Islamic Azad University, Zahedan Branch

This study, it has been attempted to investigate the heavy metals pollution in groundwater resources of Konaro area. Accordingly, eight representative groundwater samples from wells and qanat were collected in December 2017 from rural settlements commonly used for irrigation and drinking. Analysis of lead, zinc, iron, chromium, copper and nickel as heavy metals was conducted by the ICP-MS approach. The results of analyzes indicate that the concentration of heavy metals in the groundwater of the study area is lower than the permissible limit. Results of HEI, HPI, and Cd contamination indices show that 62.5% of samples in the Konaro area fall into the medium pollution group, and the rest of the samples fall into the low pollution group due to their heavy metals content. Studies show that all samples of groundwater in the Konaro area have low to moderate contamination and that the overall contamination rate is not dangerous. Correlations between heavy metals indicators demonstrate that HPI is strongly correlated with HEI and Cd also HEI with Cd. Therefore, it is evident that all of the indices are important and reliable to study the risk of heavy metals pollution in the Konaro ophiolitic area. Pollution evaluation indices and statistical analysis confirm that the low to medium level of heavy metals in Konaro groundwater samples is owing to the lack of acidity, poor agriculture and poor urbanization around the river and thus the lack of contamination of the aquifer.

BACKGROUND: Marital satisfaction is one of the most important determinative factors of healthy function in family and can be affected by some factors. AIM: This study was conducted aimed to determine the relationship between quality of life and marital satisfaction in nurses in Social Security hospital in Zahedan. METHOD: In this descriptive and correlational study, the population was the all of the nurses in various wards in Social Security hospital in Zahedan. The sample size was 103 and data collection was done through quality of life questionnaire (War and Sherborn) and Enrich Marital Satisfaction Scale. Data analysis was done through SPSS15 and using pearsons’ correlation coefficient and stepwise regression. RESULTS: The aspects of physical functioning, role limitations due to physical health problems, role limitation due to emotional problems had a significant positive correlation and the bodily pain had a significant reverse correlation with aspects of marital satisfaction. The aspects of role limitations due to physical health problems and bodily pain were predictors of marital satisfaction. CONCLUSION: The results of study demonstrated the importance of pay attention to family issues and marital satisfaction and in this regard, the promotion of all aspects of quality of life is essential.

The only thing that doesn't change in the current revolutionary world is the change itself. Accessing to agility is required while dealing with efficient and useful reactions to changes and acquiring competitive advantages from the opportunities resulted from the change. Hence, at the beginning of this article, we have tried to propose the following subjects: the concept, importance and necessity of accessing agility and fuzz plus its reasons. Then, we will assess agility with the Goldman methodology based on fuzzy approach. In this respect, several questionnaires were distributed among the top managers of Saipa Yadak car co., Iran. Finally, after precise and through analyses, the sub- criteria were recognized based on the fuzzy approach and the possible obstacles for reaching the agility level and different recommendations were suggested.

Neuroblastoma is a cancer that occurs due to abnormal development of the sympathetic nervous system. The dysregulation of miR-9 and miR-222 plays a crucial role in neuroblastoma development. These microRNAs have a significant relationship with PTEN, caspase-9, and MMP14, which can potentially form the basis for the specific diagnosis and treatment of this disease. In our study, two neuroblastoma cell lines were divided into three groups based on whether they had been treated with miR-9, anti-miR-9, miR-222, or both. We evaluated various parameters in these groups, including migration (through a wound healing assay), apoptosis (using flow cytometry), and gene expression (through qRT-PCR). Additionally, we measured the expression levels of MMP14, miR-9, and miR-222 in plasma and CSF samples from neuroblastoma patients using ELISA and qRT-PCR. We found that patients with neuroblastoma had higher levels of MMP14 and miR-222 mRNA expression but lower levels of miR-9 mRNA expression. Furthermore, after treating the cell lines with anti-miR-9 and anti-miR-222, we observed increased levels of MMP14 expression, as well as PTEN and caspase-9. Additionally, the treatment with anti-miR-222 and anti-miR-9 led to an increase in the frequency of apoptosis and migration of cancer cells. Our research shows that the dysregulation of miR-9, miR-222, and MMP14 could be key indicators in the pathogenesis of neuroblastoma. We also found that up-regulation of miR-9 was associated with decreased disease severity, whereas up-regulation of miR-222 and MMP14 was linked to increased disease severity.

