Kristu Jayanti College

We report synthesis, structural, morphological, linear & nonlinear optical, and antibacterial studies of Plumeria stenopetala mediated zinc oxide nanoparticles. The leaf extract of P. stenopetala was used to synthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles. The x-ray diffraction pattern peaks demonstrate that ZnO is crystallized with a hexagonal wurtzite structure. FTIR spectroscopy was used to investigate the band locations. The surface morphology was examined using SEM. The linear optical absorption was studied using UV–Visible spectroscopy. The direct band gap is measured to be 3.35 eV and the photoluminescence studies shows red emission at 644 nm. The femtosecond nonlinear optical properties were studied using Z-scan technique (150 fs, 80 MHz, 700 nm). The third order nonlinear optical coefficients are determined and optical limiting behavior was studied. Further, the nanoparticles were tested against two gram negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. These investigations show that the prepared nanoparticles are good candidate for bio-medical and nonlinear optical applications.

To sustain the incomes, one must implement multiple cropping systems for farmers who grow their crops in India’s tobacco industry. The inflation in urban/rural areas may signal tax evasion and require regulation. When standards are not met, trade in illicit products appears; it can negatively affect a country’s economic and environmental future. There is hope in reshaping mindfulness practices for tobacco control and public health. As of June 2024, the cigarette market volume in India is US$13,370.0 million. From 2022 to June 2024, India’s cigarette market volume increased to$1.29 billion. As of June 2024, China’s cigarette market volume is $285,130 million, more than India’s. From 2022 to June 2024, China’s cigarette market volume has increased by US$10,800 million. China’s cigarette market volume has increased by US$ 9.51 billion more than India’s. Both China’s and India’s cigarette consumption has increased. AI and virtual reality may aid addiction recovery. Comprehensive strategies, including establishing de-addiction centres, implementing psychoeducation, developing a new intervention manual, developing new interventions, developing new assessment tools, and policy changes, a need to reduce tobacco consumption and address underlying causes. Incorporating mindful methods, new assessment tools, and proper formulation into an economic approach can help curb tobacco consumption sustainably while improving public health.

Social media is quickly changing the communication styles of today’s social world. The emergence of social media is significantly influencing the life of youths. Social media is a term used to describe the interaction between groups or individuals in which they produce, share, and sometimes exchange ideas, images, videos and many more over the Internet and in virtual communities. Today, social media has been accepted by higher institution making it a platform where students connect with their instructors, fellow students, and other higher authorities across the board. Youths are indulged by mobile devices and interactive social networking sites such as Twitter, MySpace, and Facebook, Snapchat, and WhatsApp which has made the social media a vital aspect of their life. Social network is transforming the behaviour in which youthful people relate with their parents, peers, as well as how they make use of technology and sometimes usage of social media goes beyond the limit it leads to hamper the health and life of the youth. This paper covers all aspects of social media with its positive and negative effect. Focus on the field like of society and youth. During this paper, we describe how these media will affect society in a broad way.

Halophilic marine bacteria have been considered for their potential secondary metabolites that possess antagonistic activity, bio-reducing activity, and a number of clinical and probiotic applications. In total, 12 halophilic bacterial strains were isolated from marine water and soil sediment samples. From the primary antimicrobial screening of the cell-free supernatant of all isolates, T7 and N5 strains showed significant results. The genomic DNA of these strains was isolated and their nucleotide sequencing confirmed as Vibrio alginolyticus (T7) and Aeromonas veronii (N5), respectively. The bacterial secondary metabolites from ethyl acetate extract (EAE) were tested against pathogens (Vibrio harveyi, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio spp., and Aeromonas hydrophila). The Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) characterization of the EAE revealed nine functional groups, primarily alkanes and amides, in each isolate (T7 and N5), while gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC–MS) identified nine compounds from V. alginolyticus (T7) and four from A. veronii (N5). The molecular docking was performed for 12 compounds against proteins from pathogens: DNA gyrase subunit B and the topoisomerase IV (Topo IV), which revealed the potential binding mode of the ligands to the sites of the appropriate targets. Whereas the compound decyl phthalate from V. alginolyticus showed an active binding affinity value − 5.5 to − 6.6 kcal/mol against gyrB and Topo IV proteins of pathogens, compounds phthalic acid, 2-ethylhexyl pentadecyl ester, and bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate from A. veronii showed high binding affinity values of − 6.1 to − 7.2 and − 5.7 to − 6.8 kcal/mol against fish pathogen proteins of the gyrB protein and Topo IV, respectively. Thus, the protein with ligand binding affinity indicates a stronger inhibition of V. harveyi and A. hydrophila compared to other pathogens. Overall, the compounds from the EAE of A. veronii were found to be highly effective against pathogens compared to the EAE of V. alginolyticus. Therefore, further studies are needed to explore the potential therapeutic applications in treating bacterial infections in aquaculture settings.

