Instituto Federal do Sudeste de Minas Gerais

Considerando a relevância da Revista Brasileira de Ensino de Física (RBEF) para compreender e sistematizar parte da história do ensino de física, esta investigação se propõe a explorar tal fonte, analisando trabalhos que tratam das atividades experimentais desde as primeiras publicações até o momento atual. Para a análise, destacamos aspectos como: frequência no número de publicações; diferenciação nos objetivos; ênfase pedagógica ou conteudista; níveis de ensino privilegiados; conteúdos da física abordados; incorporação de novas tecnologias; alcance da pesquisa. O número de artigos que tratam de atividades experimentais acompanhou a tendência geral na RBEF de aumento significativo no número de publicações por ano. Todas as áreas tradicionais da física foram identificadas, porém, a Mecânica se evidencia entre as outras áreas, e a menos tratada é a Física Moderna e Contemporânea. A utilização de materiais de baixo custo perpassa por todo o período de publicações analisadas, já o uso de tecnologias começa a aparecer nos anos 1990 e segue até as últimas edições. A educação básica teve pouco espaço nas pesquisas, o ensino superior foi o público-alvo privilegiado, chegando a aproximadamente 80% das publicações. A maioria dos artigos analisados não discutem as implicações no processo de ensino-aprendizagem, tratando-se mais de relatos de experiência em disciplinas do curso superior.

Background: Adolescence is a critical period for the development of physical and cognitive health. Understanding how lifestyle and physical health parameters relate to academic performance and quality of life may inform school-based interventions. Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between physical activity level (PAL), quality of life (QoL), physical fitness (PF), strength, speed and agility, body composition, and academic performance (AP) in high school students. Research Design: A cross-sectional, correlational study using multiple linear regression models to assess predictive relationships. Study Sample: 365 students (aged 16.93 ± 0.94 years) participated in the study. Data Collection and Analysis: Evaluations included Body Mass Index (BMI); PAL; QoL; PF (handgrip strength, countermovement vertical jump, and agility); and AP. A multiple linear regression was conducted using AP as the dependent variable, with BMI, jump performance, agility, handgrip strength, and PAL scores as predictors. Five additional multiple linear regressions were performed, each with a QoL domain as the dependent variable, and the same set of predictors as in the AP model. Participants’ age and sex were included as covariates in all models. Results: Significant predictive capacity was observed for AP ( F = 2.22, p = .028, R = 0.31, R ² = 0.093) and two QoL domains: physical health (F = 2.32, p = .021, R = 0.28, R ² = 0.079) and psychological health (F = 2.32 and p = .021, R = 0.28, R ² = 0.079); however, with weak correlation coefficients (0.2 ≤ R <0.4). Only jump performance and age significantly affected the AP model (β = 0.038, p = .014) and the psychological health domain model (β = 0.48, p = .018). Conclusions: The predictors explained 9.3% of the variance in AP and 7.9% of the variance in physical health and psychological health in QoL domains, suggesting that additional factors (e.g., socioeconomic status, dietary habits) may play a role. The findings highlight the importance of multifactorial approaches in future research.

The Atlantic Forest has undergone deforestation and prolonged droughts, affecting ecosystem services. This study assesses the water balance using hydrological observations from representative tree species within a Montane Semideciduous Seasonal Forest (MF) remnant. Gross precipitation (GP), canopy interception (CI), and effective precipitation (EP = Throughfall + Stemflow) were recorded daily, and soil moisture was measured down to 1.80 m every two days during the dry period of the 2023/2024 hydrological year. Additionally, aboveground biomass (AGB), fresh root biomass (BR), and soil hydrological properties in the soil profile were obtained to support the water balance results. The highest EP values were recorded in Miconia willdenowii, while the lowest were in Xylopia brasiliensis. Root zone water storage exhibited a declining trend, with the highest values in Miconia willdenowii. ET remained low, mainly in April, July, and September, with Miconia willdenowii and Copaifera langsdorffii showing the highest values, and AGB correlated with CI and ET. The dynamic of this ecosystem is apparent in the temporal variations (CVt) of soil moisture, influenced by EP and ET. The greatest variability was recorded in the surface layer (0–20 cm), stabilizing with depth, especially below 120 cm. The Temporal Stability Index (TSI) of soil water storage indicated greater stability in Blepharocalyx salicifolius. This study highlights the significance of soil water storage and ET in a tropical forest ecosystem, particularly under drought conditions, suggesting potential species that may be more effective in recovering degraded areas.

