used to examine gender and grade differences in the key variables. Structural equation modeling (SEM) tested the hypothesized mediation model, while multigroup SEM assessed structural invariance across subgroups. Results Perceived school climate reduced negative emotions both directly and indirectly, with school belonging and social avoidance and distress as key mediators. Peer support demonstrated the strongest indirect effect, while teacher support and autonomy opportunities influenced negative emotions through both direct and indirect pathways. A chain mediation pathway was identified, and structural invariance testing confirmed consistent relationships across gender and grade groups. Conclusion This study reveals a complex chain mediation mechanism and highlights the stability of structural relationships across demographic groups. The findings provide valuable theoretical and practical insights for fostering supportive school environments to promote adolescent emotional well-being.
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249 members
Li-Dong Gong
  • School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Mingda Wang
  • School of Geography
Danhong Zhou
  • School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Xiaoyu Tang
  • College of Psychology
Yu Zhang
  • Department of Physics
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Dalian, China