Deficiencies in coagulation factors I (FI), FII, FV, combined FV and FVIII (CF5F8) and vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors FVII, FX, FXI, and FXIII have been referred to as rare bleeding disorders (RBDs), rare coagulation factor deficiencies (RCFDs), or recessively inherited coagulation disorders. Fibrinogen was most likely the first member of this group to be identified, with reports of its discovery spanning from 1859 to 1966. If not, then the first coagulation factor to be identified was prothrombin in 1894, and the last coagulation factor to be found was FX in 1956, about 60 years later. The first patient to be diagnosed with an RBD was a 9-year-old boy with afibrinogenemia in 1920 and the vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors deficiency was the most recent RBD in this group to be identified in a 3-month-old child in 1966. The initial therapeutic option for nearly all patients with RBDs was whole blood transfusion; this was replaced in 1941 by fresh frozen plasma (FFP), and then in later years by cryoprecipitate and coagulation factor concentrates. Fibrinogen concentrate was the first coagulation factor concentrate produced in 1956. Coagulation factor concentrate is now available for FI, FVII, FX, FXI, and FXIII; however, FFP and/or platelet transfusion are the only treatments available for FV deficiency. The only recombinant concentrates available for RBDs are for FVII and FXIII, which date from 1988 and the 2000s, respectively. Even though the clinical presentations, diagnosis, and management of lesser-known bleeding disorders have improved significantly in recent decades, more studies are needed to reveal the hidden aspects of these disorders in order to overcome diagnostic and therapeutic challenges and ultimately improve the quality of life for those who are affected.

Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) aims to enhance one’s ability to connect with and mindfully accept all psychological and emotional experiences, thereby deal with death anxiety. This research aimed to examine the preventive efficacy of group training based on ACT in enhancing mental health and deal with death anxiety among the older adult population in Zanjan province, Iran. The present study was a single-blind randomized clinical trial with a pretest-posttest control group design and a three-month follow-up. The entire population was contacted, but ultimately, only 54 individuals participated in the study (27 in the intervention group and 27 in the control group). The intervention group underwent ten sessions of group ACT. While the controls did not receive ACT during the study, they have been offered the opportunity to access this program after the follow-up. Ethics Committee approval was obtained. Data was collected using the SCID-5-RV, an adapted version of the Templer Death Anxiety Scale and the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised. The gathered data was analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA in SPSS Version 24. In the intervntion group, the participants’ average age was 63.44 years (SD = 3.67), while in the control group, the average age was 62.70 years (SD = 3.23). There were 11 women (40.74) and 16 men (59.25) in each intervntion and control group. The results showed a significant difference between the intervention and control groups in terms of death anxiety and psychological health in the post-test. Also, based on the follow-up investigations, the observed difference between the groups remained consistent over time (P < 0.05). The interaction effect of time and group for death anxiety was statistically significant (F = 2.52, 20.108, P < 0.05). Our findings indicated positive effects of ACT on deal with death anxiety and enhancing the scores of mental health in elders. However, further clinical trials are warranted.