Machine learning has increasingly gained prominence in the healthcare sector due to its ability to address various challenges. However, a significant issue remains unresolved in this field: the handling of imbalanced data. This process is crucial for ensuring the efficiency of algorithms that utilize classification techniques, which are commonly applied in risk management, monitoring, diagnosis, and prognosis of patient health. This study conducts a comparative analysis of techniques for handling imbalanced data and evaluates their effectiveness in combination with a set of classification algorithms, specifically focusing on stroke prediction. Additionally, a new approach based on Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Naive Bayes was proposed. This approach was applied to the real problem of Chagas disease. The application of these techniques aims to improve the quality of life for individuals, reduce healthcare costs, and allocate available resources more efficiently, making it a preventive action.

Recent literature highlights heterogeneous spatial patterns in entrepreneurial ecosystems (EEs), traditionally viewed as territorially bounded phenomena. However, growing evidence suggests that EEs possess complex spatial topologies. Existing research, primarily at the EE level, lacks insights into how individual entrepreneurs navigate these spatial structures. This study takes a microfoundational approach to examine why and to what extent entrepreneurs engage with EEs at regional, national, and international levels to generate value. Our analysis focuses on knowledge-intensive entrepreneurs from the Innovative Research in Small Enterprises program, managed by the São Paulo Research Foundation, Brazil. Using a regression analysis of survey data from 146 entrepreneurs and insights from 17 semi-structured interviews, we explore how entrepreneurs actively configure their own EE across geographical scales. Findings reveal that entrepreneurs leverage EE resources differently based on the type of value they seek to create—economic, social, or environmental. Four key drivers explain these spatial configurations: (i) configurational voids, (ii) configurational inefficiencies in regional EEs, (iii) the pursuit of configurational diversity, and (iv) configurational upgrading. These dynamics give rise to “spatial mosaics,” wherein entrepreneurs perceive and assemble EEs as complex, multi-level structures. We propose a novel illustrative framework integrating entrepreneurial agency and spatiality as core components of EE dynamics, offering fresh insights into how entrepreneurs construct and navigate EEs beyond territorial boundaries.

Pastures are the basis of ruminant feed; however, forage digestibility decreases in the dry season. In this study, the aims were to identify selected fungus isolates from the gastrointestinal tract of healthy Santa Inês sheep and to evaluate the in vitro digestibility of Urochloa decumbens (UD) hay inoculated with these fungi. Sequence analysis of the rDNA ITS regions and fragments of the encoding β‐tubulin gene permitted identification of the isolate O45M1 as Aspergillus terreus. The isolate B13M2 was identified as Trichoderma longibrachiatum considering the sequence analysis of the ITS region and the gene encoding elongation factor 1‐α. The coefficients of in vitro dry matter digestibility (DMD) and neutral detergent fibre digestibility (NDFD) of lignified UD were evaluated in ruminal fluid collected in three periods of 21 days. The ruminal fluid was inoculated with sterile Sabouraud broth (control), with A. terreus (O45 M1), with T. longibrachiatum (B13 M2), or with a mixture of these fungi. The DMD of hay was higher (p < .01, Fisher LSD test) when inoculated with the B13M2 isolate (47.31%) in comparison to the control (35.69%) for the three periods of collection of the ruminal fluid. The presence of mycelial fungi was detected in samples of the ruminal medium during three times of incubation (0, 24 and 72 h) in a ruminal simulator. Additionally, after the acid digestion, at 72 h of incubation, the population of mycelial fungi was significantly higher when the ruminal fluid was inoculated with isolate B13M2 (p < .05, Fisher LSD test), indicating resilience. B13M2 addition increases the DMD of lignified UD, showing potential for the development of probiotic or microbial additives for ruminants.