Amid dynamic shifts in both domestic and international economic landscapes, climate change emerges as a pressing issue demanding collective action. The energy sector stands out as a primary source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, especially Carbon dioxide (CO2), necessitating substantial investments to uphold climate protection and advance sustainable development. In recent years, there has been surge in interest and discourse surrounding global warming and sustainable development. The issue of climate change has captivated an ever-growing community of researchers and policymakers, prompting a deep dive into the factors responsible for global warming and climate shifts. With this background, the study attempted to assess the association between CO2 with the growth of the economy and energy consumption in three major emitters of the world. The study investigated the relationship among Energy consumption, Economic Growth (GDP), and Carbon dioxide (CO2) in nations like China, Japan, and India over the period of 1990 to 2020. The study purposively selected China, Japan, and India which are the three major emitters in the world. The results show a significant correlation among these variables revealing high dependency on each other. China and Japan emerge as the top emitters than India. China’s policy efforts fall short of achieving zero emission targets whereas Japan’s efforts comprise assisting developing nations in achieving carbon neutrality goals. India is actively striving toward achieving carbon neutrality before 2070, albeit facing challenges in implementation. The efforts of China and Japan are in the right direction as both possess a plethora of resources, whereas the effort of India is commendable even with fewer resources. These three countries possess the power to steer the climate politics in the right direction.

The term “Metaverse” has gained immense attention lately, propelled by the swift progression of digital technology throughout every aspect of society. This progress has significantly expanded the realms of virtual worlds, obscuring the divide amid physical and digital spaces and amplifying the influence of the Metaverse. Through augmented and virtual reality, the Metaverse integrates into the physical world, enabling users to navigate real and simulated environments via avatars and holograms. Metaverse is considered as a next stage of internet which facilitates connections regardless of physical distance. It engage users in 3D environments. These days many emerging entrepreneurs are using Metaverse technologies in their business. The study is conducted to understand the development of Metaverse entrepreneurial opportunities by analyzing the various challenges associated within the virtual world. The Metaverse creates a shared virtual space combining physical and virtual reality and offers a distinctive platform to the upcoming entrepreneurs. The present research paper focused on the origin, history, and characteristics of Metaverse and simultaneously it addresses the key entrepreneurial activities that can be undertaken in it. The research paper concludes that Metaverse will have a positive impact on various entrepreneurial ventures including industrial investments, collaborations, regulatory frameworks and technological innovations as well.

This paper examines the relationship between official Indian Forex rates, Brent oil crude oil and Gold prices on stock market indices during the study period from F.Y 2013–2014 to 2023–2024. The data have been analysed by using Unit root test to know the stationary, multiple breakpoint, Unit root break point test and multiple regression is applied with the help of EViews 12SV. It is found that Euro as well as JPY is having negative impact on BSE. Euro, USD as well as Gold rate are having negative impact on Nifty 50. Hence it is concluded that study variables that official Indian Forex Values, Gold and Brent Crude Oil were having impact on BSE and NIFTY 50.

The strategy of mergers and acquisitions (M&A) has historically been regarded as Strategic business decision. This study aims to investigate the financial performance of mergers and acquisitions (M&A) in India over the past three years 2017–2019 selected and after mergers and acquisitions next two years 2021 and 2023 and explores their impact on the accounting-based performance of acquiring companies. The study employed eight key financial measures to assess the outcomes. During the study, data spanning from 2019 to 2020 was collected from diverse sources, comprising 6 M&A datasets, to accomplish this objective. The study revealed that the RG, ROCE, ROA, CR, D/E, EPS and StMr ratios significant which is below the 0.05% significance level except MVA is not statistically validated. Therefore, during M&A management should consider these ratios which will impact on their strategic decisions.