Coffee is one of the most commonly consumed beverages worldwide, so assessing its quality for potential health risks is essential. Therefore, this review aimed to determine the levels of ochratoxin A (OTA) in coffee worldwide and then estimate its human intake and health risks. The systematic search took place from June 1997 to April 2024 and 40 of 254 articles were selected based on the selection criteria. The results showed significant differences in average levels of OTA between countries, continents and coffee types (p < 0.001). Of 3256 samples, OTA was detected in 1778, accounting for 54.6% of the total, with the percentage of positive results varying between 7.5% and 100%. Only two studies reported OTA average levels in roasted coffee exceeding the maximum limit (ML) set by the European Commission (ML-EC = 5 μg/kg). The average OTA in soluble coffee was lower than ML-EC (10 μg/kg) in all studies, and in instant coffee, the level of OTA was higher than ML-EC (10 μg/kg) only in one study. The estimated daily intake (EDI) of OTA in all coffee types was lower than the provisional tolerable daily intake (PTDI) values set by joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) (14 ng/kg bw/day) and proposed by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) (17 ng/kg bw/day). Non-carcinogenic risk assessment through coffee consumption indicated that the hazard quotient (HQ) was below the acceptable level, HQ = 1. The Margin of Exposure (MoE) for neoplastic effects was acceptable and unacceptable for non-neoplastic effects (NNE) in 4.5% (one of 22 cases) of the roasted and soluble coffees, but acceptable for all instant coffees. In conclusion, the study shows that the OTA content of coffee is not toxic to consumers worldwide. However, preventative measures should be taken, including inhibiting fungal growth and reducing OTA-producing fungal growth.

Nowadays, many articles are published about the behavior of inhibitors in metal corrosion inhibition using molecular dynamics simulation. However, in these researches, for different structures and dynamic conditions, the settings of the input parameters are almost the same regardless of the accuracy of each measurement. Also, many details of the works are not revealed. Corrosion inhibition of iron metal (110) with four organic compounds is simulated in an aqueous environment. Settings were made on parameters such as forcefield type, algorithm, temperature control methods, and summation methods, and the temperature and energy profiles of the systems were obtained during the equilibrium step. Data accuracy was evaluated through statistical analysis of standard deviation. Under the benchmark of settings of parameters, values of radial distribution function and energy of interactions were calculated and analyzed. It was shown why benchmark input parameters and optimal settings are very important in the study of any metal-inhibitor system by molecular dynamics simulation method. The findings of this work can be a pattern for the works of other researchers in this field.

Identification of potential lands on the basis of their environmental benefits and constraints can greatly contribute to the stability of canola production in different parts of the world including Sistan-Baluchestan province, Iran. Accordingly, using GIS, the scores of environmental factors affecting canola production including temperature, rainfall, slope, altitude, organic matter, soil salinity, pH and soil nutrients (N, P, K, Fe and Zn) were integrated along with the weights of analytical hierarchical process (AHP) for the production of canola suitability maps. The zoning maps of climate, topography, and soil as well as the canola suitability maps and the current production maps of canola were prepared. According to the AHP results canola cultivation was affected the most by climate (rainfall and water sources) compared with topography and soil. ArcGIS results indicated southern lands of Zahedan had the highest organic matter, and excluding Hirmand, other parts of the area had appropriate salinity for canola production. The most appropriate areas in terms of acidity for canola production are Hirmand and the central part of Zahedan. In arable soil, the nitrogen level was not maximum in the region, and Nimrooz and Zabol had the highest phosphorus. Potassium was average in the research area, and Zabol, Zahak, Nimrooz and Hamoon had the highest Fe. The output maps obtained from the combination of various ecological factors indicated that the moderate and non-suitable classes of land for canola cultivation are located in the northern parts of Zahak, Hamon, Nimzoz and the total lands of Hirmand and Zabol.

Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) is a medicinal plant, and its quality and quantity are notably affected by agricultural practices such as plant density and irrigation. A split-plot experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications for two crop years (2018–2020) at the Sistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Iran. The irrigation methods included: I1, which involved irrigation during vegetative, flowering, and seed-filling stages; I2, which involved irrigation during vegetative and flowering stages; I3, which involved irrigation during flowering and seed-filling stages; I4, which involved irrigation only during flowering stage; and I5, which involved no irrigation at all. The experiment also included testing plant density at 30, 50, and 100 plants per m2. The study found that different irrigation regimes significantly impacted seed yield, relative water content, chlorophyll, proline, total carbohydrate, antioxidant activities, and essential oil content. The maximum seed yield was attained with I1 (control) and a planting density of 100 plants per m2, resulting in 651.9 kg ha−1 and 672.4 kg ha−1 in the first and second years, respectively. The irrigation during flowering and seed filling (I3) with 50 and 100 plants per m2 also showed a high seed yield in the first year. Non-irrigation and 30 plants per m2 density resulted in the highest catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase activities. The essential oil content varied depending on irrigation and planting density, with the highest content achieved with I4 irrigation and a planting density of 50 and 30 plants per m2 in the first and second years (5.44 and 4.5%), respectively. The essential oil compounds with the highest mean values were β-pinene and safranal, while cuminaldehyde and sabinene had the lowest mean values. The research findings suggest that for optimal plant performances, it is advisable to use a planting density of 50 plants per m2 and implement two irrigation stages during vegetative growth and flowering.

Aims & Objective This study entailed the creation of a new variation of pyrroloimidazoles with exceptional efficacy through chemical synthesis. The synthesis was accomplished by tricomponent reactions utilizing ninhydrins, diamines, and activated acetylenic compounds in an aqueous setting, leading to significant yields. The antioxidant properties of recently synthesized Pyrroloimidazoles derivatives have been ascribed to the existence of NH and OH groups, which were evaluated using two techniques. The antimicrobial effectiveness of recently developed pyrroloimidazoles was evaluated using a disk diffusion technique against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Materials and Methods The study team utilized high-quality starting chemicals, solvents, and reagents with consistent chemical and physical properties. The Shimadzu IR-460 spectrometer was used in a KBr medium to get the Ft-IR spectra of the synthesized nanocatalyst. Furthermore, we employed a Bruker DRX-400 AVANCE spectrometer to acquire 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectra of the synthesized compounds. The spectrometer utilized in this investigation functions at a frequency of 400 MHz. The solvent employed for the spectra of produced compounds was CDCl3, with TMS serving as the internal standard. The mass spectra of the produced compounds, which have an ionization potential of 70 eV, were obtained using the Finnigan MAT 8430 spectrometer. Elements of produced compounds were subjected to elemental analysis using the Heraeus CHN-O-Rapid analyzer. Results This work investigated the three-component reaction involving ninhydrins 1, diamines 2, and electron-deficient acetylenic compounds 3 for the eco-friendly production of pyrroloimidazoles derivatives 4 in water-based solutions at normal temperature. The results indicated that these molecules displayed noteworthy efficacy, similar to that of conventional antioxidants. Also, the results indicated that the synthesized pyrroloimidazoles have bacteriostatic properties. Conclusion In summary, this study aimed to examine the environmentally friendly characteristics of ninhydrins, diamines, and electron-deficient acetylenic compounds when dissolved in water at normal room temperature. The research resulted in the successful production of new pyrroloimidazole derivatives with a high rate of success. This study conducted a more in-depth analysis of the antioxidant properties of the synthesized pyrroloimidazoles 4a-4d by the utilization of two techniques: DPPH radical scavenging and FRAP assays. The results indicated that these molecules displayed noteworthy efficacy, similar to that of conventional antioxidants. Furthermore, we utilized both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria to showcase the antibacterial effectiveness of the synthesized pyrroloimidazoles by the disk diffusion technique. The results indicated that the synthesized pyrroloimidazoles have bacteriostatic properties. These reactions provide benefits, such as efficient utilization of atoms, generation of large quantities of products, and straightforwardness of the reaction.

This study used the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology(UTAUT2) model to (i) predict factors influencing HE faculty members' acceptance of hybrid instruction and (ii) identify factors influencing the faculty members’ behavioural intention to use hybrid instruction. Data were analysed using SPSS 22 and AMOS 23 software. Structural equation modelling techniques were used to analyse 114 data responses gathered online from faculty members. Results show that performance expectancy, social influence, hedonic motivation, regulators’ support and project team capability affected the behavioural intention of faculty members to use online teaching, whereas effort expectancy, facilitating conditions, price value and facilitating leadership did not. The results confirmed the direct impact of the behavioural intention of faculty members on the use of online teaching. This research further extends the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology by introducing and validating three new constructs: facilitative leadership, regulatory support, and project team capability. The findings of the study add significant value to the acceptance of hybrid teaching among teachers and inform how faculty members might be trained and supported.