The aim of this research was to evaluate the feed efficiency of lambs fed diets composed of alfalfa hay and/or black oat grains in a feedlot. 30 weaned lambs were distributed in a 3x2 factorial scheme (three diets and two sexes). The experimental diets were roughage only (ROU), roughage (50%) and concentrate (50%) (RCO) and concentrate only (CON). The slaughter criterion used was body condition score. There was no interaction between diet and sex. The lambs in the ROU treatment consumed more dry matter (DM) and consequently more nutrients. The RCO lambs consumed intermediate values, and the CON animals consumed less DM and nutrients. Males consumed more DM. Lambs from the ROU treatment had a higher final body weight compared to lambs from the RCO treatment. The average daily gain was higher in the RCO lambs compared to the ROU lambs. The lambs' feed efficiency was best in the CON treatment, followed by the RCO and the ROU treatment lambs had the worst feed efficiency. Females have better feed efficiency when evaluated by bionutritional efficiency. Keywords: alfalfa hay; black oat grains; feedlot; Ovis aries; performance

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of combining Dinoprost tromethamine and D-cloprostenol in a fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) protocol on ovulation, fertility and pregnancy rate in Nelore heifers. A total of 28 Nelore heifers were evaluated. On D0, they received an intravaginal progesterone (P4) device and an intramuscular (IM) injection of 2 mg of oestradiol benzoate (BE). On D7, an application of 2mL of dinoprost tromethamine, on D9 the P4 device was removed and 0.3 mL of oestradiol cypionate (eCP) and 1.5 mL of equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG) were administered, on D11 all the females were inseminated and randomly divided into three groups: T1, T2 and T3. The control (T1; n = 8), in which the animals received 2 mL of saline IM; T2 (n = 11), received 2 mL of dinoprost tromethamine IM; and T3 (n = 9), received 2 mL of D-Cloprostenol IM. Follicle diameter was assessed on D0, D7, D9, D11 and corpus luteum (CL) diameter on D12. Gestation diagnosis (GD) was carried out 30 days after artificial insemination (AI). Non-parametric variables were analyzed using the Friedman test, with a significance level of 5%. The pregnancy rate was different between treatments (p < 0.05), being higher in T3 when compared to T1 (55.55%) vs. (12.5%), as well as T2 (55.55%) vs. (27.27%). There was no interaction between treatments in terms of follicle diameter at D11 and CL formation. It was concluded that the use of two doses of PGF2α (dinoprost tromethamine and D-cloprostenol) was efficient in synchronizing small follicles (< 10mm) and increasing pregnancy rates.

Brazil harbors the greatest diversity of primates, and among them, the genus Callithrix is notable for its adaptation to urban environments. Despite being endemic to southern Bahia and northeastern Minas Gerais, the Wied's marmoset (Callithrix kuhlii) remains understudied, highlighting the need for baseline health data. This study aimed to characterize the hematological and biochemical profiles of C. kuhlii in urban and peri-urban areas within its distribution range. A total of 106 wild marmosets were captured, and blood samples were collected from the femoral plexus of the individuals. Hematological parameters showed no significant differences between sexes. However, sex-based variations were observed in serum biochemistry, with males showing higher triglycerides and urea levels, possibly influenced by dietary factors and testosterone. This pioneering study establishes essential baseline data on the hematology and biochemistry parameters of C. kuhlii in the wild, supporting future research on its ecology and conservation within the Atlantic Forest.