Although Reliability Block Diagrams (RBDs), are frequently employed for reliability analysis, their efficacy in healthcare applications is limited because they frequently fail to address the imprecision and uncertainty present in clinical data. By adding Neutrosophic Logic to RBDs, this work creates a novel method for improving reliability evaluations in ambiguous clinical settings. In contrast to conventional approaches, the Neutrosophic RBD model better represents the complexity of healthcare systems by integrating truth, indeterminacy, and falsity components. R programming is used to develop the model, and simulations are used to gauge how well it performs in various clinical settings. According to the simulations, the Neutrosophic RBD model outperforms conventional RBDs in managing uncertainty and enhancing decision-making, offering more flexibility and more precise reliability evaluations. This research establishes a foundation for future research that could broaden the application of this method to other decision-support systems, both within and beyond the healthcare sector.

Oral pathogen biofilms contribute to chronic infections, while oral cancer remains a significant health threat, emphasizing the need for effective therapeutic strategies. This study investigates the fabrication, characterization, and therapeutic potential of copper oxide-stigmasterol nanoparticles (CuO-SS NPs) for oral pathogen biofilm disruption and oral cancer treatment. The antimicrobial activity of CuO-SS NPs was evaluated against oral pathogens, including S. aureus, S. mutans, E. faecalis, and C. albicans. In cancer cell studies, CuO-SS NPs exhibited a concentration-dependent cytotoxicity, reducing cell viability from 88% at 15 µg/mL to 29.33% at 120 µg/mL, comparable to doxorubicin (24.3%). The CuO-SS NPs significantly upregulated the apoptosis markers (Caspase-3, Caspase-8, and FasL) by 4.05, 1.4, and 3.1 fold, respectively. These results highlight the potential of CuO-SS NPs as a dual-purpose therapeutic for oral infections and cancer.

Since air toxic waste affects both the atmosphere and people, it is a serious problem on a worldwide scale. This effort grants a thorough conversation of the AI approaches and ML algorithms used in ecological toxic waste predicting and early-cautionary schemes. Moreover, the current effort highlights additional on AI methods used for predicting numerous main toxins in part. Further attention is specified to both AI and ML methods in foreseeing long-lasting air network infections and the estimate of weather variations and temperature surfs. The bases and effects of toxins on the atmosphere and human health were enclosed in aspect, as well as the current research status on ecological toxic waste predicting methods. Related to particular AI models, the composite model makes improved and proposals developed prediction and cautionary system precision. This study absorbed on routine estimate fault guides such as R2, RMSE, MAE, and MAPE, assessing the efficiency of several AI models.

Child abuse remains a persistent and grave issue worldwide, with significant social and economic implications. In Malaysia, despite various measures, child abuse rates have shown a concerning upward trend. Understanding the economic factors that contribute to this issue is essential for crafting effective interventions. This study utilizes the non-linear ARDL method to investigate the relationship between poverty, economic growth, unemployment, and child abuse in Malaysia from 1989 to 2020. The results reveal significant impacts of variations in poverty, economic output, and unemployment on child abuse rates. Specifically, higher unemployment rates are associated with higher child abuse rates over the long term, while lower unemployment rates may lead to lower rates of child abuse. Increases in poverty have been correlated with decreases in child abuse. Both positive and negative fluctuations in economic growth have direct and pronounced effects on the upward trend of child abuse rates. Interestingly, while a positive shock in economic growth increases child abuse, a negative shock mitigates it in the short run. Negative trends in poverty correspond to an increase in abuse rates. These findings highlight the complex relationship between macroeconomic factors and child abuse rates. They underscore the importance of government interventions to address this issue and promote the well-being and happiness of children as the economy advances. Therefore, policymakers are encouraged to prioritize child protection and abuse prevention as interconnected goals. This can be achieved by implementing interventions that address underlying parental stressors, such as offering support for managing work-related stress, reducing the stigma associated with unemployment, and ensuring access to mental health and social support services..

This study does a bibliometric analysis of research papers on artificial intelligence (AI) and fintech. The analysis focuses on documents published in Scopus between 2016 and 2023. The R programming language is utilised for the analysis. We can determine influential authors, prominent research themes, and collaborative networks in this field by examining publishing trends, citation patterns, and essential metrics such as betweenness, proximity, and PageRank. The findings demonstrate a notable surge in research on artificial intelligence (AI) and financial technology (fintech), emphasizing the main contributors and their interrelatedness. The investigation additionally reveals emerging patterns and fundamental areas of concentration, offering valuable observations into the developing landscape of artificial intelligence applications in financial technology. This bibliometric study provides a significant resource for researchers and practitioners by presenting a complete overview of the current state of research in artificial intelligence (AI) and financial technology (fintech). It also provides guidance for future studies in this quickly expanding subject.