Background & Objective Mast cells play a role in the immune responses to fatty liver disease. The present study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of hepatic mast cell concentration (MCC) in NAFLD and NASH severity and fibrosis grade. Methods The present cross-sectional unremarkable hepatic histology, NAFLD, or NASH cases were enrolled. Demographic variables, BMI, hepatic stiffness assessed using fibroscan, portal inflammation, hepatic disease grade assessed using the NAFLD Activity Score (NAS), and hepatic fibrosis severity assessed using the NASH fibrosis stage, hepatic necrosis severity, and hepatic steatosis severity of the patients were collected. The hepatic specimens underwent immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. Results Of a total of 92 patients with a mean age of 38.7±13.3 years, 56 (60.9%) were males. There were significant relationships between the NAS score of the patients and hepatic steatosis. Moreover, the NASH fibrosis stage had significant relationships with the variables of hepatic necrosis, steatosis, and stiffness. There were significant positive correlations between the mast cell concentration (MCC) in all zones of the hepatic tissue (zone 1, zone 2, zone 3, portal area, and total) and the variables of age, BMI, and hepatic necrosis, steatosis, and stiffness. The patients with a higher NASH fibrosis stage showed a significantly higher MCC in all zones of the hepatic tissue. Conclusion Hepatic mast cell number may have a significant impact on the grade and fibrosis in NAFLD. However, it is recommended to perform further studies with larger sample sizes on patients with various etiologies for hepatic injury to confirm the present study results.

This study aims to design and build a pilot home according to the United Nations sustainable development goals (UN SDGs). The research methodology is a nature‐oriented housing policy to promote renewable energy consumption in homes for cleaner environments. This study analyzes the structural elements of traditional homes in the eastern south of Iran. This study examines the UN SDGs in planning and designing the model to find the advantages of nature‐oriented constructions compared to the current harmful development projects damaging nature, environments, ecosystems, and the earth. The building model presented in this paper is in harmony with the UN SDGs. The model provides an architectural and planning procedure to prevent the earth from damaging fossil consumption‐built environments in the world. Calculations show that the housing pilot model saves USD 3600 in energy consumption per household on average. The outcomes of this study prove the hypothesis that the use of renewable energy in homes is beneficial economically and environmentally. This study implicates housing policies in shifting planning and design methods toward UN SDGs. Policies are applicable globally in the housing programs.

Due to the important process of global warming, the improvement of soil factors, which decrease wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield gap, in the arid and semi-arid areas of the world including Iran (Kerman province) is of significance. The objective was to determine how wheat yield gap and yield components, in 15 different fields (three different locations with areas ranging from 2993 to 5175 km2), are affected by soil physicochemical properties including texture, electrical conductivity (EC), pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (P) and potassium (K), and chemical fertilization. Wheat yield components including tiller and grain number, fertile spike, spike length, 1000-grain weight (25–44 g), plant height, biological yield (plant dry weight) (4880–14800 kg/ha), and plant density were measured. Linear regression analyses indicated that SOC (0.23–1.51%), TN (0.02–0.15%) and available K (195–280 mg/kg) significantly affected wheat yield and yield components, which were also positively and significantly correlated. There was a positive and significant correlation between SOC, TN, and available P and K, which were negatively and significantly correlated with EC. The regression models relating soil physicochemical properties with spike length and plant height were significant (P ≤ 0.05). The R2 values ranged from 0.54 (number of grains per spike) to 0.90 (plant height) and for economic (grain) and biological yields were equal to 0.75 and 0.83, respectively. The yield gap was in the range of 1245–4256 kg/ha. The improvement of soil physicochemical properties may decrease wheat yield gap in the arid and semi-arid areas of the world.