Although the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic primarily affected the human population, the virus has also been detected in various animal species worldwide, raising concerns about its potential to establish new animal reservoirs. This study aimed to investigate the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in non-human primates (NHPs) and synanthropic small mammals (SSMs) in the Jequitinhonha Valley and Northern Minas Gerais, Brazil. Between October 2021 and October 2023, 119 animals were sampled, 82 NHPs and 37 SSMs, across 22 municipalities. A total of 342 biological samples—including oral and nasal swabs, lungs, livers, spleens, blood, and feces—were collected and analyzed using RT-qPCR, while 37 serum samples were submitted to neutralization tests. Despite the diversity of sampled species, habitats, and biological materials, no evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection or specific antibodies was detected in any of the individuals tested. The results suggest that NHPs and SSMs in these regions did not act as reservoirs for SARS-CoV-2 during the study period. This finding is particularly relevant given the high synanthropy of species such as Callithrix penicillata (black-tufted marmoset) and Rattus rattus (black rat), which frequently interact with human populations. Our study underscores the importance of integrating animal, human, and environmental health perspectives under a One Health framework to monitor emerging zoonotic threats. By providing baseline data on SARS-CoV-2 dynamics in wildlife, we emphasize the need for ongoing ecological and epidemiological surveillance to assess potential spillover events and their implications for biodiversity and public health in Brazil.

RESUMO O emprego massivo de tecnologias computacionais por organizações dos mais variados ramos de atuação está ligado, em especial, com o surgimento cada vez mais frequente de ambientes que requerem dos gestores extrema capacidade decisória, mesclando qualidade e agilidade. Em cenários marcados por decisões subsidiadas por dados, é fundamental o apoio de artefatos que contribuam para integrar fontes heterogêneas de dados nas organizações, tais como as ontologias. Este artigo apresenta uma ontologia de domínio elaborada para organizar o conhecimento relacionado com evasão escolar, desempenho acadêmico e distribuição de auxílios socioeconômicos em uma Instituição Federal de Ensino Superior, bem como integrar os dados de tais construtos. A metodologia empregada, com destaque para a abordagem SABiO em conjunto com a linguagem de modelagem OntoUML, forneceu o suporte necessário para todo o processo de desenvolvimento da ontologia de domínio. Como principais resultados, houve a integração dos dados de quatro fontes heterogêneas em conformidade com a ontologia especificada, permitindo a recuperação de informações que responderam as questões de competência que indicam a coerência entre o propósito da ontologia e a realidade do seu escopo. Quanto aos dados institucionais analisados, ficou evidente a importância dos auxílios socioeconômicos distribuídos para a redução da evasão escolar e aumento do desempenho acadêmico dos estudantes.

In this work, we study Fisher and Shannon information entropies for homonuclear hydrogen (H 2) and heteronuclear lithium hydride (LiH) molecules in one and three-dimensional spaces using exponential-type potential by solving Schrödinger wave equation with supersymmetric quantum mechanics approach. The momentum space wave function plots and their probability densities for both molecules at different quantum states are symmetrical and compacted with a unique pattern though both molecules showcase molecular localisation at different nodes of their respective quantum state. The numerical solutions obtained for both molecules satisfy the Bialynicki-Birula and Mycielski (BBM) inequalities for the different dimensions which authenticate the accuracy of both the analytical and computational solutions. The total normalised wave function used for the computation of information entropies for different dimensions was expressed as a hypergeometric function of the Jacobi polynomial. a

In the present work, the Halide Activated Pack Cementation (HAPC) was adopted to form protective aluminide coatings due to its versatility and low cost. Codeposition of Al and Si on Mar-M246 was performed by HAPC using two different cements constituted of 75 wt.% Al2O3 and 25 wt.% of a mixture formed in different weight ratios of (Al: Si): PM I (50:50) and PM II (72.5:27.5). The coatings are composed in outer part of NiAl and Ni2Al3 phases with significant presence of Si on PM I. After 200 h of oxidation test at 1000 °C, the samples coated by PM I and PM II exhibited the best performance than uncoated one, with mass gains near 0.3 mg/cm2, which is half times the mass gained by uncoated alloy. All coated samples were characterized before and after the oxidation test by SEM, EDS and XRD techniques. The exposure of the coated to high temperature led to the formation of Al2O3 and a modification of the coating morphology by the dissolution of the Ni2Al3 phase.

The powdered products industry demands certain parameters for the transport of these products, such as flowability. This has a direct impact on actions within the industry and in machinery development. For Coffea canephora, this information is absent in the relevant literature. Thus, the present study aimed to analyze alterations in the flow properties of Coffea canephora due to the degree of roasting, particle size, and storage temperature. Two degrees of roasting were used: medium light (ML) and moderately dark (MD). Later, the coffee was divided into four particle size categories: whole roasted coffee and coffee ground to fine, medium, and coarse sizes. These lots were kept at 10 °C and 30 °C and the flowability parameters were studied throughout the storage period (0, 30, 60, 120, and 180 days). The angle of internal friction presented higher values for higher degrees of roasting and lower values for larger particle sizes. The MD and fine coffee samples presented higher values for the wall friction angle. Steel provided the lowest values for the wall friction angle. Unground roasted coffee was classified as free-flowing, whilst coffee with a coarse or fine particle size was classified as having an easy flow and a cohesive flow, respectively. According to the K coefficient, coffee roasted to MD required storage containers that were more robust, such as having thicker silo walls or being constructed of a material with a higher resistance, to prevent the storage container from collapsing during transport.

Salmonella Gallinarum infection in chicks resulted in a mortality rate of 42%.Chicks had unusual lesions such as haemorrhagic enteritis and interstitial pneumonia.Whole genome analysis of the SG isolate revealed exclusive antimicrobial resistance genes.Higher number of exclusive virulence genes were related to severe fowl typhoid in chicks.

Background Understanding university students’ health-related quality of life (HRQoL) can help propose strategies that support targeted care for this population and identify issues affecting these individuals. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the commonly used instruments and possible study designs for the university population, enabling the standardization of interventions and instruments to evaluate the HRQoL of university students. We aim to conduct a scoping review to identify the main measurement instruments and key characteristics in studies using HRQoL measures among university students. It is also aimed at identifying the foundations for guiding future research priorities. Methods This review will consider original peer-reviewed articles that used any generic HRQoL measurement instruments exclusively used with university students aged 18–59. Validation, qualitative, language translation, or adaptation studies will be excluded. This review will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). The research will be conducted in five electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus). Two reviewers will independently screen records using predefined eligibility criteria and extract data using tables. The extracted data will include specific details about the title, authors, year of publication, HRQoL instrument utilized, participants, intervention design, and critical findings. The results will be presented in a narrative summary with data displayed in tabular and diagrammatic formats. Discussion This proposed scoping review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the existing methods for assessing health-related quality of life in university students. The results will help identify gaps in the literature and establish a foundation for guiding future research priorities. Scoping review registration Registration with Open Science Framework can be found under registration number https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/FY9GU.

The use of rock powder combined with nutrient-solubilizing and growth-promoting bacteria represents a promising alternative for nutrient supply to the soil and improved crop development. This study aimed to evaluate the development of coffee seedlings treated with rock dust and inoculated with Bacillus species. Six types of rock powder (slate, black slate, gneiss, kamafugite, pyroxenite, and a mixture of mica schist and granite) were added to standard fertilizer in the presence or absence of a Bacillus mixture (Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens) during coffee cultivation. We measured plant height, stem diameter, leaf number, shoot and root dry biomass, and nutrient levels in the soil and coffee leaves after. In the kamafugite treatment, adding a bacterial mixture increased plant height. When the bacterial application was considered alone, it resulted in an 85% increase in the plants’ total dry biomass. Rock powder and bacteria showed a substantial interaction effect, particularly for nutrients. Gneiss and kamafugite treatments increased phosphorus availability in the soil, whereas bacterial presence boosted calcium and magnesium content. The combination of nutrient-solubilizing and growth-promoting bacteria and rock powder improved soil chemical properties and the early development of coffee plants. Index terms: Coffea arabica; remineralizer; Bacillus; sustainable agriculture